Fundamental

Definition: Fundamental

Fundamental

Adjective

1. Serving as an essential component; "a cardinal rule"; "the central cause of the problem"; "an example that was fundamental to the argument"; "computers are fundamental to modern industrial structure".

2. Being or involving basic facts or principles; "the fundamental laws of the universe"; "a fundamental incompatibility between them"; "these rudimentary truths"; "underlying principles".

3. Far-reaching and thoroughgoing in effect especially on the nature of something; "the fundamental revolution in human values that has occurred"; "the book underwent fundamental changes"; "committed the fundamental error of confusing spending with extravagance"; "profound social changes".

Noun

1. The lowest tone of a harmonic series.

Date "fundamental" was first used: sometime around 1443. (references)

Domain	Definition
Business	Nature of a finding relating to the accounts and the financial statements which casts doubt on the value of all of the latter and which may mean that the auditor is unable to arrive at a satisfactory conclusion. This could be a reason for refusing to certify the accounts. Source: European Union. (references)
Finance	The search for "value" via the balance sheet and profit and loss account of the company concerned, together with the investigation of the overall economic situation and projections made from this data. Current trends are extrapolated, as are supply/demand situations. Source: European Union. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The 'fundamental tone' often referred to simply as the fundamental, is the lowest frequency in a harmonic series.

Synonyms: Fundamental

Synonyms: cardinal (adj), central (adj), key (adj), primal (adj), profound (adj), rudimentary (adj), underlying (adj), first harmonic (n), fundamental frequency (n). (additional references)

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Base	Adjective: bottom, undermost, nethermost; fundamental; founded on, based on, grounded on, built on.
Intrinsicality	Adjective: derived from within, subjective; intrinsic, intrinsical; fundamental, normal; implanted, inherent, essential, natural; innate, inborn, inbred, ingrained, inwrought; coeval with birth, genetous, haematobious, syngenic; radical, incarnate, thoroughbred, hereditary, inherited, immanent; congenital, congenite; connate, running in the blood; ingenerate, ingenite; indigenous; in the grain; Noun: bred in the bone, instinctive; inward, internal; to the manner born; virtual.
Support	Adjective: supporting, supported; Verb: fundamental; dorsigerous.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Crosswords: Fundamental

English words defined with "fundamental": applied, Aristotelianism, Avogadro's law ♦ base, basics, basis, Bill of Rights, biogenic, Bose, Brunonian ♦ canon, cardinal, cell theory, central, Charte, civil liberty, civil right, civil rights, Common chord, conservation of energy, conservation of mass, conservation of matter, constitution, cornerstone, Corpus delicti, Coulomb's Law ♦ Equivocal chord, essential, Eudipleura, event ♦ first law of thermodynamics, formula, foundation, fundament, Fundamental bass, fundamental law ♦ General homology, grassroots, ground bass, groundwork ♦ Hard pan, Homomorphy, Homotype ♦ inessential, International System ♦ key, keynote ♦ law of conservation of energy, law of conservation of mass, law of conservation of matter, law of the land, least squares ♦ Malebranchism, modifiable, mores, Muscle plasma ♦ organic law, overtone ♦ pain, painfulness, Partial tones, pillar, Plastin, pleasance, pleasure, pragmatic sanction, primal, Primitive chord, Principia, profound ♦ quark ♦ Radical vessels, rudimentary, rudiments ♦ Satyendra N. Bose, Satyendra Nath Bose, Schrodinger equation, Schrodinger wave equation, Sense organule, SI, sign, Space of four dimensions, spirit, Sub-bass, supersymmetry, Systeme International, Systeme International d'Unites ♦ technical, The Golden Bull, Trancscendental ♦ underlying, unessential, Unit of measure. (references)

Specialty definitions using "fundamental": fundamental descriptors ♦ new fundamental system for the determination of reference equivalents. (references)

Etymologies containing "fundamental": Sub-bass. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Fundamental" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

Albanian (fundamental), Danish (fundamental), German (basal, fundamental, quintessential, radical), Indonesian (fundamental), Norwegian (fundamental), Portuguese (basal, bottom, central, dominant frequency, first, fundamental, fundamental base frequency, fundamental frequency, primal, primordial, principal, principal frequency, root, subjacent, underlying), Romanian (base, basic, basically, capital, essential, fundamental, fundamentally, main, prime, principal, ultimate, vital), Spanish (basal, basic, bottom, essential, fundamental, keynote, material, primal, root, ultimate, underlying), Swedish (basic, fundamental, organic, radical).

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	Whether we are based on carbon or silicon makes no fundamental difference. (2010; writing credit: Arthur C. Clarke; Peter Hyams)
Clever	Adult Education Topic: Fundamental differences between the laundry hamper and the floor. Pictures and explanatory graphics. (references; author: unknown)
Movie/TV Titles	Fundamental Frolics (1981)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Domain	Title
Books	Craniosacral Biodynamics: The Breath of Life, Biodynamics, and Fundamental Skills (reference) Foundations and Fundamental Concepts of Mathematics (reference) Fundamental Neuroscience (reference) Jazz Piano and Harmony : A Fundamental Guide (Book & CD) (reference) Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics: Teachers' Understanding of Fundamental Mathematics in China and the United States (Studies in mathematic (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Ieee Transactions On Circuits And Systems :Pt 1 Fundamental Theory And Applications (reference) (more periodical examples)

Theater & Movies	Fundamental Manufacturing Processes, Computer Numerical Control v (reference) Fundamental Restaurant Etiquette (reference) (more DVD examples; more video examples)

Music	Fundamental (reference) The Fundamental Elements of Southtown (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

High Tech	Amex Small Business Fundamental 1.0 (reference) (more camera examples; more video game examples; more computer examples; more electronic examples; more software examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	In 1930, Senator Joseph E. Ransdell of Louisiana, convinced that fundamental research could lead to cures for diseases, got his Ransdell Act through Congress. This Act reorganized and expanded the Hygienic Laboratory and renamed it the National Institute of Health. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Author	Quotation
Confucius	The perfecting of one's self is the fundamental base of all progress and all moral development.
Sir William Blackstone	That the king can do no wrong is a necessary and fundamental principle of the English constitution.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Author	Date	Quotation
John Locke	1690	Salus populi suprema lex, is certainly so just and fundamental a rule, that he, who sincerely follows it, cannot dangerously err. (Second Treatise of Government)
Marbury v. Madison	1803	The principles, therefore, so established, are deemed fundamental. (reference)
United Nations	1948	Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. (reference)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Vitamins and minerals are fundamental to human health, growth, and, in some cases, disease prevention. (references)
		The NINDS also conducts and supports a wide range of fundamental studies that explore the complex mechanisms of normal brain development. (references)
		The appreciation of botulinum as a potent, irreversible, and potentially lethal neurotoxin is fundamental to the safe use of this natural product. (references)
Business		Fluid contacts with realtors are also fundamental. (references)
		His area of expertise is fundamental financial analysis. (references)
		Fruit tree yards are also fundamental agricultural activities. (references)
Children	Congo	The Fundamental Act affords children equal protection under the law. (references)
	Congo	Persons with Disabilities The Fundamental Act prohibits discrimination based on physical condition; however, in practice this prohibition generally was not enforced, because the ministry charged with implementation faced severe financial constraints. (references)
Civil Liberties	Turkey	Under the amendments, only actions against fundamental principles are prohibited. (references)
Discrimination	Korea	However, in practice the Government denies its citizens most fundamental human rights. (references)
Economic History	Oman	Fundamental is the country's small population and small domestic market. (references)
	Mexico	A stable, democratic, and economically prosperous Mexico is fundamental to U.S. interests. (references)
Human Rights	Saudi Arabia	The sanctity of family life and the inviolability of the home are among the most fundamental of Islamic precepts. (references)
	Paraguay	The March 2000 Penal and Criminal Procedures Code, provides the legal basis for the protection of fundamental human rights. (references)
	Burma	However, Pinheiro also cited problems, including the denial of fundamental freedoms of assembly, association, expression, and movement. (references)
Indigenous People	Bangladesh	Government leaders counter that voting is a fundamental right and that citizens cannot be disenfranchised from the election process. (references)
Political Economy	Angola	UNITA failed to comply with several fundamental aspects of the protocol. (references)
	Mexico	A strong and economically healthy Mexico is a fundamental U.S. interest. (references)
Political Rights	India	The Supreme Court has upheld the Government's authority to suspend fundamental rights during an emergency. (references)
	Kyrgyz Republic	Pressure against a major domestic election-monitoring NGO violated fundamental freedoms, a step backward in comparison with the parliamentary elections. (references)
	Gambia	In early June, the National Assembly passed several amendments that reduced the power of the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) to control many fundamental election matters. (references)
Trade	Indonesia	However, given the fundamental restructuring underway in the banking system, many of these relationships are no longer in effect. (references)
	Sweden	Licensing decisions are taken by ISP, but matters of fundamental significance should be referred to the Swedish Government for decision. (references)
	Croatia	As a guideline, the standard minimum involvement for the Bank is � 5 million, though this may be reduced if the project has fundamental benefits for the country. (references)
Travel	Uk	Some fundamental cultural differences between the United States and the UK remain. (references)
	Argentina	To establish trust, some time spent discussing family members or sports and social activities is fundamental to the development of a solid business relationship. (references)
	Korea	Indeed, one of the fundamental principles of the Korean language is based on the plethora of verb endings which indicate the level of respect accorded to another person. (references)
Worker Rights	Burma	The 1964 Law on Fundamental Workers Rights and the 1951 Factories Act regulate working conditions. (references)
	El Salvador	These codes include worker rights protection clauses; however, it is not known if they state the ILO's Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. (references)
	Bosnia and Herzegovina	The judicial system, beset by fundamental procedural flaws and massive case backlogs, offers only minimal prospects of redress for plaintiffs in civil litigation. (references)
Lexicography	Devil's Dictionary	ROUNDHEAD, n. A member of the Parliamentarian party in the English civil war -- so called from his habit of wearing his hair short, whereas his enemy, the Cavalier, wore his long. There were other points of difference between them, but the fashion in hair was the fundamental cause of quarrel. The Cavaliers were royalists because the king, an indolent fellow, found it more convenient to let his hair grow than to wash his neck. This the Roundheads, who were mostly barbers and soap-boilers, deemed an injury to trade, and the royal neck was therefore the object of their particular indignation. Descendants of the belligerents now wear their hair all alike, but the fires of animosity enkindled in that ancient strife smoulder to this day beneath the snows of British civility.
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Speaker	Phrase(s)
Dennis Miller	Hey, the bottom line is, the fundamental nature of mankind never changes.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Speaker	Term	Phrase(s)
George Washington	1789-1797	Respect for its authority, compliance with its laws, acquiescence in its measures, are duties enjoined by the fundamental maxims of true liberty.
Abraham Lincoln	1861-1865	Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding.
Calvin Coolidge	1923-1929	The fundamental precept of liberty is toleration.
Harry S. Truman	1945-1953	I believe that that policy carries out our fundamental objectives.
Richard Nixon	1969-1974	Well, let us turn now to the fundamental issue.
Gerald Ford	1974-1977	This gathering symbolizes the constitutional foundation which makes continued progress possible, synchronizing the skills of three independent branches of Government, reserving fundamental sovereignty to the people of this great land.
Jimmy Carter	1977-1981	As a result of those fundamental facts, we face some of the most serious challenges in the history of this nation.
Ronald Reagan	1981-1989	Education, training, and retraining are fundamental to our success as are research and development and productivity.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

"Fundamental" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 99.91% of the time. "Fundamental" is used about 4,503 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)	99.91%	4,499	2,174
Noun (proper)	0.07%	3	202,518
Noun (common)	0.02%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	4,503	N/A

Expressions using "fundamental": fundamental analysis ♦ Fundamental bass ♦ Fundamental chord ♦ Fundamental colors ♦ fundamental complex ♦ fundamental descriptors ♦ fundamental error ♦ fundamental fault ♦ fundamental feature ♦ fundamental frequency ♦ fundamental idea ♦ fundamental interaction ♦ fundamental law ♦ fundamental liberties ♦ fundamental liberty ♦ fundamental measure ♦ fundamental number ♦ fundamental objective ♦ fundamental particle ♦ fundamental principle ♦ fundamental quantity ♦ fundamental requirements ♦ fundamental research ♦ fundamental right ♦ fundamental rights ♦ fundamental role ♦ fundamental rule ♦ fundamental star places ♦ fundamental tone ♦ fundamental truths ♦ fundamental unit ♦ matter fundamental ♦ new fundamental system for the determination of reference equivalents ♦ Wald's fundamental identify. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "fundamental": fundamental-equilibrium.
	Ending with "fundamental": non-fundamental.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "fundamental"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		fundamental, themelor (basal, basic, Cardinal, constitutive, essential, main, primal, primary, prime, principal, radical, seminal, ultimate, underlying), rrënjësor (radical, root), kryesor (arch, arterial, basal, capital, Cardinal, central, chief, focal, foremost, general, governing, grand, great, key, keynote, leading, main, major, pivotal, predominant, premier, primal, primary, prime, principal, topmost, trunk). (various references)

Arabic		‏جوهري (cardinal, essential, intrinsic, intrinsical, main, material, overriding, pivotal, prime, quintessential, radical, substantial), ‏النغمة الأساسية, ‏الأساس (backbone, basis, corner stone, radix, raft), ‏أولي (elementary, first, incipient, overriding, premonitory, primaeval, primal, primary, prime, primeval, rudimentary, ultimate, virgin), ‏أساسي (absolute, alkaline, basal, base, capital, cardinal, close, constitutional, formal, imperative, indispensable, innate, inward, leading, main, major, material, momentous, nub, organic, overriding, paramount, piece de resistance, primal, primary, principal, radical, right, staple, substantial, ultimate, underling), ‏أصلي (authentic, bona fide, ethnic, ethnical, genetic, genetical, original, overriding, premier, prime, primordial, pristine, proper, pukka, radical, true), ‏رئيسي (arch, arterial, broad, cardinal, central, chief, foremost, head on, key-, leading, main, major, master, masterful, premier, primal, primary, prime, principal, sovereign, staple). (various references)

Bulgarian		съществен (essential, formal, integral, integrant, intimate, intrinsic, material, meaty, radical, substantial, substantive, underlying, vital), основно правило, основен тон (key note, prime, root, tonic), основен (abecedarian, alkali, alkaline, basal, basic, bottom, capital, essential, general, grade, gut, key, key note, main, organic, pivotal, polar, primal, prime, primitive, primordial, principal, radical, rudimental, rudimentary, substantial, thorough, thoroughgoing, tonic, ultimate, underlying), основа (accidence, alkali, base, basis, bed, foot, footing, foundation, grounding, groundwork, joint, lye, pedestal, radix, seat, seating, sole, staff, stem, substratum, substructure, theme, underpinning, warp, warp and woof). (various references)

Chinese		� �本 (at all, basic, root, simply). (various references)

Czech		základní (basal, basic, Cardinal, elementary, essential, funded, overriding, primary, primitive, principal, radical, rudimentary, standard, staple, ultimate, underlying), principiální, podstatný (constituent, essential, germane, intrinsic, intrinsical, massive, perceptible, quintessential, real, substantial, substantive, vital), elementární (basic, elementary, primary). (various references)

Danish		fundamentalanalyse (fundamental analysis), fundamental, væsentlig (essential, substantial), grundfrekvens (dominant frequency, fundamental base frequency, fundamental frequency, principal frequency). (various references)

Dutch		fundamenteel. (various references)

Esperanto		fundamenta. (various references)

Faeroese		støðisligur. (various references)

Finnish		fundamentaalianalyysi (fundamental analysis), perusteanalyysi (fundamental analysis). (various references)

French		fondamental. (various references)

German		grundlegend (basal, Basic, basically, elementary, material, materially, radical, standard, ultimate, underlying, vital), grundsätzlich (absolutely, as a basic principle, basic, cardinal, categorical, categorically, foregone, in principle, on principle, principally, ultimate), fundamental (basal, quintessential, radical). (various references)

Greek		θεμελιώδης (underlying). (various references)

Hebrew		יסו�"י (basic, elementary, elementary school, essential, inchoate, main, substantial, thorough, thoroughgoing, ultimate), שרשי (basic, deep rooted, firm, radical, rooty), עקרי (capital, central, leading, main, major, pivotal, preponderant, primary, principal, staple, substantial), עקרון (doctrine, law, principle, tenet), עקרו� י (principal), בסיסי (basic, underlying), צליל �"יסו�"י. (various references)

Hungarian		alap- (elementary), sarkalatos (Cardinal, pivotal), alaphang (diapason, do, keynote, prime, tonic). (various references)

Indonesian		fundamental, asasi (basic). (various references)

Italian		fondamentale (basic, elemental, primary, prime, standard, ultimate). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		肝腎 (crucial, essential, main, vital), 肝心 (crucial, essential, main, vital), 原 (field, moor, original, plain, prairie, primary, primitive, raw, tundra, wilderness), 基礎的 (basic), 基本的 (basic, standard), ファロー鹿 (fallow deer, fan, fan club, fancy, fancy ball, fancy dress, fancy food, fancy goods, fancy store, fanfare, fan-jet, fan-out, fantastic, fantasy, feasibility study, feature, feed, feedback, feeder, feeding, feet, foot, foundation, fumble, fun, fun fair, function, function key, functor, fund, fund manager, fund trust, fundamentals, funk, funky, phantom), 本� �的 (earnest, full-dress, genuine, normal, real, regular, typical), � �本的 (basic). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		ファンダメンタル , きそてき (basic), きほ�"てき (basic, standard), ほ�"かくてき (earnest, full-dress, genuine, normal, real, regular, typical), か�"じ�" (aChinese, armorer, crucial, essential, magnanimous, main, man of leisure, scoundrel, temple solicitation, villain, vital), �"�"ぽ�"てき (basic), �'�" (bow string, chord, handle, not to be touched, original, primary, primitive, raw, remark, serious, statement, string, word). (various references)

Korean		기본 (fundamentals). (various references)

Manx		undinagh (basic, cardinal, firsthand, intrinsic, staple), fraue-note, fraueagh (bulbous, original), bunneydagh (authoritative, basic, elemental, firsthand, fundamentalist, original, primitive, primordial, radical, rudimentary, underlying, vital), bun- (prefix primary, primary). (various references)

Norwegian		fundamental. (various references)

Pig Latin		undamentalfay

Portuguese		fundamental (basal, bottom, central, first, primal, primordial, principal, root, subjacent, underlying), básico (basic, bottom, cardinal, chief, essential, key, main, major, primary, principal, root, underlying). (various references)

Romanian		fundamental (base, basic, basically, capital, essential, fundamentally, main, prime, principal, ultimate, vital), funciar (ground, land, landed), principiu (conviction, principle), prim (early, first, foremost, front, initial, maiden, one, original, premier, primal, prime), organic (constitutional, organic, organically, particular, structural), esenţial (capital, constituent, constitutive, elemental, essential, indispensable, main, meat, prime, principal, vital), central (central, Midland, midmost, mixed). (various references)

Russian		фундаментальный (basal, radical). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		fundamentalan, osnovni (basal, base, basic, elementary, institutional, key, no-frills, primal, primary, prime, primordial, underlying), osnovan (basic, founded, grounded, primary, rudimentary). (various references)

Spanish		fundamental (basal, basic, bottom, essential, keynote, material, primal, root, ultimate, underlying). (various references)

Swedish		principiell, grundläggande (basic, constitutive, elemental, essential, primal, ultimate, underlying). (various references)

Thai		รากฐาน (root), ซึ่งเกี่ยวกับรากฐาน. (various references)

Turkish		temel (abecederian, back drop, backbone, basal, base, basic, basis, bed, bottom, bread and butter, constitutive, corner stone, elemental, elementary, footing, fortification, foundation, fundament, grass roots, ground, ground form, groundwork, guiding, hard pan, keystone, parent, pedestal, primary, principal, root, rudimental, rudimentary, socle, staple, substratum, substructure, underlying, working), esas (authentic, basal, base, basic, basis, beginnings, broad, central, constitutive, corner stone, element, elemental, essence, extract, footing, fortification, foundation, guiding, heartbeat, intrinsic, main, master, nub, parent, pith, pith and marrow, pivotal, postulate, principal, principle, quiddity, radical, staple, substance, sum, the merits, the nub, ultimate, underlying), asíl (essential), ana (basic, broad, capital, Cardinal, chief, governing, grand, guiding, head, key, leading, main, main part, major, master, matron, mother, parent, predominant, primary, principal, principle, staple). (various references)

Turkmen		dьяpli (essential). (various references)

Ukrainian		корінний (aboriginal, native born, radical), основний (basal, base, basic, basilar, capital, central, chief, first, foremost, key, main, master, organic, primary, primitive, principal, quintessence, radical, staple, substantial, ultimate, underlying), принцип (notion, principle). (various references)

Vietnamese		cơ sở (basal, base, corner-stone, foundation, fundament, groundwork, underlying), cơ bản (basal, basic, basically, capital, elementary). (various references)

Welsh		sylfaenol (foundational). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	fundamentum. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "fundamental": fundamentalism, fundamentalisms, fundamentalist, fundamentalistic, fundamentalists, fundamentally, fundamentals. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Fundamental" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: foundamental, fundamentale, fundemental, fundimental, fundmental, funtamental. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "fundamental" (pronounced fu'ndume"ntul or fu'ndume"nul)
7	-u m e" n t u l	detrimental, elemental, experimental, incremental, instrumental, monumental, ornamental, regimental, sentimental, supplemental, temperamental, unsentimental.
6	-m e" n t u l	compartmental, developmental, environmental, intergovernmental, judgmental, mental, nongovernmental.
5	-e" n t u l	accidental, coincidental, continental, dental, gentle, incidental, intercontinental, lentil, occidental, oriental, parental, rental, transcendental, transcontinental.
4	-n t u l	Cantle, consonantal, disgruntle, dismantle, frontal, governmental, horizontal, infantile, lintel, mantel, mantle, periodontal, prefrontal, quintal, Wintle.
3	-t u l	acquittal, anecdotal, artiodactyl, battle, beetle, belittle, betel, bicoastal, bottle, brattle, Bristol, brittle, brutal, butyl, capital, Capitol, cattle, chattel, chortle, coastal, committal, congenital, crustal, crystal, digital, distal, ductile, embattle, entitle, extramarital, fatal, fertile, fetal, fractal, futile, genital, glottal, hospital, hostel, hostile, hurtle, immortal, immotile, infertile, kettle, Kittel, Kittle, little, marital, metal, mettle, mortal, motile, Myrtle, Natal, neonatal, nettle, noncommittal, nonfatal, nonvolatile, occipital, orbital, parietal, pedestal, petal, Pistil, pistol, pivotal, portal, postal, postnatal, Pottle, prattle, premarital, prenatal, projectile, rattle, rebuttal, recital, rectal, resettle, scuttle, settle, shuttle, skeletal, skittle, societal, spittle, startle, subtitle, subtle, tactile, tattle, throttle, title, tittle, tootle, total, transmittal, turtle, unsettle, unsubtle, varietal, vegetal, versatile, vestal, vital, vittle, volatile, Whittle.
5	-m e" n u l	departmental.
4	-e" n u l	fennel, kennel.
3	-n u l	abdominal, aberrational, aboriginal, additional, adrenal, anal, annal, annul, Arsenal, atonal, attitudinal, autumnal, binational, biphenyl, cantonal, Cardinal, carnal, channel, coeducational, collisional, Colonel, communal, compositional, computational, concessional, conditional, confessional, conformational, confrontational, congregational, congressional, connotational, constitutional, conventional, conversational, cornel, correctional, criminal, Darnel, delusional, denominational, depositional, devotional, diagonal, dimensional, directional, diurnal, divisional, doctrinal, duodenal, dysfunctional, educational, emotional, empanel, erosional, eternal, exceptional, external, factional, faunal, fictional, final, flannel, fluxional, foundational, fractional, fraternal, functional, funnel, gastrointestinal, generational, gravitational, hexagonal, hormonal, Hymnal, impanel, impersonal, improvisational, infernal, informational, inspirational, institutional, instructional, intentional, intergenerational, internal, international, interpersonal, intestinal, investigational, Invitational, irrational, journal, jurisdictional, juvenile, kernel, latitudinal, longitudinal, luminal, marginal, maternal, medicinal, monoclonal, monsoonal, morainal, motivational, multinational, national, navigational, nocturnal, nominal, noncriminal, nonprofessional, nontraditional, nutritional, obsessional, occasional, occupational, octagonal, operational, optional, organizational, original, panel, paternal, penal, personal, phenomenal, polygonal, polyvinyl, processional, professional, promotional, proportional, provisional, rational, recreational, regional, relational, renal, representational, retinal, rotational, seasonal, sectional, semifinal, seminal, sensational, sentinel, shrapnel, signal, situational, spinal, subliminal, superregional, supranational, terminal, tonal, traditional, transformational, transitional, transnational, tribunal, tunnel, unconditional, unconstitutional, unconventional, unemotional, unintentional, unprofessional, untraditional, vaginal, venal, vernal, Vinal, vinyl, virginal, vocational.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-d-e-f-l-m-n-n-t-u"
	-2 letters: fundament.
	-3 letters: annulate, flaunted.
	-4 letters: adulate, alumnae, andante, annulet, default, faulted, fenland, ladanum, lanated, landman, landmen, leadman, lunated, mandate, manteau, mantled, mudflat, mundane, tamandu, unladen, unmated, unmeant, unnamed, untamed.
	-5 letters: adnate, aflame, alated, almude, alumna, amulet, anadem, anneal, annual, dental, duenna, eluant, fanned, faunae, faunal, feudal, flamed, flamen, flaunt, fluent, flumed, fluted, funned, funnel.
	Words containing the letters "a-a-d-e-f-l-m-n-n-t-u"
	+1 letter: fundamentals.
	+2 letters: fundamentally.
	+3 letters: fundamentalism, fundamentalist.
	+4 letters: fundamentalisms, fundamentalists.
	+5 letters: fundamentalistic.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

46 75 6E 64 61 6D 65 6E 74 61 6C

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

⁼

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

..-. ..- -. -.. .- -- . -. - .- .-..

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000110 01110101 01101110 01100100 01100001 01101101 01100101 01101110 01110100 01100001 01101100

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#70 &#117 &#110 &#100 &#97 &#109 &#101 &#110 &#116 &#97 &#108

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0046 0075 006E 0064 0061 006D 0065 006E 0074 0061 006C

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
fundamental	56	feature fundamental	7
reading is fundamental	34	fundamental particle	7
fundamental theorem of calculus	20	e educação ensino fundamental infantil	7
ensino fundamental	19	baptist fellowship fundamental	7
fundamental baptist	16	fundamental basketball	7
baptist fundamental independent	16	artes de educação fundamental projetos	7
500 fundamental top	15	connecticut fundamental order	7
independent fundamental baptist church	15	fundamental quantity	6
fundamental healing massage most technique	14	de ensino fundamental portugues projeto	6
fundamental theorem of algebra	14	fundamental moral	5
attribution error fundamental	13	buddhism fundamental	5
fundamental accounting principle	12	fundamental investor	5
fundamental data	12	course cover day five fundamental hands this	5
calculo del fundamental teorema	11	algebra del fundamental teorema	5
fundamental baptist church	10	fundamental matematica	5
fundamental right	9	fundamental institute research tata	5
baptist forum fundamental	9	ensino fundamental matematica	4
arithmetic fundamental theorem	8	fundamental frequency	4
conscience declaration freedom fundamental religion right thought	8	belief fundamental islam	4
charter european fundamental right	7	fundamental metaphysics morals principle	4
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Fundamental

Definition: Fundamental

Fundamental

Adjective

Noun

Specialty Definition: Fundamental

Specialty Definition: Fundamental

Synonyms: Fundamental

Synonyms within Context: Fundamental

Base

Intrinsicality

Support

Crosswords: Fundamental

Modern Usage: Fundamental

Screenplays

Clever

Movie/TV Titles

Commercial Usage: Fundamental

Books

Periodicals

Theater & Movies

Music

High Tech

Image Slideshow: Fundamental

Illustrations:Fundamental

Photo Album: Fundamental

Familiar Quotations: Fundamental

Confucius

Sir William Blackstone

Historic Usage: Fundamental

John Locke

Marbury v. Madison

United Nations

Non-Fiction Usage: Fundamental

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

Spoken Usage: Fundamental

Dennis Miller

Speeches: Fundamental

George Washington

Abraham Lincoln

Calvin Coolidge

Harry S. Truman

Richard Nixon

Gerald Ford

Jimmy Carter

Ronald Reagan

Usage Frequency: Fundamental

Expression: Fundamental

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Fundamental

Modern Translation: Fundamental

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Esperanto

Faeroese

Finnish

French

German

Greek

Hebrew

Hungarian

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese Kanji

Japanese Katakana

Illustrations:
Fundamental