Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Freshwater |
FreshwaterAdjective1. Relating to or living in or consisting of water that is not salty; "freshwater fish"; "freshwater lakes". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "freshwater" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1813. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Geography | Naturally occurring water having a low concentration of salts, which is often acceptable as suitable for abstraction and treatment to produce drinking water. Source: European Union. (references) |
Hydrologic | Water that contains less than 1,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of dissolved solids; generally, more than 500 mg/L of dissolved solids is undesirable for drinking and many industrial uses. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Fresh water (also freshwater or fresh-water) is water that contains only minimal quantities of dissolved salts, especially sodium chloride, thus distinguishing it from sea water or brackish water. All freshwater ultimately comes from precipitation of atmospheric water vapor, reaching inland lakes, rivers, and groundwater bodies directly, or after melting of snow or ice (see hydrologic cycle).
Access to fresh water is a critical issue for the survival of many species, especially in desert areas. See water resources.
Even on a ship or island, there can be a "water shortage", which means a shortage of fresh water.
For fish it strongly matters how much dissolved sodium chloride the water they live in has. Most species cannot live in both fresh and salt water, though some species move between the two. Salt water fish have access to an abundance of salt, and try to get as much salt out of their body as possible, while trying to keep the water. Fresh water fish do the opposite: They have too much water, and too little salt.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Fresh water."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Freshwater is a national park in Queensland (Australia), 34 km north of Brisbane.
Fact sheet
See also: Protected areas of Queensland (Australia)
- Area: 94 ha
- Latitude: 27° 10' 26" S
- Longitude: 152° 58' 55" E
- Date of establishment: ?
- Managing authorities: Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service
- IUCN category: II
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Freshwater National Park."
Crosswords: Freshwater |
| English words defined with "freshwater": freshwater bass, freshwater bream, freshwater limpet. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "freshwater": Anabaena ♦ Beggiatoaceae, Biomphalaria, Bottom Land Hardwoods, Bulinus ♦ Chromatium, Committee on the Limnology of Storage Reservoirs, Cytophaga ♦ Endrin, Esturine waters, Euglenida ♦ Fish Diseases, fishery product, freshwater bivalves, fresh-water limestone ♦ Ictaluridae, Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus, injection well ♦ limnic, Lymnaea ♦ Methanosarcina, Methanosarcina barkeri, Methoxychlor ♦ Naiadoida, naiads, National Snow and Ice Data Center ♦ Oncorhynchus ♦ reverse osmosis ♦ Snails, suckers, Synechococcus Group, Synechocystis Group ♦ transitional waters ♦ Volvocida. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "freshwater": Gourami. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Freshwater World (1974) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | A crayfish home along a Calvert County stream. Crayfish use mud balls to create towers over their holes along freshwater streams. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Pickerel weed (Pondeteria cordata) marsh in the Patuxent River. Found in freshwater tidal marshes, it is a source of food for deer. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Currents and Temperature - Atlantic waters enter the Mediterranean through the Straits of Gibraltar and flow east along the North African coast, becoming more saline as evaporation exceeds freshwater inflows. Thus, the Mediterranean is mor e saline than the Atlantic. Strong temperature, salinity, and available nutrien t gradients lead to high biodiversity reflected by regional faunal differences. Credit: Fisheries. |  | Army Creek Pond a freshwater pond about 1 mile upstream from the tide gate/water control structure. A rip rap dam creates the lake, the Army Creek Landfill is on the right through the trees. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Woodstreet Bridge, Achushnet, MA. This shows the upper estuary and the start of the freshwater river. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | ACE Basin National Estuarine Research Reserve. A freshwater pond with large water lilies on Mary's Island. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | North Inlet - Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. River otters can be seen frolicking in salt marsh creeks as well as the freshwater rivers of South Carolina. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |  | Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Research Vessel HIODON. This vessel was used in inland studies of freshwater reservoirs, in particular Oahe Reservoir on the Missouri River. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | Figure 72. Brouardel surface sampler. This instrument was designed to obtain a sample of the top layers of sediment with the overlying water. A forerunner of this instrument was the surface mud sampler built for limnological studies by Bernard M. Jenkins of the Freshwater Biological Association. This instrument was built by Jean Comelli and tested in 1954 on the EIDER. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Traversing the man-made freshwater canal. Credit: Small World. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "African Fishing Boats 2" by Luke Wertz Commentary: "These giant wooden boats will be filled up (nealy to the top) with 'daga' (a type of freshwater mino)." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Asia and the Indian subcontinent, especially in areas where humans raise pigs and consume freshwater plants. (references) | |
Diphyllobothriasis occurs in areas where lakes and rivers coexist with human consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater fish. Such areas are found in the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, newly independent states of the former Soviet Union (NIS), North America, Asia), and in Uganda and Chile. (references) | ||
Economic History | Dominica | Nevertheless, Dominica's high, rugged mountains, rainforests, freshwater lakes, hot springs, waterfalls, and diving spots make it an attractive destination. (references) |
Travel | Ghana | It is unsafe to swim in freshwater streams and lagoons. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Freshwater" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 62.58% of the time. "Freshwater" is used about 326 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 62.58% | 204 | 21,327 |
| Adjective (comparative) | 21.47% | 70 | 39,981 |
| Noun (singular) | 9.2% | 30 | 63,341 |
| Noun (proper) | 6.75% | 22 | 74,468 |
| Total | 100.00% | 326 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "freshwater" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Freshwater | Last name | 400 | 19,191 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "freshwater": freshwater bass ♦ Freshwater Bay ♦ freshwater bivalves ♦ freshwater bream ♦ freshwater clam ♦ freshwater cordgrass ♦ freshwater eel ♦ freshwater fish ♦ freshwater limpet ♦ freshwater mussel ♦ freshwater mussels ♦ freshwater snails. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "freshwater": freshwater-logged. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "freshwater"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | i ujërave të ëmbla. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | сладководен (limnetic). (various references) | |
Chinese | 淡水. (various references) | |
Czech | sladkovodní. (various references) | |
Danish | ferskvand (fresh water). (various references) | |
Dutch | zoet water (fresh water). (various references) | |
Finnish | makea vesi. (various references) | |
French | eau douce (fresh water). (various references) | |
German | süßwasser (fresh water). (various references) | |
Greek | γλυκό νερό (fresh water), γλυκά ύδατα. (various references) | |
Hungarian | édesvízi (limnetic), tapasztalatlan (callow, incognizant, inexperienced, unacquainted, unexperienced, unfledged, unimproved, unpractised, unseasoned, verdant). (various references) | |
Italian | d'acqua dolce, acqua dolce (soft water). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 緑虫 (freshwater flagellate), 淡湖 (freshwater lake), 淡水魚 (freshwater fish), 淡水湖 (freshwater lake), 川魚料理 (freshwater fish cuisine), 川魚 (freshwater fish, river fish). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | たんすいぎょ (freshwater fish), たんすいこ (freshwater lake), たんこ (freshwater lake), かわざかな (freshwater fish, river fish), かわうおりょうり (freshwater fish cuisine), かわうお (freshwater fish, river fish), みどりむし (freshwater flagellate). (various references) | |
Korean | 민물. (various references) | |
Manx | awiney (of a river). (various references) | |
Norwegian | ferskvann. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | eshwaterfray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | água doce (fresh water, soft water, sweet water). (various references) | |
Russian | пресноводный (fresh-water, land-locked, limnetic, sweetwater). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sveža voda, slatkovodni (limnetic), slatkovodan. (various references) | |
Spanish | agua dulce (fresh water). (various references) | |
Swedish | färskvatten (fresh water, soft water, sweet water). (various references) | |
Turkish | tatlı suda yaşayan, tatlı su (fresh water, sweet water), taşra (back country, backwoods, boondocks, bush league, country, jerkwater, jerkwater town, outback, provincial, the provinces, upcountry, upstate), denize alışkın olmayan. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | ít người biết tới.... (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | a-dug. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "freshwater": freshwaters. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "freshwater" (pronounced fre"shwô'ter) |
| 4 | -w ô' t er | backwater, breakwater, deepwater, floodwater, headwater, rainwater, Tidewater, underwater, wastewater. |
| 3 | -ô' t er | granddaughter, manslaughter, stepdaughter. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-f-h-r-r-s-t-w" | |
-2 letters: feathers, ferrates, waterers, weathers, wreathes. | |
-3 letters: aethers, afreets, farther, fathers, fearers, feaster, feather, ferrate, ferrets, fraters, fresher, freshet, fretsaw, hafters, hearers, heaters, hefters, rafters, refresh, rehears, reheats, retears, serrate, shearer, strafer, strewer, swather, swearer, sweater, tearers, terefah, thawers, wafters, waterer, wearers, weather, wethers, whereas, whereat, wreathe, wreaths, wrester. | |
-4 letters: aether, afreet, afresh, afters. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-f-h-r-r-s-t-w" | |
+1 letter: freshwaters. | |
+3 letters: flamethrowers, weatherproofs. | |
+4 letters: thenceforwards. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Names: Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
