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Definition: Extinction |
ExtinctionNoun1. No longer in existence; "the extinction of a species". 2. No longer active; extinguished; "the extinction of the volcano". 3. The reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiation. 4. Complete annihilation; "they think a meteor cause the extinction of the dinosaurs". 5. A learning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulus. 6. The act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning; "the extinction of the lights". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "extinction" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1651. (references) |
Etymology: Extinction \Ex*tinc"tion\, noun. [Latin expression extinctio, exstinction: compare to the French expression extinction.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Satire | EXTINCTION, n. The raw material out of which theology created the future state. F. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Aerospace | The attenuation of light; that is, the reduction of illuminance of a collimated beam of light as the light passes through a medium wherein absorption and scattering occur. (references) |
Avian | (1) the complete disappearance of a species from the earth (Miller 1991:A5); (2) the total disappearance of a species from an island (this does not preclude later recolonization) (MacArthur and Wilson 1967:187) (cf Extirpation, Local extinction). (references) |
Environment | The attenuation of light due to scattering and absorption as it passes through a medium. (references) |
Medicine | Result of the brain's controlling the fear response rather than the elimination of the emotional memory. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | In polarized-light microscopy with crossed polars and an anisotropic mineral in the light train, when the two electric vectors (permitted light or vibration directions) of a randomly oriented crystal are each parallel to those of the polars, no light is transmitted and the crystal is at extinction. Isotropic crystals and anisotropic crystals viewed parallel to an optic axis remain extinct upon stage rotation, while randomly oriented anisotropic crystals go extinct four times upon stage rotation of 360 degrees . CF:anisotropy; extinction angle; extinction direction; inclined extinction; optic axis; parallel extinction;undulatory extinction. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In biology and ecology, extinction is the disappearance of a species or group of species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species.In species which reproduce sexually, extinction of a species is generally inevitable when there is only one individual of that species left, or only individuals of a single sex.
Extinction is not an unusual event in geological time -- species are created by speciation, and disappear through extinction.
Mass extinctions
There have been periodic mass extinctions, in which many species have disappeared in a relatively short period of geological time. These are covered in more detail in the article on extinction events.
The most recent of these, the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period, is best known for having wiped out the dinosaurs.
Some also believe that we are currently in a period of mass extinction right now, the Holocene extinction event. While there is no room to doubt that human activity has increased the rate of species extinction worldwide, however, the exact extent of anthropogenic extinction remains controversal.
See also:
- biodiversity
- speciation
- The Skeptical Environmentalist
- List of extinct animals
External links
- Univ. of Arizona lecture on extinction
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/darwin/exfiles/
- A mathematical model for mass extinction
- Mass Extinction Underway
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Extinction."
Synonyms: ExtinctionSynonyms: defunctness (n), experimental extinction (n), extermination (n), extinguishing (n), quenching (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Death | End of life ., cessation of life ., loss of life, extinction of life, ebb of life . |
Destruction | Extinction, annihilation; destruction of life; knock-down blow; doom, crack of doom. |
End | Consummation, denouement; finish; (completion); fate; doom, doomsday; crack of doom, day of Judgment, dies irae, fall of the curtain; goal, destination; limit, determination; expiration, expiry, extinction, extermination; death; end of all things; finality; eschatology. |
Inexistence | Annihilation; extinction; (destruction); extinguishment, extirpation, Nirvana, obliteration. |
Obliteration | Noun: obliteration; erasure, rasure; cancel, cancellation; circumduction; deletion, blot; tabula rasa; effacement, extinction. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | EOE: Eve of Extinction (2002) Saving the Endangered Species California Condor: Edge of Extinction (2001) On Avoiding Extinction (1997) Edge of Extinction (1989) Extinction of the Dinosaurs (1977) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Hart-Miller Island, once two islands that nearly eroded into extinction, are now one. They are being regenerated and enlarged with dredge spoils from Baltimore Harbor. Credit: America's Coastlines. | ![]() | North Inlet - Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. The eastern brown pelican has made a remarkable comeback after facing near extinction in the 60's due to the effects of pesticides. Still classified as threatened in South Carolina, pelicans nest on remote beaches and feed in the estuaries and nearshore coastal areas. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
![]() | What a movie fan has to listen to : Mr. and Mrs. Highbrow are bored to extinction by the movies ... Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Play | Caption |
| Doom; annihilation; demise; destruction; dissolution; dissolution; expiration; extermination; extinction; finish; passing; ruin; ruination; final; end; . | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Marcus T. Cicero | That last day does not bring extinction to us, but change of place. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | It compels all nations, on pain of extinction, to adopt the bourgeois mode of production; it compels them to introduce what it calls civilisation into their midst, i.e., to become bourgeois themselves. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | From that last gleam onward, there was complete extinction. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Relapse Prevention Package (1993). Examines two effective relapse prevention models, the Recovery Training and Self-Help (RTSH) program and the Cue Extinction model. (references) | |
Business | In order to comply with the captioned regulation, a number of companies would need to merge to survive or face extinction. (references) | |
With the reform of Chinese government administrative functions, most industrial ministries have been downsized into bureaus, and many face eventual extinction after three years. (references) | ||
Indigenous People | Guatemala | The culture of another very small ethnic group, the Xinca of southeastern Guatemala, was also in danger of extinction. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | To civilize them, and even to prevent their extinction, it seems to be indispensable that their independence as communities should cease, and that the control of the United States over them should be complete and undisputed. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | The debt which had been contracted under the credit sales had become unwieldy, and its extinction was alike advantageous to the purchaser and to the public. |
Herbert C. Hoover | 1929-1933 | We wish to advance the reign of justice and reason toward the extinction of force. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Extinction" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.82% of the time. "Extinction" is used about 553 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.82% | 552 | 11,288 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.18% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 553 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "extinction": angle of extinction ♦ experimental extinction ♦ Extinction (Psychology) ♦ extinction angle ♦ extinction of life ♦ extinction using foam ♦ extinction using gas ♦ extinction using vapour ♦ final extinction. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "extinction": near-extinction, self-extinction. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "extinction"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | zhdukje (abolition, disappearance, evanescence, evaporation, exit, liquidation, obliteration, passing), shuarje (cancellation, effacement, erasure, evanescence, expurgation, obliteration, quenching, shutdown, suppression, wane, withering), shkrirje (amalgamation, coalescence, consolidation, creep, fusion, integration, melt, melting, merger, smelt, tie up, welding), fikje (damping, shutdown, tripping). (various references) | |
Arabic | فناء إندثار (annihilation, evanescence), همود (dormancy, inaction, inertia, inertness, subsidence), خمود (abatement, inaction, lull, subsidence), إنقراض, إندراس, إطفاء (fire extinguishing), إخماد (deactivation, suppression). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | угасяване, загасяване, заглъхване, потушаване (quenching, suppression), погасяване (acquittal, liquidation, paying up, quenching, sinking), погашение (amortization), измиране. (various references) | |
Chinese | 绝种 (Extinct). (various references) | |
Czech | zánik (death, destruction), vyhynutí, vyhasnutí, uhašení. (various references) | |
Danish | extinktion, extinction, ekstinktion (absorbance), udviskning (blurring), svækkelse (impairment), slukning (black-out, blanking, quenching, suppression, turn-off), afsvækkelse, adsorbans, absorbans (absorbance). (various references) | |
Dutch | extinctie, exstinctio, uitdoving, uitdoven (extinguish, put out). (various references) | |
Finnish | sukupuutto, sammutus (extinguishing, fire fighting, putting out). (various references) | |
French | extinction. (various references) | |
German | Extinktion, Exstinktion, vernichtung (annihilation, destruction, demolishment), Tilgung (acquittance, deletion, repayment, acquittances, amortization, redemption), Löschen (erase, erasure, delete, clear, pay off, quench, redeem, slake, zap), Flammabriß, Brennschluß, aussterben (die out). (various references) | |
Greek | εξάλειψη (elimination, deletion, erasure). (various references) | |
Hebrew | כליון (annihilation, destruction, ruin, tabes), כביה, כבוי (extinct, extinguished, extinguishing), הכחדה (annihilation, obliteration). (various references) | |
Hungarian | kioltás (quenching), kihalás (necrosis). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pemadaman. (various references) | |
Italian | estinzione (lapse, liquidation, quietus), estinguere (extinguish). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 絶滅 (destruction). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ぜつめつ (destruction), しめつ (annihilation, destruction), しょうとう (putting outthe light, short sword, small knife, small political party, the wind through pine trees), いんめつ (destruction, suppression), はいぜつ (abolition). (various references) | |
Korean | 멸종. (various references) | |
Manx | mooghey (blank off, blot out, blow out, choking, damp, drown, dull, expire, extinguish, gulp back, hold back, hush up, jam, quench, shut off, stamp out, stifle, suppress, switch off, turn off), baase (bereavement, capital punishment, death), anvioys (inanimation, inertness, nonentity). (various references) | |
Norwegian | utslettelse, slokking. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | extinctionay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | extinção (quenching). (various references) | |
Romanian | extincţie, stingere (death, disappearance, extinguishing, extinguishment, retreat). (various references) | |
Russian | угасание, гашение (blanking, damping, quenching), вымирание (race-suicide), прекращение (cessation, discontinuation), потухание. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | ugašenost, izumiranje. (various references) | |
Spanish | extinción (quenching). (various references) | |
Swedish | släckning (quenching). (various references) | |
Thai | การสูญพันธุ์. (various references) | |
Turkish | yok olma (disappearance, dissolution, evanescence), yok etme (annihilation, disposal, effacement, elimination, eradication, extermination, obliteration, tabula rasa), sönme, söndürme (attenuation, extinguishing, putting out, quenching), nesli tükenme, imha (annihilation, demolition, destruction, extermination, extirpation), feshetme (abolishing, abolition, dissolubility, dissolution, recall). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | гасіння (quench, quenching), вимирання, затухання (attenuation, decrement, fading, waning). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự tiêu huỷ (annihilation, consumption), sự làm tan vỡ, sự dập tắt (extinguishment). (various references) | |
Welsh | diffoddiad (quenching). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | evulsione, interitu, interitum, interitus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "extinction": extinctions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Extinction" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: extenstion, extention, extintion. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "extinction" (pronounced iksti"ngkshun or iksti"ngshun) |
| 8 | -s t i" ng k sh u n | distinction. |
| 5 | -ng k sh u n | compunction, conjunction, dysfunction, function, injunction, junction, malfunction, sanction. |
| 4 | -k sh u n | faction, fiction, abstraction, abduction, action, addiction, advection, affection, affliction, attraction, auction, benediction, circumspection, collection, complexion, concoction, conduction, confection, connection, constriction, construction, contraction, contradiction, convection, conviction, correction, crucifixion, deconstruction, deduction, defection, depiction, dereliction, destruction, detection, diction, diffraction, direction, disaffection, disconnection, disinfection, dissatisfaction, dissection, distraction, ejection, election, erection, eviction, exaction, extraction, flexion, fraction, friction, imperfection, inaction, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, injection, inspection, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intersection, introduction, introspection, jurisdiction, liposuction, liquefaction, midsection, nonfiction, objection, obstruction, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, perfection, prediction, predilection, preelection, production, projection, protection, reaction, recollection, reconstruction, redirection, reduction, reelection, reflection, reinspection, reintroduction, rejection, reproduction, restriction, resurrection, retraction, satisfaction, section, seduction, selection, subsection, subtraction, suction, traction, transaction, transection. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, absorption, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, activation, adaptation, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoption, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attribution, attrition, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, confabulation, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraption, contribution, contrition, convention, conversation, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, dietitian, differentiation, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, discoloration, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distortion, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, edition, education, egyptian, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erudition, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extortion, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, freshen, fruition, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, interception, intercession, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, precondition, predestination, predisposition, preemption, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redemption, redistribution, reeducation, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reintegration, reinterpretation, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, resumption, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, secession, secretion, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subscription, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, suburbanization, succession, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, tradition, transcription, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoption, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, dietitian, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, edition, education, egyptian, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, erudition, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extortion, extraction, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, fruition, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, precondition, predestination, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resumption, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subscription, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-i-i-n-n-o-t-t-x" | |
-2 letters: nicotine. | |
-3 letters: coniine, content, context, exciton, extinct, nicotin, tonetic, tontine. | |
-4 letters: conine, exonic, exotic, incite, intent, intine, intone, nocent, noetic, notice, otitic, toxine. | |
-5 letters: cento, conin, conte, inion, ionic, niton, nixie, nonce, nonet, octet, ontic, tenon, tinct, tonic, tonne, toxic, toxin, xenic, xenon. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-i-i-n-n-o-t-t-x" | |
+1 letter: extinctions. | |
+5 letters: contextualizing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |

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