Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Exclude |
ExcludeVerb1. Prevent from being included or considered or accepted; "The bad results were excluded from the report"; "Leave off the top piece". 2. Prevent from entering; shut out; "The trees were shutting out all sunlight"; "This policy excludes people who have a criminal record from entering the country". 3. Lack or fail to include; "The cost for the trip excludes food and beverages". 4. Prevent from entering; keep out; "He was barred from membership in the club". 5. Put out or expel from a place; "The child was expelled from the classroom". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "exclude" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1509. (references) |
Note: Exclude \Ex*clude"\, transitive verb. [imperative past participle Excluded; present participle verb or noun Excluding.]. (references) |
Synonyms: ExcludeSynonyms: bar (v), boot out (v), chuck out (v), debar (v), eject (v), except (v), expel (v), keep out (v), kick out (v), leave off (v), leave out (v), omit (v), shut (v), shut out (v), take out (v), throw out (v), turf out (v), turn out (v). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: admit (v), include (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Prohibition | Keep in, keep within bounds; restrain; cohibit, withhold, limit, circumscribe, clip the wings of, restrict; interdict, taboo; put under an interdiction, place under an interdiction; put under the ban, place under the ban; proscribe; exclude, shut out; shut the door, bolt the door, show the door; warn off; dash the cup from one's lips; forbid the banns. |
Rejection | Verb: reject; set aside, lay aside; give up; decline; (refuse); exclude, except; pluck, spin; cast. |
Seclusion Exclusion | Cut, cut dead; refuse to associate with, refuse to acknowledge; look cool upon, turn one's back upon, shut the door upon; repel, blackball, excommunicate, exclude, exile, expatriate; banish, outlaw, maroon, ostracize, proscribe, cut off from, send to Coventry, keep at arm's length, draw a cordon round. |
Simpleness | Sift, winnow, bolt, eliminate; exclude, get rid of; clear; purify; (clean); disentangle; (disjoin). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | ![]() | Big Spring Creek on Little Eightmile Ranch, two miles of the creek were fenced to exclude livestock and protect the riparian habitat. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Attention"NO GUNS"" by Karoly Feher Commentary: "At the NATO bases there are several pubs too for every nation. You can drink after 18.00. But you may not carry your weapon to the area, to exclude drunken soldiers shooting to each other down because of -for example- nacionalist arguments." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Johnson | Bashfulness may sometimes exclude pleasure, but seldom opens any avenue to sorrow or remorse. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | But because no political society can be, nor subsist, without having in itself the power to preserve the property, and in order thereunto, punish the offences of all those of that society; there, and there only is political society, where every one of the members hath quitted this natural power, resigned it up into the hands of the community in all cases that exclude him not from appealing for protection to the law established by it. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | If the line fixed by the Principal Allied and Associated Powers is such as to exclude from East Prussia any part of the territory defined in Article 94, the renunciation of its rights by Germany in favour of Poland, as provided in Article 87 above, will extend to the territories so excluded. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | In the meteorological point of view, these cold winds had this peculiarity, that they did not exclude a strong electric tension |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | IBS usually is diagnosed after doctors exclude the presence of disease. (references) | |
Tests may be needed to exclude other conditions that have similar symptoms. (references) | ||
Neurological assessment is necessary to identify and exclude other forms of neurological disease. (references) | ||
Business | The warranty may exclude damage due to road hazards, tires and dealer installed options. (references) | |
Official statistics may exclude many female births, especially the second or third in a family. (references) | ||
In a revision to the rule, the Bank in 1993 said it would exclude from the requirement non-funded exposures, such as letters of credit and guarantees. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Cape Verde | The constitutional provision of freedom of expression was amended in 1999 to exclude using this freedom as a defense in cases involving defamation or offense to personal honor. (references) |
Belarus | After the reregistration process had begun, the authorities announced that organizations would have to alter their charters to indicate recognition of the 1996 Constitution and to exclude the words "popular" or "national" from their titles. (references) | |
Discrimination | Romania | The Senate and the Chamber of Deputies passed the ordinance during the year, but the Chamber amended it to exclude sexual orientation as a basis for discrimination, while the Senate passed it unchanged. (references) |
Economic History | Venezuela | Such tax credits are usually for five years from the date of the investment and exclude land. (references) |
Botswana | Figures cover heavy-duty equipment such as forklifts and bulldozers, but exclude dump trucks. (references) | |
Morocco | There are some cross-shareholding arrangements, but they are not tailored to exclude foreign investment. (references) | |
Human Rights | Moldova | Courts do not exclude evidence that was obtained illegally. (references) |
Georgia | Judges were reluctant to exclude evidence obtained illegally if the Procuracy objected. (references) | |
Ireland | Sessions of the SCC generally are public, but judges may exclude certain persons other than journalists. (references) | |
Minorities | Peru | Both the navy and the air force are believed widely to follow unstated policies that exclude blacks from the officer corps. (references) |
Russia | Authorities, journalists in the press, and the public have been quick to label Muslims or Muslim organizations "Wahhabists," a term that has become synonymous with "extremists." On March 11, NTV reported that the Mordovian State University had instituted a careful selection process intended to exclude potential "Wahhabis;" the university did not define the term. (references) | |
Political Economy | TURKEY | Some U.S. exporters report that a new regulation restricting import of obsolete items has been applied arbitrarily to exclude equipment which has been manufactured more than a few months prior to importation. (references) |
Political Rights | Congo | This law could be used to exclude opponents from the political process, and the threat of charges under this law may dissuade political figures that are in exile from returning to the country. (references) |
Nicaragua | However, on November 8, Daniel Ortega alleged that irregularities in vote counting reduced the number of seats that his party received in Parliament, and the Conservative Party stated that the two main parties were trying to exclude them from parliament. (references) | |
Trade | Israel | In addition, Israeli standards totally exclude many fruits on phytosanitary grounds. (references) |
Women | Cote d'Ivoire | Women's advocacy organizations continued to sponsor campaigns against forced marriage, marriage of minors, patterns of inheritance that exclude women, and other practices considered harmful to women and girls. (references) |
Worker Rights | Bulgaria | These figures exclude children performing unpaid work within the household or on a family farm. (references) |
Zimbabwe | The ZCTU stated that the definition of manager in the LRAA was overly broad and criticized the Government and private sector for using it to exclude managers from the collective bargaining process. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | Besides that, it should be repugnant to the vital principles of our Government virtually to exclude from public trusts talents and virtue unless accompanied by wealth. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Exclude" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 78.23% of the time. "Exclude" is used about 1,336 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 78.23% | 1,045 | 7,135 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 21.54% | 288 | 17,155 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.15% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (common) | 0.07% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,336 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "exclude": exclude one another ♦ exclude the public. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
exclude | 18 |
exclude xcopy | 5 |
click exclude include mouse right | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "exclude"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | uitsluit. (various references) | |
Albanian | përjashtoj (bar, cast out, count out, dispense, disqualify, drop, eliminate, except, excommunicate, expel, forbid, foreclose, oust, reject, rule out, score out, send down, weed out), lë jashtë (elide, except, leave out, miss out, omit, pretermit, shut out). (various references) | |
Arabic | منع (averting, ban, banning, bar, barring, block, debar, deny, deprive, deter, estop, forbade, forbid, forbiddance, forbidding, foreclose, hinder, hindering, hold back, immunize, inhibit, interdict, interdiction, keep from, obstruct, obstruction, obviation, preclude, prevent, preventing, prevention, prohibit, prohibition, proscription, restrain from, stop, taboo, veto, ward off, withhold), قصى (disbar, eliminate, estrange), إستثنى (except), إستبعد (eliminate, preclude, shut out), أبعد (alien, alienate, bounce, deport, distance, drive away, drive out, estrange, far, farther, hold off, oust, out of the way, outmost, preclude, relegate, send, send packing, stave off, supplant, take away, throw out, transport, ulterior, ultimate, warn off). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | отхвърлям (abnegate, avoid, cast away, cast down, challenge, decline, demur, deny, disallow, disclaim, dismiss, except, fling away, ignore, kiss off, negative, override, proscribe, rebuff, rebut, refuse, refute, renounce, repudiate, scout, set aside, throw back, throw down, throw off, throw out, toss away, toss over, vote down, wash out, wave aside), отлъчвам (dissociate, interdict, separate), не допускам (estop, shut out), изключвам (disconnect, disengage, eliminate, except, expel, foreclose, intercept, leave out, open, preclude, remove, rule out, shut off, throw out, trip, ungear). (various references) | |
Chinese | 排除 (rule out). (various references) | |
Czech | vylouèit (debar, disqualify, eliminate, except, expel, foreclose, negate, pip, preclude, remove, rule out, shut, shut off, throw out). (various references) | |
Danish | udelukke pressen og offentligheden (exclude the press and the public), udelukke fra retsforhandlingerne (exclude from the proceedings), udelukke (secrete), den faelles ordning boer udelukke enhver form for forskelsbehandling af forbrugere (the common organisation shall exclude any discrimination between consumers). (various references) | |
Dutch | uitsluiten (lock out, lock-out, protection, to exclude). (various references) | |
Esperanto | escepti (except), ekskluzivi, ekskludi. (various references) | |
Farsi | محروم کردن (Bereave, Deprive, Devest, Disappoint, Dispossess, Divest, Evacuate, Geld), مستثنی کردن , مانع شدن (Ail, Debar, Hamper, Hinder, Holdup, Impede, Inhibit, Obstruct, Obturate, Prevent, Rein, Resist, Revoke, Stop, Stymie, Suppress), راه ندادن به , بیرون نگاه داشتن از. (various references) | |
Finnish | sulkea pois (debar from, rule out), poistaa (abolish, deduct, delete, do away with, eliminate, remove, strike out, take out, withdraw, write off), jättää pois (leave off smoking, leave out, omit). (various references) | |
French | exempter (except, excuse, exempt), exclure (except, expel). (various references) | |
German | ausschließen (bar, blackball, debar, deprive, disqualify, draw out, drive out, eliminate, except, expel, express, forbid, foreclose, give utterance to, leave out, lock out, preclude, precluding, pull out, rule out, space out, suspend, to exclude, to foreclose, to space out, utter), ausnehmen (clean, clean out, dress, eviscerate, except, exempt, fleece, pull, raid, remove, shake down, take out). (various references) | |
Greek | αποκλείω (ban, blockade, cordon off, count out, debar, eliminate, foreclose, preclude, seclude, shut out). (various references) | |
Hebrew | למעט (decrease, excluding, exclusive of, lessen, reduce, slight, with the exeption of, without), למנוע הכללות, להוציא מן הכלל. (various references) | |
Hungarian | kizár (bar, disbar, disqualify, estop, foreclose, lock out, rub out, rule out, shut out, to blackball, to close off, to disbar, to disqualify, to except, to exclude, to expel, to foreclose, to keep out, to lock out, to shut out, to strangulate), kirekeszt (debar, keep out, shut out, to debar, to disbar, to eliminate, to exclude, to shut out). (various references) | |
Indonesian | melarang masuk. (various references) | |
Italian | escludere (bar, debar, disqualify, exclude one another, foreclose, leave out, rule out). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 除く (to except, to exclude, to remove), 除く (to except, to exclude, to remove), 門戸を閉ざす (to close the door to, to exclude), 無駄を省く (to exclude wastefulness), 予定から外す (to exclude from the schedule). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | のぞく (aster, to except, to exclude, to look in, to peek in, to peep in, to remove, to stick out, wild chrysanthemum), むだをはぶく (to exclude wastefulness), もんこをとざす (to close the door to, to exclude), よていからはずす (to exclude from the schedule). (various references) | |
Korean | 제하십시요. (various references) | |
Manx | jiooldey (cast off, deny, disclaim, dismiss, disown, dissent, eliminate, negate, negation, negative, refuse, reject, rejection, renouncement, repudiate, repudiation, spurn, traverse), giarrey magh (cut out, excise office, excision, punch out), faagail mooie (leave out). (various references) | |
Norwegian | utelukke. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | excludeay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | excluir (bar, bar from, bar out, barrier off, debar, delete, except, exscind, foreclose, preclude, reserve, rule out, seclude, shut off, strike out). (various references) | |
Romanian | expulza (banish, bounce, expel), exclude (bar, cut, disbar, excommunicate, expel, oust, preclude, rule out, suspend), excepta (except), ostraciza (banish, expel, ostracize). (various references) | |
Russian | исключать (bar, be exclusive of, delete, eliminate, except, expel, foreclose, gate out, oust, rule out, truncate). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | odstraniti (debar, do away, get rid of, remove), isključiti (deal out, debar, declutch, disconnect, except, preclude, proscribe, rule out, shut out, turn off, unplug). (various references) | |
Spanish | excluir (bar, cut out, debar, except, include out, keep out, preclude, reject, rule out, shut out, squeeze out). (various references) | |
Swedish | utesluta (eliminate, leave out, ostracize, preclude, preclude from, rule out, shut out). (various references) | |
Turkish | kovmak (ax, axe, banish, boot, bounce, can, cashier, cast out, chuck out, dislodge, dismiss, drive away, drive out, eject, elbow out, elbow smb. out, exile, expel, fend off, fire, get rid of, give smb. the bag, give smb. the chuck, give smb. the gate, give smb. the push, give the sack, kick out, make a clean sweep of, order away, order out, out, pack off, repulse, sack, send away, shoo, shoo away, show out, show smb. the door, show the door, turf out, turn away, turn out), içeri almamak (bar out, keep out, not to let in, shut), hariç tutmak (dispense, except), dahil etmemek (count out), dışlamak (deport, externalize), dışında tutmak (except, leave out), çıkarmak (bare, belch, blank, bring out, bruit about, deduct, delete, derive, disconnect, dislocate, dislodge, dismantle, displace, divest, doff, draw off, draw out, drive out, drop, educe, eject, elicit, eliminate, emit, enact, enucleate, evolve, excogitate, excrete, exhale, exhaust, expel, expunge, extract, extricate, extrude, exude, foot, foot up, give forth, give off, haul up, hawk, issue, let out, make out, omit, order off, order out, oust, out, pay off, present, print out, provoke, publish, pull off, put off, put out, put up, reject, remove, rest, rout out, rout up, rule out, scratch, shoot out, slip off, spew forth, spew out, spew up, spit, start, stick out, strike, strike off, strike through, strip, strip off, subtract, take, take from, take off, take out, throw off, throw out, tide over, touch off, uncase, unfix, vent, void, vomit, winkle out, wipe out, wipe up, work out, wreak). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | виключати (arrest, bar, count out, cut away, cut off, declutch, dismember, eliminate, except, expel, foreclose, open, oust, rule out, send down, shut out), виганяти (banish, boo, boot out, chase, dislodge, dispossess, eject, evict, exile, expel, oust, proscribe, put out of, send off, throw out, thrust out, turn out), вилучати (exempt, withdraw). (various references) | |
Welsh | eithrio (bar, except). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | excludant, excludere, excluditur, excludo, exclusa, exclusisti, exclusit. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Galatians Chapter 4, Verse 17 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Zhlousin umaV ou kalwV alla ekkleisai umaV qelousin ina autouV zhloute |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Aemulantur vos non bene sed excludere vos volunt ut illos aemulemini |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Thei louen not you wel, but thei wolen exclude you, that ye suen hem. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | They are gelous over you amysse. Ye they intede to exclude you that ye shuld be feruet to them warde. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | They zealously affect you, but not well; for, they would exclude you, that ye may affect them. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Their interest in you is not good; but their desire is that you may be shut out, so that you may go after them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Galatians Chapter 4, Verse 17 |
| Cebuano | ¶ Sila nagmatinagdanon kaayo kaninyo, apan dili alang sa maayong katuyoan; buot nilang kasirhan kamo sa gawas, aron kamo magmatinagdanon kanila. |
| Chinese | 那 些 人 熱 心 待 你 們 、 卻 不 是 好 意 、 是 要 離 間 〔 原 文 作 把 你 們 關 在 外 面 〕 你 們 、 叫 你 們 熱 心 待 他 們 。 |
| Croatian | Oni revnuju za vas, ne èasno, nego - odvojiti vas hoæe da onda vi za njih revnujete. |
| Danish | De ere nidkære for eder, dog ikke for det gode; men de ville udelukke eder, for at I skulle være nidkære for dem. |
| Dutch | Zij ijveren niet recht over u; maar zij willen ons uitsluiten, opdat gij over hen zoudt ijveren. |
| Finnish | Heillä on intoa teidän hyväksenne, mutta ei oikeata; vaan he tahtovat eristää teidät, että teillä olisi intoa heidän hyväksensä. |
| French | Le zèle qu`ils ont pour vous n`est pas pur, mais ils veulent vous détacher de nous, afin que vous soyez zélés pour eux. |
| German | Sie eifern um euch nicht fein; sondern sie wollen euch von mir abfällig machen, daß ihr um sie eifern sollt. |
| Hungarian | Nem szépen buzgolkodnak érettetek, sõt minket ki akarnak rekeszteni, hogy mellettök buzgolkodjatok. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Orang-orang yang lain itu dengan penuh semangat mencari kalian, tetapi maksud-maksud mereka tidak baik. Mereka hanya ingin memutuskan hubunganmu dengan kami, supaya kalian mengikuti mereka dengan penuh semangat. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Bukan dengan tulusnya orang-orang itu menghambat hati kamu dengan usahanya, melainkan hendak memalingkan kamu, supaya kamu berpaling kepada mereka itu. |
| Italian | Costoro si danno premura per voi, ma non onestamente; vogliono mettervi fuori, perché mostriate zelo per loro. |
| Maori | ¶ Ko ta ratou whaiwhai i a koutou ehara i te pai: engari e mea ana ratou kia tutakina mai koutou, kia whai ai ko koutou ki a ratou. |
| Norwegian | De legger sig efter eder med en iver som ikke er god; men de vil stenge eder ute, forat I skal være ivrige for dem. |
| Portuguese | Eles vos procuram zelosamente não com bons motivos, mas querem vos excluir, para que zelosamente os procureis a eles. |
| Rumanian | Nu cu gknd bun sknt plini de rkvnq ei pentru voi, ci vor sq vq deslipeascq de noi, ca sq fiyi plini de rkvnq fayq de ei. |
| Russian | тЕЧОХАФ РП ЧБУ ОЕЮЙУФП, Б ИПФСФ ЧБУ ПФМХЮЙФШ, ЮФПВЩ ЧЩ ТЕЧОПЧБМЙ РП ОЙИ. |
| Shuar | ¶ Chíkich yajaya taaru ti shiir awajtamainiawai tura atumin yainmaktasa aitkiarmainiatsui. Aya Winíya akantamkitiai tusa wakerutmainiawai, winia antsu shiir Enentáimtursat tusar. |
| Spanish | Ellos tienen celo por vosotros, pero no para bien; al contrario, quieren aislaros para que vosotros tengáis celo por ellos. |
| Swahili | Hao watu wengine wanawahangaikia ninyi, lakini nia zao si njema. Wanataka kuwatenganisha nami ili ninyi muwahangaikie wao. |
| Swedish | Man söker med iver att vinna eder för sig, men icke med en god iver; nej, del vilja avspärra eder från andra, för att I med så mycket större iver skolen hålla eder till dem. |
| Uma | ¶ Tauna to hantongo' tetura ria, doko' mpu'u-ra ngala' nono-ni. Tapi' patuju-ra uma-hana lompe'. Patuju-ra doko' mpogaa' -koi ngkai aku', bona nituku' -ra hante nono-ni mpu'u. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "exclude": excluded, excluder, excluders, excludes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Exclude" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Escaude, exclide, exclud, excludor, excrude, excule, exlude, sexclone. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "exclude" (pronounced ikskluw"d) |
| 4 | -k l uw" d | clued, conclude, include, preclude, seclude. |
| 3 | -l uw" d | allude, collude, delude, lewd, elude, glued, unglued. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-d-e-e-l-u-x" | |
-1 letter: deluxe. | |
-2 letters: clued, culex, deuce, educe, elude, excel, exude. | |
-3 letters: cede, clue, cued, dele, duce, duel, exec, leud, luce, lude, luxe. | |
-4 letters: cee, cel, cud, cue, dee, del, dex, due, ecu, eel, eld, led, lee, leu, lex, lux. | |
-5 letters: de, ed, el, ex, xu. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-d-e-e-l-u-x" | |
+1 letter: excluded, excluder, excludes. | |
+2 letters: excluders. | |
+3 letters: excludable, excludible, exculpated, unexcelled. | |
+5 letters: unexpectedly. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Images: Digital Art 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Bible Trace 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.