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Definition: Exchange |
ExchangeNoun1. Chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another. 2. A mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one); "they had a bitter exchange". 3. The act of changing one thing for another thing; "the was a short exchange of strokes before Connors won the point"; "Adam was promised immortality in exchange for his disobedience". 4. The act of giving something in return for something received; "deductible losses on sales or exchanges of property are allowable". 5. A workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication. 6. A workplace for buying and selling; open only to members. 7. Reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money especially the currencies of different countries: "he earns his living from the interchange of currency". 8. The act of putting one one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help. Verb1. Give to, and receive from, one another; "Would you change places with me?" "We have been exchanging letters for a year". 2. Exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; "Could you convert my dollars into pounds?" "He changed his name"; "convert centimeters into inches"; "convert holdings into shares". 3. Change over, change around, or switch over. 4. Exchange prisoners, employees, etc. 5. Exchange a penalty for a less severe one. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "exchange" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Dream Interpretation | Exchange, denotes profitable dealings in all classes of business. For a young woman to dream that she is exchanging sweethearts with her friend, indicates that she will do well to heed this as advice, as she would be happier with another. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Energy | Agreements between utilities providing forpurchase, sale and trading of power. Usually relates to capacity (kilowatts) butsometimes energy (kilowatt-hours). (Electric utility). (references) |
Finance | The organised market where transactions in securities and marketable commodities are carried out under official surveillance. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A central facility where various financial instruments are traded. The exchange is an organized, well capitalized body owned by the holders of seats. The exchange establishes the rules under which the financial instruments are traded and terms are established by the bidding process of buyers and sellers on the floor of the exchange. (references) | |
Post & Telecom | The facility housing the switching system and related equipment that provides telephone service for customers in the immediate geographical area. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In addition to its common dictionary uses the word "exchange", can have some specialized uses:It is also the name for three communities in the United States:
- Telephone exchange
- Stock exchange
- Student exchange or high school exchange
- Microsoft Exchange Server (e-mail and collaboration software)
- Exchange, Indiana
- Exchange, Pennsylvania
- Exchange, West Virginia
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Exchange."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Exchange in Braxton County, West Virginia, zip code 26619, was originally named Millburn by the owner of the mill there. When the post office was established in 1906 the first postmaster, Mrs. Samantha Duffield, suggested the new name because the stores, mill and blacksmith shop changed owners so often.More about this community can be found at http://www.wvculture.org/history/agrext/exchange.html
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Exchange, West Virginia."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A stock exchange is an organization of brokers and investment bankers which has the purpose of providing the facilities for trade of company stocks and other financial instruments--usually a central location and recordkeeping. Trade on an exchange is by members only; one is said to "have a seat" on the exchange. In Europe, stock exchanges are often called 'bourses'. The trading of stock on stock exchanges is called the stock market.
Companies have to meet the requirements of the exchange in order to have their offerings listed and traded there. To get/be/stay(?) listed on the NYSE (New York Stock Exchange), for example, a company must have issued at least a million shares of stock worth $16 mil and must have more than $2.5 million net income (1998 requirements).
Since the crash of 1929, brokers on American exchanges have had the obligation to assure an orderly and fair market by intervening when the price of a stock seems to be rising or falling too fast. See Stock market for practical discussion of what is bought and sold and how.
The NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System) is not an exchange in this sense. It is an ongoing computer record of stock quotes (current buy and sell prices) for a large number of companies. Brokers can use these quotes to guide them in filling their clients' orders.
The NASD also has a quotation system for the stocks of smaller companies, which is called the OTC(Over the Counter) Bulletin Board. A company does not have to meet very high standards to be listed there, although the NASD has since January 1999 required that listees at least file current financial information with the SEC or other regulatory agencies. (The National Quotation Bureau publishes weekly "pink sheets" of trade information about stocks of 3,600 or so companies that do not even meet the listing requirements of the OTC Bulletin Board.) Now, many of the companies listed in these secondary sources are in fact failing and some of them have been used in price-manipulating frauds. But many are sound businesses with stocks that do not trade at high enough prices or in large enough volumes to require listing on major exchanges. In the tech-stock recession of spring 2001, some computer and internet companies were delisted by the NASDAQ and added to the OTC Bulletin Board because the price of their stocks fell to pennies on the dollar. Some may be relisted in the future.
AMEX, the American Stock Exchange, is now a subsidiary of the National Association of Security Dealers. It has specialists to process orders in 1000 or so stocks and bonds and also trades what are known as options and derivatives, various sales contracts conditioned on some future value of a stock or bond. Once known as "the curb exchange," it represents a broader spectrum of American business than the NYSE because it handles the offerings of companies that do not qualify for listing on "the big board."
Derivatives, currency, and commodities--that is, agricultural products and industrial raw materials--are handled by a number of specialized exchanges.
The Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) were both founded as grain markets. The CBOT now handles heavy trading in financial futures and options including those based on United States government and agency bonds. The Chicago Board of Trade has also created a separate exchange, CBOE (Chicago Board Options Exchange) which trades in a number of options but is best known as the primary marketplace for options based on market indices such as the Dow Jones.
See also: List of stock exchanges, List of stock market indices
List of Marketing Topics List of Management Topics List of Economics Topics List of Accounting Topics List of Finance Topics List of Economists Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Stock exchange."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Note regarding usage: many of the terms in this article have conflicting UK and US usages.A telephone SWITCH is a piece of equipment that connects phone calls. It is what makes your phones calls "work" (or a good part of what makes it work, anyhow).
- central office = Exchange building in the U.S.
- telephone exchange = Exchange building in the UK, and is also the UK name for a telephone switch, and also has a technical meaning in U.S. telecoms
- telephone switch is the U.S. term, but is in increasing use in technical UK telecoms usage, to make the CO/switch/concentrator distinction clear
The term exchange can also be used to refer to an area served by a particular switch. And more narrowly, in U.S. usage can refer to the first three digits of the local number. In the past, the first two digits would map to a mnemonic exchange name, e.g. 869-1234 was TOwnsend 9-1234.
In the United States, the word exchange can also have the technical meaning of a local access and transport area under the Modification of Final Judgment (MFJ).
Historic Perspective
Prior to automation, a telephone exchange meant from one to several hundred plug boards manned by operators. Each operator sat in front of from one to three banks of 1/4" phone jacks fronted by several rows of phone cords, each of which was the local termination of a phone subscriber line. A subscriber would lift the receiver, a light near the plug would light, and the operator would switch into the circuit to ask "number please?". Depending upon the answer, the operator might plug the plug into a local jack and start the ringing cycle, or plug into a hand-off circuit to start what might be a long distance call handled by subsequent operators in another bank of boards or in another building miles away.
On March 10, 1891, Almon Strowger, an udertaker in Topeka Kansas, patented the strowger switch, a device which lead to the automation of the telephone circuit switching. While there were many extensions and adaptations of this initial patent, the one best known consists of 10 layers or banks of 10 contacts arranged in a semi-circle. When used with a dial telephone, each pair of numbers caused the shaft of the central contact "hand" to first step up a layer per digit and then swing in a contact row per digit.
These step switches were arranged in banks, beginning with a "line-finder" which detected that one of up to a hundred subscriber lines had the receiver lifted "off hook". The line finder hooked the subscriber to a "dial tone" bank to show that it was ready. The subscriber's dial pulsed at 10 pulses per second (depending on standards in particular countries).
Exchanges based on the strowger switch were challenged by crossbar technology. These phone exhanges promised faster switching and would accept pulses faster than the strowger's typical 10 pps - typically about 20 pps. The advent of tone DTMF based solid state switches cut the crossbar's takeover off before it could really get going.
A transitional technology (from pulse to DTMF) had DTMF "link finders" which converted DTMF to pulse and fed it to conventional strowger or crossbar switches. This technology was used as late as the early 1970s.
Historic Trivia
Because the switches were hard-wired together and fairly hard to re-wire (re-grade), telephone exchange buildings in many larger cities were dedicated to circuits that began with the first two or three numbers of the (in North America) standard 7 digit phone numbers. In a holdover from the days of plug-board exchanges, the exchanges were typically named with a name whose first two letters translated to the digits of the exchange's prefix on a common telephone dial. Examples: CAstle (22), TRinity (87), MUtual (68)
Because the pulses in a strowger switch exchange took time, having a phone number with lots of 8s or 9s or 0s meant it took longer to dial. The phone companies typically assigned such "high" numbers to pay phones because they were rarely dialed to.
To test the basic functioning of all of the switches in a chain, a special "test" number was reserved that consisted of all 5s (555-5555) - half-way up and in on each bank. The "555" exchange was never assigned any real numbers, which is why today's TV and movie shows use 555-xxxx numbers for their phone numbers. That way there is no possibility that a fake number from a show will actually reach someone.
Current (2003) Technologies
In U.S. and military telecommunication, a digital switch is a switch that performs time-division-multiplexed switching of digitized signals. Source: from Federal Standard 1037C and from MIL-STD-188. All switches built since the 1970s are digital, so for practical purposes this is a distinction without a difference. This article describes digital switches, including algorithms and equipment.
This article will use the terms:
Automatic telephone exchanges came into existence in the early 1900s. They were designed to replace the need for human telephone operators. Before the exchanges became automated, operators had to complete the connections required for a telephone call. Almost everywhere, operators have been replaced by computerized exchanges.
- telephone exchange for the building
- telephone switch for the switching equipment
- concentrator for the concentrator, whether or not it is co-located with the switch
An exchange automatically senses an off hook (tip) telephone condition, provides dial tone to that phone, receives the pulses or DTMF tones generated by the phone, and then completes a connection to the called phone within the same exchange or to another distant exchange.
The exchange then maintains the connection until a party hangs up, and the connection is disconnected. Additional features, such as billing equipment, may also be incorporated into the exchange.
Early exchanges used motors, shaft drives, rotating switches and relays. Some types of automatic exchanges were Strowger, All Relay, X-Y, Panel and Crossbar.
A telephone switch is the brains of an exchange. It is a device for routing calls from one telephone to another, generally as part of the public switched telephone network). They work by connecting two or more digital virtual circuits together, according to a dialed telephone number.
Digital switches encode the speech going on, in extremely minute time slices--- many per second. At each time slice, a digital representation of the tone is made. The digits are then sent to the receiving end of the line, where the reverse process occurs, to produce the sound for the receiving phone. In other words, when you use a telephone, you are generally having your voice "encoded" and then reconstructed for the person on the other end. Your voice is very slightly delayed in the process (probably by only a small fraction of one second)--- it is not "live", it is reconstructed---- delayed only minutely.
Individual local loop telephone lines are connected to a remote concentrator. In many cases, the concentrator is co-located in the same building as the switch. The interface between concentrators and telephone switches has been standardised by ETSI as the V5 protocol.
Some telephone switches do not have concentrators directly connected to them, but rather are used to connect calls between other telephone switches. Usually a complex machine (or series of them) in a central exchange building, these are referred to as "carrier-level" switches.
Most former telephone exchange buildings now house only remote concentrators for the "parent" switch, usually several kilometres away. In certain cases an concentrator may be "remote parented" on an switch hundreds of kilometres away. This is done to increase the resiliency of the network, so that even a total regional outage of the telephone system will leave some essential telephone lines working.
Telephone switches are usually owned and operated by a telephone service provider or "carrier" and located in their premises, but sometimes individual businesses or private commercial buildings will house their own switch (which may well be owned and operated by a telephone service provider still).
The switch's place in the system
Telephone switches are a small part of a large network. The most expensive thing is to rewire. Much of the modern switching fabric is actually outside the telephone exchange building.
Up to several hundred telephones attach to a remote concentrator. In the U.S., you and your neighbors share a concentrator in a little box near your houses. In Europe, the building that once contained your local Strowger telephone exchange is usually empty except for a remote concentrator -- the switching mostly occurs elsewhere.
When you pick up the phone, the concentrator produces dial tone. When you dial, it reads the tones. When you're done dialing, the concentrator's microcomputer sends the dialing data to the central switch, which allocates a time slot for the dialing phone on the wire pairs that pass through the concentrator and through the switch.
The trick is that after the central switch tells the concentrator which time slot to use, the concentrator "opens" a time-slot on the loop to a local phone. The allocated time slot on the wiring into the concentrator is used to send data from the remote telephone's microphone to the local telephone's speaker. The allocated time slot on the wiring out of the concentrator (with the same time slot number) carries data from the local microphone to the remote speaker.
So, to arrange a connection, the switch just completes the circuit between your phone and the remote phone. It interchanges the data from one to the other. Telephone "exchange" is exactly correct terminology.
Switches are used in both local central offices and in long distance centers.
Switch design
Long distance switches may use a slower, more efficient switch-allocation algorithm than central offices, because they have near 100% utilization of their input and output channels. Central offices have more than 90% of their channel capacity unused.
While traditionally, telephone switches connected physical circuits (e.g., wire pairs), modern telephone switches use a combination of space- and time-division switching. In other words, each voice channel is represented by a time slot (say 1 or 2) on a physical wire pair (A or B). In order to connect two voice channels (say A1 and B2) together, the telephone switch interchanges the information between A1 and B2. It switches both the time slot and physical connection. To do this, it exchanges data between the time slots and connections 8000 times per second, under control of digital logic that cycles through electronic lists of the current connections. Using both types of switching makes a modern switch far smaller than either a space or time switch could be by itself.
The structure of a switch is an odd number of layers of smaller, simpler subswitches, interconnected by a web of wires that goes from each subswitch, to a set of the next layer of subswitches. In most designs, a physical (space) switching layer will alternate with a time switching layer. The layers are symmetric, because every call is symmetric (there's a connection in both directions).
A space-division subswitch uses digital multiplexers controlled by a cyclic memory. This takes physical space for the wiring.
A time-division subswitch reads a complete cycle of time slots into a memory, and then writes it out in a different order, also under control of a cyclic computer memory. This causes some delay in the signal.
Switch control algorithms
The scarce resources in a telephone switch are the connections between layers of subswitches. The control logic has to allocate these connections.
The connections consist of both time slots and wires. The first thing to try is to search for a subswitch that contains the needed in and out connections. There are two design paths to go if this simple search fails.
One way is to have enough switching fabric to assure that the pairwise allocation will always succeed. This is the method usually used in central office switches, which have low utilization of their resources.
Topological sort
Another way is to have a minimal switching fabric that still can theoretically make all the connections, and reorganize the switch's connections when a new connection won't fit.
If a subswitch with the needed pair of connections can't be found, a pair of subswitches will still have the necessary in and out, because there has to be at least the same number of connections between each layer of the switch, or else the switch will not be able to complete a full set of connections.
The pair of subswitches' connections can be reorganized with a clever algorithm called a topological sort, so that all the existing connections continue, though they might migrate between the two different subswitches. This is the method usually used in long distance switches, which have high utilization of their switching fabric.
A topological sort picks two subswitches. One has a needed input connection. The other has a needed output connection. The connections of both subswitches are placed in a list that also includes the desired new connection.
In the list, the basic trick is to trace connections. Starting from some input or output, the computer traces a connection to an output, then traces the other connection at that output to an input, and so forth, until it comes to an end. Each time it traces from input to output, the connection is placed in one subswitch, and removed from the list. When it traces from output to input, the connection is placed in the other subswitch and removed from the list. To complete correctly, tracing must begin with single connection inputs and outputs, and only then trace double-ended inputs and outputs, which might form loops.
Fault tolerance
Composite switches are inherently fault-tolerant. If a subswitch fails, the controlling computer can sense it during a periodic test. The computer marks all the connections to the subswitch as "in use". This prevents new calls, and does not interrupt old calls that remain working. As calls are ended, the subswitch then becomes unused. Some time later, a technician can replace the circuit board. The next test succeeds, the connections to the repaired subswitch are marked "not in use", and the switch returns to full operation.
To prevent frustration with unsensed failures, all the connections between layers in the switch are allocated using first-in-first-out lists. That way, when a disgusted customer hangs up and redials, they will get a different set of connections and subswitches. A last-in-first-out allocation of connections might cause a continuing string of very frustrating failures.
See also:
The definition below is very technical, and a lot of it appears to be US-specific:
- Nokia
- DSL
- ISDN
- PDH
- PBX Private Branch Exchange or business-level switch
In telecommunication, a central office (C.O.) is a common carrier switching center in which trunks and local loops are terminated and switched.
Note: In the DOD, "common carrier" is called "commercial carrier." Synonyms exchange, local central office, local exchange, local office, switching center (except in DOD DSN [formerly AUTOVON] usage), switching exchange, telephone exchange. Deprecated synonym switch.
Source: from Federal Standard 1037C
External links
- Clive Feather's guide to the BT network
- Telephone Exchange Name Project
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Telephone exchange."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| EX | English | Exchange | Public Administration |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ExchangeSynonyms: central (n), substitution (n), telephone exchange (n), change (v), commute (v), convert (v), interchange (v), switch (v), switch over (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Abode | Assembly room, meetinghouse, pump room, spa, watering place; inn; hostel, hostelry; hotel, tavern, caravansary, dak bungalow, khan, hospice; public house, pub, pot house, mug house; gin mill, gin palace; bar, bar room; barrel house, cabaret, chophouse; club, clubhouse; cookshop, dive, exchange; grill room, saloon, shebeen; coffee house, eating house; canteen, restaurant, buffet, cafe, estaminet, posada; almshouse, poorhouse, townhouse. |
Barter | Verb: barter, exchange, swap, swop, truck, scorse; interchange; commutate;Verb: barter, exchange, swap, swop, truck, scorse; interchange; commutate;(substitute); compound for. |
Noun: barter, exchange, scorse, truck system; interchange. | |
Correlation | Verb: reciprocate, alternate; interchange; exchange; counterchange. |
Noun: reciprocalness; Adjective: reciprocity, reciprocation; mutuality, correlation, interdependence, interrelation, connection, link, association; interchange; exchange, barter. | |
Interchange | Verb: interchange, exchange, counterchange; bandy, transpose, shuffle, change bands, swap, permute, reciprocate, commute; give and take, return the compliment; play at puss in the corner,Verb: interchange, exchange, counterchange; bandy, transpose, shuffle, change bands, swap, permute, reciprocate, commute; give and take, return the compliment; play at puss in the corner, play at battledore and shuttlecock; retaliate; requite. |
Noun: interchange, exchange; commutation, permutation, intermutation; reciprocation, transposition, rearrangement; shuffling; alternation, reciprocity; castling; hocus-pocus. | |
Mart | Noun: mart; market, marketplace; fair, bazaar, staple, exchange, change, bourse, hall, guildhall; tollbooth, customhouse; Tattersall's. |
Transfer | Verb: transfer, convey; alienate, alien; assign; grant; (confer); consign; make over, hand over; pass, hand, transmit, negotiate; hand down; exchange;(interchange). |
Noun: transfer, conveyance, assignment, alienation, abalienation; demise, limitation; conveyancing; transmission; (transference); enfeoffment, bargain and sale, lease and release; exchange; (interchange); barter;Noun: transfer, conveyance, assignment, alienation, abalienation; demise, limitation; conveyancing; transmission; (transference); enfeoffment, bargain and sale, lease and release; exchange; (interchange); barter; substitution. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I mean essentially we are talking about fluid exchange right (A Beautiful Mind; writing credit: Akiva Goldsman) Wow. How about this: I work for you; in exchange, you teach me how to clean (L茅on; writing credit: Luc Besson) In exchange for your home and all your belongings, the Leader of this way out and wrong religion, the Leader claims he'll take believeres to the planet, Blisstonia (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) The exchange of thy love's faithful vow for mine (Romeo + Juliet; writing credit: Craig Pearce) It stand for Achmed, a charming foreign exchange student (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) | |
Lyrics | Run up to heaven doors, exchange my life for yours (Anything; performing artist: Jay-Z) And then a man called our exchange (Part-time lover; performing artist: Stevie Wonder) | |
Clever | Sleeping on the job: This is in exchange for the six hours last night when I dreamed about work! (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Rapid Exchange (2003) Exchange Student (1970) Foreign Exchange (1970) Black Exchange (1968) Fair Exchange (1962) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Front of New York Stock Exchange. Credit: CDC. |  | Dennison's Exchange and Parker House before the fire, December 1849. In: "The Annals of San Francisco". Frank Soule, John Gihon, and James Nesbit. 1855. Page 242. D. Appleton & Company, New York. F869.S3.S7 1855. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | The Fishing Vessel GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON tied up at Pier #1 of the Portland Fish Exchange. Credit: Fisheries. |  | Groundfish trawlers tied up at the Portland Fish Exchange. Credit: Fisheries. |
 | The fourth image in this series shows the size of the culvert after it was placed where the main creek intersects the road. The new culvert will help to improve salt water exchange at Sachuest Marsh. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | One of the secondary channels at Sachuest Marsh during a summer high course tide. Several months after the restoration, the marsh fully recovered. The newly dug channels in the restored marsh provide passage for small fish and allow better exchange of saline waters in the hinterland regions of the marsh. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Gen. Charles T. Robertson, commander of Air Mobility Command and commander in chief of U.S. Transportation Command, led a group of senior officers from both commands on a visit to the New York Stock Exchange Oct. 20. The purpose of the visit was to examin. |  | Tech. Sgt. Rich Lien from the Grand Forks Air Force Base, N.D., Fire Department, talks with an Air Force spouse in the Grand Forks base exchange during fire prevention week in October. Lien says "getting out in the community" is one of the impo. |
 | As the external osmotic pressure stresses the subphase, water (as well as small solutes) is exchanged across the semipermeable membrane. The free energy change connected with the water exchange is equal to the osmotic work. Credit: NICHD. |  | Former Stock Exchange (1854), Tomsk, Russia. Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Business Card Exchange" by Jay Goodman Commentary: "Business Card Exchange." | "NYSE New York Stock Exchange" by Greg Schmigel Commentary: "A shot of the NYSE New York Stock Exchange in New York City's lower Manhattan See these images and more at www.27cm.com." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Converse; background noise; gathering; party; cocktail; chat; chitchat; commune; confer; discourse; exchange; gab; parley; rap; schmoose; speak; yack; talk. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Adam Smith | The propensity to truck, barter and exchange one thing for another is common to all men, and to be found in no other race of animals. |
Baron de Montesquieu | Friendship is an arrangement by which we undertake to exchange small favors for big ones. |
Comte de Mirabeau | I would not exchange my leisure hours for all the wealth in the world. |
Edward Gibbon | My early and invincible love of reading I would not exchange for all the riches of India. |
John Mortimer | The freedom to make a fortune on the stock exchange has been made to sound more alluring than freedom of speech. |
Solon | Many evil men are rich, and good men poor, but we shall not exchange them our excellence for riches. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | And thus came in the use of money, some lasting thing that men might keep without spoiling, and that by mutual consent men would take in exchange for the truly useful, but perishable supports of life. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | It has resolved personal worth into exchange value. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Stock Exchange and Commercial Exchange Contracts. (reference) |
Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 | In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra, the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: "鈥is ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." (reference) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961 | I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people of any other generation. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Exchange this false life of thine for a true one. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A frightful exchange of metaphors was carried on between the masks and the crowd |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Each cycle is called an exchange. (references) | |
Gas exchange is the primary function of the lungs. (references) | ||
Their lungs are therefore unable to perform gas exchange. (references) | ||
Business | China also controls foreign exchange. (references) | |
Exchange houses are Egypt鈥檚 newest financial entities. (references) | ||
The dollar exchange rate is responsive to market forces. (references) | ||
Children | Nicaragua | There have been cases of adults who exchange sexual favors with street children in return for glue. (references) |
Pakistan | In rural areas, it is a traditional practice for poor parents to give children to rich landlords in exchange for money or land, according to human rights advocates. (references) | |
Ireland | The Child Trafficking and Pornography Act aims to protect children from sexual exploitation, including any exchange of information on the Internet that implies a child is available for sex. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Iran | Baha'is repeatedly have been offered relief from mistreatment in exchange for recanting their faith. (references) |
Indonesia | Forty-six families fled a Bonggo transmigration site during an exchange of fire between security forces and militant groups. (references) | |
Egypt | On June 12, the Public Prosecutor banned publication of news concerning an investigation of financial irregularities at the Cairo Stock Exchange. (references) | |
Economic History | Belarus | Training and exchange programs. (references) |
Croatia | T-bills are tradable at the Exchange. (references) | |
Hong Kong | There is no allocation of foreign exchange. (references) | |
Human Rights | Guinea | Guards often demanded bribes in exchange for letting food through to those incarcerated. (references) |
Georgia | Police reportedly approached suspects' families and offered to drop charges in exchange for a bribe. (references) | |
South Africa | A driver of one of the vehicles from which gunfire was initiated was shot and killed in the exchange. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Brazil | No progress was made in the case of mass sterilizations promoted among women of the Pataxo tribe of Bahia by Federal Deputy Dr. Roland Lavigne in exchange for votes during his 1994 electoral campaign. (references) |
Political Economy | ARGENTINA | Argentina has no exchange controls. (references) |
SWEDEN | No capital or exchange controls remain. (references) | |
Political Rights | Dominican Republic | Congress provides an open forum for the free exchange of views and debate. (references) |
Yemen | In two separate incidents in Taiz governorate on February 21, four persons were killed in the GPC-Islaah exchange of gunfire, and four security officials were wounded when a dispute over vote counting reportedly turned violent. (references) | |
Trade | Djibouti | Djibouti has no foreign exchange restrictions. (references) |
Travel | Australia | Token gift exchange is not common. (references) |
Cote D'ivoire | You may exchange funds at local banks, hotels and at the airport. (references) | |
Greece | Mailing Greek currency, foreign exchange, or checks abroad is forbidden. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Mexico | Federal and state authorities exchange information. (references) |
Namibia | Trade unions were free to exchange visits with foreign trade unions and to affiliate with international trade union organizations. (references) | |
Comoros | These children, often as young as 7 years of age, typically worked long hours as domestic servants in exchange for food and shelter. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | INFLUENCE, n. In politics, a visionary quo given in exchange for a substantial quid. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Why not exchange those boxing gloves with bags of broken glass. |
Rush Limbaugh | It's corrupt people within the system that corrupt it by taking the money in exchange for deeds. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | But it ought to be conducted without fraud, without extortion, with constant and plentiful supplies, with a ready market for the commodities of the Indians and a stated price for what they give in payment and receive in exchange. |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | Upon this general view of the subject it is obvious that there is only wanting to the fiscal prosperity of the Government the restoration of an uniform medium of exchange. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | His purpose, therefore, was not to sell his goods to the inhabitants of Florida, but to citizens of the United States, in exchange for their productions, which could not be done without a direct and palpable breach of our laws. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Official information of the exchange of ratifications in the United States reached Paris whilst the Chambers were in session. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | We have spoken about this long since and are prepared to continue to exchange views on this question with you and to find a reasonable solution. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | I also urge final action on a measure that is already passed by the House to guard against fraud and manipulation in the Nation's commodity exchange market. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | The constant expansion of our economy and exports requires a sound and stable dollar at home and reliable exchange rates around the world. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Exchange" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 93.37% of the time. "Exchange" is used about 8,515 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 93.37% | 7,951 | 1,213 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 5.89% | 501 | 12,028 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.49% | 42 | 52,864 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.25% | 21 | 76,261 |
| Total | 100.00% | 8,515 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Australia | Australian Stock Exchange Limited | Singapore | Singapore Exchange Ltd. |
| South Korea | Korea Exchange Bank | United Kingdom | Exchange FS Group PLC |
| USA | Cyber Merchants Exchange, Inc. | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "exchange": Acceptance of a bill of exchange ♦ American Stock Exchange ♦ anion exchange resin ♦ Anion Exchange Resins ♦ arbitration of exchange ♦ attended exchange ♦ Baltic exchange ♦ Baltic future exchange ♦ Baltic mercantile and shipping exchange ♦ bed load exchange reach ♦ bill of exchange ♦ business exchange ♦ business telephone exchange ♦ Cation Exchange Resins ♦ central office exchange service ♦ Chicago Mercantile Exchange ♦ close of exchange ♦ combined exchange ♦ combined local/transit exchange ♦ commercial exchange ♦ commercial Internet eXchange ♦ commodities exchange ♦ commodity exchange ♦ Commodity Exchange Incorporated New York ♦ Commodity Exchange of New York ♦ commodity futures exchange ♦ compulink Information eXchange ♦ concealed exchange ♦ corn exchange ♦ curb exchange ♦ currency exchange ♦ currency exchange house ♦ current exchange ♦ data exchange ♦ data switching exchange ♦ dependent exchange ♦ destination exchange code ♦ difference in rate of exchange ♦ discriminating satellite exchange ♦ documentary bill of exchange ♦ drawing eXchange Format ♦ dual exchange rate mechanism ♦ dynamic Data Exchange ♦ electronic exchange ♦ electronic mobile exchange ♦ Electronic Mobile Exchange 2500 ♦ employment exchange ♦ energy exchange ♦ exchange again ♦ exchange blows ♦ Exchange broker ♦ exchange brokerage ♦ exchange business ♦ exchange contract ♦ exchange council ♦ exchange currencies ♦ exchange deal ♦ exchange dealer ♦ Exchange editor ♦ exchange for ♦ exchange for physicals ♦ exchange freedom ♦ exchange glances ♦ exchange greetings ♦ exchange kernal operating system ♦ exchange member ♦ exchange network facilities for interstate access ♦ exchange nods ♦ exchange of blows ♦ exchange of commodities ♦ exchange of currency ♦ exchange of experiences ♦ exchange of flats ♦ exchange of ideas ♦ exchange of kisses ♦ exchange of notes ♦ exchange of views ♦ exchange office ♦ exchange order ♦ exchange plate ♦ exchange premium ♦ exchange rate ♦ exchange rate currency market identifier ♦ exchange rate gap ♦ exchange risk cover ♦ exchange Server ♦ exchange traded option ♦ exchange transfusion ♦ exchange value ♦ exchange views ♦ exchange voucher ♦ exchange whispers ♦ exchange words ♦ federal Information Exchange ♦ financial Information eXchange ♦ first of exchange ♦ floating exchange rate ♦ floating exchange rates ♦ Food Exchange ♦ foreign exchange ♦ foreign exchange control. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "exchange": exchange-determined, exchange-free, exchange-listed, exchange-management, exchange-rate, exchange-rates, exchange-reverse, exchange-scheme, exchange-switches, exchange-traded, exchange-transfer, exchange-value. | |
Ending with "exchange": base-exchange, ion-exchange, needle-exchange, off-exchange, on-exchange, part-exchange. | |
Containing "exchange": charge-exchange accelerator, Needle-Exchange Programs, stock-exchange manoeuvre. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "exchange"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | sentrale (power, power station). (various references) | |
Albanian | k毛mbej (change, convert, reverse). (various references) | |
Arabic | 鈥徺呝傌з娯敦 (barter, bartering, swap, truck), 鈥徺呝傌з (article, essay), 鈥徺呚ㄘж勜 (barter, swap), 鈥徺傌坟 (amputate, amputation, ax, axe, break, cease, cessation, chop off, chopping off, cross, crossing, cut, cut across, cut away, cut down, cut off, cut out, cutoff, cutting off, disconnect, discontinuance, discontinue, divide, dividing, end, fell, felling, forbid, halt, hew, hinder from, interrupt, intersect, lop, prevent from, scission, section, segment, segmentation, separate, sever, severance, slit, split, stop, sunder, suspend, suspension, tear, terminate, traverse), 鈥徺傌з娯 (bargain away, barter, give in exchange, swap, trade, trade in, truck), 鈥徹堎娰 丨賵丕賱丞, 鈥徹ㄘж (alternate, bandy, change, commutation, interchange, pass, reciprocate, reciprocation, reciprocity, swap, truck), 鈥徹地辟 賳賯賵丿, 鈥徹地辟 (absolute, chuck, count, creak, dismiss, dismissal, double, downright, earn, groan, pay, pay away, pure, put out, receive, resolve, scrape, shake, shrift, sterling, turn away, unadulterated, unalloyed, vent, withdraw), 鈥徹з勜ㄙ堌必地 (stock exchange, stock market), 鈥徹ヘ池ㄘ (change, commute, displace, replace, stand in, subrogate, substitute), 鈥徹ヘ池ㄘз (substitution), 鈥徹ㄘ (allowance, apposition, change, lieu, quid pro quo, recompense, shift, sit, substitute, supersede, switch, treadle). (various references) | |
Basque | trukatu, truka. (various references) | |
Breton | c'hemm. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | 褋屑褟薪邪 (alternation, change, interchange, relay, rotation, shift, transfer, turn, vicissitude), 褋屑械薪褟屑 (alternate, change, change off, change round, interchange, relay, shift, spell, swap, switch over to, throw, transfer), 褉邪蟹屑褟薪邪 (barter, interchange, swap, swop, trade off, truck), 褉邪蟹屑械薪褟屑 (barter, change, chop, negotiate, pick up, swap, swop, trade, trade off, truck), 褌械谢械褎芯薪薪邪 褋褌邪薪褑懈褟, 泻芯屑褍褌邪褌芯褉 (commutator, junction board), 胁邪谢褍褌薪邪 芯斜屑褟薪邪, 芯斜屑褟薪邪 (truck), 芯斜屑械薪褟屑 (barter, convert, interchange, negotiate), 芯斜屑械薪 (interchange), 薪邪 褉邪蟹屑械薪薪懈 薪邪褔邪谢邪, 蟹邪屑褟薪邪 (backup, commutation, replacement, substitution, swap), 蟹邪屑械薪褟屑 (commute, replace, substitute, supersede, trade, trade off), 斜芯褉褋邪 (change, market), 锌芯谢懈褑邪 (bill, bill of exchange, note, paper, rack, shelf, tier). (various references) | |
Catalan | canvi (change). (various references) | |
Chinese | 浜ゆ祦 (give-and-take, to alternate, to exchange), 浜ゆ崲 (EXCH, Exchanged, Exchanging, Permute, reciprocate, Reciprocated, reciprocating, SWAP, Swapped, Swapping, Switched, trade-off, Trucked, trucking), 鏇挎彌 (shift, switch), 鎻 (change). (various references) | |
Croatian | promijeniti. (various references) | |
Czech | vym矛nit si (change, swap, swop), vym矛nit (change, interchange, supersede, supplant, switch round, to exchange, trade), v媒m矛na (change, renewal, replacement, reversal, shift, swap, switch, truck), sm矛nn媒, sm矛nka (bill of exchange, draft, post-bill). (various references) | |
Danish | udveksling (gear, interchange), telefoncentral (central office, central office switch, central office switching system, CO switch, dial office, office, telephone central office, telephone exchange, urban center, urban centre), omstillingsbord (attendant's console, attendant's set, business exchange, business telephone exchange, business telephone system, office exchange, operating position, operator position, operator's console, operator's position, private branch exchange, switchboard, switchboard operator position), fondsb酶rs (stock exchange, stock market), central (central), Bytte (booty, prey), b酶rs (purse, wallet), abonnentcentral (central office, dial office, office, telephone central office, telephone exchange). (various references) | |
Dutch | centrale (power station). (various references) | |
Esperanto | inter艥an臐o, centralo (power station). (various references) | |
Estonian | vahetuskurss (exchange rate), vahetada (to exchange). (various references) | |
Faeroese | vir冒i (exchange rate, rate of exchange), veksil (bill of exchange, draft), 铆m贸ti (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon). (various references) | |
Farsi | 賲毓丕賵囟賴 (Swap), 賲亘丕丿賱賴 讴乇丿賳 (Interchange, Swap), 賲亘丕丿賱賴 (Change, Truck), 鬲爻毓蹖乇蹖丕賮鬲賳 , 鬲亘丕丿賱 , 毓賵囟 讴乇丿賳 (Alter, Change, Remodel, Swap, Vary), 氐乇丕賮蹖 , 氐乇丕賮禺丕賳賴 , 噩丕蹖 賲毓丕賲賱丕鬲 丕乇夭蹖 賵爻賴丕賲蹖 , 丕爻毓丕乇, 乇丿賵亘丿賱 丕乇夭, 亘賵乇爻 . (various references) | |
Finnish | vaihto (change, changing, interchange, replacement). (various references) | |
Flemish | wisselen (to exchange). (various references) | |
French | central (telephone exchange), 茅change. (various references) | |
French Canadian | changer (to change, to exchange), change. (various references) | |
Frisian | tsjin (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon), arbeidsburo (employment exchange, labor exchange, labour exchange). (various references) | |
Galician | canxear. (various references) | |
German | austausch (commutation, interchange, replacement, substitution, swapping, transposition), wechseln (alternate, bandy, change, change over, change round, move away, pass by, redeem, shift, substitute, swap, switch, to alternate, to bandy, to swap, turn), wechsel (about-face, allowance, alteration, alternation, bill of exchange, change, change over, changes, changing, conversion, draft, money exchange, move, redemption, rotation, substitution, swap, switch, trail used by wild animals, transfer, transformation, transition, variation), vermittlung (agency, arrangement, arranging, connection, conveying, finding, giving, imparting, insemination, instrumentality, intercession, mediation, negotiation, operator, placement, procuration, switchboard), umtauschen (change, convert, interchange, swap, to exchange, turn), tausch (about-face, alteration, barter, change, conversion, swap, switch, tradeoff, transformation), Fernsprechamt (telephone exchange), b枚rse (board, change, market, purse, stock exchange, stock market, wallet), austauschen (interchange, permute, replace, replaced, substitute, swap, to replace, transpose). (various references) | |
Greek | 蟽蠀谓维位位伪纬渭伪 (currency, foreign currency), 伪谓蟿伪位位维蟽蟽蠅 (barter, change for, commute, interchange, permute, reciprocate, swap, swop, trade, trade for), 伪谓蟿伪位位伪纬萎 (commutation, interchange, permutation, reciprocation). (various references) | |
Haitian Creole | chanje (to cash, to change, to exchange). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | kund毛r (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon). (various references) | |
Hebrew | 诪砖注专讛, 诇讛诪讬专 (change, convert, substitute), 诇讛讞诇讬祝 (alternate, change, commute, interchange, pinchhit, replace, substitute, switch, swop, trade in), 转诪讜专讛 (barter, change, permutation, recompense, substitution, value), 讞诇讬驻讬谉 (barter, change), 讞诇讜祝 (ephemeral, permutation, replacement, reverse, variation), 讛转讞诇驻讜转 (mutation), 讛讞诇讬祝, 讛讞诇驻讛 (changing, commutation, interchange, mutation, substitution, switch, swop, taking over), 讘讜专住讛 (stock exchange, stock market). (various references) | |
Hungarian | csereforgalom, csere (barter, change, interchange, replacement, substitution, swap, swapping, swop). (various references) | |
Icelandic | gengi冒 (the rate of exchange), gengi (exchange rate, rate of exchange). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pertukaran, penukaran. (various references) | |
Irish | malart谩n. (various references) | |
Italian | scambio (interchange, points, switch, trade off, tradeoffs, truck), scambiare (bandy, barter, change, confuse, interchange, mistake, mix up, swap, switch, swop), permuta (barter), centralino (switchboard), cambio (alteration, change, exchange rate, gear, I change, relief, shift, tradeoff), borsa (bag, bourse, fellowship, grant, grip, handbag, pannier, pouch, purse, sack, saddlebag, stock market). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 鐐烘浛 (money order). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | 銇嶃倞銇嬨亪 (conversion, replacement, switching, switchover), 銇涖仯銇熴亜 (conversion, reception, replacement, serving, switching, switchover, welcome), 銇嬨倧銇 (money order, rapids, shallows of a river), 銇嬨倱銇栥倱 (change, conversion), 銇嬨倱銇曘倱 (change, conversion, inactivity, joys and sorrows, leisure, quiet, sweetness and bitterness), 銇撱亞銇熴亜 (a luminous body, alternation, antibody, backspace, change, relay, relief, retreat, rise and fall, shift), 銇撱亞銇嬨倱銇嶃倗銇, 銇撱亞銇嬨倱 (around town, barter, bulky, clearing, corona, exchange of cordialities, exchange of courtesies, facing the winter, favourable impression, fine fellow, fraternization, future problems, future trouble, good feeling, good will, high official, interchange, mutual sympathy, official residence, on the street, publication, rapport, reciprocity, steel pipe, substitution, the public, the world, voluminous), 銇撱亞銈娿倕銇 (alternating current, confinement, detention, hidden genius, hold a person in custody, intercourse, intermingling, prosperity, rain dragon, rise, slipstream), 銈勩倞銇ㄣ倞 (arguing back and forth, giving and taking), 銈ㄣ偗銈广儊銈с兂銈 , 銇ㄣ倞銇层亶銇樸倗, 銇ㄣ倞銇嬨亪 (swap), 銇 (arrest, capture, degenerating, exorcism, lapsing into). (various references) | |
Korean | 甑愴櫂 (EXCH, Exchanging, SWAP, Swapping). (various references) | |
Lombard | contra (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon). (various references) | |
Luxembourgish | wiesselcours (exchange rate). (various references) | |
Malay | lawan (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon). (various references) | |
Manx | maylartey (alternate, barter, bartering, commutation, commute, interchange, reciprocate, reciprocating, reciprocation, substitution, swap, transpose, transposing), maylartane, maylartagh (barterer, commutative, exchanger, interchangeable, reciprocal, reciprocating), maylart (barter, truck, variant), coonrey (barter, commute, contract), coonree (contractual). (various references) | |
Norwegian | veksle (change, to cash, to exchange, turn), valutaveksling, utveksling (interchange), bytte (loot). (various references) | |
Papiamen | interkambio. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | exchangeay.(various references) | |
Polish | w zamian (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon), przeciw (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon), naprzeciw (across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to, opposite, upon). (various references) | |
Portuguese | troca (commutation, interchange, passage, permutation, reciprocation, shift, swap, swop, transposition), c芒mbio (cambium, change, commutation, conversion, exchange rate, money exchange, rate of exchange), permuta (give-and-take, interchange, permutation). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | troque, cambiais, c芒mbio. (various references) | |
Romanian | schimb (barter, change, compensation, I change, pair, relay, relief, return, shift, spell, substitute, swap, swop, truck). (various references) | |
Russian | 褋褌邪薪褑懈褟 (depot, station), 褋屑械薪邪 (change, pair, relay, relief, shift), 褉邪蟹屑械薪 写械薪械谐 (money changing), 褉邪蟹屑械薪 (changing), 胁褘屑械薪懈胁邪褌褜 (barter), 胁械泻褋械谢褜薪褘械 芯锌械褉邪褑懈懈, 芯斜屑械薪 (chop, interchange, metathesis, swap, swop, tradeoff, transput, truck), 屑械薪褟褌褜 (barter, change, shift, swap, swop, vary), 屑械薪芯胁芯泄, 屑械薪邪, 蟹邪屑械薪邪 (change, commutation, makeshift, replacement, stand in, substitute, substitution, supersedence, supersedure), 斜懈褉卸邪, 锌褉芯屑械薪褟褌褜. (various references) | |
Scottish | suaip (a faint resemblance, exchange of, faint resemblance), malairt (an exchange, barter, buying and selling), iomlaid (an exchange, and exchange, barter, change, exchanging). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zameniti (commute, fill in, mistake, replace, substitute, supersede, supplant, switch, switch over), za razmenu, trampiti (barter, interchange, swap, swop, truck), trampa (barter, interchange, swap, swop, trade), razmeniti (barter, commute, permute, swap, trade), razmena (commutation, interchange, permutation, swap, trade), menjati (change, decline), izmenjati (conjugate, inflect), izmena (alter, change, interchange, replacement, substitution). (various references) | |
Slovene | zamenjal, menjalni (exchanging). (various references) | |
Somali | sarrifto (to cash), sarrifayaa, beddesho, beddelan. (various references) | |
Spanish | cambio (adjustment, alteration, barter, break, change, changing, chop, conjugation, conversion, corrosion, deflection, development, deviation, dislocation, displacement, distortion, do I change, evolution, gear, interchange, part exchange, shift, small change, swap, switch, switch over, swop, the change, variety, veer), intercambio (cartel, give and take, interchange, swap, swapping, swop, trade off), central telef贸nica (telephone exchange), canjear (interchange, replace, swap, swop), cambiar (alter, back, barter, be exchanged, break, break up, change, chop, conjure, deflect, dislocate, distort, drop, interchange, shift, swap, swap around, swap over, swap round, swing, switch, swop, to exchange, transfer, turn, turn about, turn around, turn round, vary, veer), bolsa (bag, bagful, Bursa, grip, handbag, hand-bag, handgrip, holdall, market, pocket, poke, pouch, prize money, purse, sac, stock exchange, stock market). (various references) | |
Swahili | juu ya (above, across from, against, in exchange for, on, opposed to, opposite, over, upon). (various references) | |
Swedish | v盲xla (alter, alternate, bandy, change, fluctuate, kick, shift, shunt, switch, toggle, turn), utbyte (change, interchange, picking, profit, substitution, trade, yield), telefonstation (central office, dial office, office, telephone central office, telephone exchange), byte (booty, change, kill, loot, pillage, plunder, prey, quarry, spoil, swap), byta (change, get a new post, move, shift, swap, swop, trade). (various references) | |
Tagalog | palitan (exchange rate), magpapalit. (various references) | |
Turkish | kambiyo, borsa (bourse, change, market, money market, rialto, share market, stock exchange, stock market), bozdurmak (break, cash, change, encash, to exchange, turn into cash), bozma (annulment, breach, breaking, cancel, cancellation, changing, corruption, defacement, dislocation, dissolution, impairment, infraction, infringement, mutilation, obliteration, perversion, ruining, spoiling, stain, violation, vitiation), bozmak (abash, abolish, adulterate, affect, alloy, annihilate, annul, baffle, ball up, barbarize, bedevil, blemish, botch, break, break down, break off, break on, bugger, bugger up, bust, cash, change, circumvent, confound, confuse, contaminate, corrupt, cross, damage, debase, debauch, decay, declare off, deface, defile, destroy, deteriorate, disappoint, disarray, discolor, discolour, discomfit, discomfort, discompose, discountenance, dislocate, dismount, disorder, disrupt, dissolve, distort, disturb, downgrade, emasculate, embarrass, embroil, explode, fluff, foil, foul, foul up, fumble, garble, goof, goof up, gum up, Harry, impair, indispose, infect, infringe, lead astray, leaven, mangle, Mar, mess, murder, muss, mutilate, obliterate, pervert, pollute, put out, put out of action, put to shame, quash, queer, rattle, reverse, rot, ruffle, ruin, scotch, scupper, shatter, sour, spoil, stymie, taint, thwart, tousle, tumble, undo, unmake, upset, violate, vitiate, whittle away, whittle down, whittle off, wreck), de臒i艧 toku艧 (barter, permutation, swap, swop, truck), de臒i艧 toku艧 etmek (bargain, barter, change, interchange, swap, swop, traffic, truck), 莽evirmek (assemble, avert, bowl, change to, commute, convert, decline, deflect, divert, encircle, enclose, flip, flip over, hedge in, hedge round, inclose, interpret, manage, point, point on, pull, render, revert, roll, roll over, screw, slew, slew round, slue, slue round, spin, surround, switch to, translate, translate into, turn, turn into, turn on, turn over, turn to, twiddle, twirl, upturn, whip, wind, wind up, zone), de臒i艧tirmek (alter, alternate, amend, change, commute, convert, disguise, diversify, doctor, falsify, garble, inflect, interchange, intersperse, juggle with, metamorphose, modify, recast, replace, revise, shed, shift, specialize, swap, switch, switch to, swop, transmute, unmake, vary), trampa (barter, swap, swop, truck), kar艧谋l谋kl谋 al谋p verme, kar艧谋l谋kl谋 al谋p vermek, kar艧谋l谋kl谋 olarak yapma, kar艧谋l谋kl谋 olarak yapmak, santral (central, station, telephone exchange), takas (barter, clearing, Dicker, interchange, swap, swop, truck), takas etmek (barter, change, commute, Dicker, interchange, swop, trade, truck), de臒i艧tirme (alteration, changing, commutation, conversion, disguise, interchange, leavening, modification, recast, reformation, re-formation, replacement, shift, switch, trans-). (various references) | |
Turkmen | 蟹aly褞ma (pronoun), 蟹al褞yrmak (barter, confuse), 蟹al褞yk (interchange), 蟹, aly褞mak, aly褞-蟹aly褞. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | 褨薪芯蟹械屑薪邪 胁邪谢褞褌邪, 芯斜屑褨薪褞胁邪褌懈褋褟 (bandy, change, interchange, niffer, reciprocate), 芯斜屑褨薪褞胁邪褌懈 (barter, change, trade off, truck), 芯斜屑褨薪 (interchange, metathesis, reciprocation, reciprocity, swap, swop), 蟹邪屑褨薪邪 (alternate, change, commutation, makeshift, quits, substitute, substitution), 斜褨褉卸邪, 锌褉芯屑褨薪褟褌懈. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | v岷璽 trao 膽峄昳 s峄 膽峄昳 ti峄乶, s峄 trao 膽峄昳 (truck), s峄 h峄慽 膽o谩i, s峄 膽峄昳 ch谩c (barter, swap, swop, traffic), s峄 膽峄昳 (alteration, change), ngh峄 膽峄昳 ti峄乶. (various references) | |
Welsh | ffeirio (barter), ffair (fair), cyfnewidfa, cyfnewid (barter, change). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | sam. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | basilica, basilicae, basilicam, commuta, commutabit, commutabuntur, commutans, commutata, commutati, commutatio, commutatione, commutationem, commutationes, commutationibus, commutationum, commutatus, commutaverunt, commutavit, commuto, ex-, muta, mutabatur, mutaberis, mutabis, mutabit, mutabitur, mutabo, mutabunt, mutabuntur, mutans, mutant, mutantem, mutantur, mutare, mutaret, mutari, mutarit, mutasset, mutat, mutata, mutate, mutatio, mutationes, mutato, mutatoque, mutatoria, mutatum, mutatur, mutatus, mutaverit, mutaverunt, mutavit, mutent, mutet, mutetur, muto, mutor, vice, vicem, vices, vici, vicibus, vicis, vicum. (various references) |
| Middle Low German | 1100-1500 | bute. (various references) |
| Old North French | 1200-1500 | troquer. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 5, Verse 4 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Ouci menon soi emenen kai praqen en th sh exousia uphrcen ti oti eqou en th kardia sou to pragma touto ouk eyeusw anqrwpoiV alla tw qew |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nonne manens tibi manebat et venundatum in tua erat potestate quare posuisti in corde tuo hanc rem non es mentitus hominibus sed Deo |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Whethir it vnseld was not thin; and whanne it was seld, it was in thi power? Whi hast thou put this thing in thin herte? Thou hast not lied to men, but to God. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Pertayned it not vnto the only and after it was solde was not the pryce in thyne awne power? How is it that thou hast coceaved this thinge in thyne herte? Thou hast not lyed vnto men but vnto God. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | While it remained, was it not thy own? and after it was sold, was it not in thy own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thy heart? thou hast not lied to men, but to God. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | While you had it, was it not your property? and after you had given it in exchange, was it not still in your power? how has this purpose come into your mind? you have been false, not to men, but to God. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 5, Verse 4 |
| Albanian | Po t毛 mbetej e pashitur, a nuk do t毛 ngelte e jotja? Dhe ato q毛 more nga shitja a nuk ishin vall毛 n毛 dispozicionin t毛nd? Pse e shtive n毛 zem毛r k毛t毛 gj毛? Ti nuk ke g毛njyer njer毛zit, por Per毛ndin毛!''. |
| Cebuano | Sa wala pa kini ikabaligya, dili ba kini imo mang kaugalingon? Ug sa gikabaligya na kini, dili ba imo man ang pagbuot kon unsay imong buhaton sa halin niini? Naunsa ba gayud nga imo mang gilaraw kining buhata sa sulod sa imong kasingkasing? Ang imong gibakakan dili tawo kondili ang Dios." |
| Croatian | Da je ostalo neprodano, ne bi li tvoje ostalo; i jedno忙 prodano, nije li u tvojoj vlasti? Za拧to si se na takvo 拧to odlu猫io? Nisi slagao ljudima, nego Bogu!" |
| Danish | Var det ikke dit, s氓 l忙nge du ejede det, og stod ikke det, som det blev solgt for, til din R氓dighed? Hvorfor har du dog sat dig denne Gerning for i dit Hjerte? Du har ikke l酶jet for Mennesker, men for Gud." |
| Dutch | Zo het gebleven ware, bleef het niet uw, en verkocht zijnde, was het niet in uw macht? Wat is het, dat gij deze daad in uw hart hebt voorgenomen? Gij hebt den mensen niet gelogen, maar Gode. |
| Finnish | Eik枚 se myym盲t枚nn盲 ollut sinun omasi, ja eik枚 myynnin j盲lkeenkin sen hinta ollut sinun? Miksi p盲盲tit syd盲mess盲si t盲m盲n tehd盲? Et sin盲 ole valhetellut ihmisille, vaan Jumalalle." |
| French | S`il n`e没t pas 茅t茅 vendu, ne te restait-il pas? Et, apr猫s qu`il a 茅t茅 vendu, le prix n`茅tait-il pas 脿 ta disposition? Comment as-tu pu mettre en ton coeur un pareil dessein? Ce n`est pas 脿 des hommes que tu as menti, mais 脿 Dieu. |
| German | H盲ttest du ihn doch wohl m枚gen behalten, da du ihn hattest; und da er verkauft war, war es auch in deiner Gewalt. Warum hast du denn solches in deinem Herzen vorgenommen? Du hast nicht Menschen, sondern Gott gelogen. |
| Haitian Creole | Anvan ou te vann t猫 a, se pa pou ou li te ye? Apre ou te fin vann li, tout lajan an te pou ou, pa vre? Ki jan ou f猫 mete nan t猫t ou pou f猫 yon bagay konsa? Se pa moun ou bay manti non. Se Bondye ou twonpe. |
| Hungarian | Nemde megmaradva n茅ked maradt volna meg, 茅s eladva a te hatalmadban volt? Mi茅rt hogy ezt a dolgot cselekedted sz铆vedben? Nem embereknek hazudt谩l, hanem Istennek. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tanah itu engkau punya sebelum engkau menjualnya. Dan sesudah tanah itu dijual pun, uangnya masih engkau punya juga. Jadi mengapa ada maksud di dalam hatimu untuk berbuat yang seperti itu? Bukan manusia yang engkau dustai tetapi Allah!" |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Selagi belum dijual, bukankah milikmu sendiri? Dan setelah sudah terjual, bukankah harganya itu di dalam kuasamu? Apakah sebabnya engkau sudah merundingkan perbuatan ini di dalam hatimu? Bukannya engkau berdusta kepada manusia, melainkan kepada Allah." |
| Italian | Prima di venderlo, non era forse tua propriet脿 e, anche venduto, il ricavato non era sempre a tua disposizione? Perch茅 hai pensato in cuor tuo a quest'azione? Tu non hai mentito agli uomini, ma a Dio禄. |
| Maori | I te mea kahore ano i riro, he teka ianei nau ake tau mea? a ka oti te hoko tikanga? na te aha tenei mea i whakaaroa ai i roto i tou ngakau? kihai hoki koe i teka ki te tangata, engari ki te Atua. |
| Norwegian | Var den ikke din s氓 lenge du hadde den, og var den ikke i din makt da den blev solgt? Hvorfor har du satt dig denne gjerning fore i ditt hjerte? Du har ikke l酶iet for mennesker, men for Gud. |
| Portuguese | Enquanto o possu铆as, n茫o era teu? e vendido, n茫o estava o pre莽o em teu poder? Como, pois, formaste este des铆gnio em teu cora莽茫o? N茫o mentiste aos homens, mas a Deus. |
| Rumanian | Dacq n`o vindeai, nu rqmknea ea a ta? Wi, dupq ce ai vkndut -o, nu puteai sq faci ce vrei cu preyul ei? Cum s`a putut nawte un astfel de gknd kn inima ta? N`ai minyit pe oameni, ci pe Dumnezeu.`` |
| Shuar | Ent谩, nuinkia nunka 谩miniuchukait. Surukumna nu kuitcha 谩miniuchukait. Nusha, 驴urukataj tusamea tu Enenta铆mpram? Amesha aya aentsnum W谩itruachume. Antsu Yusnumsha W谩itruame" T铆miayi P铆tiur. |
| Swahili | Kabla ya kuliuza lilikuwa mali yako, na baada ya kuliuza, bado hizo fedha zilikuwa zako uzitumie utakavyo. Kwa nini basi, uliamua moyoni mwako kufanya jambo la namna hii? Hukumdanganya mtu; umemdanganya Mungu!" |
| Swedish | Detta var ju din egendom, medan du hade det kvar; och n盲r det var s氓lt, voro ju penningarna i din makt. Huru kunde du f氓 n氓got s氓dant i sinnet? Du har ljugit, icke f枚r m盲nniskor, utan f枚r Gud." |
| Uma | Kako'ia-na nupobalu' tana' tetu, iko moto-kowo pue' -na. Pai' ka'oti-na wo'o nupobalu', oli-na bate-na iko moto-kowo pue' -na. Jadi', napa-di pai' ria patuju nono-nu mpobabehi hewa tetu-e? Bela kai' toi to nupakawa'. Alata'ala-hana to nupakawa'!" |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "exchange": exchangeabilities, exchangeability, exchangeable, exchanged, exchanger, exchangers, exchanges. (additional references) | |
| |
"Exchange" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: echange, Elchaig, eschange, Etchege, exchan, Exchang, exhange. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "exchange" (pronounced ikskhā"nj) |
| 4 | -kh ā" n j | change, interchange, shortchange. |
| 3 | -ā" n j | arrange, derange, estrange, Grange, mange, prearrange, range, rearrange, strange. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-g-h-n-x" | |
-2 letters: achene, change, encage, hexane. | |
-3 letters: agene, chang, hance, hence. | |
-4 letters: ache, acne, agee, cage, cane, each, eche, exec, gaen, gane, gene, ghee, haen, hang. | |
-5 letters: ace, age, ane, axe, can, cee, eng, gae, gan, gee, gen, hae, hag, hen, hex, nae, nag, nah, nee. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-e-g-h-n-x" | |
+1 letter: exchanged, exchanger, exchanges. | |
+2 letters: exchangers. | |
+4 letters: exchangeable. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Company Usage 18. Expressions 19. Expressions: Internet 20. Translations: Modern | 21. Translations: Ancient 22. Bible Trace 23. Abbreviations 24. Acronyms | 25. Derivations 26. Rhymes 27. Anagrams 28. Bibliography |
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