Evidence

Definition: Evidence

Evidence

Noun

1. Your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief; "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling".

2. An indication that makes something evident; "his trembling was evidence of his fear".

3. (law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved.

Verb

1. Provide evidence for; stand as proof of; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication".

2. Provide evidence for; "The blood test showed that he was the father"; "Her behavior testified to her incompetence".

3. Give evidence; "he was telling on all his former colleague".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "evidence" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references)

Etymology: Evidence \Ev"i*dence\, noun. [French ['e]vidence, Latin Evidentia. See Evident.]. (references)

Finance

Food & Agriculture

Insurance

Law

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Synonyms: Evidence

Experiment

Discovery; measurement; evidence.

Crosswords: Evidence

Czech (records, register, registration, tab).

All evidence to the contrary (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin.)

That a mysterious, all-powerful God created the Universe, and then decided not to leave a single evidence of his existence (Contact; writing credit: Carl Sagan;)

: Your honor, ladies and gentlemen of the jury, this is irrefutable evidence that the defendant is guilty (Catch Me If You Can; writing credit: Frank Abagnale Jr.; Stan Redding)

And you lost a lot of evidence! (Rush Hour; writing credit: Jim Kouf)

They see it as a sign, evidence, that there is someone up there, watching over them (Signs; writing credit: M. Night Shyamalan)

Work that tip, get rid of evidence, move that brick (Saturday (Oooh! Oooh!); performing artist: Ludacris)

No evidence was found (Don't Lose My Number; performing artist: Phil collins)

History is strewn thick with evidence that a truth is not hard to kill, but a lie, well told, is immortal. (references; author: Mark Twain)

If at first you don't succeed, destroy all evidence that you tried. (references; author: unknown)

Blessed is he who, having nothing to say, refrained from giving wordy evidence of the fact. (references; author: unknown)

Inadmissible Evidence (1968)

Evidence in Concrete (1960)

Chain of Evidence (1957)

Circumstantial Evidence (1954)

Burnt Evidence (1954)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Books

• Workshop Report on Epa Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment: Use of Human Evidence (reference)

• Cataclysm: Compelling Evidence of a Cosmic Catastrophe in 9500 B. C. (reference)

• Mande-Chadic common stock : a study of phonological and lexical evidence (reference)

• Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence (reference)

• Far Above the Plain: Private Profiles and Admissible Evidence from the First Forty Years of Murree Christian School, Pakistan (reference)

  (more book examples)

Periodicals

• Clinical Evidence (reference)

• Clinical Evidence - Cd-rom (reference)

• Colorado Rules Of Evidence (reference)

• Evidence Based Mental Health (reference)

• Fisch On New York Evidence (reference)

  (more periodical examples)

Theater & Movies

• Body of Evidence (reference)

• The Inspectors 2 - A Shred of Evidence (reference)

• Ultimate UFO - The Complete Evidence (reference)

• Life on Mars? New Scientific Evidence (reference)

  (more DVD examples; more video examples)

Music

• Circumstantial Evidence (reference)

  (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

One of the many uses for the laser in medical research is as a light source to detect premalignant and malignant cells in a Pap smear. Shown here are gynecologic cells passing in a stream through the laser beam where each cell is analyzed. Abnormal-appearing cells can be sorted from the rest of the cells and later examined by a pathologist for evidence of cancer. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.

Dissected rat showing evidence of echinococcosis due to Echinococcus multilocularis in organs at 45 days. Gross pathology. Credit: CDC.

Two CDC technicians reading complement-fixation test for serological evidence of infections by suspected viruses. Credit: CDC.

Evidence for Recent Liquid Water on Mars. Credit: NASA.

Explosive Evidence. Credit: NASA.

Astronomers at the Space Telescope Science Institute have new evidence for explaining the ... Credit: NASA.

Sequence of images showing evidence for a plume near the terminator of Jupiter at the time of ... Credit: NASA.

Viking 2 image of the region around the "Inca City". Viking 2 alsoimaged the region, but no evidence of the feature was visible in this image fromorbit 225. It has been enhanced to bring out the details (noise reduced andcontrast enhanced). The resolution of the original image is 0.544 km/pixel andis centered at -81.56 degrees latitude and 69.82 degrees longitude. Reproducedfrom volume 55 of theMission to Mars: Viking Orbiter Images of Mars CD-ROM set. Credit: NASA.

On the edge of the Kalahari Desert in Namibia, sand dunes are encroaching onto once-fertile lands in the north. Healthy vegetation appears red in this image; in the center, notice the lone red dot. It is the result of a center-pivot irrigation system, evidence that at least one optimistic farmer continues to work the fields despite the approaching sand. Credit: NASA.

Station NIU during reobservation of World Longitude stations Looking for evidence of continental drift Instruments too crude to measure small earth movements Astro party of Joseph Lushene. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Such designs as these (says he) when any king harbours in his thoughts and seriously promotes, he immediately gives up all care and thought of the common-wealth; so that, according to him, the neglect of the public good is to be taken as an evidence of such design, or at least for a sufficient cause of resistance. (Second Treatise of Government)

It prescribes, directly for them, a rule of evidence not to be departed from. (reference)

"That the executive will on the 1st day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and parts of States, if any, in which the people thereof, respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State or the people thereof shall on that day be in good faith represented in the Congress of the United States by members chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such States shall have participated shall, in the absence of strong countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the people thereof are not then in rebellion against the United States." (Abraham Lincoln)

The Tribunal shall decide all questions and matters submitted upon such evidence and information as may be furnished by the parties concerned. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

When Harriet had closed her evidence, she appealed to her dear Miss Woodhouse, to say whether she had not good ground for hope

Grown men, he told himself, in flat contradiction of centuries of accumulated evidence about the way grown men behave, do not behave like this

Nevertheless, this very sentiment is an evidence that the connection, which has become an unhealthy one, should at least be severed

But it is all the same, there is the evidence.

There is no conclusive evidence of life after death

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Health

You Find Evidence of Gnawing. (references)

Even many nonsymptomatic AVMs show evidence of past bleeding. (references)

Again, there is no evidence that this diagnoses food allergy. (references)

Business

Both semiconductors and microprocessors give historical evidence of Chinese policy. (references)

The law permits incommunicado detention, but there is no evidence that it is practiced. (references)

As the basis for its decision, the chamber will summon the necessary evidence and hold a hearing. (references)

Children

Indonesia

Four persons were arrested and three babies were rescued and used as evidence. (references)

Malaysia

However, under the Evidence Act, the testimony of children is accepted only if there is corroborating evidence. (references)

Malaysia

Some judges and others have recommended that the Evidence Act be amended to accept the testimony of children and that courts implement special procedures to hear the testimony of children. (references)

Civil Liberties

Mozambique

Local media portrayed the incident as evidence of official harassment. (references)

Vietnam

They later produced cans of gasoline and gasoline-soaked clothing as evidence. (references)

Cambodia

They were released when the investigating judge dropped the case due to lack of evidence. (references)

Economic History

South Africa

CCTV is ideal for this purpose, being accepted as evidence in court. (references)

Ecuador

Dollarization has imposed a fiscal discipline not previously in evidence in Ecuador. (references)

Bulgaria

The visit was the best evidence that U.S.-Bulgarian relations have never been better. (references)

Human Rights

Morocco

However, he offered no evidence. (references)

Peru

His face and body showed evidence of torture. (references)

Germany

A fifth suspect was acquitted for lack of evidence. (references)

Indigenous People

Thailand

The new regulations ease the requirements to establish citizenship by allowing a wider range of evidence, including testimony from references, and empowering local officials to decide cases. (references)

Chile

On July 25, in Temuco between 500 and 1,000 persons protested the arraignment of indigenous people accused of illegal land seizures and the execution of a search warrant and confiscation of evidence in the offices of an indigenous activist organization. (references)

Minorities

Egypt

The lead judge cited inadequate evidence in justifying the verdicts. (references)

Political Economy

AUSTRIA

Depending on the product and the country of origin, specific evidence must be included. (references)

EGYPT

Only bona fide health and safety standards based on scientific evidence are permitted by the WTO. (references)

NIGERIA

The performance bond is discharged upon evidence of product exportation and repatriation of foreign exchange. (references)

Political Rights

Cambodia

The UNHCHR uncovered no evidence of a centrally organized campaign of violence or intimidation; most cases appeared to be the work of local officials. (references)

Senegal

Elections are held by balloting that is described officially as secret but may permit voters to leave the polling place with evidence of how they voted. (references)

Malaysia

However, de facto campaigning began long before the elections, and there is little evidence that the short official campaign period had much practical effect. (references)

Trade

Burma

Import permits may be obtained by producing evidence of export earnings. (references)

Burma

Documentation on imports must show evidence that the products are fit for human consumption. (references)

Indonesia

Ex-Im does not initiate soft loan offers without evidence of a competitor offer already having been made. (references)

Travel

Ecuador

Tourists must also provide evidence of return or onward travel. (references)

Senegal

Evidence of a vaccination for yellow fever may be required at the port of entry. (references)

Liberia

Visas: A passport and visa are required, as is evidence of yellow fever vaccination. (references)

Women

Guinea-Bissau

The law prohibits prostitution, and there was no evidence that it is a problem. (references)

Mozambique

Hospitals usually do not ascribe evidence of physical abuse to domestic violence. (references)

Cyprus

The testimony of child witnesses and experts, such as psychologists, may be used as evidence to prosecute abuses. (references)

Worker Rights

Australia

However, the available evidence suggests that these cases are not widespread. (references)

Costa Rica

Little evidence exists that employers coerce employees to perform such overtime. (references)

Kyrgyz Republic

The results of the proceedings remained unknown, although there was no evidence that the officers ever were tried. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Expressions using "evidence": a piece of evidence ♦ absence of evidence ♦ accessible evidence ♦ analogical evidence ♦ be in evidence ♦ be much in evidence ♦ bear evidence ♦ bear evidence of ♦ best evidence rule ♦ body of evidence ♦ bring evidence to ♦ call smb. in evidence ♦ circumstantial evidence ♦ cogent evidence ♦ conclusive evidence ♦ constructive evidence ♦ contravene counter evidence ♦ corroborating evidence ♦ counter evidence ♦ Crown's evidence ♦ cumulative evidence ♦ damning evidence ♦ Demurrer to evidence ♦ Direct evidence ♦ documentary evidence ♦ evidence in chief ♦ evidence of title ♦ Ex parte evidence ♦ expert evidence ♦ fresh evidence ♦ furnish evidence of ♦ give evidence ♦ give false evidence ♦ hard evidence ♦ hear evidence ♦ hearing or evidence ♦ hearsay evidence ♦ his argument was demolished by new evidence ♦ historical evidence ♦ in evidence ♦ incriminating evidence ♦ indirect evidence ♦ internal evidence ♦ King's evidence ♦ lack of evidence ♦ mark into evidence ♦ material evidence ♦ medical evidence ♦ mise en evidence ♦ not enough evidence ♦ objective evidence ♦ parol evidence ♦ parol evidence rule ♦ perjured evidence ♦ physical evidence ♦ piece of circumstantial evidence ♦ piece of evidence ♦ place into evidence ♦ presumptive evidence ♦ prima facie evidence ♦ put in evidence ♦ Queen's evidence ♦ rake up evidence ♦ rule of evidence ♦ secondary evidence ♦ securing of evidence ♦ solid evidence ♦ state's evidence ♦ submission of evidence ♦ supporting evidence ♦ suppression of evidence ♦ sworn evidence ♦ the weight of evidence ♦ to turn King's evidence ♦ to turn Queen's evidence ♦ to turn State's evidence ♦ turn King's or Queen's evidence ♦ unsupported by evidence ♦ value as evidence ♦ written evidence. Additional references.

Beginning with "evidence": Evidence-Based, Evidence-Based Medicine, evidence-conclusion, evidence-gathering, evidence-i, evidence-in-chief, evidence-taking, evidence-transcendent.

Ending with "evidence": counter-evidence.

Albanian

evidencë, tregues (denotative, denotement, directive, exponential, hand, index, indicative, indicator, indicatory, indices, Mark, narrative, pointer, symptomatic), tregoj (argue, bear, bespeak, betoken, bring out, connotate, connote, denote, designate, direct, display, establish, evince, exhibit, expose, express oneself, extend, finger, give away, indicate, infer, make out, manifest, narrate, note, point out, present, proclaim, produce, profess, prove, read, recite, relate, show, show round, spiel, spin out, tell, tell tales, yield), të dhëna (account, conferment, data, information, input, particular, record, records), shenjë (accent, aim, auspice, Beck, brand, butt, cue, denotation, denotement, earmark, ensign, exponent, fleck, foretoken, impress, index, indication, insignia, Mark, marking, obelisk, obelus, office, omen, pledge, pointer, portent, presage, prognostication, scratch, seal, sign, signal, stamp, symbol, symptom, tally, target, token, vestige, Wale, weal), provë (assay, audition, averment, demonstration, experiment, fact, fitting, flier, prill, probation, prolusion, proof, reasoning, rehearsal, run through, rush, school, seal, sign, substantiation, taste, tasting, test, touch, trial, try, try on, try out, witness), i dukshëm (apparent, appreciable, conspicuous, discernible, distinct, evident, in evidence, manifest, marked, memorable, mere, naked, notable, noticeable, observable, obvious, outward, overt, palpable, patent, perceptible, plain, pointed, prominent, rank, salient, self-explanatory, sensible, sheer, simple, speaking, substantial, telling, thorough-paced, transparent, unconcealed, unqualified, visible), fakt (consideration, datum, deed, fact, proof, reality, thing, truth), dëshmoj (bear witness, indicate, infer, testify, witness), dëshmi (attestation, bill, certificate, certification, deposition, document, licence, license, muniment, policy, proof, sign, testimonial, testimony, witness), bazë (alkali, base, bases, basis, bedrock, bottom, foundation, grassroots, ground, groundwork, juice, radix, reason, score, seminal, substratum, substructure, ultimate). (various references)

Arabic 

‏علامة (denotation, index, indication, learned, mark, marker, marking, pit, savant, scholar, score, seal, sign, smudge, stamp, symptom, tick, token, type), ‏ظهر (appear, arise, back, brighten up, bring out, come to light, declare, declassify, define, denote, develop, exercise, exhibit, express, feature, image, indicate, infer, loom, manifest, mark, note, occur, outcrop, parade, peep, play up, poke, pop up, proclaim, produce, reveal, show, show up, spring, surface, turn up, walk), ‏شهادة (attestation, certificate, certification, credentials, debenture, degree, deposition, diploma, paper-qualification, show, testification, testimonial, testimony, testiness, ticket, token, witness), ‏شهد (assist, attend, bear witness, certificate, testify, witness), ‏شاهد (attestation, behold, see, sight, telltale, text, view, witness), ‏دليل (attestation, clue, companion, directory, guide, guidebook, in evidence, index, pilot, proof, substantiation, telltale, testimonial, testimony), ‏بينة (proof, rebuttal, testimony), ‏برهن (demonstrate, establish, evince, make out, manifest, prove, reason, show, vouch), ‏برهان (argument, attestation, confirmation, proof, proofing, reasoning, substantiation, testimonial, testimony, warranty). (various references)

Bulgarian 

свидетел (attestor, bystander, eyewitness, testifier, third person, witness), служа за доказателство, факти (circs, data, information, instructions, low down, rights), очевидност (obviousness, palpability, patency), показание (indication, testification, testifying, testimony), доказвам (argue, aver, demonstrate, establish, evince, manifest, proclaim, prove, reason, show, substantiate, vindicate, witness), доказателства, данни (data, findings, information, makings, reading, record). (various references)

Chinese 

證據 (proof, testimony), 证据 (Evidentiary), 信 (letter, sign, to believe, true). (various references)

Czech

známka (grade, hallmark, note, score, stamp, token, trace, vestige), svìdectví (attestation, authority, indication, testimonial, testimony, witness), stopa (foot, footstep, imprint, lead, Mark, print, rut, scent, trace, track, trail, vestige), náznak (hint, implication, inkling, insinuation, intimation, overtones, savor, smack, suggestion, suspicion, trace, undertone), jistota (aplomb, assurance, certainty, certitude, snip, sureness, surety), dùkaz (proof, testament). (various references)

Danish

vidnesbyrd, dokumentation (descriptive document, documentary evidence, documentation, records), bevismiddel (exhibit, proof), bevismateriale, bevis (argument, plea, proof, sign, token). (various references)

Dutch

overtuigingsstuk (incriminating document), middel strekkende tot het bewijs, bewijsstuk (corpus delicti, document in proof, document in support, documentary evidence, exhibit, proof, source document, supporting documents, voucher), bewijsmiddelen, bewijsmiddel (exhibit, proof), bewijsmateriaal (exhibit, proof), bewijs (demonstration, token), aanwezigheid van een getuige. (various references)

Farsi 

ملاک (Criterion, Document, Landlord, Landowner, Lord, Proprietor), گواهی (Deposition, Testimony, Warrant), گواه (Proof, Voucher), ثابت کردن (Clinch, Freeze, Immobilize, Posit, Prover, Stable), شهادت دادن (Affirm, Attest, Testify, Voucher), شهادت (Martyrdom, Testimonial, Testimony). (various references)

Finnish

todistusaineisto, todistus (certificate, proof, school report, testimonial, testimony), todiste (proof), todistajain lausunto (testimony), osoitus (proof), ilmaus (expression, sign). (various references)

French

témoignage, preuve, attester. (various references)

German

evidenz, Beweisstück im Strafprozess (incriminating document), aussage (argument, attestation, declaration, message, opinion, predicate, predication, proposition, report, statement, testimony), Belastungsdokument (incriminating document), Belastungsmaterial (incriminating document), Beleg (document, instance, piece of evidence, proof, receipt, reference, sign, slip, token, voucher), beweis (argument, attestation, demonstration, pledge, proof, sign, testimony, token, validation), Beweismaterial (item produced in evidence), Anzeichen (augury, character, indication, manifestation, mark, omen, portent, precursor, presage, sign, symptom), beweisstück (exhibit, piece of evidence), zeugnis (attestation, certificate, character, grade, Mark, qualification, reference, report, school report, testimonial, testimony, witness), Gegenwart eines Zeugen, Hinweis (allusion, clue, comment, consideration, hint, indication, lead, piece of advice, pointer, reference, tip), material (blurb, data, makings, material, matter, ordnance, stuff), Nachweis (certificate, proof, validation, verification), stumme Zeugen (indicator), zeugen von (show), Beweismittel (exhibit, proof). (various references)

Greek 

μαρτυρία (attestation, deposition, testification, testimony, witness), απόδειξη (establishment, proof, receipt, scrip, substantiation), αποδεικτικό στοιχείο (exhibit, proof). (various references)

Hebrew 

עליל (act, deed, doing, workshop), עדות (attestation, deposition, law, precept, record, testimony), הוכחה (admonition, conviction, demonstration, proof, reproof, substantiation), ראיה (looking, seeing, sight, testimony, vision, visualization, witnesses), סמוכין (proof, reference, support). (various references)

Hungarian

bizonyíték (approbation, evidence in writing, exhibit, indication, proof, rigidity of the proof, substantiation, voucher). (various references)

Indonesian

syahadat (confession of faith, creed), persaksian (testimony), kesaksian (professing faith, testimony), fakta (data, datum, fact, particular), bukti (document, proof). (various references)

Italian

testimonianza (attestation, certificate, demonstration, deposition, diploma, proof, testimony, witness), prova (approval, attempt, bout, check, demonstration, essay, event, examination, experiment, fitting, probation, proof, rehearsal, sample, shot, sign, test, token, trial, try), dimostrazione (argument, demo, demonstration, proof, show). (various references)

Japanese Kanji 

証拠 (proof), 印 (mark, symbol). (various references)

Japanese Katakana 

しょうさ (checking against, difference in wins, examining by reference, lieutenant commander, major, proof, slight difference, verification, wing commander, witness), しょうせき (a trace, proof, saltpeter), しょうこぶっけん (an exhibit), しょうこ (appellation, designation, marshes and lakes, proof, respect for olden days), しょうげん (detailed explanation, quadrant, testimony), しるし (mark, symbol), しんしょう (a fortune, a wealthy merchant, genuine case, housekeeping, impression, narrow victory, property, wealthy person), ぶっしょう (exhibit, natural phenomenon, object, science of inanimate nature, the Buddha nature), あかし (proof), あとかた (trace, vestige), けいせき (fluorite, fluorspar, traces), じせき (achievement, assistant, associate, exploit, junior, merits, one's desk, one's seat, runner-up, self-condemnation, trace, vestige). (various references)

Korean 

기록 (Archival, record, recording). (various references)

Manx

taishbyney (argue, demonstrate, display, evince; parade, exhibit, exposure, feature, manifest, produce, production, reveal, revelation, show, show down, show off, sport), griu (booty, capture, depredation, loot, prize), feanish (deponent, testimony, witness), cowrey (attribute, badge, beacon, brand, caret, character, check, denotation, emblem, feature, gesture, hint, indication, intimation, mark, marque, motion, sign, signal, stamp, symbol, symptom, token, trace, wealth). (various references)

Norwegian

vitneutsagn, bevis. (various references)

Pig Latin

evidenceay.(various references)

Portuguese

testemunho (attestation, deposition, earnest, pledge, record, reference, testimony, witness), prova (attestation, competition, confirmation, exam, examination, experiment, investigation, proof, rehearsal, sense of taste, shew, shibboleth, show, sign, slip, taste, test, testimony, testing, token, trial, try, try-out, voucher, warrant). (various references)

Romanian

evidenţã (accounts, obviousless, openness, palpability, reality, self-evidence, visibility), semn (auspice, badge, Beck, brand, character, denotation, dint, emblem, Favor, favour, gesture, impress, index, indication, mark, note, office, portent, print, property, scar, score, scratch, seal, sign, signal, splash, spot, symbol, symptom, token, trace, track, vestige, wave), mãrturie (demonstration, proof, testimony, token, witness), justificare (apology, exculpation, excuse, justification, vindication, warrant), dovedi (accomplish, argue, attest, authenticate, aver, confirm, demonstrate, educe, establish, evince, furnish evidence of, make good, make out, manifest, overbear, prove, show, substantiate, verify, witness), dovadã (argument, certificate, demonstration, document, eduction, example, exercise, instance, Mark, patent, proof, seal, sign, token, vestige, witness), depune mãrturie (bear evidence, give evidence, testify), demonstraţie (demonstration, manifestation, parade, proof), claritate (clarity, clearness, definition, distinctness, explicitness, fairness, limpidity, lucidity, neatness, palpability, perspicuity, simplicity, tangibility, transparency), arãta (appear, bespeak, betoken, carry forth, connote, demonstrate, designate, display, evince, exhibit, lay out, look, Mark, point, point out, produce, prove, put up, read, record, reveal, rise, seem, set, show, show up, signify, teach, trot out). (various references)

Russian 

улика (clue), свидетельствовать (attest, bear testimony, bear witness, certificate, give evidence, record, testified, testify, witnessed), свидетельство (attestation, certificate, document, testimony), свидетельское показание, служить доказательством (bring in evidence), основание (account, base, bases, basis, bed, bedding, bottom, cause, establishment, foot, foundation, ground, grounding, pedestal, radices, radix, raison, reason, sole, subbase, substratum, substructure, underlay), очевидный (apparent, demonstrable, evident, indubitable, manifest, obvious, open-and-shut, ostensible, palpable, patent, self evident, self-evident, uncontested, visible), очевидность (conspicuity, obviousness, palpability, patency, plainness), подтверждение (attestation, confirmation, corroboration, endorsement, indorsation, indorsement, justification, reassurance, restatement, verification, vindication), доказательство (averment, demonstration, internal evidence, proof, prover, substantiation, vindication, witness). (various references)

Scottish

fianuis (a witness, testimony, witness). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian

evidentan, pokazivanje (indication, manifestation, pointing, showing), očiglednost (obviousness), dokazni materijal (discovery), dokazivati (testify), dokaz (argument, proof). (various references)

Spanish

evidencia (accessible evidence, blatancy, cogency, obviousness, palpability), prueba (assay, audition, correction, demonstration, endorsement, event, exam, exercise, experiment, fitting, Gage, gauge, hardship, indorsation, indorsement, offer, paper, problem, proof, proving, race, sign, test, token, trial, trouble, try out). (various references)

Swedish

bevis (argument, case, certificate, certifications, demonstration, earnest, index, proof, sign, substantation, substantiation, testimony, token, warrant, witness). (various references)