Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Enlightened |
EnlightenedAdjective1. Highly educated; having extensive information or understanding; "an enlightened public"; "knowing instructors"; "a knowledgeable critic"; "a knowledgeable audience". 2. Having knowledge and spiritual insight;. 3. Freed from illusion. 4. Having or based on relevant experience; "an educated guess"; "an enlightened electorate". Noun1. People who have been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity; "it is very familiar to the initiate". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "enlightened" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
Synonyms: EnlightenedSynonyms: disillusioned (adj), educated (adj), knowing (adj), knowledgeable (adj), learned (adj), lettered (adj), well-educated (adj), well-read (adj), initiate (n). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: unenlightened (adj), uninitiate (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Knowledge | Erudite, instructed, leaned, lettered, educated; well conned, well informed, well read, well grounded, well educated; enlightened, shrewd, savant, blue, bookish, scholastic, solid, profound, deep-read, book-learned; accomplished; (skillful); omniscient; self-taught. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Enlightened |
| English words defined with "enlightened": educated, esoteric ♦ Illuminati ♦ knowing, knowledgeable ♦ learned, lettered ♦ unenlightened ♦ well-educated, well-read. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "enlightened": AI koan ♦ Mammalia ♦ PANTALOONS, Patriotism ♦ right ♦ Some AI Koans ♦ the X that can be Y is not the true X. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I am enlightened. (Fight Club; writing credit: Jim Uhls) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Charles Sumner | The true grandeur of humanity is in moral elevation, sustained, enlightened and decorated by the intellect of man. |
Friedrich Nietzsche | Not when truth is dirty, but when it is shallow, does the enlightened man dislike to wade into its waters. |
Johnson | The errors and follies of a great genius are seldom without some radiations of understanding, by which meaner minds may be enlightened. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
So Long, and Thanks For All the Fish | Douglas Adams | He opened the bottle and wiped the top of it with the towel, which had the opposite effect to the one intended, in that the Ol' Janx Spirit instantly killed off millions of the germs which had been slowly building up quite a complex and enlightened civilization on the smellier patches of the towel |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | What enlightened this man was the heart |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Or I could refer you to Ireland, which is marked as one of the white or enlightened spots on the map. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Costa Rica | Several factors have contributed to this tendency, including enlightened government leaders, comparative prosperity, flexible class lines, educational opportunities that have created a stable middle class, and high social indicators. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | RIGHT, n. Legitimate authority to be, to do or to have; as the right to be a king, the right to do one's neighbor, the right to have measles, and the like. The first of these rights was once universally believed to be derived directly from the will of God; and this is still sometimes affirmed in partibus infidelium outside the enlightened realms of Democracy; as the well known lines of Sir Abednego Bink, following: By what right, then, do royal rulers rule? Whose is the sanction of their state and pow'r? He surely were as stubborn as a mule Who, God unwilling, could maintain an hour His uninvited session on the throne, or air His pride securely in the Presidential chair. Whatever is is so by Right Divine; Whate'er occurs, God wills it so. Good land! It were a wondrous thing if His design A fool could baffle or a rogue withstand! If so, then God, I say (intending no offence) Is guilty of contributory negligence. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Gotham Chopra | Not really. I mean I guess in some ways I am, but actually Gotham, Gotama Buddha. It's the original name of the Buddha, and it means the enlightened one, so I have a lot to live up to. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | As avenues to foreign influence in innumerable ways, such attachments are particularly alarming to the truly enlightened and independent patriot. |
John Adams | 1797-1801 | To enable me to maintain this declaration I rely, under God, with entire confidence on the firm and enlightened support of the national legislature and upon the virtue and patriotism of my fellow citizens. |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | Such is the spectacle which the deputed authorities of a nation boasting its religion and morality have not been restrained from presenting to an enlightened age. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | Experience has enlightened us on some questions of essential importance to the country. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | We have seen under the persevering and enlightened enterprise of another State the waters of our Western lakes mingle with those of the ocean. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | This joint participation in establishments interesting to humanity and beneficial to commerce is worthy of two enlightened nations, and indicates feelings which can not fail to have a happy influence upon their political relations. |
Zachary Taylor | 1849-1850 | I shall look with confidence to the enlightened patriotism of that body to adopt such measures of conciliation as may harmonize conflicting interests and tend to perpetuate that Union which should be the paramount object of our hopes and affections. |
Dwight Eisenhower | 1953-1961 | In Europe, we ask that enlightened and inspired leaders of the Western nations strive with renewed vigor to make the unity of their peoples a reality. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Enlightened" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 80.93% of the time. "Enlightened" is used about 409 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 80.93% | 331 | 15,783 |
| Lexical Verb (past participle) | 9.29% | 38 | 55,818 |
| Lexical Verb (past tense) | 7.09% | 29 | 64,444 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.2% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Noun (common) | 0.49% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 409 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "enlightened". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Lapidoth | N/A | Biblical | Enlightened |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "enlightened": less-enlightened, re-enlightened. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
enlightened | 12 |
audio design enlightened | 11 |
despot enlightened | 8 |
enlightened despotism | 7 |
dark enlightened | 7 |
enlightened leadership | 6 |
enlightened millionaire | 6 |
enlightened master | 4 |
enlightened way | 3 |
enlightened interest self | 3 |
buddha enlightened | 2 |
enlightened one | 2 |
absolutism enlightened | 2 |
despot enlightened napoleon | 2 |
child enlightened theory | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "enlightened"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | i shkolluar (educated, enlightening, lettered, literate). (various references) | |
Arabic | منور ثقافيا, مثقف (cultivated, cultured, educated, educative, informative, instructive, intellectual, learned, literate, polished, refined, scholar). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | просветен. (various references) | |
Chinese | 開明 (enlightenment, open-minded), 启迪 (Enlighten, enlightening). (various references) | |
Czech | osvícený (enlightening). (various references) | |
Finnish | valveutunut (awakened, wide-awake), valistunut. (various references) | |
French | éclairai, éclairés, éclairé, éclairâmes, éclaira. (various references) | |
German | erleuchtet (agleam, alit, enlightens, illumes, illuminated, illuminates), aufgeklärt (cleared up, undeceived). (various references) | |
Greek | δαιφωτισμένος. (various references) | |
Hebrew | משכיל (cultured, erudite, intellectual, intelligent), אור (cultured, glorious, illumined). (various references) | |
Hungarian | felvilágosult, világosan gondolkodó, tisztán látó (clear, clear-sighted, perspicacious, shrewd). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 覚者 (enlightened person), 曼陀羅 (Buddhist visual schema of the enlightened mind, mandala), 曼荼羅 (Buddhist visual schema of the enlightened mind, mandala), 昭代 (enlightened era, glorious reign), 名君 (benevolent lord, enlightened monarch, wise ruler), 先覚者 (enlightened person, leading spirit, pioneer, seer), 妙王 (enlightened one, King of occult know-how, Vidya-raja). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しょう い (commercial college, enlightened era, glorious reign), ま" ら (Buddhist visual schema of the enlightened mind, mandala), せ"かくしゃ (enlightened person, leading spirit, pioneer, seer), かくしゃ (all companies, each company, enlightened person, hotel, inn, lodging), めいく" (benevolent lord, enlightened monarch, wise ruler), みょうおう (enlightened one, King of occult know-how, Vidya-raja). (various references) | |
Korean | 계몽하". (various references) | |
Manx | toiggalagh (acute, acute keen-witted, judicious, understanding), soilshit (manifested, published, shown). (various references) | |
Norwegian | opplyst (illuminated). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | enlighteneday.(various references) | |
Portuguese | esclarecido (informed), erudito (deep-read, erudite, highbrow, learned, lettered, luminary, savant, scholar, scholarly, wise), culto (cult, cultivated, cultured, refined, service, worship). (various references) | |
Romanian | edificat (clear, persuaded), luminat (alight, illumination, lighted, lightsome, lit, luminous), lãmurit (clear, clearly, distinct, distinctly, explained, lucid), fãrã prejudecãţi (freeminded, large minded, unprejudiced). (various references) | |
Russian | просвещенный, просвещать просвещенный. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | prosvećen (educated). (various references) | |
Spanish | ilustrado (illustrated, improved, pictorial). (various references) | |
Thai | ผู้ตรัสรู้ (enlightened person). (various references) | |
Turkish | okumuş (educated, lettered, literate, read, well read), kültürlü (cultivated, cultured, intelligent, sophisticated, thoroughbred, well educated), aydınlatılmış (illuminated), aydın (cultured, educated, egghead, informed, intellectual, lettered, literate, long-haired, luminary, read, well informed, well read), açık fikirli (broad minded, hospitable). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | освічений (accomplished, cultured, educated, informed, literate, luminous), поінформований (aware, conversant, familiar, intelligenced). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | được mở mắt được giải thoát khỏi sự ngu dốt, được l m sáng tỏ, được giải thoát khỏi sự mê tín.... (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Job Chapter 33, Verse 30 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | All' errusato thn yuchn mou ek qanatou ina h zwh mou en fwti ainh auton |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ut revocet animas eorum a corruptione et inluminet luce viventium |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | That he ayeen clepe the soulis of hem fro corupcioun, and liytne in the liyt of liuende men. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | To bring back his soul from the pit, to be enlightened with the light of the living. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | To bring back his soul from the pit, to be enlightened with the light of the living. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Keeping back his soul from the underworld, so that he may see the light of life. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Job Chapter 33, Verse 30 |
| Albanian | për të shpëtuar shpirtin e tij nga gropa dhe për ta ndriçuar me dritën e jetës. |
| Cebuano | Aron sa pagpahauli sa iyang kalag gikan sa gahong, Aron siya kadan-agan sa kahayag sa mga buhi. |
| Chinese | 為 要 從 深 坑 救 回 人 的 靈 魂 、 使 他 被 光 照 耀 與 活 人 一 樣 。 |
| Croatian | da dušu njegovu spasi od jame i da mu život svjetlošæu obasja. |
| Danish | for at redde hans Sjæl fra Graven, så han skuer Livets Lys! |
| Dutch | Opdat hij zijn ziel afkere van het verderf, en hij verlicht worde met het licht der levenden. |
| Finnish | palauttaakseen hänen sielunsa haudasta ja antaakseen elämän valkeuden hänelle loistaa. |
| French | Pour ramener son âme de la fosse, Pour l`éclairer de la lumière des vivants. |
| German | daß er seine Seele zurückhole aus dem Verderben und erleuchte ihn mit dem Licht der Lebendigen. |
| Haitian Creole | pou l' pa kite yo mouri, pou l' ba yo lavi ak kè kontan. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | supaya Ia dapat menyelamatkan manusia dan memberi kebahagiaan dalam hidupnya. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | hendak membalikkan jiwanya dari pada kebinasaan, supaya iapun diterangkan oleh terang alhayat. |
| Italian | per sottrarre l'anima sua dalla fossa e illuminarla con la luce dei viventi. |
| Maori | Hei whakahoki mai i tona wairua i roto i te rua, kia whakamaramatia ai ki te marama o te ora. |
| Norwegian | for å frelse hans sjel fra graven, så han omstråles av de levendes lys. |
| Portuguese | para reconduzir a sua alma da cova, a fim de que seja iluminado com a luz dos viventes. |
| Rumanian | ca sq -l ridice din groapq, ca sq -l lumineze cu lumina celor vii. |
| Russian | ЮФП'Щ ПФЧЕУФЙ "ХЫХ ЕЗП ПФ НПЗЙМЩ Й ТПУЧЕФЙФШ ЕЗП УЧЕФПН ЦЙЧЩИ. |
| Spanish | para restaurar su alma de la fosa y para iluminarlo con la luz de la vida. |
| Swedish | till att rädda hans själ från graven, så att han får njuta av de levandes ljus. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "enlightened": unenlightened. (additional references) | |
| |
"Enlightened" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: enligtened, inlightned. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "enlightened" (pronounced enlī"tund) |
| 8 | e n l ī" t u n d | unenlightened. |
| 6 | -l ī" t u n d | lightened. |
| 5 | -ī" t u n d | brightened, frightened, heightened, tightened. |
| 4 | -t u n d | buttoned, cottoned, destined, disheartened, fattened, flattened, heartened, predestined, shortened, straightened, sweetened, threatened, unbuttoned. |
| 3 | -u n d | abandoned, aforementioned, aland, almond, apportioned, auctioned, auditioned, awakened, bargained, beckoned, blackened, bludgeoned, broadened, burdened, burgeoned, captioned, cautioned, championed, chastened, cheapened, chickened, christened, commissioned, conditioned, cordoned, cushioned, dampened, darkened, decommissioned, deepened, determined, diamond, dimensioned, disciplined, island, jettisoned, leavened, legend, lengthened, lessened, ligand, likened, listened, livened, loosened, disillusioned, dockland, Eland, emblazoned, emboldened, engined, enlivened, envisioned, errand, evened, examined, fashioned, fastened, functioned, gardened, Garland, garrisoned, glistened, happened, hardened, hastened, Highland, Holland, husband, illumined, imagined, impassioned, imprisoned, malfunctioned, margined, mentioned, millisecond, moistened, moribund, motioned, nanosecond, Norland, occasioned, opened, optioned, orphaned, Osmund, overburdened, pardoned, partitioned, petitioned, poisoned, positioned, predetermined, prisoned, proportioned, propositioned, questioned, quickened, rationed, reasoned, reawakened, rechristened, reckoned, reconditioned, reexamined, reopened, repositioned, requisitioned, Reverend, ripened, ruined, saddened, sanctioned, seasoned, second, sectioned, sharpened, Shetland, sickened, siphoned, slackened, softened, soland, stationed, steepened, stiffened, stipend, strengthened, summoned, thickened, thousand, toughened, unburdened, undetermined, unmentioned, unopened, unquestioned, unsanctioned, upland, vacationed, weakened, widened, wizened, worsened. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-e-e-g-h-i-l-n-n-t" | |
-1 letter: lengthened. | |
-2 letters: enlighten, lightened. | |
-3 letters: deleting, eighteen, lengthen, needling. | |
-4 letters: deleing, delight, dentine, denting, engined, genteel, gentile, gentled, gleeted, glinted, heeding, heeling, henting, lending, lenient, lighted, lighten, needing, neighed, tending, theelin, thinned, tingled. | |
-5 letters: delete, dentil, dentin, dingle, elegit, ending, endite, engild, engine, ethene, gentil, gentle, ginned, heeled, heiled, hented, hilted, hinged, hinted, indene, indent. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-e-e-g-h-i-l-n-n-t" | |
+2 letters: unenlightened. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Spoken 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Names: Derived from 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Bible Trace 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
