Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

En

Definition: En

En

Noun

1. Half the width of an em.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "en" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: En

DomainDefinition

Computing

A relative unit of horizontal measurement in typesetting:half an em, thus equal to half nominal type size. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: List of people by name: En

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

Ea - Eb - Ec - Ed - Ee - Ef - Eg - Eh - Ei-Ej - Ek - El - Em - En - Eo - Ep-Eq - Er - Es - Et - Eu - Ev - Ew - Ex-Ez

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Scientology beliefs and practices

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This section examines the beliefs and practices of Scientology. For a further examination of Scientology, see the main Wikipedia article on Scientology.

Basic principles

The central tenets of Scientology are based on the belief that a person is an immortal spiritual being (referred to as a thetan) who has a mind and a body, but is neither of these, that he is basically good, and that he is seeking to survive.

Scientology holds that man's survival depends upon himself, and upon his fellows, and his attainment of brotherhood with the universe. Hubbard defined the state of "survival" as a series of eight categories, which he referred to as the eight dynamics: 1. the individual, 2. the family and through sex, 3. groups, 4. mankind, 5. the animal kingdom, 6.the physical universe, 7. a spiritual being, and 8. as part of infinite reality (God). Because Scientology teaches that furthering "existence" is the preferred spiritual path, a common phrase used within the organization is: "The greatest good for the greatest number of dynamics." Critics of Scientology state that this goal is designed to ensure that all actions made by Scientologists benefit the organization of Scientology, first and foremost, before any other accomplishments are taken into consideration.

Dianetics taught that a person's upsets, limitations and harmful acts can be attributed in part to a portion of his mind of which he is normally unaware, called the reactive mind (the bank in Scientology.) This portion of the mind is believed to store exact impressions (engrams) of past events which occurred while the person was unconscious or otherwise not completely aware. These engrams can be restimulated when the current situation closely matches the contents of the engram, causing irrational emotional responses or psychosomatic illnesses. The aware portion of a person's mind is referred to as the analytical mind.

Scientology takes a much broader view, and considers engrams (incidents involving physical trauma) to be one of the less important forms of entheta (enturbulated spirit) that make up the reactive bank. Others include Goal-Problem Masses (GPMs), Entities (disembodied spirits that are trying to get one's attention) and implants (mental pictures that have been forcibly planted in one's mind as a means of mind control).

Auditing

The central practice of Scientology, and Dianetics before it, is an activity known as auditing (listening) which Scientologists claim seeks to elevate an adherent to a State of Clear, that being one of freedom from the influences of the reactive mind. The practice is one wherein a counselor called an auditor addresses a series of questions to a preclear, observes and records his responses, and acknowledges them.

In Dianetics, Hubbard laid out the process of Dianetic reverie as a way of "clearing" the mind of harmful engrams. The earliest forms of Dianetics processing, still practiced today, involved a process reminiscent of Freudian psychoanalysis, with the preclear reclining on a couch in a reflective state called Dianetic reverie while the auditor guided the focus of the reverie from a chair nearby and took notes, predicating his questions and responses on utterances by the preclear and a number of physiological indications. This process was meant to find engrams, and once found, to repeat them over and over in the preclear's mind, thus getting it out of his system. Original Dianetics auditing techniques dealt exclusively with the preclear's current life and focused mainly on physical injuries sustained by him.

Scientology takes the auditing process further, focusing more on mental trauma than on physical injuries and routinely dealing with the preclear's past lives, some "hundreds of millions of years" in the past. (In such Scientology publications as Have You Lived Before This Life, Hubbard himself wrote about past life experiences dating back billions and even trillions of years--even though the estimated age of the universe is believed to be about 13.5 billion years. This is only an apparent contradiction, as Scientology--like many other faiths which accept reincarnation--teaches that most Thetans have existed in previous universes before the current one.)

Most later forms of auditing employ a device called the Hubbard Electropsychometer (or E-Meter). This is a device which measures changes in the electrical resistance of the preclear's skin by passing approximately 1/2 volt through a pair of tin-plated tubes much like empty soup cans, attached to the meter by wires and held by the preclear during auditing. These low-potential changes in electrical resistance, known as the galvanic skin response, caused by additional moisture, are similar to those measured by polygraphs and related machines, and are believed by Scientologists to be a reliable and precise indication of mental tension in the preclear.

Critics of Scientology point to a lack of scientific basis for the E-meter and other practices. In an interesting, if somewhat contradictory response, the church has claimed on the one hand that Scientology is a religion and not science and therefore does not seek scientific support -- and on the other, that just as a polygraph may use electrical conductivity of the skin to indicate whether one is comfortable with questions and answers, so may any instrument which measures galvanic response. E-Meters cost over $4000, even though they only take 80 minutes to assemble and contain no particularly expensive components. [1]

The aim of auditing, according to the Church of Scientology, is to enable the preclear to recover awareness and volitional control of the material previously stored in his reactive mind. Critics of Scientology have claimed that an audit is, among other things, a gathering of material for blackmail in the case that a Clear should leave the religion. The Church of Scientology publicly denies this theory. However, it acknowledges that it keeps extensive archives of auditing records for every auditing session managed by the Church. These personal records of all Scientologists are called PC folders ("Preclear folders"), and the Church of Scientology states that these records are kept absolutely confidential. Critics and former members contest this claim. Numerous accounts are given by former members of Scientology, who claim that information from their PC folders are routinely used for purposes of blackmail and personal ruin.

Scientology and God

Scientology acknowledges the existence of a Supreme Being (referred to as "the 8th Dynamic",) but holds that there is nothing to be gained from worship.

The Tech

Scientology bases its teachings on the writings of L. Ron Hubbard. over a period of over thirty years, Hubbard developed an enormous body of instructions, rules, and regulations for properly "applying" Scientology. These writings, which are looked upon as scripture in Scientology, are officially known as "Advanced Technology," though among Scientologists, Hubbard's teachings are referred to as Standard Tech or simply The Tech. As the developer of the Tech, Hubbard himself is referred to as Source, and his writings are considered the only true source of the Tech. Scientology teaches that Hubbard's instructions lay out an absolute, unchangeable course for all Scientologists to follow, without exception. The Tech is believed to have a "100% success rate," and it is often stated within Scientology that the Tech always works. If a Scientologist encounters problems, failures, or other obstacles when attempting to apply the Tech, then these problems are always the fault of the student or practicitioner; the Tech is always correct. Because the Tech never fails, according to Scientology, it must always be delivered to Scientologists in its purest form, as close to Hubbard's original intent and delivery as possible. To ensure that the Tech is delivered in this fashion, Hubbard incorporated a number of safeguards into the Tech that prevent the Tech from being "altered" or changed from its original form.

Scientology language and terms (Scientologese)

In the years of developing and promoting Scientology, Hubbard developed the Technical Dictionary (ISBN 0686308034, ISBN 0884040372), an immense lexicon of literally hundreds of words, terms, and definitions that are used by Scientologists on a regular basis. He redefined many terms of regular English to have entirely different meanings within Scientology. This is one reason why Scientology and Dianetics place a heavy emphasis on "understanding" words. Hubbard even wrote a book entitled How To Use A Dictionary, in which he defined the methods of correcting "misunderstoods" (a Scientology term referring to a "misunderstood word," or a word whose proper, Scientology-approved definition is required). The exclusivity of these terms can make it difficult for readers unfamiliar with Scientology to understand many of Hubbard's statements, such as: The ability of an individual to assume the beingness, doingness and havingness of each Dynamic is an index to his ability to live. (L. Ron Hubbard, The Conditions of Existence) Critics of Scientology have accused Hubbard of "loading the language" and using Scientology terms to keep Scientologists from interacting with information sources outside of Scientology (see cult for additional information). Hubbard explained his use of language as follows:

Given enough repetition of the redefinition public opinion can be altered by altering the meaning of a word... The way to redefine a word is to get the new definition repeated as often as possible. Thus it is necessary to redefine medicine, psychiatry and psychology downward and define Dianetics and Scientology upwards. -- L. Ron Hubbard, Propaganda by Redefinition of Words (Hubbard Communications Office Policy Letter, October 5, 1971)

Common Scientology terms include: See also: Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Verbal Tech

One of the more controversial aspects of Scientology is the tendency of its members to avoid answering direct questions about their faith with anything but a quote from L. Ron Hubbard. Observers have noted an ongoing policy in Scientology that forbids actual discussion of the processes of Scientology and how they work. In Scientology teachings, the Tech can only be delivered to Scientologists in its original written form. The act of discussing Scientology processes in a spoken manner is called "verbal tech," and this is believed to be a blemish upon the working of the Tech. Because the actual discussion of the Tech is not coming from Source (Hubbard himself), it is being diluted and it is no longer 100% pure. As a result, engaging in "verbal tech" is forbidden within Scientology. This disallowing of "verbal tech" prevents Scientologists from discussing or explaining the actual workings of what Scientology is and how "it works," in any form other than the actual study of Source (namely Hubbard's original writings).

Scientology contends that this policy of forbidding "verbal tech" is in order to keep the Tech pure and unadultered, and to prevent students from passing on their misunderstandings of Hubbard's instructions to others.

Ethics

Critics claim that the safeguards built into the Tech are designed to secure Hubbard's absolute authority over Scientology, as they effectively prevent Scientologists from actually questioning the policies of Scientology. Hubbard's position as Source ensures that his writings are enforced as the final authority in Scientology, and they can never be questioned; even the act of merely talking about his writings without proper supervision is discouraged, lest the person questioning Hubbard's authorities be labeled P.T.S. (or worse, an S.P.), and required to undergo Scientology ethics.

The system of ethics within Scientology was developed by Hubbard as a way of ensuring "the greatest good for the greatest number of dynamics." However, critics and former members of Scientology describe the ethics system as a method of social control designed to enforce strict behavior and obedience among Scientologists. The ethics system definies a number of "conditions" that are considered undesirable; when a Scientologist is classified as having a "condition of liability," a "condition of doubt," or a "condition of treason" (among others), then ethics requires the person to resolve ("handle") this condition and move towards a more positive "condition of normal operation," "condition of affluence," and "condition of power." The system for moving to these higher conditions involves a complicated, detailed process of confession and penance involving the submission of written reports containing detailed descriptions of the thoughts and actions that placed the Scientologist into the "lower conditions." Ethics also involves the use of security checks, called "sec checks" within the organization, in which the Scientologist will work with an auditor to answer a long series of confessional questions. During these "sec checks" the E-meter is used to determine when a truthful answer is given, in a manner similar to the use of a lie detector.

Squirrels

Scientology also claims that unauthorized distribution of the Tech in any form other than Source will prevent it from being properly applied. This, the church contends, is the reason why it opposes distribution of Hubbard's writings by any party other than the actual Church of Scientology. In order to keep the Tech pure, the Church has fanatically pursued both its critics and individual breakway groups who have attempted to practice Scientology outside the official Church. The act of applying the Tech in a form outside Source is called "squirreling" within Scientology, and this is considered a high crime.

The Bridge

The ultimate goal of Scientology teaching is to reach the highest level of "awareness," or the state of Clear. Hubbard originally claimed that a person who obtained the "state of Clear" would find himself able to use "100%" of his mind, and engage in superhuman feats of mental skill; though these claims have been debunked over the years. Scientology still promotes the State of Clear as a goal to be reached, though in a spiritual sense rather than a physical or mental one. Scientology courses are intended to provide a path to the state of Clear. Scientology promotes this as the Bridge to Total Freedom, and it encourages all Scientologists to "move up the Bridge" towards this level of awareness. Moving to higher levels on the Bridge takes precedence over all other duties in Scientology, and all tasks performed by Scientologists are seen as a step towards "moving up the Bridge."

Critics of Scientology note that the cost of "moving up the Bridge" becomes increasingly greater as one proceeds further into Scientology initiation. This cost, which amounts to tens or even hundreds of thousands of dollars by the time the upper levels are reached, is the source of enormous tension between Scientology, its critics, and Scientologists who eventually leave the organization before obtaining the state of Clear, or after it. (See Church of Scientology for additional details of its costs.)

Upon reaching the state of Clear, a Scientologist's goals are then set to the next level. After becoming Clear, Scientology encourages its adherents to move towards the level of Operating Thetan (OT). It is at this point that the controversy over the "secret" teachings of Scientology becomes prominent to anyone attempting to study its beliefs, whether inside or outside the organization.

Secret writings

The church acknowledges that at the higher levels of initiation (OT levels), teachings are imparted which may be considered "mystical", and potentially harmful to unprepared readers. These teachings are kept secret from members who have not reached these levels.

One of the premises of the church of Scientology is that the OT levels are meant to be an empirical subject, something one "discovers for oneself," through processing (auditing). If a person reads "distorted" versions of the higher level teachings, the church claims, one is likely to question one's own experience when "in session" -- thereby sabotaging the process. According to the church, it opposes the distribution of the "secret" levels in order to protect them (and Scientologists attaining them) from contamination by outside sources.

In the Church of Scientology vs. Fishman and Geertz case, former Scientologist Steven Fishman introduced as evidence what appeared to be Hubbard's OT I through OT VIII documents, of which a small portion known as the Xenu story has received much media attention. Xenu, according to the documents, was an evil galactic overlord who oppressed free spirits with science fiction-like tactics in the Earth's distant past (at which time planet Earth was known as Teegeeack.) The Fishman affidavit became public domain as a court document, and contains confidential course materials sold at a high cost. The church subsequently dropped the case against Fishman and petitioned the court to seal the documents, without formally acknowledging their authenticity.

The Church has also used copyright law to sue others who have published portions of these and other documents. Nevertheless, these documents are today widely available on the Net -- publicized by critics, scholars of religion, and interested observers.

Similarity to Gnosticism

The likeness of Scientology and the ancient beliefs of Gnosticism is quite striking, and has been noticed by many scholars of religion. The three-part mind partitioning (body, soul, spirit) is identical to that of the Gnostics. The low regard for matter (by Hubbard called MEST, Matter-Energy-Space-Time, with reference to the modern physics concepts of matter) in contrast to spirit is also mirrored in Gnosticism. The Gnostics learned that every human had a unique spiritual core, called pneuma (Greek for "spirit" or "ghost"). This is very similar to the thetan concept of Scientology. The esotericism of Scientology is also a distinct feature of Gnostic belief systems.

Scientology and Psychiatry

Scientology rejects the claim that mental diseases can have biological bases and holds that such diseases are caused exclusively by disturbed thought processes which can be corrected by Scientology counseling. On the other hand, the Church of Scientology has policies which forbid the counseling of mentally ill people or those who have received psychiatric treatment.

Scientology regards psychiatry not only as largely ineffective at providing true improvements in mental health, disastrously misguided in its emphasis on the mind as a purely biological machine, and contributing to a heavy emphasis on drugs for treating an ever-increasing roster of mental health issues, but as the root of many political and social evils. Psychiatrists, non-Scientological psychologists and counselors, and supporters of psychiatry are derogatorily termed "psychs" in Scientology internal literature. Psychs are generally regarded as suppressive persons and have the same non-person status as critics of the Church.

A sister organization, the Citizen's Commission on Human Rights (CCHR) has been formed to promote this viewpoint. The CCHR's Web site lists various publications put out by the organization that attack the field of psychiatry, including Psychiatric Rape - Betraying Women, Psychiatry: Education's Ruin, Psychiatry: Victimizing the Elderly, and Psychiatry's Betrayal - Creating Racism. The CCHR does not publicize its connection to the Church of Scientology, leading both psychiatrists and critics of the Church to label it a front group.

Psychiatry does not agree. Psychiatric Times: Psychiatric Profession Current Target of Citizens Commission on Human Rights

Related topics

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: En

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

EN

EnglishEnglish NormN/A

EN

FinnishEurooppalainen standardiPublic Administration

EN

FrenchDemi-cadratinPublic Administration

EN

GermanEuropäische NormPublic Administration
EN CASEnglishEnvironmental Concerns and SafetyEnvironment
"AFIL" voir ENFrenchPlan de vol communiqué pendant le volTransportation
"AFIL" siehe ENGermanWährend des Fluges aufgegebener FlugplanTransportation
"AFIL" vedi ENItalianPiano di volo trasmesso durante il voloTransportation
ENERDutchCommissie onderzoek,technologische ontwikkeling en energieN/A
ENRTFrenchEn routeTransportation

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonym: En

Synonym: nut (n). (additional references)
Synonyms by domain: -en (language, transportation).

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Crosswords: En

English words defined with "en": as a groupB.C.Castle in the air, Creuxen bloc, en famille, en masse, exterminateinformallykill offLevy in massPartnership in commendamstampede. (references)
Specialty definitions using "en": De Haut en Basen banc, en dash, en echelon, en masse conveyor, en rule, en spaceInstitut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique. (references)
Etymologies containing "en": Travers. (references)
Non-English Usage: "En" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

Afrikaan (and, whichever), Breton (in, in the), Catalan (in, inside, into, on, per, within), Danish (an, one), Dutch (and), Esperanto (in, inside, into, on, per, within), Finnish (I do not, no, not), Flemish (and), French (a, at, by, during, for, in, inside, into, it, of, of it, of them, on, per, thereof, to, toward, towards, upon, when, while, within), French Canadian (in, into), Frisian (and), Galician (in), Icelandic (but), Indonesian (and), Latin (behold!, behold! see! lo! here! hey! look at this!), Luxembourgish (a, it, opposite), Norwegian (a, one), Slovene (one), Spanish (a, about, at, by, for, in, inside, into, on, per, to, upon, within), Sranan (her, his, its, their), Swedish (a, about, an, Cade, juniper (tree), juniper wood, one, some, the), Turkish (all-time, best, breadth, diameter, est, most, the very, very, width).

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Modern Usage: En

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Får man bjuda på en liten knapp (Repmånad; writing credit: Bo Jonsson; Lars Molin)

En segundo grado del shule, tenía que hacer de abeja, y no sabía cómo mover las alitas ¡Abeja reina (Samy y yo; writing credit: Carmen López-Areal; Eduardo Milewicz)

I had no idea that children en masse could be gracious (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer)

Je sais ce que tu es en train de faire (Sirène du Mississippi, La; writing credit: François Truffaut)

det kommer en tjockis Nisse, det kommer en (Varning för Jönssonligan; writing credit: Henning Bahs; Erik Balling)

Lyrics

She been a walkin' thirty miles en route to Bombay (Brown Eyed Handsome Man; performing artist: Chuck Berry)

Comme on croit en tous les anges (I Will Love Again; performing artist: Lara Fabian)

I hate Chou En Lai, and I hope he dies, (Draft Dodger Rag; performing artist: Phil Ochs)

No puedo dejar de pensar en ti (Dreaming of You; performing artist: Selena)

Movie/TV Titles

Teatro en familia (1974)

Una Mariposa en la noche (1974)

Me matan si no trabajo y si trabajo me matan: La huelga obrera en la fábrica INSUD (1974)

Macht en onmacht van de kunst (1974)

Salut en de kost (1974)

Song Titles

Whatta Man (performing artist: Salt-N-Pepa featuring En Vogue)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: En

DomainTitle

References

  • Ito En, Ltd.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • En Pointe Technologies, Inc.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • Inversiones en Turismo SA - INVERTUR: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • La relative sans antécédent en français moderne. Essai de syntaxe propositionnelle. (reference)

  • Consiga un trabajo en 30 días o incluso antes (reference)

  • Anthon van der Horst, 1899-1965 : leven en werken (reference)

  • Medical Practices in Ancient America: Practicas Medicas En LA America Antigua (Biblioteca Interamericana Bilingue, 7) (reference)

  • Aap en Beer : een ABC boek van Wim Hofman (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Theater & Movies

  • Ma Vie En Rose (reference)

  • Olga Tanon: Exitos En Video (reference)

  • Elmo en la Tierra de los Grunones (The Adventures Of Elmo In Grouchland) (reference)

  • En Forma Tropical - Ven A Bailar! (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: En

Photos:
En

More pictures...

Illustrations:
En

More pictures...

Computer Images:
En

More pictures...

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Photo Album: En

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

View of Africa and Saudi Arabia from Apollo 17.Probably the most requested picture of the Earth, this picture was taken by the Apollo17 astronauts as they left earth orbit en route to the Moon. Taken on Dec. 7, 1972,it was the first time that the trajectory of an Apollo mission enabled a view ofthe south pole. Credit: NASA.

En route to Black Butte Triangulation party of William M. Scaife. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

"Trucks, en route" - White 3/4 ton truck Astro Party of C. V. Hodges. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

The BELGICA anchored at Mount William. In: "Resultats du Voyage du S. Y. BELGICA en 1897-1898-1899 .... Rapports Scientifiques ... Travaux Hydrographiques et Instructions Nautiques" by G. Lecointe, 1903. P. 110. Plate XI. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

A small boat in the pancake ice. . BELGICA en 1897-1898-1899 .... Oceanographie Les Glaces Glace de Mer et Banquises" par Henryk Arctowski. 1908. P. 17. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.

Chris Doley, of NOAA, en route to begin sample sorting. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.

Culvert parts en route to the site arrive as the crane offloads various sections of the culvert off the flatbed. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.

Beds of Conch move en masse when food gets scarce. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).

AQUARIUS, built in Texas, en route to St. Croix in 1986. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).

Dr. Tony Picciolo on collecting expedition in pre-revolutionary Cuba. En route to the Sierra Maestra mountain range of eastern Cuba to collect fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. Credit: Small World.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: En
 

"Ik en gerlof" by Tjitske WithLove
Commentary: "Ik en gerlof voor een karrie :D:D."
"Atardecer en La Tregua" by Mario Antonio Herrero Machado
Commentary: "Atardecer en el Mar Atlantico Argentino, Balneario Oriente, Provincia de Buenos Aires."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Familiar Quotations: En

AuthorQuotation

Quentin Crisp

Living en famille provides the strongest motives for rudeness combined with the maximum opportunity for displaying it.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: En

AuthorDateQuotation

Treaty of Versailles

1919

All necessary administrative and technical measures shall be taken to shorten, as much as possible, the transmission of goods across the German frontiers and to ensure their forwarding and transport from such frontiers, irrespective of whether such goods are coming from or going to the territories of the Allied and Associated Powers or are in transit from or to those territories, under the same material conditions in such matters as rapidity of carriage and care en route as are enjoyed by other goods of the same kind carried on German territory under similar conditions of transport. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: En

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

Pour avoir bu de grand matin La rosee a meme le thym, Deux moineaux etaient en ribote

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: En

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Brandt EN Jr, Pope AM, editors. (references)

Difficulties in using this instrument include gaining access to the bleeding lesion for an en face approach and training endoscopists in its use. Laser therapy is difficult to master and apply. (references)

However, monopolar therapy has been replaced by other techniques because of difficulty in its use due to the necessity to meet the bleeding point en face, to control the depth of injury, and the need for multiple cleanings of the probe. (references)

Business

Many of those expelled were en route to the northern border with the United States. (references)

The most general, NF EN 1553, addresses the common requirements of safety for agricultural and forestry machinery. (references)

As examples, the EN 60601-1-1 covers all electrical safety requirements, whereas EN 60601-1-2 covers all EMC requirements for medical devices. (references)

Civil Liberties

Kyrgyz Republic

For example, a truck carrying 53 Tajiks en route to Russia was stopped in Jalal-Abad Province and turned back. (references)

South Africa

Inadequate security on the trains allows many deportees to jump from the train en route, perpetuating the illegal immigration problem. (references)

Belarus

There were no reports of the forced return of persons to a country where they feared persecution; however, refugees often are persons from third world countries seeking to pass through Russia and then Belarus en route to other European countries. (references)

Economic History

Jamaica

Jamaica is a major transit point for South American cocaine en route to the United States. (references)

Bolivia

Limited Partnership Company (Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones, S.C.A.): Owners of capital are described as shareholders and partners. (references)

Bangladesh

After another attempt at a negotiated settlement failed narrowly in late December 1994, the opposition resigned en masse from Parliament. (references)

Human Rights

Israel and the occupied territories

While en route, Awad lapsed into a coma and was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. (references)

Burundi

The rebels forced the students to transport goods stolen from nearby homes and shops and beat those who faltered en route. (references)

Ghana

According to press reports, the student was shot after he intervened in a dispute between the policeman and a cab driver; he died en route to a hospital. (references)

Political Economy

Argentina

In April 1994, a number of left-of-center politicians joined with former Peronists to create the National Solidarity Front (Frente para un Pais en Solidaridad), or FREPASO. (references)

Bangladesh

Opposition MP's resigned en masse from Parliament in December 1994. The political impasse dragged on for nearly two years, and the opposition parties boycotted general elections held by the BNP in February 1996. The BNP government lost credibility with substantiated reports of vote rigging in the one-party election. (references)

Trade

Croatia

Accreditation of laboratories and certification bodies is performed according to the EN 45000 (European standards). (references)

Travel

Kenya

In March 1999, a passenger train en route from Nairobi to Mombasa derailed, killing 32 people, including one foreign tourist. (references)

Chad

The airport is run by the International Agency for Air Navigation Security in Africa (ASECNA - Agence pour la Securite de la Navigation Aerienne en Afrique). (references)

Italy

U.S. Citizens are reminded that certain Alitalia flights between Italy and various middle eastern points (usually Damascus or Amman) make en route stops in Beirut. (references)

Worker Rights

Pakistan

East Asian and Bangladeshi women are trafficked through the country en route to other destinations. (references)

Cameroon

In September a boat capsized off the coast of Cameroon carrying an estimated 140 suspected child slaves en route to Gabon. (references)

Poland

While they are en route to what they believe to be their destinations, their passports and identity papers are taken away from them. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: En

"En" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 63.66% of the time. "En" is used about 443 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)63.66%28217,376
Unclassified Items17.83%7937,388
Noun (proper)9.93%4451,500
Noun (singular)8.13%3657,479
Noun (common)0.45%2245,945
                    Total100.00%443N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: En

CountryNameCountryName
Belgium

Entreprises et Chemins de Fer en Chine Societe Anonyme

Japan

Ito En, Ltd.

Netherlands

N.V. W.A. Hoek's Machine- en Zuurstoffabriek

Peru

Inversiones en Turismo SA - INVERTUR

Spain

Testa Inmuebles en Renta S.A.

USA

En Pointe Technologies, Inc.

 (more examples...)  

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expressions: En

Expressions using "en": 3a)Commission des Communautés Européennes,Bureau de Représentation en France ad en passant armed en flute Battery en 'echarpe boutez en avant centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica Chateau en Espagne consultatiebureau voor moeder en kind craignez tout d'un auteur en courroux cut en cabochon dation en paiement de die en diem egg en cocotte En barbette En bloc en bloc register signaling en bloc register signalling En brochette En caracole en clair en dash en deshabille en famille en flute en foule en garde en garde! en grand seigneur en grande tenue en granite tenue en habiles gens en masse En passant en quadrat En rapport en revanche En route en route kit en route to en rule en space en tapinois en toute chose il faut considerer la fin filet de boeuf en croute Flank en potence hallowe en hierro en T institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique leave en masse levee en masse Lev'ee en masse levy en masse manger son ble en herbe mise en evidence mise en scene NX EN planification des besoins en capacités put forth en effort redevance en nature regibus esse manus en nescio longas sikre en god afvikling af ustederens forpligtelser time en route un averti en vaut deux vergiftig: gevaar voor ernstige onherstelbare effecten bij inademing, aanraking met de huid en opname door de mond voir en couleur de rose. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "en": en-able, en-bloc, EN-dienblad, En-dor, en-echelon, En-eglaim, En-gannim, En-gedi, En-haddah, En-hakkore, En-hazor, en-lai, En-lil, en-mass, En-mishpat, En-rimmon, En-rogel, en-route, en-route clearance, en-route communication, en-route configuration, en-route facility charge, en-route flight path, en-route forecast service, en-route frequency, en-route surveillance radar, en-rule, En-shemesh, en-suite, En-tact, En-tappuah, En-tout-cas, en-tranced.

Ending with "en": Best-en, have-np-v-en, o-en, roissy-en, roux-en.

Containing "en": Aix-en-provence, Bourg-en-bresse, Chapel-en-le-frith, Germain-en-laye, mise-en-scene, Roux-en-y.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: En

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

ca en networkclips

18,919

cnn en espanol

318

yahoo en espanol

4,267

la vie en rose

297

yahoo en español

3,129

bolsa de trabajos en mexico

282

cache de en mot passe

1,894

trabajo en equipo

268

chat en español

813

roux en y

257

chat en espanol

651

jeux en ligne

255

en kimono

596

l arc en ciel

241

letras de canciones en español

584

ads.elong.com config en image l.gif loc sf us

241

chicas en bikini

576

traductor and en and linea

230

dir en grey

572

animales en peligro de extincion

228

aix en provence france

488

musica en español

225

en español

485

aix en provence

209

juegos en linea

475

bajar en español gratis peliculas

208

en vogue

473

musica en espanol

207

en espanol

466

ads.elong.com config en image loc msn2.gif us

195

letras de canciones en ingles

460

ads.elong.com classic.css css en static us

195

bajar edonkey en español

445

en espanol msn

194

en

429

ads.elong.com adtbtn config en image loc search.gif us

193

en español msn

404

sexo en vivo

193

bureau en gros

374

canciones de en inglés letras

191
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: En

Language Translations for "en"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

të gjithë njëherësh (en bloc), rrugës (en route), njëherësh (at a go, en bloc, outright, simultaneously, together), kalimthi (en passant, in passing, passingly), gjatë rrugës (along the way, en route, in transit, on one's way, with a through passage). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏في مسيرة (en route), ‏في الطريق (en route, in the way), ‏ككل (en bloc), ‏كتلة واحدة (en bloc), ‏عرضا (en passant, incidentally, indiscriminately), ‏جملة (all in, clause, en bloc, lump, sentence). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

съединителна чертица (en-rule), вкупом (en bloc), на път (bound, en route, on the road), по пътя (en route), изцяло (all, altogether, clean, en bloc, entirely, in full, neck and crop, outright, over, right, sheer, through, through and through, totally, tread and thrum, whole-hog, wholly). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

途中 (en route). (various references)

   

Danish

  

halvgeviert (en space, figure space). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

en (and). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

en (I do not, no, not), puolikas (half). (various references)

   

French

  

En (English), demi-em, anglais (English, English language, Englishman). (various references)

   

German

  

Englisch (angelic, British, English, English language, englishh, medium rare), En (English), Halbgeviert (en dash, en rule). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

εν (at, in, wherein). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

דרך אגב (apropos, by the by, by the way, en passant, in passing, incidentally, obiter), בדרך אל (en route), בדרך (by way of, en route, through, wise), בגוש אחד (en bloc). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

egész terjedelmében (en bloc), egészében (at large, en masse, on the whole, to the full), útban vhova (en route for, en route to), útközben (along the way, by the way, en route, in transit, on the go, on the run, on the way, under way), úton (en route, in transit, on the way, to be under way, to hack along the road, to waylay, under sail, under way, underway), úton vhova (en route for, en route to), útvonal elõjelzést készítõ szolgálat (en-route forecast service), útvonal-ellenõrzõ radar (en-route surveillance radar, rsr), útvonalengedély (en-route clearance, movement credit, route license, route licensing), útvonal-frekvencia (en-route frequency), összefüggésben van (to be en rapport with, to be in rapport with, to correlate), útvonal-konfiguráció (en-route configuration), tömegestől (en masse), kapcsolatban áll (to be en rapport with, to be in rapport with), mellesleg (by the way, en passant, in the margin, obiter, on the margin), mind (all, all of it, each, en masse, every, every one), mindenestül (bag and baggage, en bloc, neck and crop, root and branch), rádióösszeköttetés az útvonalon (en-route communication), repülési pálya az útvonalon (en-route flight path), tömegben (en masse), tömegesen (en masse, in large quantities, in quantities), útvonal-használati illeték (en-route facility charge). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

membanjir (in floods, rush en masse), habis (at en end, done, finished, gone, nothing left), gerudug (attack en masse). (various references)

   

Italian

  

En (English), spessore medio delle consonanti, quadrato (quadrate, ring, square), mezza emme, inglese (british, briton, English, Englishman, englishwoman, pommy, Sassenach). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

途上 (en route, half way), 途中 (en route, on the way). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ないかくそうじしょく (en masse resignation of the cabinet), そろって (all together, en masse, in a body), つちゅう (en route, midway, on the way), あげて (all, en masse, whole), アンツーカー (en-tout-cas), アンツーカ (en tous cas), はんかく (anti-nuclear, en quad, half-width characters), とじょう (attendance at a castle, en route, half way, slaughterhouse), とちゅう (en route, midway, on the way). (various references)

   

Manx

  

ry-cheilley (en masse, together, with each other), ooilley-cooidjagh (altogether, en masse, quite). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

enay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

em viagem (wayfaring), em geral (at large, by and large, en bloc, in general), emissão em bloco (en-bloc sending, en-bloc signalling), em bloco (en bloc), tijolo com alto teor de alumina (brique à hauteur teneur en alumine), choque de retorno (choc en retour, relapse), choque em dois tempos (choc en deux temps), choque em domo (choc en dôme), choque massivo (choc en masse), coloração em bloco (block staining, staining en bloc), comunicação interceptada transmitida decifrada (intercepted communication provided en clair), conjunto de viagem para manutenção (en route kit), datio in solutum (dation en paiement, giving in payment, transfer of something in lieu of payment), a caminho (en route, on course, on the way, underway), talhe em cabochão (cabochon cut, cut en cabochon), travessão meio-quadratim (en dash, en rule), tempo de volta (time en route), impregnação em bloco (impregnation en bloc), parada em bloqueio (anchorage en bloc), por atacado (en bloc), por inteiro (en bloc), sinalização de registo em bloco (en bloc register signaling, en bloc register signalling), sinalização mf em bloco (en bloc mf signalling), dermo-hipodermite subaguda em placas (dermo-hypodermite subaiguë en plaques). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

mediu (average, circumstance, environment, mean, medium, middle, mise en scene, moderate, society, surroundings), décor (background, décor, decoration, embellishment, landscape, mise en scene, ornament, scene, scenery, sets). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

мимоходом (en passant, in passing, obiter, passingly), по пути (en route), по дороге (en route). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

u prolazu (en passant, passing: in passing, passingly, transit: in transit), u celosti (altogether, completely, en bloc, full: in full, great, totally, whole: on the whole, wholly), na putu (away, en route). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

en (a, about, at, by, for, in, inside, into, on, per, to, upon, within), medio em. (various references)

   

Swedish

  

halvfyrkant (en space, figure space). (various references)

   

Thai

  

ทั้งหมด (en bloc, full monty, gross, overall). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

yarım kadrat. (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

цілком (absolutely, all, all in all, all of, all out, altogether, at all, bodily, broad, clean, clear, completely, duly, en bloc, entirely, fairly, full, fully, hollow, nicely, outright, perfectly, pure, purely, quite, richly, soundly, thoroughly, well, wholly), в дорозі (en route), поміж прочого (en passant), по дорозі (en route). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

N. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Bible Trace: En

LanguageDateSourceGenesis Chapter 14, Verse 7
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintKai anastreyanteV hlqosan epi thn phghn thV krisewV auth estin kadhV kai katekoyan pantaV touV arcontaV amalhk kai touV amorraiouV touV katoikountaV en asasanqamar
Latin405VulgateReversique sunt et venerunt ad fontem Mesfat ipsa est Cades et percusserunt omnem regionem Amalechitarum et Amorreum qui habitabat in Asasonthamar
Old English990West SaxonÞa wendon hi underbæc ond eodon to En Mispat, þæt ys Kadesc, ond hi oferwunnon eall þæt land þara Amalekitas, ond þara Amorita þe on Haseson Tamare eardodon.
Middle English1395WyclifAnd thei weren turned ayen, and comen vnto the welle of Mesphat; it is of Cades. And thei smyten al the regioun of Amalechitis, and Amorre, the whiche dwellid in Asason of Thamar.
Renaissance English1526TyndaleAnd then turned they and came to the well of iugmente which is Cades and smote all the contre of the Amalechites and also the amorytes that dwell in Hazezon Thamar.
Jacobean English1611King JamesAnd they returned, and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar.
Victorian English1833WebsterAnd they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar.
Basic English1964OgdenThen they came back to En-mishpat (which is Kadesh), making waste all the country of the Amalekites and of the Amorites living in Hazazon-tamar.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: En

LanguageGenesis Chapter 14, Verse 7
CebuanoUg namalik sila ug nangadto sa Emmisphat nga mao ang Cades, ug gilaglag nila ang tanan nga lungsod sa mga Amalecahanon, ug ingon usab ang mga Amorehanon, nga nagpuyo sa Hazezon-Tamar.
Chinese他 們 回 到 安 密 巴 、 就 是 加 低 斯 、 殺 敗 了 亞 瑪 力 全 地 的 人 、 以 及 住 在 哈 洗 遜 他 瑪 的 亞 摩 利 人 。
CroatianOnda se povuku natrag i stignu u En Mišpat, to jest Kadeš, i pokore sve krajeve Amaleèana i Amorejaca, koji su nastavali Haseson Tamar.
Danishså vendte de om og drog til Misjpatkilden, det er Hadesj, og slog Amalekiterne i hele deres Område og ligeså de Amoriter, der boede i Hazazon Tamar.
DutchDaarna keerden zij wederom, en kwamen tot En-mispat, dat is Kades, en sloegen al het land der Amalekieten, en ook den Amoriet, die te Hazezon-thamar woonde.
FinnishJa he palasivat ja tulivat Mispatin lähteelle, se on Kaadekseen, ja valloittivat koko amalekilaisten maan ja voittivat myöskin amorilaiset, jotka asuivat Hasason-Taamarissa.
FrenchPuis ils s`en retournèrent, vinrent à En Mischpath, qui est Kadès, et battirent les Amalécites sur tout leur territoire, ainsi que les Amoréens établis à Hatsatson Thamar.
GermanDarnach wandten sie um und kamen an den Born Mispat, das ist Kades, und schlugen das ganze Land der Amalekiter, dazu die Amoriter, die zu Hazezon-Thamar wohnten.
HungarianÉs megtérének s menének Hén Mispátba, azaz Kádesbe, és elpusztíták az Amálekiták egész mezõségét, és az Emoreusokat is, kik laknak vala Háczaczon-Thámárban.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariSetelah itu para pengejar balik lagi dan kembali ke En-Mispat yang sekarang disebut Kades. Mereka menaklukkan seluruh tanah Amalek serta mengalahkan orang Amori yang tinggal di Hazezon-Tamar.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaKemudian berpalinglah mereka itu, lalu datang ke En-Mispat, yaitu Kades, dialahkannya segala negeri orang Amalek dan lagi orang Amori, yang duduk di Hazezon Tamar.
ItalianPoi mutarono direzione e vennero a En-Mispat, cioè Kades, e devastarono tutto il territorio degli Amaleciti e anche degli Amorrei che abitavano in Azazon-Tamar.
MaoriNa ka hoki ratou, a ka tae ki Enimihipata, ara ki Karehe, a patua katoatia ana e ratou te whenua o nga Amareki, ratou ko nga Amori i noho ra i Hatetonatamara.
NorwegianDerefter vendte de om og kom til En-Mispat, det er Kades, og la under sig hele amalekittenes land og likeså amorittene, som bodde i Haseson-Tamar.
RumanianApoi s`au kntors, au venit la En-Miwpat, sau Cades, wi au bqtut pe Amaleciyi pe tot yinutul lor, ca wi pe Amoriyi, cari locuiau la Hayayon-Tamar.
SwedishSedan vände de om och kommo till En-Mispat, det är Kades, och härjade amalekiternas hela land; de slogo ock amoréerna som bodde i Hasason-Tamar.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations: En

Derivations

Words beginning with "en": enable, enabled, enabler, enablers, enables, enabling, enact, enacted, enacting, enactive, enactment, enactments, enactor, enactors, enactory, enacts, enamel, enameled, enameler, enamelers, enameling, enamelist, enamelists, enamelled, enamelling, enamels, enamelware, enamelwares, enamine, enamines, enamor, enamoration, enamorations, enamored, enamoring, enamors, enamour, enamoured, enamouring, enamours, enantiomer, enantiomeric, enantiomers, enantiomorph, enantiomorphic, enantiomorphism, enantiomorphisms, enantiomorphous, enantiomorphs, enate, enates. (additional references)

Words ending with "en": abdomen, acetaminophen, acrogen, acumen, admen, agglutinogen, agnomen, agribusinessmen, aidmen, airmen, airwomen, albumen, aldermen, alderwomen, alien, allergen, alloantigen, almsmen, amen, amidogen, amylogen, anchormen, anchorwomen, androgen, anlagen, antialien, anticarcinogen, antiestrogen, antigen, arisen, arpen, artillerymen, ashen, ashmen, aspen, assemblymen, assemblywomen, attackmen, atween, autobahnen, automen, awaken, awestricken, awoken, axemen, axmen, backbitten, backcourtmen, backslidden, backwoodsmen, badmen. (additional references)

Words containing "en": abandonment, abandonments, abasement, abasements, abashment, abashments, abatement, abatements, abdomens, abducens, abducent, abducentes, abetment, abetments, abhenries, abhenry, abhenrys, abhorrence, abhorrences, abhorrent, abhorrently, abiogeneses, abiogenesis, abiogenic, abiogenically, abiogenist, abiogenists, abluent, abluents, abolishment, abolishments, abortifacient, abortifacients, abortiveness, abortivenesses, abrasiveness, abrasivenesses, abridgement, abridgements, abridgment, abridgments, absence, absences, absent, absented, absentee, absenteeism, absenteeisms, absentees, absenter, absenters. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "En"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "en" (pronounced e"n)
2e" nagain, amen, Ben, Benne, bren, cayenne, comedienne, den, Glen, handymen, hen, Ken, lawmen, Madeleine, men, oilmen, patrolmen, pen, pitchmen, Sen, ten, then, Wen, when, Wren, yen.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: En

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Direct Anagrams: ne.

 Words containing the letters "e-n"
 

+1 letter: ane, ben, den, end, eng, ens, eon, ern, fen, gen, hen, ken, men, nae, neb, nee, net, new, one, pen, sen, ten, wen, yen.

 

+2 letters: acne, aeon, amen, anes, anew, ante, bane, bean, been, bend, bene, bens, bent, bine, bone, bren, cane, cent, cine, cone, dean, dene, deni, dens, dent, deny, dine, done, dune, dyne, earn, ebon, elan, ends, engs, enol, enow, envy, eons, erne, erns, etna, even, exon, eyen, eyne, fane, fend, fens, fern, fine, gaen, gane, gene, gens, gent, genu, gien, glen, gone, haen, hens, hent, hern, hewn, hone, jane, jean, jeon, kane, keen, keno, kens, kent, kern, kine, knee, knew, kune, lane, lean, lend, leno, lens, lent, lien, line, lone, lune, mane, mean, mend, meno, menu, mien, mine, nabe, name, nape, nave, neap, near, neat, nebs, neck, need, neem, neep, neif, nema, nene, neon, nerd, ness, nest, nets, nett, neuk, neum, neve, nevi, news, newt, next, nice, nide, nine, nite, nixe, node, noel, noes, nome, none, nope, nose, note, nude, nuke, omen, once, ones, open, oven, oxen, pane, pean, peen, pein, pend, pens, pent, peon, pine, pone, rein, rend, rent, rune, sane, seen, send, sene, sent, sewn, sine, sned, snye, sone, syne, teen, tend, tens, tent, tern, then, tine, tone, tune, tyne, unbe, unde, vane, vein, vena, vend, vent, vine, wane, wean, ween, wend, wens, went, when, wine, wren, yean, yens, zein, zone.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Photo Album
8. Images: Digital Art
9. Quotations: Familiar
10. Quotations: Historic
11. Quotations: Fiction
12. Quotations: Non-fiction
13. Usage Frequency
14. Names: Company Usage
15. Expressions
16. Expressions: Internet
17. Translations: Modern
18. Bible Trace
19. Abbreviations
20. Acronyms
21. Derivations
22. Rhymes
23. Anagrams
24. Bibliography


  

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