Downward

Definition: Downward

Downward

Adjective

1. Extending or moving from a higher to a lower place; "the down staircase"; "the downward course of the stream".

2. On or toward a surface regarded as a base; "he lay face downward"; "the downward pull of gravity".

Adverb

1. Spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position; "don't fall down"; "rode the lift up and skied down"; "prices plunged downward".

Date "downward" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references)

Synonyms: Downward

Synonyms: down(a) (adj), downward(a) (adj), downward(ip) (adj), down (adv), downwardly (adv), downwards (adv). (additional references)

Antonym: up (adv). (additional references)

Crosswords: Downward

Specialty definitions using "downward": downward closed, downward course. (references)

Etymologies containing "downward": Avalanche ♦ Cataclysm, Catacomb, Cation ♦ Isorropic. (references)

Domain	Usage
Movie/TV Titles	The Downward Path (1900)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Domain	Title
Books	Christianity in Today's China: Taking Root Downward, Bearing Fruit Upward (reference) Downward to Darkness [DOWNLOAD: MICROSOFT READER] (reference) Downward to the Earth (reference) Falling from Grace: Downward Mobility in the Age of Affluence (reference) God's Downward Mobility: Sermons for Advent, Christmas and Epiphany, Cycle B Gospel Texts (Gospel Sermon Series, Cycle B) (reference) (more book examples)

Music	Downward Is Heavenward (reference) Girl of the Downward Smile [CD-SINGLE] (reference) The Downward Spiral [EXPLICIT LYRICS] (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Preferring woody and weedy species, goats select the young growing points first as they browse downward from the upper parts of a plant. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer..		Detail view of tops of upstream arch barrels. Photograph by Jack E. Boucher, Summer 1971. (Reproduction Number: HAER, UTAH,18-SALCI,22-5) The development of the multiple-arch reinforced concrete dam by engineer John S. Eastwood took advantage of the inherent characteristics of an ancient building form to greatly reduce the needed mass of dams. Inclined, reinforced concrete barrel vaults transfer the weight of the impounded water to the ground through a series of buttresses. The downward pressure actually increases the stability of the dam by pressing it against its foundation, making it an ideal design for poor foundation conditions. Eastwood built similar dams throughout the world. Credit: Library of Congress.
	And charged head downward at the boy. Credit: Library of Congress.		The boys skimmed swiftly over the muddy bottom, going steadily downward as the light grew less and less. Credit: Library of Congress.
	Frances Benjamin Johnston, full-length portrait, seated, facing left, looking downward, resting her head on her left hand. Credit: Library of Congress.		The big scenic production, Man's enemy, or The downward path now in it's 4th year in England. Credit: Library of Congress.
	Side view of glider flying as a kite near the ground, Wilbur at left and Orville at right, glider turned forward to right and tipped downward. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Play	Caption	Play	Caption
	Guitar, shakers, downward guitars, synthesized flutes all playing in a South American style.		Chords arpeggiated downward on a large vibraphone.
	Wobbling downward scale sung from the throat.		Man whistling softly, downward scale.
	Digital sound for downward movement.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Author	Quotation
Henry David Thoreau	The way by which you may get money almost without exception leads downward.
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe	The decline in literature indicates a decline in the nation. The two keep pace in their downward tendency.
Robert Browning	'Tis looking downward makes one dizzy.
Robert Burton	Women wear the breeches... in a word, the world turned upside downward.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Title	Author	Quote
A Christmas Carol	Dickens, Charles	Still the Ghost pointed downward to the grave by which it stood.
Grapes of Wrath	Steinbeck, John	Their faces were turned downward and their hair and foreheads showed in the firelight.
Gulliver's Travels	Swift, Jonathan	The adamant was not descended four yards, before the officer felt it drawn so strongly downward that he could hardly pull it back.
Walden	Thoreau, Henry David	The soil, it appears, is suited to the seed, for it has sent its radicle downward, and it may now send its shoot upward also with confidence.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		PSP patients have trouble voluntarily shifting their gaze downward, and also can have trouble controlling their eyelids. (references)
		Some children with DiGeorge Anomaly have a distinctive look, with an underdeveloped chin, eyes that slant downward, and misshapen ear lobes. (references)
		Axons in the spinal cord carry signals downward from the brain (along descending pathways) and upward toward the brain (along ascending pathways). (references)
Business		During the second half of 1999 and up to now, the operators have initiated a downward pricing trend. (references)
		This marked a change in what had been a downward trend since 1992. Anti-Semitic incidents increased by 9 percent in the first 6 months. (references)
		Electricity prices demonstrated a consistent downward trend following the market restructuring in the early 1990s, falling about $1.67/MWh annually. (references)
Economic History	Turkey	In 2001 Turkey witnessed a continuing downward trend in terrorist activity. (references)
	Turkey	In the first half of 2001, a downward trend was observed due to the stagnant economy. (references)
	Guinea	Corruption and a lack of set goals in development are the main causes of this downward turn of the economy. (references)
Political Economy	Spain	Unemployment decreased to 12.8 percent during the year, continuing its downward trend. (references)
	FRANCE	International factors, notably effects of September 11 attacks in the United States, are now creating further downward risks to GDP growth. (references)
	PARAGUAY	The Paraguayan government is heavily dependent on tariff revenue, which will continue to shrink in the near future as Mercosur adjusts downward its common external tariff rate. (references)
Trade	Jamaica	The rate structure was to be revised downward in 4 phases. (references)
	El Salvador	Bank finance for creditworthy borrowers is readily available, and interest rates have trended downward over the past three years. (references)
Worker Rights	Syria	The GFTU transmits instructions downward to the unions and workers but also conveys information to decision makers about worker conditions and needs. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Speaker	Term	Phrase(s)
Ronald Reagan	1981-1989	Regardless of their sincerity, their humanitarian motives, those who would sacrifice freedom for security have embarked on this downward path.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

"Downward" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 98.20% of the time. "Downward" is used about 499 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)	98.2%	490	12,222
Adverb (general)	1.8%	9	117,287
Total	100.00%	499	N/A

The following table summarizes names derived from the word "downward".
Name	Gender	Language	Meaning
Mikloth	N/A	Biblical	Looking downward
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Expressions using "downward": downward closed ♦ downward trend ♦ face downward ♦ movement downward. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "downward": downward-angled, downward-compatible, downward-curving, downward-decreasing, downward-deflected, downward-facing, downward-pointing, downward-shifted, downward-slammed, downward-sloping, downward-swooping.
	Ending with "downward": convex-downward, crease-downward.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "downward"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		tatëpjetë (bevel, decline, declivity, descent, dip, down, downhill, downwards, incline, ramp, slant, slope), në rënie (falling, on the wane). (various references)

Arabic		‏فنازلا, ‏منحدر (aslope, chute, decline, declivity, descending, descent, dipped, downgrade, downhill, inclined, slanted, slope, sloped, sloping, talus), ‏نزولا, ‏سحيق (abysmal, immemorial), ‏الى أسفل. (various references)

Bulgarian		спадащ (refluent), влошаващ се (ingravescent, retrograde), нанадолен (down, downgrade, downhill), по-късен (after, posterior, subsequent, ulterior). (various references)

Chinese		向下 (down). (various references)

Czech		dolù (down, downwards, under, underneath), sestupný. (various references)

Danish		svingninger i nedadgående retning (downward movements), passiv nedadgaaende varmetransport (passive downward heat transport), nedadgaaende tendens (bearish tone, bearish trend, downtrend, downward drift), indfaldsvinkel (angle of attack, angle of incoming wind, angle of penetration, down suction, downward bend of a share point, incidence, pitch, share pitch, share suction, vertical suction), gitterkappen er lige netop stor nok til at afskaere alle nedadrettede roentgenstraaler (the grid cap is just large enough to intercept all the X-rays directed downward), fra en ny roertype var der ingen nedadrettet roentgenstraaling, og det sidevaerts rettede roentgenstraalebaand var mindre og dermed mere homogent fordelt (from a new type of tube there was no downward beam of X-rays and the lateral band of X-rays was much reduced in quantity and more uniformly distributed), /turbo-stoevfaelder eri drift ved hver opadgaaende og/en/ nedadgaaende arbejdsgang af kuludvindingsmaskinen (the turbo dust trap operates during the operational upward or downward run of the winning machine). (various references)

Dutch		de roosterkap is juist groot genoeg om alle omlaag gerichte rontgenstraling op te vangen (the grid cap is just large enough to intercept all the X-rays directed downward), de nuttige bedrijfstijd van de centrifuge-stofvanger is gelijk aan de tijd die de winningsmachine nodig heeft voor de opwaartse en nederwaartse gang (the turbo dust trap operates during the operational upward or downward run of the winning machine), passief neerwaarts warmtetransport (passive downward heat transport), ondergreep (angle of penetration, down suction, downward bend of a share point, pitch, share pitch, share suction, vertical suction), fluctuaties naar beneden (downward movements), een nieuw type buis had geen omlaaggerichte rontgenbundel en de zijwaarts gerichte rontgenband bleek geringer van omvang en gelijkmatiger verdeeld (from a new type of tube there was no downward beam of X-rays and the lateral band of X-rays was much reduced in quantity and more uniformly distributed), baissestemming (bearish tone, bearish trend, downtrend, downward drift). (various references)

Finnish		alaspäin (down), alas (down). (various references)

French		diminution, de haut en bas, D, vers le bas (down, downwards), en pente qui descend (downhill). (various references)

German		abwärts (down, downhill, downwards), absteigend (descending), herunter (down). (various references)

Greek		Μία μικρή πλάγια παρέκκλιση του καλύμματος του πλέγματος σε σχέση με τον κύλινδρο ανόδου ή μία μικρή γωνιακή κλίση του τελευταίου μπορεί ν� (a small lateral misalignment of the grid cap with the anode cylinder or a small angular tilt of the latter could allow X-rays from the target area of the anode to pass downward alongside the grid cap and out through the glass envelope), γωνία διείσδυσης (angle of penetration, down suction, downward bend of a share point, pitch, share pitch, share suction, vertical suction), παθητική μεταφορά θερμότητας προς τα κάτω (passive downward heat transport), πτωτικές κινήσεις (downward movements), πτωτική τάση (downward trend), Το κάλυμμα του πλέγματος είναι μόλις αρκετά μεγάλο για να ανακόψει όλες τις ακτίνες Χ που κατευθύνονται προς τα κάτω. (the grid cap is just large enough to intercept all the X-rays directed downward), Από ένα νέο τύπο λυχνίας,δεν εκπέμπονταν προς τα κάτω καμιά δέσμη ακτίνων Χ και η πλάγια ζώνη ακτίνων Χ ήταν πολύ ελαττωμένη σε ποσότητα και (from a new type of tube there was no downward beam of X-rays and the lateral band of X-rays was much reduced in quantity and more uniformly distributed), οι στροβιλοκινητήριοι συλλέκτες κόνεως λειτουργούν κατά τη διάρκεια της λειτουργίας προς τα άνω ή προς τα κάτω της εξορυκτικής μηχανής (the turbo dust trap operates during the operational upward or downward run of the winning machine). (various references)

Hebrew		מט�" (bed, below, beneath, bier, couch, down, litter, sleeper, under, underneath), כלפי מט�". (various references)

Hungarian		lefelé (down, down the line, downwards). (various references)

Indonesian		tiarap (face downward (to lie), prone), telungkup (face downward), menohok (stab downward), menelungkupkan (place something face downward), menelungkupi (lie face downward on something), menelungkup (lie face downward), gelundung (roll downward), bergelundungan (roll downward). (various references)

Italian		D (Democrats), verso il basso (downhill, downwards), in giù (down, downmost), in diminuzione. (various references)

Japanese Kanji		下降 (descent, drop, fall, subsidence), 下に (below, down). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		しもに (below, down), か�"う (aged 61, chemical engineering, crater, delicacy, descending, descent, drop, estuary, fall, firelight, flower stalk, fragrance of flowers, good-eating fish, manufacturing, manuscript of poem, mouth of river, peduncle, processing, rare treat, river port, subsidence, to enclose, treatment). (various references)

Korean		아래쪽으로 (Downwards). (various references)

Manx		sheese (below, below in motion, down, downwards), neose (down, downwards). (various references)

Pig Latin		ownwardday

Portuguese		descendente (descendent, successor), para baixo (down, downstairs), em direção inferior. (various references)

Romanian		descendent (descendant, descending), de coborâre, coborâtor, în jos (adown, downhill). (various references)

Russian		ухудшающийся (ingravescent), спускающийся (down). (various references)

Scottish		nuas (down, from above). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		silazno, silazni (declining, degressive, descending, falling), nizbrdo (downhill, downwards, skid: on the skid), nadole. (various references)

Spanish		para abajo (down), hacia abajo (down, downwards). (various references)

Swedish		nedåt (down, down along, downwardly, downwards). (various references)

Thai		ล�"ต่ำลง. (various references)

Turkish		düşen (down, falling, incumbent), kötüye doğru, geriye doğru (backward, backwards, rearward, rearwards, retro-), geçmişe doğru, baş aşağı (upside down), azalan (decreasing, decrescent, diminishing, sinking), aşağıya doğru olan, aşağıya doğru (down, downcast, downwards), aşağıya (down, down there, downstairs, downwards, infra, kata-). (various references)

Ukrainian		униз (alow, below, down, down grade, downhill, downstairs, downwards, netherward, under), спадний (degressive, descendant), пригнічений (damp, dead alive, dejected, despondent, dull, heavy-laden, low-spirited, vapourish, woebegone, woeful, woesome), погіршуваний, по низхідній лінії (downwards). (various references)

Vietnamese		xuống (down, downwards, neap, neap-tide), trở về sau (downwards), đi xuống (downwards). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	pessum. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Language	Date	Source	Isaiah Chapter 37, Verse 31
Greek (transliterated)	250 BC	Septuagint	Kai esontai oi kataleleimmenoi en th ioudaia fuhsousin rizan katw kai poihsousin sperma anw
Latin	405	Vulgate	Et mittet id quod salvatum fuerit de domo Iuda et quod reliquum est radicem deorsum et faciet fructum sursum
Middle English	1395	Wyclif	And he shall putte it, that were saued of the hous of Juda, and that is laft setten the roote benethe, and shal make frute aboue;
Jacobean English	1611	King James	And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah shall again take root downward, and bear fruit upward:
Victorian English	1833	Webster	And the remnant that hath escaped of the house of Judah shall again take root downward, and bear fruit upward:
Basic English	1964	Ogden	And those of Judah who are still living will again take root in the earth, and give fruit.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Language	Isaiah Chapter 37, Verse 31
Cebuano	Ug ang salin nga mahabilin sa balay ni Juda manggamot paingon sa ubos ug mamunga paingon sa ibabaw.
Croatian	Preživjeli iz kuæe Judine, žilje æe pustit' u dubinu, plodom rodit' u visinu.
Danish	Den, bjærgede Rest af Judas Hus slår atter Rødder forneden og bærer sin Frugt foroven;
Dutch	Want het ontkomene, dat overgebleven is van het huis van Juda, zal wederom nederwaarts wortelen, en het zal opwaarts vrucht dragen.
Finnish	Ja Juudan heimon pelastuneet, jotka ovat jäljelle jääneet, tekevät taas juurta alaspäin ja hedelmää ylöspäin.
French	Ce qui aura été sauvé de la maison de Juda, ce qui sera resté poussera encore des racines par-dessous, et portera du fruit par-dessus.
German	Denn die Erretteten vom Hause Juda und die übrigbleiben, werden noch wiederum unter sich wurzeln und über sich Frucht tragen.
Hungarian	Júda házának maradványa pedig, a mely megszabadult, ismét gyökeret ver alul, és gyümölcsöt terem felül.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari	Orang Yehuda yang masih hidup akan makmur seperti tanaman yang dalam sekali akarnya dan menghasilkan buah.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama	Karena dari pada isi rumah Yehuda barang yang luput dan yang lagi tinggal itu akan berakar pula di bawah dan berbuah-buah di atas.
Maori	Na, tera e hou ano whakararo nga pakiaka o nga oranga i mawhiti o te whare o Hura, ka hua ano nga hua whakarunga.
Norwegian	Og den rest som har sloppet unda av Judas hus, skal skyte dypere rot nedentil og bære frukt oventil.
Portuguese	Pois o restante da casa de Judá, que sobreviveu, tornará a lançar raízes para baixo, e dará fruto para cima.
Rumanian	Wi ce va mai scqpa din casa lui Iuda, wi ce va mai rqmknea iarqw va prinde rqdqcini de desupt, wi va aduce rod deasupra.
Spanish	Y los sobrevivientes de la casa de Judá, los que habrán quedado, volverán a echar raíces por debajo y a dar fruto por arriba.
Swedish	Och den räddade skaran av Juda hus, som bliver kvar, skall åter skjuta rot nedtill och bära frukt upptill.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "downward": downwardly, downwardness, downwardnesses, downwards. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Downward" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Odenwald. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "downward" (pronounced dou"nwerd)
4	-n w er d	inward, onward, sunward.
3	-w er d	afterward, awkward, backward, buzzword, carryforward, eastward, forward, Hayward, homeward, landward, leeward, leftward, northeastward, northward, outward, poleward, rightward, seaward, shoreward, skyward, southward, straightforward, upward, wayward, westward, windward.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Direct Anagrams: drawdown.
	Words within the letters "a-d-d-n-o-r-w-w"
	-2 letters: drownd, onward.
	-3 letters: adorn, adown, drawn, drown, radon, rowan.
	-4 letters: dado, darn, dawn, dona, down, draw, nard, orad, rand, road, roan, wand, ward, warn, woad, word, worn.
	-5 letters: add, ado, and, awn, dad, daw, don, dor, dow, naw, nod, nor, now, oar, odd, ora, own, rad, ran, raw, rod, row, wad, wan, war, waw.
	Words containing the letters "a-d-d-n-o-r-w-w"
	+1 letter: downwards, drawdowns.
	+2 letters: downwardly.
	+4 letters: downwardness.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

44 6F 77 6E 77 61 72 64

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

⁼

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

-.. --- .--. -. .--. .- .-. -..

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000100 01101111 01110111 01101110 01110111 01100001 01110010 01100100

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#68 &#111 &#119 &#110 &#119 &#97 &#114 &#100

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0044 006F 0077 006E 0077 0061 0072 0064

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
the downward spiral	23	dog downward facing	4
downward experiencing internet passé trend	17	downward inch lyrics nail nine spiral	3
dog downward	16	dog downward toronto	3
downward departure	10	curved downward penis	2
downward	9	downward love spirals	2
downward inch nail nine spiral	7	air downward resistance velocity	2
communication downward	6	downward lighting wall	2
dog downward yoga	5	downward angel	2
downward nin spiral	4	downward probation spiral	2
downward lyrics spiral	4	dog downward toronto yoga	2
		deception downward	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Downward

Definition: Downward

Downward

Adjective

Adverb

Synonyms: Downward

Crosswords: Downward

Modern Usage: Downward

Movie/TV Titles

Commercial Usage: Downward

Books

Music

Image Slideshow: Downward

Photos:Downward

Illustrations:Downward

Computer Images:Downward

Photo Album: Downward

Sounds Captioned with "Downward".

Familiar Quotations: Downward

Henry David Thoreau

Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe

Robert Browning

Robert Burton

Use in Literature: Downward

A Christmas Carol

Dickens, Charles

Grapes of Wrath

Steinbeck, John

Gulliver's Travels

Swift, Jonathan

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David

Non-Fiction Usage: Downward

Speeches: Downward

Ronald Reagan

Usage Frequency: Downward

Derived & Related Names: Downward

Expressions: Downward

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Downward

Modern Translation: Downward

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Finnish

French

German

Greek

Hebrew

Hungarian

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese Kanji

Japanese Katakana

Korean

Manx

Pig Latin

Portuguese

Romanian

Russian

Scottish

Serbo-Croatian

Spanish

Swedish

Thai

Turkish

Ukrainian

Vietnamese

Ancestral Language Translations: Downward

Bible Trace: Downward

Matched Bible Translations: Downward

Derivations & Misspellings: Downward

Derivations

Misspellings

Rhyming with "Downward"

Anagrams: Downward

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Photos:
Downward

Illustrations:
Downward

Computer Images:
Downward