Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Discourage

Definition: Discourage

Discourage

Verb

1. Try to prevent; show opposition to: "We should discourage this practice among our youth".

2. Deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged.

3. Admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior; "I warned him not to go too far";"I warn you against false assumptions"; "She warned him to be quiet".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "discourage" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1509. (references)


Synonyms: Discourage

Synonyms: admonish (v), deter (v), monish (v), warn (v). (additional references)
Antonym: encourage (v). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Discourage

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Dejection

Depress; discourage, dishearten; dispirit; damp, dull, deject, lower, sink, dash, knock down, unman, prostrate, break one's heart; frown upon; cast a gloom, cast a shade on; sadden; damp one's hopes, dash one's hopes, wither one's hopes; weigh on the mind, lie heavy on the mind, prey on the mind, weigh on the spirits, lie heavy on the spirits, prey on the spirits; damp the spirits, depress the spirits.

Disappointment

Disappoint; frustrate, discomfit, crush, defeat (failure); crush one's hope, dash one's hope, balk one's hope, disappoint one's hope, blight one's hope, falsify one's hope, defeat one's hope, discourage; balk, jilt, bilk; play one false, play a trick; dash the cup from the lips, tantalize; dumfound, dumbfound, dumbfounder, dumfounder (astonish).

Dissuasion

Disincline, indispose, shake, stagger; dispirit; discourage, dishearten; deter; repress, hold back, keep back; (restrain); render averse; repel; turn aside; (deviation); wean from; act as a drag; (hinder); throw cold water on, damp, cool, chill, blunt, calm, quiet, quench; deprecate.

Fear

Put in fear, put in bodily fear; terrorize, intimidate, cow, daunt, overawe, abash, deter, discourage; browbeat, bully; threaten.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Discourage

English words defined with "discourage": browbeat, bullychilldamp, deterhypercriticalOutlaugh, overcriticalporcupine provision, prohibitive, prohibitoryshark repellent, stock buyback, swaggerTo depress the pole. (references)
Specialty definitions using "discourage": Alcohol DeterrentsBank Protection Act of 1968, BANK-NOTE DESIGNERCholinergic Agents, Contour PlowingElevatorimport surchargejunior mortgageLazyNew Zealand Dairy Boardspaghetti inheritance, Supply "to". (references)

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Modern Usage: Discourage

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Surely Rome understands that public executions discourage sin (The Pit and the Pendulum; writing credit: Dennis Paoli; Edgar Allan Poe)

Didn't that discourage you about drinking (Paint Your Wagon; writing credit: Paddy Chayefsky; Alan Jay Lerner)

Lyrics

Nothin will discourage me (Ready Or Not; performing artist: After 7)

Clever

You can tell how big a person is by what it takes to discourage him. (references; author: unknown)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Discourage

DomainTitle

Books

  • Does Need-Based Student Aid Discourage Saving for College? (reference)

  • Encouraging the Discourage Child: Boostiong Your Child's Self-Confidence (reference)

  • How Government Policies Discourage Savings [DOWNLOAD: PDF] (reference)

  • Save American Jobs Act : hearing before the Subcommittee on Labor of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, on S. 2311, to discourage American employers from eliminating American jobs (reference)

  • The Pan-American Dream: Do Latin America's Cultural Values Discourage True Partnership With the United States and Canada (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Discourage

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

A hazard of a diving marine biologist. Hammers on the head tend to discourage attack. Carcharinis Limbatus - grey shark on a murky day at the reef. Credit: The Coral Kingdom.

Plastic bags are meant to discourage boobies from landing on the masthead. Apparently they don't work. On the NOAA Ship McARTHUR during STAR 2000 operations in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

More and more citizens are voluntarily labeling storm sewers to discourage people from dumping any pollutants into them that would eventually reach water supplies. Credit: Amy Smith.

The positive approach to discourage young people from smoking. / WHO/American Cancer Socitey photo. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Discourage

AuthorQuotation

William Ellery Channing

Difficulties are meant to rouse, not discourage. The human spirit is to grow strong by conflict.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Discourage

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

They discourage existence

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Discourage

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Apply repellants to discourage tick attachment. (references)

Discourage nail-biting and scratching bare anal areas. (references)

Nor does such instruction discourage young people from taking steroids in the future. (references)

Business

Although many webshops are struggling with small sales, it does not seem to discourage new entrants. (references)

Some claim that the regulations discourage investors and also cause problems when hiring foreign staff. (references)

They are directed at all such efforts and not used or designed specifically to discourage foreign investment. (references)

Children

Kyrgyz Republic

Cultural traditions and social structures discourage victims from going to the authorities. (references)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

In a small number of cases, local communities attempted to discourage Romani children from attending their schools. (references)

Cape Verde

The decision, which was intended to protect mother and child and to discourage early pregnancy, was very controversial. (references)

Civil Liberties

Vietnam

Friends have been allowed to visit him, but say authorities discourage visits. (references)

Cyprus

Republic of Cyprus authorities discourage travel to the northern part of the island. (references)

Burma

In at least one instance in the past, clergy were beaten to discourage proselytizing. (references)

Economic History

Kenya

High U.S. prices also discourage would-be importers. (references)

Guyana

This uncertainty continues to discourage investment. (references)

Jordan

Jordan has an adequate legal framework to discourage corruption. (references)

Human Rights

Burma

Army troops reportedly burned villages and laid landmines to discourage villagers from returning. (references)

United Kingdom

Sinn Fein has refused to participate and stated that it will discourage Catholics from joining the police. (references)

Tunisia

They also claim that erratic court schedules and procedures are designed to deter and discourage observers of political trials. (references)

Minorities

Greece

Members of the minority asserted that the Government pursues a policy designed to discourage use of their dialect. (references)

Russia

Police also contacted representatives of ethnically-based associations in Moscow to discourage them from reprisals. (references)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hard-line Bosnian Croats continued to discourage some Croat returns to central Bosnia and actively have recruited displaced Croats to resettle in Herzegovina; however this intimidation has decreased. (references)

Political Economy

BOLIVIA

Weak enforcement of existing laws has done little to discourage piracy in Bolivia. (references)

HONDURAS

Such cases, however, serve to discourage workers elsewhere from attempting to organize. (references)

Burma

The U.S. Government has an official policy to neither encourage nor discourage trade with Burma. (references)

Trade

Pakistan

High interest rates combine with high start-up costs to discourage initiatives in the consumer sector. (references)

Chile

In particular, the application of certain requirements for poultry is a non-tariff barrier seemingly meant to discourage imports. (references)

Travel

Ukraine

It is illegal to exchange money outside of exchange points, and we strongly discourage doing so. (references)

Women

Jordan

Social pressures discourage many women from pursuing professional careers. (references)

Latvia

Cultural factors tend to discourage women from coming forth publicly with complaints of abuse. (references)

Ethiopia

The Government also is working to discourage the practice of FGM through education in public schools. (references)

Worker Rights

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Witnesses often are threatened by traffickers to discourage them from testifying. (references)

Honduras

Cases of firings and harassment serve to discourage workers elsewhere from attempting to organize. (references)

Russia

Management and FNPR local unions often worked together to discourage the establishment of new unions. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Spoken Usage: Discourage

SpeakerPhrase(s)

Dennis Miller

I say if you really want to discourage people from doing drugs, legalize everything for a year and encourage people to experiment.

John E. Sununu

Well, I've always supported cutting capital gains taxes, because they do discourage investment and economic growth. But I think where the tax code is concerned, the most important thing we could do right now is simplify it, reform it.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Speeches: Discourage

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Harry S. Truman

1945-1953By legislation and by administration we must take specific steps to discourage the formation or the strengthening of competition-restricting business.

Gerald Ford

1974-1977If we follow prudent policies that encourage productive investment and discourage destructive inflation, we will come out on top, and I am sure we will.

Jimmy Carter

1977-1981Ratifying the Panama Canal treaties will demonstrate our good faith to the world, discourage the spread of hostile ideologies in this hemisphere, and directly contribute to the economic well-being and the security of the United States.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Discourage

"Discourage" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 88.77% of the time. "Discourage" is used about 463 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (infinitive)88.77%41113,718
Lexical Verb (base form)10.58%4948,677
Noun (singular)0.65%3202,518
                    Total100.00%463N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Discourage

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

discourage

14
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Discourage

Language Translations for "discourage"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Afrikaans

  

afskrik (abhorrence, abomination, deter, horror, scare). (various references)

   

Albanian

  

dekurajoj, dëshpëroj (cast down, despair, dishearten, dispirit, embitter, get down, sadden), shkurajoj (dishearten, dispirit, unnerve), prapësoj (move back, repel, turn), kundërshtoj (censure, challenge, combat, condemn, contest, contradict, controvert, counter, cross, demur, deprecate, discountenance, dispute, flout, fly in the face of, gainsay, impugn, kick, mind, object, oppose, oppugn, protest, react, rebel, rebuke, rebut, recalcitrate, refuse, resist, retort, set one's face against, stick to, stickle, Stonewall, take exception to), i kundërvihem (antagonize, buck, censure, confront, stand up to), i heq besimin, e bëj të heqë dorë, bëj i pavlerë, bëj i pakëndshëm. (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏حاول أن يثنيه عن, ‏عاق (baffle, balk, block, cramp, delay, derange, detain, deter, dirty, disloyal, disturb, embarrass, encumber, estop, handicap, hinder, hobble, hurt, impede, impious, interrupt, penalize, preclude, prevent, retard, set back, shackle, stifle, thankless, thwart, tie up, trammel, trap, undutiful, ungrateful, unthankful), ‏ثبط العزيمة (dishearten). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

разубеждавам (deter, dissuade, indispose, put off, reason out of), отчайвам (disharden, dispirit, prostrate), обезсърчавам (damp, dampen, daunt, discountenance, dishearten, dispirit, pour cold water on), попречвам на (baffle, head off, short circuit, snag, weigh against, withhold). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

劝阻 (Discouraged, Discouraging). (various references)

   

Czech

  

zrazovat (advise, dissuade), zastrašit (browbeat, cow, daunt, intimidate, overawe), vzít komu odvahu, srážet (condense), odrazovat (dishearten, dissuade, expostulate), odradit (dissuade, draw back, pour cold water on, scare off). (various references)

   

Danish

  

får en trejdepart til at afholde sig fra at eksportere (to discourage a third party from exporting). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

verjagen (chase away, deter, drive away, expel, scare), afschrikken (deter, scare). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

fortimigi (deter, scare). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

سست کردن (Enervate, Inactivate, Loosen, Slacken, Weaken), دلسردکردن (Dishearten, Disspirit, Dissuade, Estrange, Unnerve), بی جرات ساختن . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

tehdä alakuloiseksi (depress), masentaa (dishearten), lannistaa (crush a person's spirit, dishearten, overcome, subdue), lamauttaa (depress, dishearten, paralyze, stun). (various references)

   

French

  

décourager (dishearten, dispirit, dissatisfy), décourageons, découragent, repousser (disapprove, disapprove of), rebuter (dishearten, dispirit), essayer de dissuader, abattre (dig up, dispatch, dispirit). (various references)

   

Frisian

  

ôfskrikke (deter, scare). (various references)

   

German

  

entmutigen (chill, dampen, daunt, deject, demoralize, depress, dishearten, dispirit, frustrate, pull down, to daunt, to deject, to discourage, to dishearten, to dispirit, unman, unnerve). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

αποθαρρύνω (bar, daunt, demoralize, discountenance, dishearten, dispirit, put off). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

ל"רתיע (deter, startle), ל"רפות י"י (dispirit), לרפות י"ים (dishearten, dismay). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

elriaszt (deter, to affray, to deter, to frighten away, to frighten off, to scare off, to warn off, warn off), elbátortalanít (pour cold water on, to discourage, to unman, to unnerve, to unstring, unnerve, unstrung). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

mengecilkan hati (dishearten), mematahkan (discouraging). (various references)

   

Italian

  

spaventare (alarm, be frightened, deter, frighten, get scared, scare, startle), scoraggiare (be discouraged, daunt, deject, demoralize, deter, dishearten, dispirit), impaurire (be scared, deter, frighten, get frightened, scare). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

낙담하십시". (various references)

   

Manx

  

lhiettal (clog, counteract, hinder, impede, inhibit, intercept, obstruct, prevent, prevention, restrain, restrict, stop down, veto), cur ass cree (demoralization, demoralize, depress, dishearten). (various references)

   

Norwegian

  

ta motet ifra. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

iscourageday.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

dissuadir (deter, deterge, dissuade, put off), desencorajar (daunt, depress, deter, dishearten, dispirit, unman, unnerve), desanime, desanimar (chill, collapse, damp, deject, depress, despair, despond, discount, dishearten, dismay, dispirit, drench, flatten, quail, throw cold water on, unman, unnerve), arrefecer (cool, douse, freshen, quench, rub up). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

descuraja (beat down, bring low, cast down, chill, damp, dash, daunt, deject, depress, deter, dishearten, dismay, dispirit, face down, flatten, mope, scare, unnerve). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

обескураживать (damp, daunt, dishearten, wet blanket, wet-blanket). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

odvratiti (answer back, avert, dissuade, distract, divert, head off, turn away), odgovoriti (answer, dissuade, re-join, replicate, reply), obeshrabriti (daunt, deject, depress, dishearten, pour cold water on, wet blanket). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

espantar (appal, appall, deter, dismay, frighten, frighten off, horrify, scare, scare away, scare off, shoo, terrify), desanimar (damp, dampen, demoralize, despond, dishearten, dispirit, get down, put off). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

avskräcka (choke off, deter, discountenance, frighten, intimidate). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

yıldırmak (appall, be a disincentive to, browbeat, cow, daunt, deter, frustrate, mau-mau), vazgeçirmek (argue smb. out of smth., choke back, choke off, dissuade, talk smb. out of smth., wean, wean away from), hevesini kırmak (damp smb.'s ardour, devitalize, dishearten, indispose), hayal kırıklığına uğratmak (chagrin, disappoint, frustrate, let down), cesaretini kırmak (be a disincentive to, dash, daunt, demoralize, dishearten, dispirit, enervate, screw up one's courage, tame, unman, unnerve). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

відмовляти (debar, deny, disallow, malfunction, notice, persuade, refuse, say no, withhold), знеохочувати, бентежити (abash, affront, bewilder, confound, confuse, damp, dank, daunt, disarray, discomfit, disconcert, dismay, disorder, embarrass, embrangle, flummox, muddle, overset, perplex, perturb, puddle, puzzle, upturn), перешкоджати (baffle, balk, bar, barrier in, baulk, block, check, clog, counteract, cumber, debar, forbid, handicap, impede, inhibit, militate, prevent, set back, tie up, trammel). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

digalonni (appall, dishearten), anghefnogi. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Discourage

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

adflicto affligo, deterreat, deterrebit, deterrere, fractae, fracti, fractione, fractionis, fractis, fracto, fractum, fractura, fracturam, fractus, frange, frangebat, frangendum, frangensque, frangent, frangentes, frangerentur, frangeret, franges, frangetur, frangimus, frangit, fregerunt, fregi, fregisset, fregit, infregi, infringo, infringo infregi infractum, infringo, infregi, infractum. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Bible Trace: Discourage

LanguageDateSourceNumbers Chapter 32, Verse 7
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintKai ina ti diastrefete taV dianoiaV twn uiwn israhl mh diabhnai eiV thn ghn hn kurioV didwsin autoiV
Latin405VulgateCur subvertitis mentes filiorum Israhel ne transire audeant in locum quem eis daturus est Dominus
Middle English1395WyclifWhi mysturnen ye the thouytes of the sones of Irael, that thei doren not passe into the place that the Lord is to yyuynge to hem?
Renaissance English1526TyndaleWherfore discorage ye the hertes of the children of Israel for to goo ouer into the londe which the Lorde hath geue them?
Jacobean English1611King JamesAnd wherefore discourage ye the heart of the children of Israel from going over into the land which the LORD hath given them?
Victorian English1833WebsterAnd why discourage ye the heart of the children of Israel from going over into the land which the LORD hath given them?
Basic English1964OgdenWhy would you take from the children of Israel the desire to go over into the land which the Lord has given them?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Discourage

LanguageNumbers Chapter 32, Verse 7
CebuanoUg ngano nga magapaluya kamo sa kasingkasing sa mga anak sa Israel gikan sa tinguha sa pagtabok sa Jordan ngadto sa yuta nga gihatag ni Jehova kanila?
CroatianZašto odvraæate srca Izraelaca da ne prijeðu u zemlju koju im je Jahve predao?
DanishOg hvorfor vil I betage Israelitterne Modet til at drage over til det Land, HERREN har givet dem?
DutchWaarom toch zult gij het hart der kinderen Israels breken, dat zij niet overtrekken naar het land, dat de HEERE hun gegeven heeft?
FinnishMiksi viette israelilaisilta halun mennä siihen maahan, jonka Herra on heille antanut?
FrenchPourquoi voulez-vous décourager les enfants d`Israël de passer dans le pays que l`Éternel leur donne?
GermanWarum macht ihr der Kinder Israel Herzen abwendig, daß sie nicht hinüberziehen in das Land, das ihnen der HERR geben wird?
Haitian CreolePoukisa nou vle dekouraje moun pèp Izrayèl yo pou yo pa ale nan peyi Seyè a ba yo a?
HungarianÉs miért idegenítitek el Izráel fiainak szívét, hogy által ne menjenek a földre, a melyet adott nékik az Úr?
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariMengapa kamu mau membuat bangsa Israel takut untuk menyeberangi Sungai Yordan dan masuk ke negeri yang diberikan TUHAN kepada mereka?
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaMengapa maka kamu membujuk hati bani Israel kepada perkara bodoh ini, sehingga tiada mereka itu menyeberang kelak ke dalam negeri yang dianugerahkan Tuhan kepadanya?
ItalianPerché volete scoraggiare gli Israeliti dal passare nel paese che il Signore ha dato loro?
MaoriHe aha koutou i pehi ai i te ngakau o nga tama a Iharaira kia kaua e whiti ki te whenua i homai e Ihowa ki a ratou?
NorwegianHvorfor vil I vende Israels barns hu bort, så de ikke vil dra over til det land Herren hat gitt dem?
PortuguesePor que, pois, desanimais o coração dos filhos de Israel, para eles não passarem terra que o Senhor lhes deu?   
RumanianPentru ce voiyi sq muiayi inima copiilor lui Israel wi sq -i faceyi sq nu treacq kn yara pe care le -o dq Domnul?
Spanish¿Por qué desalentáis a los hijos de Israel, de modo que no crucen a la tierra que les ha dado Jehovah?
SwedishVarför viljen I avvända Israels barns hjärtan från att gå över floden, in i det land som HERREN har givit åt dem?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Discourage

Derivations

Words beginning with "discourage": discourageable, discouraged, discouragement, discouragements, discourager, discouragers, discourages. (additional references)

Words containing "discourage": undiscouraged. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Discourage" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: dicurane, Dioscorea, discourge, Tiecoura. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Discourage"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "discourage" (pronounced di'sker"ij)
4-k er" i jencourage.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Discourage

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-c-d-e-g-i-o-r-s-u"

-2 letters: caroused, cordages, courages, disgrace, edacious, gracious, idocrase, scourged, scrouged.

-3 letters: acerous, aerugos, aroused, cadgers, cargoes, carious, carouse, codeias, codgers, cordage, corsage, cougars, courage, coursed, cruised, crusade, crusado, curiosa, desugar, dogears, drogues, ergodic, gaudier, gaudies, giaours, gourdes, groused, guiders, guisard, radices, residua, roadies, sarcoid, saucier, scoriae, scoured, scourge, scrouge, sidecar, socager, sourced, sugared.

 Words containing the letters "a-c-d-e-g-i-o-r-s-u"
 

+1 letter: discouraged, discourager, discourages.

 

+2 letters: discouragers.

 

+3 letters: glucuronidase, undercoatings, undiscouraged.

 

+4 letters: countershading, discourageable, discouragement, glucuronidases, subcategorized.

 

+5 letters: countershadings, discouragements, grandiloquences.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Quotations: Familiar
8. Quotations: Fiction
9. Quotations: Non-fiction
10. Quotations: Spoken
11. Quotations: Speeches
12. Usage Frequency
13. Expressions: Internet
14. Translations: Modern
15. Translations: Ancient
16. Bible Trace
17. Derivations
18. Rhymes
19. Anagrams
20. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.