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Definition: Difficult |
DifficultAdjective1. Not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure; "a difficult task"; "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access"; "difficult times"; "a difficult child"; "found himself in a difficult situation"; "why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?". 2. Requiring much effort and trouble; "the mountain climb was long, steep, and difficult". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "difficult" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Complexity Theory is part of the theory of computation dealing with the resources required during computation to solve a given problem. The most common resources are time (how many steps does it take to solve a problem) and space (how much memory does it take to solve a problem). Other resources can also be considered, such as how many parallel processors are needed to solve a problem in parallel. Complexity theory differs from computability theory, which deals with whether a problem can be solved at all, regardless of the resources required.A single "problem" is an entire set of related questions, where each question is a finite-length string. For example, the problem FACTORIZE is: given an integer written in binary, return all of the prime factors of that number. A particular question is called an instance. For example, "give the factors of the number 15" is one instance of the FACTORIZE problem.
The time complexity of a problem is the number of steps that it takes to solve an instance of the problem, as a function of the size of the input, (usually measured in bits) using the most efficient algorithm. This can be intuitively thought of as the If an instance that is n bits long can be solved in n2 steps, then we say it has a time complexity of n2. Of course, the exact number of steps will depend on exactly what machine or language is being used. To avoid that problem, we generally use Big O notation. If a problem has time complexity O(n2) on one typical computer, then it will also have complexity O(n2) on most other computers, so this notation allows us to generalize away from the details of a particular computer.
Example: Mowing grass has linear complexity because it takes double the time to mow double the area. However, looking up something in a dictionary has only logarithmic complexity because for a double sized dictionary you have to open it only one time more (e.g. exactly in the middle - then the problem is reduced to the half).
Decision Problems
Much of complexity theory deals with decision problems. A decision problem is a problem where the answer is always YES/NO. For example, the problem IS-PRIME is: given an integer written in binary, return whether it is a prime number or not. A decision problem is equivalent to a language, which is a set of finite-length strings. For a given decision problem, the equivalent language is the set of all strings for which the answer is YES.
Decision problems are often considered because an arbitrary problem can always be reduced to a decision problem. For example, the problem HAS-FACTOR is: given integers n and k written in binary, return whether n has any prime factors less than k. If we can solve HAS-FACTOR with a certain amount of resources, then we can use that solution to solve FACTORIZE without much more resources. Just do a binary search on k until you find the smallest factor of n. Then divide out that factor, and repeat until you find all the factors.
Complexity theory often makes a distinction between YES answers and NO answers. For example, the set NP is defined as the set of problems where the YES instances can be checked quickly. The set Co-NP is the set of problems where the NO instances can be checked quickly. The "Co" in the name stands for "complement". The complement of a problem is one where all the YES and NO answers are swapped, such as IS-COMPOSITE for IS-PRIME.
The P=NP Question
The set P is the set of decision problems that can be solved by a deterministic machine in polynomial time. The set NP is the set of decision problems that can be solved by a non-deterministic machine in polynomial time. The question of whether P is the same set as NP is the most important open question in theoretical computer science. There is even a $1,000,000 prize for solving it. (See Complexity classes P and NP and oracles).
Questions like this motivate the concepts of hard and complete. A set of problems X is hard for a set of problems Y if every problem in Y can be transformed easily into some problem in X with the same answer. The definition of "easily" is different in different contexts. The most important hard set is NP-hard. Set X is complete for Y if it is hard for Y, and is also a subset of Y. The most important complete set is NP-complete. See the articles on those two sets for more detail on the definition of "hard" and "complete".
Famous Complexity Classes
The following are some of the classes of problems considered in complexity theory, along with rough definitions. See computation for a chart showing which classes are subsets of other classes.
Many of these classes have a 'Co' partner (ie NP and Co-NP) which consists of the complements of all languages in the original class. For example if L is in NP then the complement of L is in Co-NP. (This doesn't mean that the complement of NP is Co-NP). So, if you don't see a class listed (such as Co-UP) you should look under its partner (such as UP).
P Solvable in polynomial time (see Complexity classes P and NP) NP YES answers checkable in polynomial time (see Complexity classes P and NP) Co-NP NO answers checkable in polynomial time NP-complete The hardest problems in NP Co-NP-complete The hardest problems in Co-NP NP-hard Either NP-complete or harder NP-easy non-decision-problem analogue to NP NP-equivalent non-decision-problem analogue to NP-complete UP Unambiguous Non-Deterministic Polytime functions. #P Count solutions to an NP problem #P-complete The hardest problems in #P NC Solvable efficiently on parallel computers P-complete The hardest problems in P to solve on parallel computers PSPACE Solvable with polynomial memory and unlimited time PSPACE-complete The hardest problems in PSPACE EXPTIME Solvable with exponential time EXPSPACE Solvable with exponential memory and unlimited time BQP Solvable in polynomial time on a quantum computer (answer is probably right) BPP Solvable in polynomial time by randomized algorithms (answer is probably right) RP Solvable in polynomial time by randomized algorithms (NO answer is probably right, YES is certainly right) ZPP Solvable by randomized algorithms (answer is always right, average running time is polynomial) PCP Checkable in polynomial time by a randomized algorithm.
Notable Researchers
- Stephen Cook
- Juris Hartmanis
- Richard Stearns
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Computational complexity theory."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| DITLA | English | Agricultural literature in difficult languages | Food & Agriculture, Publishing & Graphic Arts |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: DifficultSynonym: hard (adj). (additional references) |
| Antonym: easy (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Difficulty | Verb: be difficult; Adjective: run one hard, go against the grain, try one's patience, put one out; put to one's shifts, put to one's wit's end; go hard with one, try one; pose, perplex; (uncertain); bother, nonplus, gravel, bring to a deadlock; be impossible; be in the way of; (hinder). |
Render difficult; Adjective: enmesh, encumber, embarrass, ravel, entangle; put a spoke in the wheel; (hinder); lead a pretty dance. | |
Adjective: difficult, not easy, hard, tough; troublesome, toilsome, irksome; operose, laborious, onerous, arduous, Herculean, formidable; sooner said than done; more easily said than done, easier said than done. | |
Difficult to deal with, hard to deal with; ill-conditioned, crabbed, crabby; not to be handled with kid gloves, not made with rose water. | |
Fastidiousness | Adjective: fastidious, nice, delicate, delicat, finical, finicky, demanding, meticulous, exacting, strict, anal, difficult, dainty, lickerish, squeamish, thin-skinned; squeasy, queasy; hard to please, difficult to please; querulous, particular, straitlaced, scrupulous; censorious; hypercritical; overcritical. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Difficult |
| Specialty definitions using "difficult": difficult area ♦ provably difficult. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "difficult": Uneasy. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Difficult" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. Italian (difficile). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | The human spirit, it is a very difficult thing to kill (The Addams Family; writing credit: Caroline Thompson) Why do you make things difficult for me (Miss Congeniality; writing credit: Marc Lawrence; Katie Ford) I'm looking for Wayne, I'm very concerned about him he seems to be going through a difficult phase right now, yah know (Wayne's World; writing credit: Mike Myers) It's not difficult to surmise Nathan's feelings towards killing these guards; and my own proclivities are well-known and often-lamented facts of penal lore (Con Air; writing credit: Scott Rosenberg) Shouldn't be too difficult -- just follow the mayhem (Birds of Prey; writing credit: Adam Armus; Nora Kay Foster) | |
Clever | Uses Logic On Difficult Jobs: Gets someone else to do it. (references; author: unknown) It is difficult to "go with the flow" when you are swimming upstream. (references; author: unknown) There is nothing so easy but that it becomes difficult when you do it with reluctance. (references; author: unknown) There are times when forgetting can be just as important as remembering, and even more difficult. (references; author: unknown) Be thankful for problems. If they were less difficult, someone with less ability might have your job. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Goodrich Dirt in a Difficult Delivery (1918) A Difficult Woman (1998) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Pictured is a lab setting. There are four scientists all seated and looking through at a four-headed microscope. They are all wearing white lab coats. The simultaneous examination of tissue from a difficult case assists pathologists in their diagnosis. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). | Shown are 2 mammograms of normal dense breasts. A dense breast makes a mammographic image difficult to read when and if cancerous lesions are present. These images are typical of breast of younger women. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. | ||
Darkfield microscopy involves the application of light rays in an oblique manner to microscopic specimens in order to illuminate these organisms, which are normally difficult to see using normal lighting techniques. Credit: CDC. | Pneumoconiosis, or Black Lung Disease, is a job related disease caused by continued exposure to excessive amounts of coal mine dust. This dust becomes imbedded in the lungs, causing them to harden, making breathing very difficult. Credit: CDC. | ||
![]() | A swampy shoreline at dusk Hundreds of islands make mapping work difficult. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. | ![]() | Without buildings and markers, it would be difficult to tell which way is up on this gray day. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
![]() | A 400 kilogram (880 pounds) tuna is landed by eight fishermen. This is a difficult and dangerous time when synchronized effort is required to land the tuna. Poor timing can cause the poles to break and a fisherman to land in the water. Some fishermen have died in this manner after falling overboard and being struck by the tuna tails. Credit: Fisheries. | ![]() | Investigating some of biota on the reef took close observations in difficult circumstances. Credit: The Coral Kingdom. |
![]() | Figure 12. Borgert net devised by Dr. Adolph Borgert of Hamburg in 1893. Having found the Hensen and Buchet nets too heavy, too complicated, and difficult to manage, and too expensive, Dr. Borgert designed this net for collecting plankton at the surface at high speed. This net was first tested from the steamer BARCELONA between Hamburg and the western Mediterranean. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. | ![]() | Figure 14. Apstein plankton tube. Above: Top view. Below: bottom view. Invented by Carl Apstein who had been studying lake fauna. Apstein collaborated with Hensen to work in the Baltic and North Seas. Apstein perceived quickly that methods of work would have to vary considerably from lake work and made thi s instrument for collecting small plankton under difficult conditions. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Inside computers 6" by Marcio Simioni Commentary: "Well, I needed some photos like this to use in an ad and it was really difficult to find. So, if someone needs it now, won't have to open the cpu." | "Flying" by Joanka Betlej Commentary: "It't difficult to catch a pigeon flying." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
| A guitar solo playing a very difficult, slow minor melody. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
(Decimus Junius Juvenalis) Juvenal | It is difficult not to write satire. |
Benedict Spinoza | All excellent things are as difficult as they are rare. |
Homer | The Olympian is a difficult foe to oppose. |
Horace | My liver swells with bile difficult to repress. |
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe | Sowing is not as difficult as reaping. |
Plutarch | To find a fault is easy; to do better may be difficult. |
Samuel Johnson | Difficult do you call it, Sir? I wish it were impossible. |
William Cowper | A life of ease is a difficult pursuit. |
| The life of ease is a difficult pursuit. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | But this being supposed, it seems to some a very great difficulty, how any one should ever come to have a property in any thing: I will not content myself to answer, that if it be difficult to make out property, upon a supposition that God gave the world to Adam, and his posterity in common, it is impossible that any man, but one universal monarch, should have any property upon a supposition, that God gave the world to Adam, and his heirs in succession, exclusive of all the rest of his posterity. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | They recognise that differences of climate, habits, and customs, of economic opportunity and industrial tradition, make strict uniformity in the conditions of labour difficult of immediate attainment. (reference) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | What is needed is a settlement, and the longer this is delayed, the more difficult it will be and the greater our dangers will become. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | It is very difficult for the prosperous to be humble |
Alice in Wonderland | Carroll, Lewis | Came to the conclusion that it was a very difficult game indeed |
A Christmas Carol | Dickens, Charles | But for this it would have been difficult to detach its figure from the night, and separate it from the darkness by which it was surrounded |
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy | Douglas Adams | There was something very slightly odd about him, but it was difficult to say what it was. Perhaps it was that his eyes didn't blink often enough and when you talked to him for any length of time your eyes began involuntarily to water on his behalf |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | It is difficult not to reflect for a moment here |
Trainspotting | Irvine Welsh | Renton knows how difficult it is. He'd spent many an evening practising the skill in front of the mirror, but both brows kept elevating simultaneously |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | A gentle kick from the tall boy in the bench behind urged Stephen to ask a difficult question |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | This makes diagnosis difficult. (references) | |
Yes, but treatment can be difficult. (references) | ||
Finding the proper facility can itself prove difficult. (references) | ||
Business | Exporting itself is not difficult. (references) | |
This remains a difficult challenge. (references) | ||
Investment projections by the public sector are difficult to make. (references) | ||
Children | Kyrgyz Republic | These costs are difficult for families, particularly large ones, to bear. (references) |
Cape Verde | The inefficiencies of the judicial system made it difficult for government institutions to address the problem. (references) | |
Panama | Placement remains difficult despite a 1993 executive order granting tax incentives to firms that hire disabled employees. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Burundi | Some IDP's were difficult to access. (references) |
Iran | However, education of Jewish children has become more difficult in recent years. (references) | |
Georgia | Regular and reliable information about separatist-controlled Abkhazia is difficult to obtain. (references) | |
Discrimination | Panama | Cases of discrimination are difficult to prove, and legal remedies for victims are complicated, time-consuming, and costly. (references) |
Economic History | Japan | This can be a difficult market. (references) |
Costa Rica | The fiscal situation is more difficult. (references) | |
Human Rights | Vietnam | However, many of the names included on these lists are difficult to verify. (references) |
Thailand | Prison authorities sometimes used solitary confinement to punish difficult prisoners. (references) | |
Congo | Throughout the year, it was difficult to identify the armed groups responsible for attacks. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Paraguay | Furthermore, many indigenous people find it difficult to travel to the capital to solicit land titles or process the required documentation for land ownership. (references) |
Peru | Poor transportation and communications infrastructure in the highlands and in the Amazon jungle region makes political mobilization and organization difficult. (references) | |
Minorities | Brazil | Conditions are even more difficult for Afro-Brazilian women. (references) |
Political Economy | RUSSIA | The right to strike is difficult to exercise. (references) |
COSTA RICA | Resolution of investment disputes remains difficult, however. (references) | |
Latvia | In contrast, Latvia's relations with Russia remain difficult. (references) | |
Political Rights | Tunisia | The ruling RCD party so dominates all levels of political activity that credible electoral challenges have been extremely difficult. (references) |
Madagascar | Other parties criticized the elections as poorly organized and fraudulent; a lack of transparency made it difficult to assess reliably the extent of abuses. (references) | |
Senegal | In addition political parties often rank women low on party lists, making it difficult for them to be elected to the National Assembly or to be appointed ministers. (references) | |
Trade | Japan | Thus, the import process is at times slow and difficult. (references) |
Chad | Medium term loans are difficult to obtain, as lending criteria are rigid. (references) | |
Kenya | Some U.S. firms may find packaging and labeling requirements difficult to meet. (references) | |
Travel | Netherlands | Housing is often difficult to find and rents vary widely. (references) |
Luxembourg | Resident visas are difficult to obtain for non-EU citizens. (references) | |
Mexico | Rental cars are very expensive (around U.S.$100/day and up) and Mexico City is difficult to navigate. (references) | |
Women | Morocco | Rural women perform difficult physical labor. (references) |
Senegal | Moreover traditional practices make it difficult for women to obtain bank credit. (references) | |
Georgia | Domestic violence continued to rise as economic conditions became more difficult. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Albania | Many workers look for second jobs, which are difficult to find. (references) |
Cyprus | Estimates on the extent of the problem are difficult to obtain. (references) | |
Armenia | Reliable information on trafficking has been difficult to obtain. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | NOUMENON, n. That which exists, as distinguished from that which merely seems to exist, the latter being a phenomenon. The noumenon is a bit difficult to locate; it can be apprehended only be a process of reasoning -- which is a phenomenon. Nevertheless, the discovery and exposition of noumena offer a rich field for what Lewes calls "the endless variety and excitement of philosophic thought." Hurrah (therefore) for the noumenon! |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | The balance between a free society and a safe society is a difficult one. |
Elizabeth Taylor | Just difficult. Mine was completely different. I loved Michael. But we lived together like brother and sister. And I was too young. I was just too young for that. |
Gene Wilder | Whatever anyone might have read in the book, that was only the start. It got much worse after that. It was very difficult. |
Mariane Pearl | Good days, bad days, of course. It is difficult. I mean, personally, of course, but also, I do have a lot of strength also. |
Marlo Thomas | Really. It would be very hard to do in a series, I think, week after week if you didn't like each other. I think that would be quite difficult. |
Mary Tyler Moore | There are a few people like that, but I'm not one of them. I find it very difficult. But I'm never one to shirk a challenge. |
Richard Armey | In this Congress probably this summer, I would hope by July. It's been very difficult to deal with the language of the Supreme Court decision. |
Sarah Ferguson | Taking what you've done wrong and realizing that it's a been bonus, actually, and it's positive. It's quite a difficult thing to do. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Neither is it to be disguised that the organization of our judicial system is at once a difficult and delicate task. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | I doubt if the tasks of the future are more difficult. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Until that is done, difficult problems remain. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | This has become more difficult in a world where change and growth seem to tower beyond the control and even the judgment of men. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | President I realize that it is difficult to communicate meaningfully across the gulf of four years of war. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | In all sectors, people met their difficult problems with the restraint and with responsibility worthy of their great heritage. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Our role has been difficult and sometimes thankless and controversial. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | That we, too, worked together to bring America through difficult times. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Let us be candid about this difficult problem. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | For all Americans, it has been a year of adjustment, of coming to terms with the difficult knowledge that our nation has determined enemies, and that we are not invulnerable to their attacks. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Difficult" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Difficult" is used about 22,010 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 100% | 22,010 | 402 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "difficult". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Kish | N/A | Biblical | Difficult |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "difficult": be difficult ♦ beastly difficult ♦ difficult area ♦ difficult of access ♦ difficult position ♦ difficult question ♦ difficult situation ♦ difficult to burn ♦ difficult to deal with ♦ difficult to find ♦ difficult to please ♦ find it difficult ♦ find it difficult to ♦ it is difficult ♦ it will be difficult ♦ it's difficult to reckon ♦ make difficult ♦ make more difficult ♦ man difficult to portray ♦ more difficult ♦ provably difficult ♦ quite difficult ♦ the difficult part. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "difficult": difficult-looking, difficult-not, difficult-shaped, difficult-to-classify, difficult-to-define, difficult-to-digest, difficult-to-exercise, difficult-to-hit, difficult-to-keep, difficult-to-let, difficult-to-manage, difficult-to-photograph, difficult-to-pronounce-sounds, difficult-to-reach, difficult-to-read, difficult-to-serve, difficult-to-style, difficult-to-test, difficult-to-type, difficult-to-value. | |
Ending with "difficult": extra-difficult, not-too-difficult, often-difficult. | |
Containing "difficult": dealing-with-difficult-parents. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "difficult"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | moeilik (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Albanian | nazeqar (choosy), këmbëngulës (assiduous, dogged, emphatic, exacting, insistent, lingering, patient, persevering, persistent, pressing, rebellious, tenacious, unremitting, unyielding, up and coming, urgent), i zorshëm (hard), i vështirë (awkward, convoluted, deep, exacting, formidable, hairy, hard, intractable, Kittle, labored, laborious, laboured, onerous, painful, parlous, recondite, rough, scabrous, stiff, ticklish, toilful, trying). (various references) | |
Arabic | صعب (difficulty, hard), معقد (busy, complicate, complicated, convoluted, deep, doctrinarian, entangled, inextricable, intricacy, intricate, invalid, involute, knotted, knotty, nasty, perplexing, snarled, sophisticated, tangled, tangly, tricky), عويص (abstract, abstruse, deep, opaque, profound, recondite, stiff, strenuous), عسير (complicated, hard, intractable, knotty, malaise, precipitous, severe, strait, strenuous, stubborn, terrible, troublesome, uphill), صعب الإرضاء (choosey, crabbed, dainty, fidgety, finical), صعب (arduous, complicate, complicated, formidable, frustrating, hard and fast, harsh, hot stuff, knotty, lean, malaise, mure, nice, outrageous, risque, rough, rum, severe, sticky, stony, tartar, tricky, uneasy). (various references) | |
Basque | zail. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | труден (arduous, awkward, complex, difficile, dodgy, formidable, heavy, knotty, laborious, lively, painful, perplexed, perplexing, pick-and-shovel, rocky, sore, spiny, stroppy, taxing, thorny, ticklish, tight, tough, tricky, troublesome, uphill, warm), тежък (cumbrous, dense, distressing, faint, grave, grievous, grinding, hammering, hard, heavy, hefty, high, hulking, labored, laborious, laboured, leaden, lumping, lumpish, lumpy, massive, massy, muggy, onerous, painful, plodding, ponderous, robust, rugged, sad, severe, shrewd, sledgehammer, slow, smart, smashing, soggy, solemn, sore, stiff, stodgy, taxing, thorny, tight, tough, traumatic, trying, unwieldy, uphill, weighty), мъчен (awkward, formidable, hairy, ill, rum, rummy, stiff, tight, tough, trying). (various references) | |
Catalan | dificil (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Chinese | 艱難 , 艱苦 (arduous, hard), 艱 (hard, hardship), 難 (difficulty, disaster, distress, not good, problem, to scold), 嚴竣 (severe, stern, strict, tight), 彆 (awkward, contrary), 屯 (stingy, to station, to store up), 困难 (Difficulties, Difficulty, hardship), 不易 (not easy to do sth.), 別 (another, awkward, classify, contrary, depart, distinguish, do not, leave, must not, other, separate, to pin). (various references) | |
Czech | obtížný (difficile, dodgy, hard, heavy, nagging, onerous, painful, tricky, troublesome). (various references) | |
Danish | vanskelig (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Dutch | zwaar (burdensome, deep, hard, hardly, heavy, important, inconvenient, not easily, onerous, serious, severe, strict, strong, vigorous, with difficulty), slim (clever, cunning, hard, inconvenient, sly, smart), moeilijk (inconvenient), lastig (hard, hardly, inconvenient, nasty, not easily, troublesome, with difficulty). (various references) | |
Esperanto | malfacila (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Faeroese | torførur (complicated, hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Farsi | مشکل (Hard, Ill, Knot, Problem, Uphill), گرفتگیر, سخت گیر (Astringent, Hard, Intransigent, Priggish, Severe, Squeamish, Stern, Stickler, Strict, Unrelenting), سخت (Adjacent, Chronic, Crusty, Demanding, Dogged, Dour, Eburnated, Exquisite, Grave, Grim, Rigid, Rigorous, Rocky, Rugged, Serious, Severe, Sore, Steely, Stratify, Stringent, Strong, Troublesome), صعب (Unwieldy), دشوار (Arduous, Hard, Inexplicable, Intolerable, Laborious, Onerous, Slippery, Sore, Spiny, Sticky, Strait, Tough, Uphill). (various references) | |
Finnish | vastuksellinen (troublesome, trying), vaivalloinen (arduous, hard, laborious, onerous, troublesome, trying, wearisome), vaikea (hard, knotty, serious, severe, tough, tricky), tukala (awkward, embarrassing, hard), pulmallinen (complicated, hard, puzzling), hankala (inconvenient, troublesome). (various references) | |
French | difficile, dur. (various references) | |
German | schwierig (arduous, arduously, awkward, awkwardly, catchy, challenging, hard, stiff, tackling, tough, trying, upsetting, vexed), schwer (bad, badly, big, burdensome, critically, deeply, full, grave, gravely, grievous, hard, heavenly, heavily, heavy, hefty, inconvenient, labored, laborious, laboured, lumbering, onerous, powerful, rich, serious, seriously, severe, slow, solid, sorely, strong, tough, weighty), schwererziehbar. (various references) | |
Greek | δύσκολοσ (hard, knotty, labored, laboured, trying), δύσκολος (hard, prickly, tough, tricky, trying). (various references) | |
Hebrew | קשה (adamant, crusty, formidable, hard, harsh, heavy, severe, stern, stiff, Strait, tough), כבד (burdensome, dull, hard, heavy, leaden, massive, weighty). (various references) | |
Hungarian | nehéz (burdensome, complicated, cumbersome, cumbrous, damper, grave, grueling, gruelling, hard, hard case, heavy, hefty, herculean, inconvenient, it's a bad job!, knotty, laborious, onerous, ponderous, stiff, stodgy, teaser, thorny, to be bunkered, to be hard to please, tough, trying), nehézkes (backward, blunt, cumbersome, cumbrous, doltish, dull, fumbling, hulking, laborious, languid, logy, lubber, lubberly, lumbering, lumpish, pokey, rugged, slouch, sluggish, stiff, stodgy, stogy, sullen, uneasy), bajos (pernickety). (various references) | |
Icelandic | vandur (hard, inconvenient), þungur (burdensome, hard, heavy, inconvenient, onerous). (various references) | |
Indonesian | susah (doleful, hard), sukar (ardous, hard, hardly), payah (tired, troublesome), iseng (loquacious, troublesome), angel (strange, unsual). (various references) | |
Irish | deacair (hard). (various references) | |
Italian | difficile (arduous, awkward, catchy, difficult to please, fastidious, hard, inconvenient, problem, rough, severe, stiff, strained, stressful, tight, tough, tricky, trying, uneasy), pesante (burdensome, dull, grave, hard, heavy, inconvenient, lumpy, muggy, ponderous, serious, slow, stodgy, trying, weightily, weighty). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 苦しい (painful). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | なんかい (how many times?, southern sea), くるしい (painful), にくい (abominable, detestable, hard, hateful, poor-looking), かたい (carelessness, certain, firm, hard, honorable, lower leg, lower limbs, lower part of the body, mistake, negligence, solemn, solid, steadfast, stubborn, stuffy writing, unpolished writing), むずかしい, てづよい (resolute, strict, strong, stubborn, tough), てごわい (resolute, strict, strong, stubborn, tough). (various references) | |
Korean | 곤란한. (various references) | |
Manx | trome (bold, burdensome, close, close oppressive, crippling, crippling burden, deep, deep-drawn, dense, dense of smoke, emphatic, expectant, expecting, grave, grievous, gruelling, hard, harsh, heavy, heavyweight, high pressure, intense, laborious, onerous, ponderous, pregnant, rough of sea, severe, sledge-hammer, steep, stodgy, substantial, sweated, wearying, weighty, with child), noi-vreihagh (cussed, malgrained), neuaashagh (awkward, discontented, restless, uneasy), mooar (big, bold, bold promintary, capacious, chief, commodious, extensive, extravagant, familiar, grand, great, grievous, heavy, hit off, hobnob, intense, intimate, loose-fitting, major, marked, powerful, tall), doillee (hard, stiff, ticklish), doccar (arduousness, labour, struggle), creoi (adamant, bitter, bitter of frost, blistering, blistering as language, distressing, dry, hard, hard-boiled, hard-set, hardy, heartless, near, near with money, neat, obdurate, solid, steely, stiff, stiffen, stubborn, tough). (various references) | |
Norwegian | vanskelig (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Occitan | malaisit. (various references) | |
Papiamen | difísil (hard, inconvenient), fregá (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ifficultday.(various references) | |
Polish | trudny (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Portuguese | difícil (arduous, cornered, cramped, difficile, fussy, go-ahead, hard, inconvenient, kid-glove, knotty, labored, laboured, nice, painful, pernickety, ponderous, puzzling, rugged, thankless, thorny, ticklish, tough, tricky, trying, well-made). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | difícil. (various references) | |
Romanian | greu (annoying, arduous, awkward, burden, burdensome, busy, clumsy, dangerously, difficulty, fatiguing, gravely, grievous, hard, hardly, heavily, heavy, inconvenient, labored, laborious, laboured, leaden, lot, massive, massy, near, onerous, oppressive, painful, parlous, precarious, punitive, reluctantly, scarcely, seriously, severe, solid, stiff, stodgy, stolid, strenuous, stuffy, ticklish, toilful, tough, troublesome, trying, uneasy, uphill, wearisome, weary, weight, weighty). (various references) | |
Russian | трудный (arduous, baffling, formidable, hard, labored, laborious, laboured, man-sized, narrow, painful, toilful, toilsome, trying, unmanageable), трудно трудный, затруднительный (awkward, baffling, embarrassing, nonplussed). (various references) | |
Scottish | doirbh (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | tegoban (burdensome, onerous), težak (bulky, crushing, difficile, formidable, grave, hard, heavy, hefty, kittle, labored, laborious, laboured, leaden, lumbering, ponderous, punishing, rough, swingeing, trying, uneasy, weighty), koji pravi teškoće, jogunast (balky, baulky, capricious, obstinate, refractory, thwart). (various references) | |
Spanish | dificil (hard, inconvenient), difícil (arduous, awkward, complicated, complicative, delicate, difficile, grave, hard, heavy, off putting, painful, picky, problem, tender, touch and go, tough, tricky, wild). (various references) | |
Swedish | svår (arduous, bad, catchy, excessive, grievous, hard, heavy, inconvenient, parlous, rough, rugged, severe, sore, strong, taxing, testing, tough), besvärlig (annoying, awkward, bothersome, cumbersome, cumbrous, incommodious, pestiferous, plaguesome, plaguey, plaguy, sticky, tough, troublesome, trying, uphill, warm, worrisome). (various references) | |
Thai | ยาก (hard, tight). (various references) | |
Turkish | zor beğenen (choosy, exacting, fastidious, finical, finicking, finicky, fussy, queasy), zor (arduous, baffling, constraint, crucial, cruel, exacting, force, formidable, hairy, hard, inconvenient, knotty, main, mean, might, rough, sticky, stiff, strain, tight, trickish, uneasy), titiz (careful, choosy, cleanly, critical, dainty, demanding, exact, exacting, exigent, fastidious, finical, finicking, finicky, fussy, hypercritical, jealous, jealous of, meticulous, niggling, niminy-piminy, particular, peevish, pernickety, picky, rigorous, scrupulous, squeamish, touchy), müşkülpesent (choosy, demanding, exacting, exigent, fastidious, particular, picky), inatçı (balky, bullet-head, bull-headed, cantankerous, contrary, contumacious, cussed, die hard, dogged, dour, fractious, hard bitten, hard-headed, hard-mouthed, hard-nosed, headstrong, heady, indocile, inflexible, insistent, intractable, mule, mulish, obdurate, obstinate, obstinate person, opinionated, persistent, pertinacious, perverse, pigheaded, rebellious, recalcitrant, refractory, restive, self willed, self-opinionated, set, spiky, stern, sticker, stickler, sticky, stiff necked, strongheaded, strong-willed, stubborn, tenacious, unbending, uncompromising, unyielding, wilful, willful, wrongheaded), huysuz (acrimonious, as cross as two sticks, bad tempered, bilious, cantankerous, churlish, crabbed, crabby, crank, cranky, cross-grained, crosspatch, crotchety, crusty, cursed, disagreeable, disgruntled, doggish, farouche, fractious, fretful, gnarled, grouchy, gruff, grumbling, grumpy, ill natured, ill tempered, ill-humored, ill-humoured, liverish, mean, Moody, out of humour, out of sorts, peeved, peevish, peppery, perverse, pettish, petulant, prickly, quarrelsome, querulous, ratty, rusty, shirty, snappish, spleenful, spleenish, splenetic, stroppy, sulky, surly, tetchy, thrawn, ugly, untoward, vicious, vixenish, waspish, wildcat, wrongheaded), geçimsiz (cantankerous, out of tune, peppery, quarrelsome, unmusical), güç (ability, arduous, arm, baffling, capability, capacity, clout, clutch, clutches, command, control, dominance, energy, force, forcefulness, hard, intensity, iron, might, pep, pith, potency, potential, power, punch, rod, sinew, spirit, stamina, steam, sting, strength, stuffing, sword, tone, tricksy, vigor, vigour, vim, vis, vitality, zing), belâlı (bully, calamitous, hard bitten, pesky, plaguy, thorny, troublesome), çetin (arduous, dingdong, hard, robust, rugged, stiff, tough), çatal (bifurcated, clevis, crotch, fork, forked, prong, two sided). (various references) | |
Turkmen | mьзgil (hard), kyn, зetin, зatak. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | скрутний (awkward, baffling, embarrassing, narrow, necessitous, onerous, spiny), тяжкий (arduous, baffling, capital, chargeable, cumbersome, uphill), трудний (awkward), важкий (arduous, awkward, baffling, chargeable, complex, hard, heavy, heavyweight, laborious, leaden, muggy, near, opulent, ponderous, robust, sweaty, toilful, toilsome, trying, wall eyed, walloping, weighty). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | khó khăn (arduous, arduously, hard, kittle, thick, thorny, uneasy), khó, gay go khó tính. (various references) | |
Welsh | anodd (hard, inconvenient), anhawdd (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
Yucatec | yah (ache, hard, inconvenient, pain). (various references) | |
Zulu | -nzima (hard, inconvenient). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | ardua, arduus, difficile, difficilem, difficiles, difficilia, difficilis, inpedita, inpediti, inpeditioris, inpeditis, inpeditus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "difficult": difficulties, difficultly, difficulty. (additional references) | |
| |
"Difficult" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: diffacult, diffcult, diffic, difficclt, difficelt, difficile, difficlt, difficoult, difficul, difficulkt, diffilcult, dificult, difiicult, diifficult, diificult. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "difficult" (pronounced di"fukult) |
| 3 | -u l t | tumult. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-d-f-f-i-i-l-t-u" | |
-2 letters: fluidic. | |
-3 letters: fitful. | |
-4 letters: cliff, clift, culti, fluid, licit, lucid, ludic. | |
-5 letters: clit, cuff, cuif, cult, duci, duct, duff, duit, flic, flit, fuci, lift, litu, luff, tiff, tuff. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-d-f-f-i-i-l-t-u" | |
+1 letter: difficulty. | |
+2 letters: difficultly. | |
+3 letters: difficulties. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Derived from 18. Expressions 19. Expressions: Internet 20. Translations: Modern | 21. Translations: Ancient 22. Abbreviations 23. Acronyms 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
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