Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Dependence |
DependenceNoun1. Lack of independence or self-sufficiency. 2. Being abnormally dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs). Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "dependence" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references) |
Etymology: Dependence \De*pend"ence\, noun. [from Late Latin expression dependentia, from the Latin expression dependens. See Dependent, and compare to Dependance.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Literature | Dependence An existing quarrel. (A term used among swordsmen.) "Let us pause ... until I give you my opinion on this dependence ... for if we coolly examine the state of our dependence, we may the better apprehend whether the sisters three have doomed one of us to expiate the same with our blood." - Sir W. Scott: The Monastery, chap. xxi. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mathematics | Quantities are dependent when they are not independent. For dependence is regression analysis. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: DependenceSynonyms: addiction (n), dependance (n), dependency (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Belief | Noun: belief; credence; credit; assurance; faith, trust, troth, confidence, presumption, sanguine expectation; (hope); dependence on, reliance on. |
Chance 2 | Contingency, dependence (uncertainty); situation (circumstance). |
Circumstance | Contingency, dependence (uncertainty); causation, attribution. |
Coherence | Noun: coherence, adherence, adhesion, adhesiveness; concretion accretion; conglutination, agglutination, agglomeration; aggregation; consolidation, set, cementation; sticking, soldering; Verb: connection; dependence. |
Subjection | Noun: subjection; dependence, dependency; subordination; thrall, thralldom, thraldom, enthrallment, subjugation, bondage, serfdom; feudalism, feudality; vassalage, villenage; slavery, enslavement, involuntary servitude; conquest. |
Uncertainty | Vagueness; Adjective: haze, fog; obscurity; (darkness); ambiguity; (double meaning); contingency, dependence, dependency, double contingency, possibility upon a possibility; open question; (question); onus probandi; blind bargain, pig in a poke, leap in the dark, something or other; needle in a haystack, needle in a bottle of hay; roving commission. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References |
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Books | |
Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Carla B. James | For many, life's longest mile is the stretch from dependence to independence. |
Karl Marx | The mutual and universal dependence of individuals who remain indifferent to one another constitutes the social network that binds them together. |
Louis Anspacher | Marriage is that relation between man and woman in which the independence is equal, the dependence mutual, and the obligation reciprocal. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Thus conquerors swords often cut up governments by the roots, and mangle societies to pieces, separating the subdued or scattered multitude from the protection of, and dependence on, that society which ought to have preserved them from violence. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | R.T. et al. Clinical relevance of cannabis tolerance and dependence. (references) | |
This increases tolerance to nicotine and leads to increased dependence. (references) | ||
As higher doses are used over time, physical dependence and addiction develop. (references) | ||
Business | Less dependence on imports has been the primary goal of the Chinese government. (references) | |
High degree of technological obsolescence and absence of domestic technology have increased dependence on imported products. (references) | ||
According to an Eskom source, his company's interest in this project will diversify its dependence on coal and water as the main sources of power. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Russia | As a result of this financial dependence, the media's autonomy and its ability to act as a watchdog remained weak. (references) |
Ukraine | The dependence of some of the press on government patronage has inhibited criticism, particularly at the local level. (references) | |
Guinea-Bissau | All of the newspapers published only sporadically during the year due to financial constraints and dependence on the state-owned printing house. (references) | |
Economic History | Sweden | Sweden is a small country with a large dependence on international trade. (references) |
Ukraine | Relations with Russia are complicated by energy dependence and by payment arrears. (references) | |
Portugal | Its dependence, in energy terms, is, therefore, much higher than the community average. (references) | |
Human Rights | Afghanistan | Resistance to forced conscription resulted in an increased Taliban dependence on foreign volunteers. (references) |
Ukraine | The judiciary lacks sufficient staff and funds, which engenders inefficiency and corruption and increases its dependence on the executive, since the court receives all its funding from the Ministry of Justice. (references) | |
Slovak Republic | The Constitution provides for courts that are independent, impartial, and separate from the other branches of government; however, some critics allege that the dependence of judges upon the Ministry of Justice for logistical support, the granting of leave requests, and other services undermines their independence. (references) | |
Political Economy | MEXICO | The idea is to reduce Mexico's dependence on oil revenues, and generate net additional revenue for Mexico's pressing social needs. (references) |
New Zealand | Alliance supports a larger government role in the economy, and is concerned about New Zealand's rising dependence on foreign investment, imported goods, and foreign ownership of New Zealand assets. (references) | |
BAHRAIN | Over the past three decades, the government has encouraged economic diversification in order to reduce the country's dependence on oil and to create employment opportunities for its growing population. (references) | |
Women | Cyprus | Many suspected cases of domestic violence do not reach the courts, largely because of family pressure and the wife's economic dependence on her husband. (references) |
Worker Rights | Nigeria | Union leaders have criticized the arbitration system's dependence on the Labor Minister's referrals. (references) |
Malaysia | The MTUC stated in December 1999 that foreign workers should be allowed to organize, but that one of the benefits of a minimum wage law would be to reduce the country's dependence on foreign workers. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | ORPHAN, n. A living person whom death has deprived of the power of filial ingratitude -- a privation appealing with a particular eloquence to all that is sympathetic in human nature. When young the orphan is commonly sent to an asylum, where by careful cultivation of its rudimentary sense of locality it is taught to know its place. It is then instructed in the arts of dependence and servitude and eventually turned loose to prey upon the world as a bootblack or scullery maid. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | In a cultivation of the materials and the extension of useful manufactures, more especially in the general application to household fabrics, we behold a rapid diminution of our dependence on foreign supplies. |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | By the increase of domestic manufactures will the demand for the rude materials at home be increased, and thus will the dependence of the several parts of our Union on each other and the strength of the Union itself be proportionably augmented. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | The chief dependence of the farmer, however, as always, must be upon the buying power of our own people. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | I recently submitted to the Congress my proposals to reorganize the Federal energy structure and the hard choices which remain if we are serious about reducing our dependence upon foreign energy. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | A national energy plan is in place and our dependence on foreign oil is decreasing. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | But our goal must be to liberate people and lift them up, from dependence to independence, from welfare to work, from mere childbearing to responsible parenting. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Dependence" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.45% of the time. "Dependence" is used about 1,263 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.45% | 1,256 | 6,243 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.55% | 7 | 133,076 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,263 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "dependence": dependence on ♦ dependence order ♦ dependence sequential order ♦ dependence uncertainty ♦ drug dependence ♦ energy dependence ♦ Heroin Dependence ♦ live in dependence ♦ live in dependence on smb. ♦ Morphine Dependence ♦ mutual dependence ♦ Physical dependence ♦ physical dependence capacity ♦ place dependence on ♦ psychic dependence ♦ psychological dependence ♦ sexual dependence. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "dependence": dependence-producing. | |
Ending with "dependence": context-dependence, inter-dependence, over-dependence, power-dependence, theory-dependence. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "dependence"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | afhanklikheid. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | vartësi (dependant, dependent, subordination), varësi (dependency, relation, subjection, subjugation), besim (belief, confidence, credence, credit, credo, creed, denomination, dogma, doxy, expectation, faith, hope, reliance, religion, trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | تبعية (subjection, subordination), إتكال (reliance), إعتماد (credence, reliance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | упование (anchor, expectance, expectancy, prop, reliance, reposal, trust), вяра (belief, confidence, credence, credit, doctrine, faith, religion, trust), очакване на решение, опора (abut, anchor, anchorage, backlog, bearer, bulwark, buttress, column, cradle, crutch, faith, foothold, holder, jamb, lodgement, lodgment, mainstay, palladium, pillar, prop, purchase, rampart, rest, rock, roothold, sinews, staff, stand by, stay, stock, stronghold, support, tower, underpinning), наркомания (addiction, habit, white plague), зависимост (relation, subordination, vassalage), подчиненост (subordination), подвластност (subordination, tribute), издръжка (alimentation, benefit, keep, living, maintenance, support, sustentation), доверие (belief, confidence, credence, credit, faith, reliance, security, trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 依赖性 (Dependance), 依屬 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | závislost (addiction). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | afhængighed (coupling, dependency). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | afhankelijkheid (bondage, connection, coupling). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | dependeco. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | موکول(بودن), وابستگی (Affinity, Coherency, Contiguity, Interdependence, Kindred, Pertinence, Relationship), عدم استقلال , بستگی (Bind, Concern, Dependency, Kinship, Liaison, Vicinity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | riippuvuus (association, characteristic). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | dépendance (dependency, drug dependence). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | ôfhinklikens. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | abhängigkeit (dependency, interdepend, slavery, subjection, subordination). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | εξάρτηση (anaclisis, conditioning, dependency, drug dependence, harness, interlocking, reliance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | תלות, "תלות (suspension), "שע ות (accubation, accumbency, reliance), טפל" (addition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | függés (dependency, subservience, subserviency, suspension), függőség (functionality). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | ketergantungan. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | dipendenza (addiction, dependency, outbuilding, outhouse, reliance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | り (reliance), み (favor, reliance, request), 厄介 (bother, burden, care, kindness, obligation, support, trouble, worry), 力 み , 憑依 (depending on), 依託 , 依 (commission, dispatch, request, trust), 依 , 依存症 (morbid dependence), 依存性 , 依存 (dependent, reliance), 信" (belief, confidence, credence, credit, faith, reliance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | たのみ (favor, reliance, request), たより (correspondence, information, letter, news, reliance, tidings), し"よう (belief, confidence, credence, credit, faith, reliance), ひょうい (depending on, gesture), いぞ"しょう (morbid dependence), いぞ"せい, いぞ" (dependent, objection, reliance), いたく (commit, consignto a firm), entrust, exceedingly), いきょ (excellent deeds), いそ" (dependent, reliance), いらい (commission, dispatch, henceforth, request, since, trust), やっかい (bother, burden, care, kindness, obligation, support, translating and explaining, trouble, worry), ちから のみ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 의존 (Dependance, Depending). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | barrantys (commission, dependability, dependency, guarantee, sponsorship, trust, trustworthiness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian | avhengighet. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | dependensia. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ependenceday dependência (appendant, bondage, dependency, liability, outhouse, poison dependence, room, subjection). (various references) dependenţã (dependency, subjection), subordonare faţã de, atârnare (hanging, suspension), încredere (affiance, belief, confidence, credit, faith, reliability, reliance, reposal, security, trust). (various references) зависимость (allegiance, bondage, dependency, subjection, vassalage). (various references) taic (a prop, proximity, support), eisimeil (obligation, reverence). (various references) zavisnost (dependency). (various references) dependencia (annex, annexe, Apanage, appanage, appendant, appurtenance, dependency, outbuilding, reliance, subjection, subordination). (various references) beroende (conditional, dependant, dependant on, dependent, depending, due, habit, reliably, reliance, reliant). (various references) itimat (belief, confidence, credence, reliance, trust), güven (affiance, assurance, belief, confidence, credence, credit, dependance, faith, positiveness, reliance, sureness, trust), bağlı olma (adhesion, dependance, interconnection), başkasının sırtından yaşama (dependance), bağımlılık (addiction, bondage, dependance, dependency, fixation, habit, indulgence, inveteracy, servitude, subjection). (various references) garaюlylyk. (various references) несамостійність (dependency), зумовленість (dependency), залежність (bondage, dependency, servitude, subjection), підлеглість (dependency, inferiority), довір'я (affiance, confidence, credit, faith, reliance, tick, trust). (various references) tính phụ thuộc sự dựa v o, sự tuỳ thuộc, sự tuỳ theo, sự tin cậy (confidence, reliance), sự phụ thuộc, sự nương tựa, sự ỷ v o, chỗ dựa. (various references) dibyniad, ymddibyniad, goglyd (trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "dependence": dependences. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "dependence": codependence, independence, interdependence, nonindependence, overdependence, postindependence. (additional references) | |
Words containing "dependence": codependences, independences, interdependences, nonindependences, overdependences. (additional references) | |
| |
"Dependence" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: decendence, dependance, dependancie, dependenc. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "dependence" (pronounced dupe"nduns) |
| 9 | d u p e" n d u n s | independence, interdependence. |
| 6 | -e" n d u n s | ascendance, attendance, transcendence. |
| 5 | -n d u n s | abundance, correspondence, overabundance, overdependence. |
| 4 | -d u n s | accordance, avoidance, cadence, coincidence, confidence, credence, decadence, dissidence, evidence, guidance, impedance, imprudence, incidence, jurisprudence, overconfidence, precedence, Providence, prudence, residence, riddance, subsidence. |
| 3 | -u n s | abeyance, abhorrence, absence, abstinence, acceptance, acquaintance, acquiescence, adherence, admirations, admittance, adolescence, affluence, allegiance, alliance, allowance, ambiance, ambience, ambivalence, ambulance, annoyance, appearance, appliance, arrogance, assistance, assurance, audience, balance, belligerence, beneficence, benevolence, bioscience, brilliance, capacitance, chrominance, circumference, clairvoyance, Clarence, clearance, coexistence, cognizance, coherence, coinsurance, comeuppance, competence, compliance, concurrence, condolence, conference, confluence, conformance, congruence, connivance, conscience, consequence, consistence, continuance, contrivance, convalescence, convenience, convergence, conveyance, countenance, counterbalance, counterintelligence, dalliance, Defeasance, deference, defiance, deliverance, deterrence, deviance, difference, diligence, disallowance, disappearance, discontinuance, disobedience, dissonance, distance, disturbance, divergence, dominance, ebullience, elegance, eloquence, emergence, eminence, endurance, entrance, equivalence, essence, evanescence, excellence, existence, expedience, experience, extravagance, exuberance, flamboyance, Florence, forbearance, fragrance, furtherance, governance, grievance, hindrance, ignorance, imbalance, immanence, imminence, impatience, importance, impotence, inadvertence, incoherence, incompetence, incontinence, inconvenience, indifference, inductance, indulgence, inexperience, inference, influence, inheritance, innocence, insignificance, insistence, insolence, instance, insurance, intelligence, interference, intolerance, intransigence, invariance, irrelevance, irreverence, issuance, licence, license, luminance, luminescence, maintenance, malfeasance, negligence, neuroscience, noncompliance, noninterference, nonviolence, nuisance, obedience, observance, obsolescence, occurrence, omnipotence, omnipresence, opulence, ordinance, Ordnance, overreliance, parlance, patience, penance, performance, permanence, persecutions, perseverance, persistence, pestilence, petulance, phosphorescence, pittance, predominance, preeminence, preference, preponderance, prescience, presence, prevalence, prominence, protuberance, provenance, province, pseudoscience, quintessence, radiance, reappearance, reassurance, recalcitrance, recognizance, reconnaissance, recurrence, reemergence, reference, reinspections, reinsurance, relevance, reliance, reluctance, remembrance, reminiscence, remittance, repentance, resemblance, resilience, resistance, resonance, resurgence, reticence, reverence, science, semblance, senescence, sentence, sequence, severance, significance, silence, submergence, subservience, subsistence, substance, surveillance, sustenance, teleconference, temperance, tolerance, transference, transience, turbulence, unbalance, utterance, Valence, variance, vehemence, vengeance, videoconference, vigilance, violence, virulence. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-d-d-e-e-e-e-n-n-p" | |
-2 letters: deepened. | |
-4 letters: deepen, denned, depend, needed, peened, pended, penned. | |
-5 letters: ceded, ended, pence, penne. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-d-d-e-e-e-e-n-n-p" | |
+1 letter: dependences. | |
+2 letters: codependence, dependencies, independence. | |
+3 letters: codependences, independences, unprecedented. | |
+4 letters: codependencies, independencies, overdependence. | |
+5 letters: interdependence, interdependency, nonindependence, overdependences, unprecedentedly. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)44 65 70 65 6E 64 65 6E 63 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-.. . .--. . -. -.. . -. -.-. . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000100 01100101 01110000 01100101 01101110 01100100 01100101 01101110 01100011 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)D e p e n d e n c e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0044 0065 0070 0065 006E 0064 0065 006E 0063 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)38718271807071806971 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
