Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Decomposition |
DecompositionNoun1. The analysis of a vector field. 2. In a decomposed state. 3. (chemistry) chemical separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance. 4. The organic phenomenon of rotting. 5. (biology) decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "decomposition" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1781. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Chemistry | Breaking down of complex substances to simpler ones as a result of, for example, chemical or biological processes; cf. biodegradation, chemical degradation. Source: European Union. (references) |
Computing | Operation consisting in replacing a relation scheme R by several relations R1, R2, . . . , Rn, such as all attributes of R can be retrieved in the union of all attributes of R1, R2, . . . , Rn. Source: European Union. (references) |
Energy | The process of breaking down organic material; reduction of the net energy level and change in physical and chemical composition of organic material. (references) |
Environment | The breakdown of matter by bacteria and fungi, changing the chemical makeup and physical appearance of materials. (references) |
Mathematics | The act of splitting a time series into its constituent parts by the use of statistical methods. A typical time series is often regarded as composed of four parts:a)a long-term movement or trend; b)oscillations of more or less regular period and amplitude about this trend; c)a seasonal component; d)a random, or irregular, component. Any particular series need not exhibit all four of these but those which are present are presumed to act in an additive fashion, i. e. are superimposed; and the process of determining them separately is one of decomposition. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | See:chemical weathering. (references) |
Public Administration | In organic matter, the gradual loss of recognized forms and separation of matter into simpler compounds. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The rate and the manner in which a human or animal body decomposes is strongly affected by a number of factors. In a roughly descending degree of importance, those factors include:
Insects and other animals are typically the next agent of decomposition, assuming the body is accessible to them. The most important insects that are typically involved in the process include the fleshflies (Sarcophagidae) and blowflies (Calliphoridae). The green-bottle fly you see in the summer is a blowfly.
Other animals, including coyotes, dogs, wolves, foxes, rats, and mice may eat a body if it is accessible to them. Some of these animals will also remove and scatter bones.
Embalming affects the process, slowing it somewhat, but does not forestall it indefinitely. Embalmers typically pay the greatest attention to the parts of the body seen by mourners, such as the face and hands. The chemicals that are used in embalming will repel most insects, and slow the process of bacterial putrefaction, but will not preserve a corpse indefinitely. In sufficiently dry environments, an embalmed body may end up mummified.
The time for the reduction of an embalmed body to be reduced to a skeleton varies greatly. An unembalmed adult body buried six feet deep in ordinary soil without a coffin normally takes ten to twelve years to decompose fully to a skeleton, given a temperate climate. Immerse the body in water, and skeletonization occurs approximately four times faster; expose it to air, and it occurs eight times faster. The skeleton itself is not permanent; acids in soils can reduce it to unrecognisable components as well. Bodies exposed to cool, damp soil may develop a waxy substance called adipocere, caused by the action of soil chemicals on the body's proteins and fats. The formation of adipocere slows decomposition by inhibiting the bacteria that cause putrefaction.
Various sciences study the decomposition of bodies. These sciences fall under the general rubric of forensics, because the usual motive for study of the decomposition of human bodies is to determine the time and cause of death, for legal purposes:
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Decomposition."
Synonyms: DecompositionSynonyms: decay (n), decomposition reaction (n), disintegration (n), putrefaction (n), rot (n), rotting (n), vector decomposition (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Decomposition | Noun: decomposition, analysis, dissection, resolution, catalysis, dissolution; corruption; (uncleanness); dispersion; disjunction; disintegration. |
Disjunction | Dissection anatomy; decomposition; cutting instrument; (sharpness); buzzsaw, circular saw, rip saw. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Hemosiderin, revealed here using PAS stain and H&E counterstain, is a normal by-product produced during the breakdown of red blood cells, and the decomposition of the hemoglobin molecule contained in these blood components.Credit: CDC. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | These lesions are formed from groups of tightly packed, abnormally thin-walled, small blood vessels that displace normal neurological tissue in the brain or spinal cord. The vessels are filled with slow-moving or stagnant blood that is usually clotted or in a state of decomposition. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Decomposition" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Decomposition" is used about 161 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 161 | 24,661 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "decomposition": Bartlett's decomposition ♦ Decomposition of forces ♦ Decomposition of light ♦ decomposition of time series ♦ decomposition reaction ♦ double decomposition ♦ double decomposition reaction ♦ predictive decomposition ♦ problem decomposition ♦ thermochemical water decomposition ♦ vector decomposition ♦ Wold's decomposition ♦ Wold's decomposition theorem. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "decomposition"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | dekompozim, zbërthim (analysis, diffraction, disintegration, dismounting, dispersion, dissolution, pulling apart, resolution, unbuttoning, undoing, unnailing), tretje (assimilation, attrition, cachexy, digestion, dissolution, evaporation, incision, maceration, melting), prishje (abolition, annulment, blasting, breach, breaking, breakup, chasm, collapse, corruption, damage, debasement, decay, defacement, defeat, defilement, depravation, depravity, deterioration, discord, dissolution, failure, obliteration, quarrel, rancidity, rancidness, rot, split up, spoilage, stymie, taint, vitiation, warp, wrecking), kalbim. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | فساد (blight, corruption, decay, degeneration, depravation, depravity, deterioration, disintegration, dry rot, immorality, invalidity, perversion, perversity, putrefaction, putridity, rot, rottenness), تعفن (corruption, decay, decompose, infection, mildew, mold, molder, moldiness, mould, moulder, mouldiness, mustiness, perish, putrefaction, putrefy, putrescence, putridity, rot, sweat), اللامعاوضة مرض من أمراض القلب. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | разтваряне (digestion, dissolution, explication, solution), разложение (corruption, putrefaction, putridity), разлагане (analysis, breakdown, degradation, disintegration, scanning, separation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 分解 (Decompose, Decomposed, Decomposing, factorise, Factorize, Factorized, Factorizing). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | zahnívání (stagnation), rozložení (dissolution, resolution, scatter), rozklad (corruption, decay, disintegration, resolution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | dekomposition, dekomponering af tidsserier (decomposition of time series), dekomponering (decomposition of time series), spaltning (cleavage, cleaving, dissociation, division, fission, nuclear fission, rifting, scission, segregation, splitting), soenderdeling (decomposing), opsplitning (abstract analysis, analysis, breakdown with subdivisions, decomposition of time series, detachment, disaggregation, split, splitting), opløsning (abandonment, break-up, dissolution, neglect, resolution, resolving power, solvation, split-up), nedbrydning (breakdown, catabolism, decay, degradation, degrade, denudation, deterioration, detrition, disintegration, dissimilation, reaction, soil damage, soil degeneration, soil degradation, soil deterioration, transformation), forvitring (degradation, degrade, denudation, disaggregation, disintegration, facturing, fade, natural disintegration, stain, weathering), adskillelse (classification, detachment, diastasis, grading, isolation, partition, separation, sorting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | degradatie (degradation, degrade, impairment, solodisation, solodization, solotization), decompositie (decomposition of time series, infantile atrophy, marasmus), verwering (disaggregation, disintegration, facturing, fade, natural disintegration, stain, weathering), verrotting (decay, putrefaction, rot), transformatie (bacterial transformation, reaction, transformation, transformation of data values), splitsing van een tijdreeks (decomposition of time series), reaktie (reaction, transformation), ontleding (analysis, decomposing, degradation, deterioration, digestion, dissociation, reaction, transformation), ontleden (analyse, analyze, anatomise, dissect, to decompose), ontbinding van tijdreeksen (decomposition of time series), ontbinding (abolishment, abolition, abrogation, analysis, breaking-up, decay, disintegration, disorganization, dissolution, liquidation, loosening, untying, winding-up), afbraak (breakdown, degradation, demolition, old materials, rubbish). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | hajoaminen (breaking, degradation, disintegration, dispersion, dissolution, lysis, scattering). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | décomposition (decay, decomposing, decomposition of time series). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | zersetzung (corrosion, decay, decline, decomposing, deterioration, discomposition, disintegration, disruptiveness, knocking out, subversion, undermining), zerlegung (analysis, autopsy, breaking down, break-up, cutting up, decomposition of time series, disassembling, disassembly, dismantling, dismounting, dissection, reduction, segmentation, stripping down, taking apart), verwesung (decay, putrefaction, rot), abbau (breakdown, catabolism, cutback, decay, degradation, disassembling, disassembly, dismantling, dismounting, extraction, face, getting, involution, mining, quarrying, reduction, run down, stoping, teardown, unit, work, working, working unit). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | αποσύνθεση (decay, decomposing, disintegration, putrescence, reaction, transformation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מקמוק (decay, putridity, rot), פרוק (discharged, dismantled, liquidation, unloaded, unloading), "תפרקות (disarming, discharge, dismantling, dissolution, redemption), "תפר"ות (disintegration, dissipation, parting, separation), "פתח (decay), "רקבות (rot, rotting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | bomlás (decay, disorganization, dissolution, putrefaction). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | kebusukan (badness, decay, depravation, putridness, rot, rottenness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | scomposizione (distribution, factorization, resolution), decomposizione (breakdown, decay, decomposing, disintegration, dispersion, disruptiveness, putrefaction, reaction, rot, transformation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 腐乱 (ulceration). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ふら" (decompose, hatching, incubation, space without columns, ulcerate, ulceration). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 분해 (Parting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | loaughey (canker, decay, decompose, rot), jeechummey (decompose). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ecompositionday decomposição (abashment, analysis, breakdown, corruption, debonding, decay, decomposing, decomposition of time series, dissolution, reaction, rottenness, splitting, transformation). (various references) dispersare (break up, dispersal, dispersion), desfacere (cancellation, detachment, disentanglement, dissolution, looseness, sale, unbinding), descompunere (decay, degradation, dissolution, putrefaction, resolution, rottenness, rotting), analizã (abstract, analyses, analysis, consideration, resolution, review, test). (various references) гниение (decay, putrefactation, putrescence, rot). (various references) truljenje (caries, decay, moldering, mouldering, putrefaction, rotting), raspad (breakdown, decay). (various references) descomposición (abashment, breakdown, debonding, decay, decomposing, decomposition of time series). (various references) dekomponering, vittring (disintegration, eolation, mobilization, natural disintegration, scent, weathering), upplösning (breakup, denouement, disbandment, disintegration, disintergration, dismissal, dismission, disruption, dissociation, dissolution, fragmentation, raveling, resolution, resolving power, solution, unraveling, winding up), uppdelning (abstract analysis, analysis, decomposition of time series, dividing up, division, partition, partitioning, sectioning), sönderfall (breakdown, disintegration, disruption, fragmentation, molecule breakdown, molecule breaking), nedbrytning (abstract analysis, analysis, decadence, decay, degradation, digestion, disintegration, surface deterioration), kemisk nedbrytning (degradation), förruttnelse (corruption, putrefactation, putrefaction, putrefraction, rot). (various references) bozulma (breach, breakdown, breakup, confusion, corrosion, corruption, decay, declension, deformation, degeneration, degradation, derogation, deterioration, devolution, disfiguration, disfigurement, disruption, dissolution, impairment, infection, pollution, putrefaction, rancidity, rancidness, rottenness, shipwreck, spoilage, taint, undoing, upset), bozukluk (being broken down, chicken feed, coin, defect, deformity, distortion, disturbance, failure, faultiness, foulness, hilliness, irregularity, putrescence, rupture, small chance, taint, unsoundness, upset), ayrıştırma (extrication), ayrışma (decay, dissociation, resolution, separation), analiz (analysis, anatomy, breakdown, post mortem), çürüme (corruption, decay, dry rot, putrefaction, rot, rottenness), çürüklük (deterioration, flimsiness, putrescence, rottenness, unsoundness). (various references) розщеплення (cleavage, dissociation, fission, resolve, scission, splitting), розкладання (decay, dissolution, resolve), розклад (analysis, calendar, contamination, curriculum, decadency, dissipation, schedule, syllabus, time sheet, timetable), гниття (decay, putrefaction, putrescence, rot). (various references) sự phân ly (disassociation, dissociation, segregation, separation), sự phân huỷ sự thối rữa, sự l m mục rữa. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "decomposition": decompositions. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "decomposition": photodecomposition. (additional references) | |
Words containing "decomposition": photodecompositions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Decomposition" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: decmposition, decompaction, decompoition. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "decomposition" (pronounced dē'kumpōzi"shun or dē'kumpuzi"shun) |
| 5 | -z i" sh u n | acquisition, composition, deposition, disposition, exposition, imposition, inquisition, juxtaposition, musician, opposition, physician, position, predisposition, presupposition, proposition, reimposition, reposition, requisition, supposition, transition. |
| 4 | -i" sh u n | abolition, academician, addition, admission, admonition, ambition, ammunition, apparition, attrition, audition, clinician, coalition, cognition, commission, competition, condition, contrition, decommission, definition, demolition, dentition, dietitian, edition, electrician, emission, erudition, exhibition, expedition, extradition, fission, fruition, geriatrician, ignition, inhibition, intermission, intuition, logician, magician, malnutrition, mathematician, mission, mortician, munition, nutrition, obstetrician, omission, optician, partition, patrician, pediatrician, permission, petition, politician, precondition, preignition, premonition, prohibition, recognition, recondition, redefinition, remission, rendition, repetition, retransmission, rhetorician, sedition, statistician, submission, superstition, suspicion, tactician, technician, theoretician, titian, tradition, transmission, tuition, volition. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abomination, abortion, abrogation, absolution, absorption, abstraction, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoption, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, auction, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, education, egyptian, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extinction, extortion, extraction, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, lotion, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstruction, occupation, ocean, operation, oppression, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, passion, pasteurization, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, predestination, prediction, predilection, preelection, preemption, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, replication, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resumption, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subscription, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, suppression, suspension, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, titillation, toleration, traction, transaction, transcription, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
| 8 | -m p u z i" sh u n | composition, imposition, reimposition. |
| 7 | -p u z i" sh u n | deposition, disposition, exposition, juxtaposition, opposition, position, predisposition, presupposition, proposition, reposition, supposition. |
| 6 | -u z i" sh u n | acquisition, inquisition, physician, requisition. |
| 5 | -z i" sh u n | musician, transition. |
| 4 | -i" sh u n | abolition, academician, addition, admission, admonition, ambition, ammunition, apparition, attrition, audition, clinician, coalition, cognition, commission, competition, condition, contrition, decommission, definition, demolition, dentition, dietitian, edition, electrician, emission, erudition, exhibition, expedition, extradition, fission, fruition, geriatrician, ignition, inhibition, intermission, intuition, logician, magician, malnutrition, mathematician, mission, mortician, munition, nutrition, obstetrician, omission, optician, partition, patrician, pediatrician, permission, petition, politician, precondition, preignition, premonition, prohibition, recognition, recondition, redefinition, remission, rendition, repetition, retransmission, rhetorician, sedition, statistician, submission, superstition, suspicion, tactician, technician, theoretician, titian, tradition, transmission, tuition, volition. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abomination, abortion, abrogation, absolution, absorption, abstraction, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoption, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, auction, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, education, egyptian, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extinction, extortion, extraction, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, lotion, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstruction, occupation, ocean, operation, oppression, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, passion, pasteurization, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, predestination, prediction, predilection, preelection, preemption, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, replication, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resumption, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subscription, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, suppression, suspension, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, titillation, toleration, traction, transaction, transcription, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-d-e-i-i-m-n-o-o-o-p-s-t" | |
-2 letters: composition. | |
-3 letters: composited, depictions, deposition, midsection, mispointed, monopodies, positioned. | |
-4 letters: composite, composted, cooptions, demotions, depiction, economist, midpoints, miscoined, miscopied, monopodes, octopodes, optimised, piedmonts, pimientos, poeticism, semitonic, sodomitic. | |
-5 letters: centimos, coitions, comities, compends, composed, compotes, coonties, cooption, decision, demonist, demotics, demotion, despotic, dictions, dioecism, domestic, dominies, dominoes, editions, emotions, empoison, epidotic, episodic, epitomic, imposted, iodopsin, isonomic, isotonic, isotopic, metopons, midpoint, minciest, miscited, mispoint, monistic, monocots, monodies, monodist, monopode, moodiest, mooniest, motioned, nepotism, nomistic, octopods, optimise, optioned, otoscope, pentomic, piedmont, pimentos, pimiento, poisoned, position, postcode, sedition, semiotic, sodomite, tompions. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-d-e-i-i-m-n-o-o-o-p-s-t" | |
+1 letter: decompositions. | |
+5 letters: microreproductions, photodecomposition. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)44 65 63 6F 6D 70 6F 73 69 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
|
| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references)-.. . -.-. --- -- .--. --- ... .. - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000100 01100101 01100011 01101111 01101101 01110000 01101111 01110011 01101001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)D e c o m p o s i t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0044 0065 0063 006F 006D 0070 006F 0073 0069 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
|
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)38716981798281857586758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Non-fiction 7. Usage Frequency 8. Expressions | 9. Expressions: Internet 10. Translations: Modern 11. Derivations 12. Rhymes | 13. Anagrams 14. Orthography 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
