Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Cytochrome |
CytochromeNoun1. A class of hemoprotein whose principle biological function is as carriers of electrons. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "cytochrome" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1991. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Health | Any electron transfer hemoprotein having a mode of action in which the transfer of a single electron is effected by a reversible valence change of the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group between the +2 and +3 oxidation states; classified as cytochromes a in which the heme contains a formyl side chain, cytochromes b, which contain protoheme or a closely similar heme that is not covalently bound to the protein, cytochromes c in which protoheme or other heme is covalently bound to the protein, and cytochromes d in which the iron-tetrapyrrole has fewer conjugated double bonds than the hemes have. Well-known cytochromes have been numbered consecutively within groups and are designated by subscripts (beginning with no subscript), e.g. cytochromes c, c1, C2, ... New cytochromes are named according to the wavelength in nanometres of the absorption maximum of the a-band of the iron (II) form in pyridine, e.g., c-555. (references) |
Medicine | One of a group of proteins involved in electron transport systems. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Crosswords: Cytochrome |
| English words defined with "cytochrome": cytochrome c. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "cytochrome": 7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase ♦ Adrenodoxin, Aflatoxin M1, Alcohol Oxidoreductases, Allylisopropylacetamide, Aniline Hydroxylase, Aromatase, Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases, Azurin ♦ Benzopyrene Hydroxylase ♦ Cytochrome b5, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 ♦ Debrisoquin ♦ Iron, Dietary ♦ NADH Dehydrogenase ♦ Pregnenolone Carbonitrile, Proadifen ♦ Steroid 11 beta-Monooxygenase, Steroid 12-Monooxygenase, Succinate Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase, Sulfite Oxidases. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | This image depicts cytochrome c which is a small protein used in the electron transfer chain. Computer graphics are made by utilizing data fed into a computer. This data may consist of chemical weights and measures and the structure of specific elements. A three-dimensional image can be made so one can visualize on otherwise minute structure. Credit: Dr. Richard Feldmann (photographer). |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Studies have found, for instance, that the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, important in glucose metabolism, is produced at lower levels in cells affected by Alzheimer's. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Cytochrome" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 53.66% of the time. "Cytochrome" is used about 41 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 53.66% | 22 | 74,468 |
| Noun (singular) | 41.46% | 17 | 85,106 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.88% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 41 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "cytochrome": Cytochrome a ♦ Cytochrome b ♦ Cytochrome b5 ♦ Cytochrome c ♦ Cytochrome c1 ♦ Cytochrome d ♦ cytochrome oxidase ♦ Cytochrome P-450 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 ♦ Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ♦ mitochondrial cytochrome C ♦ Succinate Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "cytochrome": Cytochrome-c, Cytochrome-c Oxidase, Cytochrome-c Peroxidase, cytochrome-oxydase. | |
Ending with "cytochrome": anti-cytochrome. | |
Containing "cytochrome": Ubiquinol-Cytochrome-c, Ubiquinol-Cytochrome-c Reductase. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
cytochrome p450 | 26 |
cytochrome | 21 |
cytochrome oxidase | 8 |
cytochrome c | 6 |
cytochrome c oxidase | 6 |
cytochrome p 450 | 3 |
cyp2d6 cytochrome droperidol | 3 |
c cytochrome reductase | 3 |
cytochrome b | 3 |
blot cytochrome p450 western | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "cytochrome"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | cytochrom. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | cytochroom. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | sytokromioksidaasi (cytochrome oxidase, cytochrome-oxydase). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
French | cytochrome (m), cytochrome. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Cytochrom, Zytochrom. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | κυταροχρωμοξυδάση (cytochrome oxidase, cytochrome-oxydase), ιστική έλλειψις κυτόχρωμων (cytochrome depletion of tissues). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | citocromo. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ytochromecay citocrómio. (various references) citocromo P-450 reductasa (cytochrome P-450 reductase), citocromo oxidasa (cytochrome oxidase, cytochrome-oxydase), déficit tisular de citocromos (cytochrome depletion of tissues). (various references) cytokromoxidas (cytochrome oxidase, cytochrome-oxydase). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "cytochrome": cytochromes. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-c-e-h-m-o-o-r-t-y" | |
-3 letters: cheroot, crochet, moocher, mothery. | |
-4 letters: cherty, chrome, chromo, cohort, cometh, cooter, coyote, crotch, hector, hooter, mooter, mother, ochery, oocyte, rochet, rotche, theory, tocher, torchy, troche. | |
-5 letters: chemo, chert, chore, chyme, comer, comet, comte, cooch, cooer, cooey, coyer, homer, homey, hooey, hooty, mercy, metro, mooch, moory, motey, mothy, motor, ocher, ochre, ochry, ortho, other. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-c-e-h-m-o-o-r-t-y" | |
+1 letter: cytochromes. | |
+4 letters: cosmochemistry. | |
+5 letters: cytophotometric. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Images: Photo Album | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Derivations 11. Anagrams 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
