Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Cuckoo

Definition: Cuckoo

Cuckoo

Noun

1. A man who is a stupid fool.

2. Any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail.

Verb

1. Repeat monotonously, like a cuckoo repeats his call.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "cuckoo" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1374. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Cuckoo

DomainDefinition

Bible

Cuckoo (Heb. shahaph), from a root meaning "to be lean; slender." This bird is mentioned only in Lev. 11:16 and Deut. 14:15 (R.V., "seamew"). Some have interpreted the Hebrew word by "petrel" or "shearwater" (Puffinus cinereus), which is found on the coast of Syria; others think it denotes the "sea-gull" or "seamew." The common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) feeds on reptiles and large insects. It is found in Asia and Africa as well as in Europe. It only passes the winter in Palestine. The Arabs suppose it to utter the cry _Yakub_, and hence they call it _tir el-Yakub_; i.e., "Jacob's bird." Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary.

Dream Interpretation

To dream of a cuckoo, prognosticates a sudden ending of a happy life caused by the downfall of a dear friend.
To dream that you hear a cuckoo, denotes the painful illness of the death of some absent loved one, or accident to some one in your family. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted ....

Literature

Cuckoo A cuckold. The cuckoo occupies the nest and eats the eggs of other birds; and Dr. Johnson says "it was usual to alarm a husband at the approach of an adulterer by calling out `Cuckoo,' which by mistake was applied in time to the person warned." Green calls the cuckoo "the cuckold's quirister" (Quip for an Upstart Courtier, 1620). This is an instance of how words get in time perverted from their original meaning. The Romans used to call an adulterer a "cuckoo," as "Te cuculum uxor ex lustris rapit " (Plautus: Asinaria, v. 3), and the allusion was simple and correct; but Dr. Johnson's explanation will hardly satisfy anyone for the modern perversion of the word.
"The cuckoo, then, on every tree,
Mocks married men; for thus sings he,
Cuckoo!
Cuckoo! cuckoo! O word of fear,
Unpleasing to a married ear!"
Shakespeare: Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2.
Cuckoo (A). A watch or clock. The French have the same slang word coucou for a watch or clock. Of course, the word is derived from the German cuckoo-clocks, which, instead of striking the hour, cry cuckoo. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Specialty Definition: Common Cuckoo

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Common Cuckoo
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Cuculiformes
Family:Cuculidae
Genus: Cucullus
Species:canorus
Binomial name
Cucullus canorus

The Common Cuckoo (Cucullus canorus) is a member of the cuckoo order of birds, the Cuculiformes, which also includes the roadrunners, the anis, the coucals, and the Hoatzin.

It is a widespead summer migrant to Europe and western Asia, and winters in Africa. It is a brood parasite, which lays its eggs in the nests particularly of Dunnocks, Meadow Pipits, and Reed Warblers.

Female Cuckoos favour a particular host species, and lay eggs which match that species' in colour and pattern. The exception is in the case of the Dunnock, where the Cuckoo's egg has no resemblance to its hosts' blue eggs. This is thought to be because the Dunnock is a recent host, and has not acquired the ability to distinguish eggs.

The chick which hatches from the egg laid in the other species' nest methodically evicts all other occupants of the nest, a behaviour that was first described by Edward Jenner. This is necessary since it is a much larger bird than its hosts, and needs to monopolise the parents' food supplies.

This cuckoo is a greyish bird with a slender body, long tail and strong legs. The females only are sometimes brown, the ”hepatic” phase. It looks like a small bird of prey in flight, although the wings stay below the horizontal.

It is a bird of open country. Its food is insects, with hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds, being a speciality.

The cuckoo group gets its English and scientific names from the call of the male Common Cuckoo, usually given from an open perch, goo-ko. The female has a loud bubbling call. In England, hearing the call of the Cuckoo is regarded as the first harbinger of spring, and The Times newspaper notoriously features correspondence every year reporting the first calls.

The word "cuckold" derives from the Cuckoo's practice of tricking other birds into raising its young.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Common Cuckoo."

Top     



Cuckoo

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Cuckoos
Great Spotted Cuckoo (adult; juvenile)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Cuculiformes
Family:Cuculidae

The Cuculidae or cuckoos are an order of near passerine birds, many of which are brood parasites in the nests of birds of other species.

The best-known example is the European Common Cuckoo. The baby which hatches from the egg laid in another species' nest methodically evicts all other occupants.

The family also includes the roadrunners, the anis, and the coucals. The coucals are not nest parasites and, unlike many cuckoos, lay their eggs on the ground. These large tropical cuckoos are capable of taking vertebrate prey such as lizards.

The Cuculiformes order, in addition to the cuckoos, also includes the turacos (perhaps better considered as a separate order, Musophagiformes) and the unique Hoatzin, which was previously classified in the Galliformes. The taxonomy of the latter enigmatic species, however, remains in dispute.

These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Most occur in forests, but some are birds of more open country. Most are insect eaters, with hairy caterpillars, which are avoided by many birds, being a speciality.

The group gets its English and scientific names from the call of the Common Cuckoo, which is also familar from cuckoo clocks.

Species are:

Top     

Synonyms: Cuckoo

Synonyms: bozo (n), fathead (n), goof (n), goose (n), jackass (n), twat (n), zany (n). (additional references)

Top     

Synonyms within Context: Cuckoo

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Imitation

Imitator, echo, cuckoo, parrot, ape, monkey, mocking bird, mime; copyist, copycat; plagiarist, pirate.

Instantaneity

Clock, wall clock, pendulum clock, grandfather's clock, cuckoo clock, alarm clock, clock radio; watch, pocket watch, stopwatch, Swiss watch; atomic clock, digital clock, analog clock, quartz watch, water clock; chronometer, chronoscope, chronograph; repeater; timekeeper, timepiece; dial, sundial, gnomon, horologe, pendulum, hourglass, clepsydra; ghurry.

Repetition

Cuckoo; (imitation); reverberation; drumming; (roll); renewal; (restoration).

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Top     

Crosswords: Cuckoo

English words defined with "cuckoo": aniblack-billed cuckooChannel bill, Chaparral hen, Coccyzus erythropthalmus, coucal, Crow pheasant, Cuckoo clock, Cuckoo maid, Cuculidae, Cuculus canorusElleck, European cuckoofamily Cuculidae, Frog hopper, Froth insectGowkPheasant coucalRain fowlspittle insectTitling, Toad spittleWittol, Wood soreZygodactylous. (references)
Specialty definitions using "cuckoo": Bow-wow Wordchaparral bird, Cherry Trees and the Cuckoo, Cuckoo Oats and Woodcock HayGotham, GoukLadies' SmocksWelsh Ambassador. (references)
Etymologies containing "cuckoo": Coccyx. (references)

Top     

Modern Usage: Cuckoo

DomainUsage

Screenplays

In Switzerland they had brotherly love - they had 500 years of democracy and peace, and what did that produce? The cuckoo clock (The Third Man; writing credit: Graham Greene; Alexander Korda)

I can hear the cuckoo singing in the cuckooberry tree (Man of La Mancha; writing credit: Dale Wasserman)

Nicholas? It must be the only church clock with a cuckoo in it (To the Manor Born; writing credit: Thomas Brinx; James Krüss)

Movie/TV Titles

Cuckoo Patrol (1967)

The Nest of the Cuckoo Birds (1965)

Cuckoo on a Choo-Choo (1952)

The Cuckoo Clock (1950)

Cuckoo College (1949)

Song Titles

Cuckoo, The (performing artist: Katy Moffatt)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Commercial Usage: Cuckoo

DomainTitle

Books

  • Cloud Cuckoo Land (reference)

  • Goosebumps Books #25-#28/Boxed Set the Cuckoo Clock of Doom/a Night in Terror Tower/My Hairiest Adventure/Attack of the Mutant (reference)

  • The Cuckoo Tree (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Theater & Movies

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Image Slideshow: Cuckoo

Photos:
Cuckoo

More pictures...

Illustrations:
Cuckoo

More pictures...

Computer Images:
Cuckoo

More pictures...

Top     

Photo Album: Cuckoo

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Chief Petty Officers study books on "Personnel Management", in the battleship's "Chief's Quarters", circa 1923-25. Note ornate cuckoo clock on the bulkhead in the background. Credit: NAVY.

Little known occupations: tuning cuckoo clocks. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Top     

Digital Photo Gallery: Cuckoo
 

"Clock" by Grenville Tryon
Commentary: "A wall cuckoo clock."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

Top     

Sounds Captioned with "Cuckoo".

PlayCaptionPlayCaption
Cuckoo clock chiming three o'clock.Cuckoo call.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Usage Frequency: Cuckoo

"Cuckoo" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 91.19% of the time. "Cuckoo" is used about 386 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)91.19%35215,213
Noun (proper)6.22%2471,196
Noun (common)2.59%10111,207
                    Total100.00%386N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Top     

Expressions: Cuckoo

Expressions using "cuckoo": Cuckoo bee cuckoo bread cuckoo clock Cuckoo dove Cuckoo falcon Cuckoo fish cuckoo flower cuckoo in the nest Cuckoo maid cuckoo mate cuckoo pint Cuckoo ray cuckoo spit Cuckoo spittle european cuckoo ground cuckoo pheasant cuckoo young cuckoo. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "cuckoo": cuckoo-bee, cuckoo-bees, cuckoo-bird, cuckoo-bumblebee, cuckoo-clock, cuckoo-flowers, cuckoo-pint, cuckoo-spit.

Ending with "cuckoo": cloud-cuckoo.

Containing "cuckoo": cloud-cuckoo-land.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Cuckoo

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

cuckoo clock

3,630

one who flew over the cuckoo nest

10

one flew over the cuckoo nest

571

cuckoo tropical

9

cuckoo

102

cuckoo flew nest note one over

8

author cuckoo flew nest one over

75

book cuckoo flew nest one over

8

black forest cuckoo clock

57

cuckoo flew from nest one over quote

8

cuckoo clock repair

35

one flew over cuckoo

8

cuckoo clock part

35

cuckoo flew movie nest one over review

7

cuckoo bird

27

cuckoo clock germany

7

german cuckoo clock

25

cliff cuckoo flew nest note one over

7

cuckoo nest

25

cuckoo return

7

cuckoo flew nest one over summary

22

one flew over the cuckoo nest ken kesey

7

cuckoo flew nest one over quote

21

cuckoo flew nest one

6

cuckoo essay flew nest one over

21

black billed cuckoo

6

yellow billed cuckoo

16

clear clock clock clock cuckoo grandfather

6

the cuckoo egg

16

one flew over the cuckoo nest photo

6

one flew over the cuckoo nest movie

15

schneider cuckoo clock

6

one flew over the cuckoo nest picture

12

book review for one flew over the cuckoo nest

6

cuckoo flew nest one over review

12

cuckoo flew gallery nest one over

6

antique cuckoo clock

11

cast cuckoo flew nest one over

6

cuckoo flew nest one over theme

10

criticism cuckoo flew literary nest one over

6
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Modern Translation: Cuckoo

Language Translations for "cuckoo"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

qyqe (gowk), këngë e qyqës, i krisur (balmy, bonkers, cracked, crackers, Daffy, dare devil, daring, desperate, devil may care, flaky, hard on, loon, loony, madcap, nut, nuts, pixilated, potty, screwball, wacky). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏كرر على نحو رتيب, ‏وقوق, ‏وقواقي, ‏وقواق طائر, ‏الوقوقة صوت الوقواق, ‏أحمق (ass, barmy, berk, bonkers, brutish, childish, chuckle-head, chump, daft, empty, empty headed, fantastic, fat, fathead, fatuous, foolish, footless, goofy, goon, haywire, idiotic, impolitic, imprudent, indiscreet, inept, injudicious, insensate, jerk, lemon, mad, meaningless, nit, nitwit, nonsensical, numskull, ornery, oyster, perverse, pointless, prat, screwball, senseless, sod, stupid, unwise, vacant, wacky, weak, weak-minded, whacky, witless, wood-headed, zany), ‏أبله (asinine, ass, brainless, coot, daw, dense, dim witted, dullard, fatuous, feeble minded, gaga, gawky, goofy, half-witted, idiotic, imbecile, lemon, mad, patsy, screwed, sheepish, silly, sod, sodden, softy, soppy, stick in the mud, stupid, vacant, vacuous, wood-headed). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

кукувица (gowk), куку, кукане, кукам, глупчо (pin head, silly), повтарям монотонно (chant), побъркан (addle-brained, addle-headed, addle-pated, cockeyed, crank, crazy, demented, having a screw loose, light-head, light-headed, mental, moonstruck, nutty, touched). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

, 杜鹃, 杜鵑鳥 . (various references)

   

Czech

  

kukaèka. (various references)

   

Danish

  

gøg. (various references)

   

Dutch

  

koekoek (area, areaway, port, skylight). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

kukolo. (various references)

   

Faeroese

  

geykur. (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

فاخته(ج.ش.) (Dove), صدای فاخته دراوردن , دیوانه (Bedlam, Berserk, Crazy, Demented, Fanatic, Fey, Gaga, Harebrained, Insane, Loco, Loony, Lunatic, Mad, Madbrained, Madcap, Manic, Natural, Nut, Nutty, Psychotic). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

käki. (various references)

   

French

  

coucou. (various references)

   

German

  

Kuckuck (bailiff's seal, devil, peekaboo). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

κούκος (cuckoo gurnard, red gurnard, soldier). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

קוקיה. (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

kakukk (gowk). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

semacam burung tekukur, kedasih. (various references)

   

Irish

  

cuach. (various references)

   

Italian

  

cuculo. (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

霍公鳥 , 蜀魂 , 郭公 , 田鵑 , 時鳥 , 杜鵑 , 杜宇 , 沓手鳥 , 子規 , コカの木 (coca tree, Coca-Cola, cocaine, cockpit, cocoa, COCOM, COCOM list, Coordinating Committee for Export to Communist Area, coquette, coquetterie, coquettish, obsessively trend-conscious teen-age girls who may offer themselves for enjou kousai with older men in order to finance their lifestyle, shell), 不如帰 . (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ほととぎす, かっこう (appearance, bishop, descent, each clause, each item, form, manner, moderateness, posture, shape, suitability), コキュ . (various references)

   

Korean 

  

뻐꾸기. (various references)

   

Manx

  

cooag (falsetto). (various references)

   

Norwegian

  

gjøk. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

uckoocay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

cuco (gowk, pumpkin-head). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

cucu, cuc (gowk). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

разиня (chaw-bacon, gawk), кукушка (gowk), куковать кукшка, куковать, кукование, глупец (buzzard, dweeb, fool, gander, lump). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

cuthag, cubhag, cu'ag, cubhag. (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

kukavica (chicken-liver, coward, dastard, faintheart, gowk, recreant), kukati (complain, gripe, lament, yammer), budala (bullhead, cockeye, dolt, dumdum, fool, gaby, gawk, half wit, jackass, josser, nincompoop, ninny, ninny-hammer, sap, tomfool). (various references)

   

Shona

  

haya (cuckoo bird). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

cuco (dinky). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

gök (cockoo, fellow). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

kuku (Fanny, quim, snatch), kaçık (a button short, balmy, barmy, Batty, certifiable, crack-brained, cracked, daft, disordered, Dotty, fantastic, fantastical, fey, ladder, loco, not all there, nut, nutcase, nutty, off one's onion, out of one's mind, pixilated, queer, queer in the head, run, scatty, screwy, wacky, whacky), guguklamak, guguk kuşu, guguk, aptal (bird brained, birdbrain, booby, cretin, daft, Dotty, drag, dumb, dumb bell, dummy, dunce, fathead, fat-head, fat-headed, fatuous, feeble minded, fool, foolish, gaga, goofy, gormless, half wit, half-witted, harebrained, idiot, idiotic, inane, innocent, lummox, oafish, silly, simp, softhead, softy, stupid, thickheaded, tomfool, twerp, twit), çatlak (balmy, barmy, break, chap, chapped, chappy, chink, chip, cleft, cloven, crack, crack-brained, cracked, crackers, cracky, cranny, crevasse, crevice, disordered, fault, fissure, flaw, fracture, fractured, hoarse, interstice, interstitial, meshuggah, nut, nutty, off one's chump, off one's rocker, pixilated, potty, queer, queer in the head, rift, rupture, rusty, screwy, shake, shaken, shaky, split, spring, touched). (various references)

   

Turkmen 

  

ikatдk. (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

роззява (calf, caravan, chaw-bacon, goose, softy, yak, zany), телепень (addle-head, ass, blockhead, boob, chuckle-head, chump, clod, dunderhead, fathead, gawk, oaf, pudding-head, pumpkin-head), кукати, кування (forging, hammering, smithing), зозуля (gowk), здурілий (gaga, muzzy, silly), божевільний (addle-brained, addle-pated, batchy, bedlam, brainsick, crack-brained, crackpot, crazed, crazy, daft, delirious, demented, deranged, frenetic, insane, loony, lunatic, mad, madman, moonstruck, non compos, nuts, nutty, possessed, rabid, scatty). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

gàn gàn (touched). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

cwcw. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Top     

Ancestral Language Translations: Cuckoo

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Greek700 BCE-300 CE

kokkyx. (various references)

Latin500 BCE-Modern

cuculus, Cuculus canorus, RM:cucu. (various references)

Old English450-1100

geac. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Bible Trace: Cuckoo

LanguageDateSourceLeviticus Chapter 11, Verse 16
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintKai strouqon kai glauka kai laron kai ta omoia autw kai ieraka kai ta omoia autw
Latin405VulgateStrutionem et noctuam et larum et accipitrem iuxta genus suum
Middle English1395Wyclif`an ostriche, and a nyyt crowe, and a coote, and an hawke after his kynde;
Renaissance English1526TyndaleThe estrich, the nightcrowe, the cocow, the sparowhauke and al the kynde:
Jacobean English1611King JamesAnd the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after his kind,
Victorian English1833WebsterAnd the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind,
Basic English1964OgdenAnd the ostrich and the night-hawk and the sea-hawk, and birds of that sort;

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Matched Bible Translations: Cuckoo

LanguageLeviticus Chapter 11, Verse 16
CebuanoAng abestros, ug ang mananagit sa gabii, ug ang laro, ug ang manaol ingon sa ilang matang,
Croatiannoj, kobac i galeb; lastavica svake vrste;
DanishStrudsen, Takmasfuglen, Mågen, de forskellige Arter af Høge,
DutchEn de struis, en de nachtuil, en de koekoek, en de sperwer naar zijn aard;
Finnishkamelikurki, pääskynen, kalalokki ja jalohaukkalajit,
Frenchl`autruche, le hibou, la mouette, l`épervier et ce qui est de son espèce;
Germanden Strauß, die Nachteule, den Kuckuck, den Sperber mit seiner Art,
HungarianA strucz, a bagoly, a kakuk és a karvaly az õ nemével.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lamadan burung unta dan burung hantu dan camar dan elang sejenis-jenisnya,
Italianlo struzzo, la civetta, il gabbiano e ogni specie di sparviere,
Korean타 조 와, 다 호 마 스 와, 갈 매 기 와, 새 매 종 류 와,
MaoriMe te otereti, me te kahu po, me te koekoea, me te kahu, me nga mea pera,
Norwegianog strutsen og gjøken og måken, og høken efter sine arter,
Portugueseo avestruz, o mocho, a gaivota, o gavião segundo a sua espécie,   
Rumanianstruyul, bufniya, pescqrelul, coroiul wi tot ce yine de neamul lui;
RussianУФТБХУБ, УПЧЩ, ЮБКЛЙ Й СУФТЕВБ У РПТПДПА ЕЗП,
Swedishstrutsen, tahemasfågeln, fiskmåsen, höken med dess arter,

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Derivations & Misspellings: Cuckoo

Derivations

Words beginning with "cuckoo": cuckooed, cuckooflower, cuckooflowers, cuckooing, cuckoopint, cuckoopints, cuckoos. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Cuckoo" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Cecco, Chucko, Cissokho, Cissoko, cockup, Cucc, cucco, Cuck, cuckel, cucko, Cuco, cukoo, Cukor, Mukoko, Ucko. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Top     

Anagrams: Cuckoo

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-c-k-o-o-u"

-2 letters: coco, cook.

-3 letters: coo.

 Words containing the letters "c-c-k-o-o-u"
 

+1 letter: cuckoos.

 

+2 letters: cuckooed.

 

+3 letters: cuckooing, woodchuck.

 

+4 letters: cockalorum, cuckoopint, stuccowork, woodchucks.

 

+5 letters: cockalorums, cuckoopints, stuccoworks.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Top     



INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Photo Album
8. Images: Digital Art
9. Sounds
10. Usage Frequency
11. Expressions
12. Expressions: Internet
13. Translations: Modern
14. Translations: Ancient
15. Bible Trace
16. Derivations
17. Anagrams
18. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.