Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Correspondence |
CorrespondenceNoun1. Communication by the exchange of letters. 2. Compatibility of observations; "there was no agreement between theory and measurement"; "the results of two tests were in correspondence". 3. The relation of correspondence in degree or size or amount. 4. A function such that for every element of one set there is a unique element of another set. 5. Communication by exchange of letters. 6. (mathematics) an attribute of a shape; exact correspondence of form on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane. 7. Similarity by virtue of correspondence. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "correspondence" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
Synonyms: CorrespondenceSynonyms: agreement (n), balance (n), commensurateness (n), map (n), mapping (n), parallelism (n), proportionateness (n), symmetricalness (n), symmetry (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: asymmetry (n). (additional references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A one-to-one correspondence is another name for a bijection.
In economics, a correspondence between the sets A and B is usually thought of as a map f:A→P(B)from the elements of a set A into the set of all subsets of a set B (the power set of B). This is equivalent to the first definition. However, there is usually an additional property that for all a in A, f(a) is not empty. In other words, each element in A maps to a non-empty subset of B; or in terms of a relation R as subset of AxB, R projects to A surjectively.
An example of a correspondence in economics is the best response correspondence in game theory, which gives the optimal action for a player as a function of the strategies of all other players. If there is always a unique best action given what the other players are doing, then this is a function. If for some opponent's strategy, there is a set of best responses that are equally good, then this is a correspondence.
In algebraic geometry a correspondence between algebraic varieties V and W is in the same fashion a subset R of VxW, which is in addition required to be closed in the Zariski topology. It therefore means any relation that is defined by algebraic equations. There are some important examples, even when V and W are algebraic curves: for example the Hecke operators of modular form theory may be considered as correspondences of modular curves.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Correspondence."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Agreement | Conformity; conformance; uniformity; consonance, consentaneousness, consistency; congruity, congruence; keeping; congeniality; correspondence, parallelism, apposition, union. |
Correspondence | Verb: correspond with; write to, send a letter to; keep up a correspondence. |
Noun: correspondence, letter, epistle, note, billet, post card, missive, circular, favor, billet-doux; chit, chitty, letter card, picture post card; postal, card; despatch; dispatch; bulletin, these presents; rescript, rescription; post; (messenger). | |
Similarity | Noun: similarity, resemblance, likeness, similitude, semblance; affinity, approximation, parallelism; agreement; analogy, analogicalness; correspondence, homoiousia, parity. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | By Correspondence (1928) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
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Theater & Movies | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Correspondence room, Rockingham Hotel, Portsmouth, N.H. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Declaration of Independence | 1776 | We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. (reference) |
US Constitution | 1791 | The Virginia commissioners, after some correspondence, fixed the first Monday in September as the time, and the city of Annapolis as the place for the meeting, but only four other States were represented, viz: Delaware, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania; the commissioners appointed by Massachusetts, New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Rhode Island failed to attend. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | There shall be paid by the German Government the total cost of all armies of the Allied and Associated Governments in occupied German territory from the date of the signature of the Armistice of November 11, 1918, including the keep of men and beasts, lodging and billeting, pay and allowances, salaries and wages, bedding, heating, lighting, clothing, equipment, harness and saddlery, armament and rolling-stock, air services, treatment of sick and wounded, veterinary and remount services, transport service of all sorts (such as by rail, sea or river, motor lorries), communications and correspondence, and in general the cost of all administrative or technical services the working of which is necessary for the training of troops and for keeping their numbers up to strength and preserving their military efficiency. (reference) |
United Nations | 1948 | No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | Every possibility of good was before me, and the first of blessings secured, in obtaining her promises of faith and correspondence. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Keep records and copies of correspondence. (references) | |
Save the SPD and all other health plan brochures and documents, along with memos or correspondence from your employer relating to health benefits. (references) | ||
Business | G.Med, which welcomes any correspondence in English, has an official representative in the United States. (references) | |
Children | Sierra Leone | There did not appear to be a strong correspondence between ethnic or regional and political cleavages. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Iran | Cassette tapes, printed material, personal correspondence, and photographs are subject to confiscation. (references) |
Algeria | Broad provisions in the new law provide for prison terms of between 2 and 24 months and fines ranging from $129 (10,000 dinars) to $6,494 (500,000 dinars) for "any person who insults a judge, a civil servant, or one of the representatives of public order with a word, a gesture, a threat, a piece of correspondence, a piece of writing or a drawing while they are exercising their profession, and does so with the intention of offending their honor, their authority, or the respect required of their profession." The law, as amended, provides the same punishments for anyone who "commits insult, contempt or defamation" directed at "Parliament or one of its chambers, tribunals, courts of justice, the People's National Army, or any other authority of public order." No journalist had been charged under the new law by year's end; however, the Government brought defamation cases against journalists during the year under the old provisions of the Penal Code. (references) | |
Economic History | Kenya | Other U.S. banks have correspondence relationships with Kenyan banks. (references) |
India | At present, 20 percent of India's 133 universities have correspondence institutes. (references) | |
India | In India, dot matrix printers are still used in business correspondence by some industrial groups. (references) | |
Human Rights | Cuba | The Government also monitors domestic phone calls and correspondence. (references) |
Burma | Security personnel regularly screen private correspondence and telephone calls. (references) | |
Japan | Prisoners faced severe restrictions on the quantity of their incoming and outgoing correspondence. (references) | |
Minorities | Congo | There was heavy representation from each leader's ethnic group among his immediate staff: Mbochi for Sassou-Nguesso, Lari for Kolelas, and the groups from the Niari, Bouenza, and Lekoumou regions for Lissouba; however, the correspondence between ethnic-regional and political cleavages is inexact, and supporters of the Government include persons from a broad range of ethnic and regional backgrounds. (references) |
Trade | Italy | A large number of Italian banks have correspondence relationships with U.S. banks. (references) |
Eritrea | The Commercial Bank has correspondence relations with Citibank of New York as well as some European banks. (references) | |
Travel | Venezuela | Most correspondence is done by fax or email. (references) |
Netherlands | English usually can be used in commercial correspondence. (references) | |
Ireland | Prompt acknowledgement of correspondence by fax, e-mail, or air mail is recommended. (references) | |
Women | India | The NHRC engaged in correspondence with the Chief Minister's office but has yet to receive a reply. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | The correspondence between the Department of State and this minister will show how unessentially the features presented in its commencement have been varied in its progress. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | With a portion of them the correspondence of our commanders on the eastern aspect of the South American coast and among the islands of Greece discover how far we have been involved. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Correspondence" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.96% of the time. "Correspondence" is used about 1,438 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.96% | 1,423 | 5,650 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.97% | 14 | 93,893 |
| Noun (common) | 0.07% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,438 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "correspondence": address for correspondence ♦ be in correspondence ♦ be in correspondence with smb. ♦ Collected Correspondence [Publication Type] ♦ commercial correspondence ♦ correspondence card ♦ correspondence chess ♦ correspondence column ♦ correspondence course ♦ correspondence school ♦ keep up a correspondence ♦ maintain correspondence ♦ study by correspondence. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "correspondence": correspondence-computation, correspondence-course, correspondence-school. | |
Ending with "correspondence": non-correspondence. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "correspondence"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | pajtim (agreement, chime, compliance, conciliation, conformity, consistency, keeping, propitiation, reconcilement, reconciliation, subscription), përputhje (accordance, consistency, consonance, occlusion, osculation), ngjashmëri (analogy, identity, image, kinship, likeness, parallel, parallelism, propinquity, resemblance, sameness, similarity, similitude), letërkëmbim, korrespondencë (mail). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | مطابقة (accord, accordance, conformity, identity, stratification), مراسلة (office boy), توافق (adjustable, adjustment, agree, agreement, chime, coincide, coincidence, concord, correspond, harmonization, harmonize, harmony, hit it off with smb., reconcile, work in with), تطابق (agree, coincide, coincidence, concurrence, consistency, correspond, fitness, identification, identify, match, oneness, parallelism, self identification, symmetry), تراسل (correspond), تشابه (bear, like, likeness, look alike, parity, propinquity, resemblance, resemble, similarity), إنسجام (accord, accordance, agreement, concert, concord, concordance, conformity, congruence, consonance, curve, exaltation, harmony, smoothness, sympathy, symphony, unison, unity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | съответствие (accordance, adequacy, agreement, appropriateness, aptness, conformity, congruence, fit, parallel, parallelism, parity, pendant, tally), кореспонденция (mail), преписка. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 书信, 函件 (letters). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | souhlas (acceptance, accord, agreement, applause, approbation, approval, assent, blessing, compliance, conformity, consensus, consent, consistency, nod, ok, okay, permission, say so), shoda (accord, accordance, agreement, community, compliance, concord, conformity, congruence, conjuncture, Deuce, harmony, oneness, parity, unanimity, understanding, union, unity), korespondence, dopisování. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | underskrive posten (letters, post, sign the mail), korrespondance, forsendelse (consignment, to turn into the line, transit), brevveksling. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | de (weggaande) post tekenen (letters, post, sign the mail), briefwisseling. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | مطابقت (Accordance, Compatibility, Concord), مراسلات , تشابه (Resemblance, Similarity, Simile, Symmetry). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | kirjelähetykset. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | Correspondance. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Korrespondenz, Briefwechsel, schriftverkehr. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | αντιστοιχία (register), αλληλογραφία (mail). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | תכתובת, חלופי מכתבים, כתב" (report, reportage, story, write up), "תאמ" (accommodation, accord, adaptation, adjustment, agreement, appropriateness, aptness, compliance, fit, fitness, harmony, suitability), "תכתבות, "מיון (fancy, fantasy, imagination, like, likeness, resemblance, semblance, similarity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | levelezés, összhang (accord, accordance, chime, concert, concordance, conformity, consonance, consonancy, consort, diapason, harmony, rapport, symphony, unison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | Corrispondenza (agreement, mail). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 便り (information, letter, news, tidings). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | たいおう (coping with, dealing with, interaction, pertaining to Europe, staying in Europe), たいとう (appearance of, becoming famous, coming to power, decadence, decline, equivalence, equivalent, large and wide, long sword, opposition, peaceful and calm, raising one's head, rise of, wearing a sword), たより (dependence, information, letter, news, reliance, tidings), おうらい (coming and going, highway, road, street traffic), お"し" (letter, news, tidings), メール"うか" (exchange of letters), しょうおう (anaphora, being in accordance with), しょか" (epistle, feeling, impression, jurisdiction, letter, note), ぶ"つう (exchange of letters), つうし" (communication, heartache, news, signal, worry), い"し" (labia, letter, news, prosperity, sexual passion, the labium, tidings), "うし" (57th of the sexagenary cycle, accelerated, acceleration, backward, constancy, developing, exasperated, exasperation, favorite courtier, filial devotion, innovation, labia, lips, march, meritorious retainer, one's junior, parade, red lips, renewal, renovation, rise, rising, spiritism, spiritualism, steadiness, telecommunications, update), コレポン , コレスポンデンス . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 통 (SIG). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | post (mail, post), coreggyrtys (conformity, mutuality, symmetry). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | orrespondencecay correspondência (mail, piece of mail). (various references) corespondenţã (connection, letter-writing, mail, respondence), conformitate (agreeableness, agreement, compliance, concordance, conformability, conformity, propriety, resemblance), concordanţã (accord, accordance, agreement, concordance, conformity, congruence, consistency, harmony, keeping, sequence), schimb de scrisori, potrivire (accommodation, accord, adaptation, adequacy, adjustment, agreement, aptness, arrangement, congeniality, congruence, congruity, decorum, dovetailing, felicity, fit, fitness, fitting, pairing, purpose, suitability), acord (accede, accession, accord, accordance, agree, agreement, arrangement, assent, cheer, chord, coincidence, compact, compliance, composition, concert, concord, concordance, concurrence, conformity, congeniality, congruence, congruity, consent, consentaneity, consistency, contract, convention, covenant, harmony, key, permit, solidarity, treaty, understanding, uniformity, union, unison, unity). (various references) корреспонденция. (various references) prepiska, predstavljanje (impersonation, presentation, presentment, rendering, representation), korespodencija. (various references) correspondencia (agreement, mail, map, match, postbag, reciprocation). (various references) korrespondens, brevväxling, överensstämmelse (accord, accordance, agreement, congruence, identity, oneness). (various references) yazışma, uygunluk (acceptability, accordance, adaptation, adequacy, advisability, appositeness, aptitude, coherence, coherency, comeliness, compatibility, concord, conformation, conformity, congeniality, congruence, congruity, convenience, correctitude, correctness, decency, expedience, expediency, felicity, fidelity, fitness, handiness, happiness, opportuneness, pertinence, propitiousness, propriety, relevance, relevancy, seemliness, sufficiency, suitability), muhabirin ilettiği haber, mektuplaşma, haberleşme (communication, intercommunication), benzeşme (affinity, assimilation, similitude, simulation). (various references) gaяybana (by correspondence, externally). (various references) співвідношення (correlation, interrelation), кореспонденція (post), відповідність (accord, accordance, adequacy, appropriateness, aptness, concordance, conformity, congruence, parallel, suitability, sympathy, truth), аналогія (analogy). (various references) sự xứng nhau, sự tương ứng, sự phù hợp thư từ, quan hệ thư từ. (various references) cyfatebiaeth (analogy), gohebiaeth. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "correspondence": correspondences. (additional references) | |
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"Correspondence" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: coorespondence, coraspondence, corespondance, corespondence, coresspondence, corispondence, correnspondence, correspndence, correspodence, correspondancce, correspondance, correspondece, correspondecne, Correspondencia, correspondense, corresponence. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "correspondence" (pronounced kô'ruspÄ"nduns) |
| 5 | -n d u n s | abundance, ascendance, attendance, dependence, independence, interdependence, overabundance, overdependence, transcendence. |
| 4 | -d u n s | accordance, avoidance, cadence, coincidence, confidence, credence, decadence, dissidence, evidence, guidance, impedance, imprudence, incidence, jurisprudence, overconfidence, precedence, Providence, prudence, residence, riddance, subsidence. |
| 3 | -u n s | abeyance, abhorrence, absence, abstinence, acceptance, acquaintance, acquiescence, adherence, admirations, admittance, adolescence, affluence, allegiance, alliance, allowance, ambiance, ambience, ambivalence, ambulance, annoyance, appearance, appliance, arrogance, assistance, assurance, audience, balance, belligerence, beneficence, benevolence, bioscience, brilliance, capacitance, chrominance, circumference, clairvoyance, Clarence, clearance, coexistence, cognizance, coherence, coinsurance, comeuppance, competence, compliance, concurrence, condolence, conference, confluence, conformance, congruence, connivance, conscience, consequence, consistence, continuance, contrivance, convalescence, convenience, convergence, conveyance, countenance, counterbalance, counterintelligence, dalliance, Defeasance, deference, defiance, deliverance, deterrence, deviance, difference, diligence, disallowance, disappearance, discontinuance, disobedience, dissonance, distance, disturbance, divergence, dominance, ebullience, elegance, eloquence, emergence, eminence, endurance, entrance, equivalence, essence, evanescence, excellence, existence, expedience, experience, extravagance, exuberance, flamboyance, Florence, forbearance, fragrance, furtherance, governance, grievance, hindrance, ignorance, imbalance, immanence, imminence, impatience, importance, impotence, inadvertence, incoherence, incompetence, incontinence, inconvenience, indifference, inductance, indulgence, inexperience, inference, influence, inheritance, innocence, insignificance, insistence, insolence, instance, insurance, intelligence, interference, intolerance, intransigence, invariance, irrelevance, irreverence, issuance, licence, license, luminance, luminescence, maintenance, malfeasance, negligence, neuroscience, noncompliance, noninterference, nonviolence, nuisance, obedience, observance, obsolescence, occurrence, omnipotence, omnipresence, opulence, ordinance, Ordnance, overreliance, parlance, patience, penance, performance, permanence, persecutions, perseverance, persistence, pestilence, petulance, phosphorescence, pittance, predominance, preeminence, preference, preponderance, prescience, presence, prevalence, prominence, protuberance, provenance, province, pseudoscience, quintessence, radiance, reappearance, reassurance, recalcitrance, recognizance, reconnaissance, recurrence, reemergence, reference, reinspections, reinsurance, relevance, reliance, reluctance, remembrance, reminiscence, remittance, repentance, resemblance, resilience, resistance, resonance, resurgence, reticence, reverence, science, semblance, senescence, sentence, sequence, severance, significance, silence, submergence, subservience, subsistence, substance, surveillance, sustenance, teleconference, temperance, tolerance, transference, transience, turbulence, unbalance, utterance, Valence, variance, vehemence, vengeance, videoconference, vigilance, violence, virulence. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-c-d-e-e-e-n-n-o-o-p-r-r-s" | |
-3 letters: precensored. | |
-4 letters: correspond, recondense. | |
-5 letters: conceders, concerned, condenser, condoners, cornpones, credences, crescendo, endoscope, endospore, ensconced, neoprenes, ponderers, precensor, prescored, prescreen, responder. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-c-d-e-e-e-n-n-o-o-p-r-r-s" | |
+1 letter: correspondences. | |
+2 letters: correspondencies. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
