Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Confrontation |
ConfrontationNoun1. A bold challenge. 2. A hostile disagreement face-to-face. 3. The act of opposing groups confronting each other; "the government was not ready for a confrontation with the unions"; "the invaders encountered stiff opposition". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "confrontation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1902. (references) |
Etymology: Confrontation \Con`fron*ta"tion\, noun. [from Late Latin expression confrontatio.]. (Websters 1913) |
Synonyms: ConfrontationSynonyms: encounter (n), opposition (n), showdown (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Confrontation |
| English words defined with "confrontation": arm, at loggerheads ♦ braced, build up ♦ confrontational ♦ dilatory ♦ Fabian, forearm, fortify ♦ gird ♦ opposition ♦ politic ♦ smooth, suave. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "confrontation": Escape Reaction ♦ Psychotherapy, Rational-Emotive ♦ STEP OFF. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Confrontation" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. French (confrontation, showdown, stand off). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I'm already reviewing my computer logs of our confrontation. In a matter of hours I will know everything there is to know about that banana-headed bovine! (Knight Rider; writing credit: Cory Applebaum; Bob Benedetto) We always like to avoid confrontation, whenever possible. (Office Space; writing credit: Mike Judge) | |
Lyrics | No confrontation, probably all night (Music; performing artist: Erick Sermon) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Confrontation (1971) Deadly Confrontation (1982) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Civil Liberties | Nicaragua | During the confrontation one police officer was killed, and one protester wounded. (references) |
Brazil | In March a total of 16 MST members were injured in a confrontation with military police in Minas Gerais. (references) | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Approximately 5,000-10,000 Serbs who fled Kosovo or Serbia during the Kosovo confrontation are believed to be in the RS in private accommodations. (references) | |
Economic History | Fiji | Intercommunal relations were managed without serious confrontation. (references) |
Lebanon | Violent confrontation flared up again in Beirut in 1988 between Amal and Hizballah. (references) | |
Bolivia | The Bolivian army was sent to retake the mines, and in the ensuing confrontation there were several civilian deaths and one military death. (references) | |
Human Rights | Malawi | In August 1999, police shot and killed a former Eritrean detainee and injured six others in a confrontation in Lilongwe. (references) |
Nepal | On September 9, Baijinath Das Tharu was killed in a confrontation between purported Maoists and local villagers in Parsa District. (references) | |
Peru | Unlike the previous year, there were no reports that peasants or others died during armed confrontation with owners of land they occupied. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Chile | Fifty persons were injured in the confrontation, including 14 policemen. (references) |
Political Economy | Costa Rica | A U.S. citizen and a Costa Rican squatter died during a confrontation over land ownership in 1997. (references) |
Somalia | This led to a confrontation with Chief Justice Yusuf Haji Nur, who claimed interim presidential powers pending elections. (references) | |
Travel | Japan | Japanese society is complex, structured, hierarchical and group-oriented with strong emphasis on maintaining harmony and avoiding surface confrontation. (references) |
Kenya | Travelers should follow the printed and electronic media to keep abreast of where and when any political rallies and demonstrations are likely to occur, and of the potential for confrontation. (references) | |
Women | Afghanistan | Implementation remained erratic, but the U.N. and NGO's nonetheless required their female staff to remain at home to avoid open confrontation with the Taliban. (references) |
Worker Rights | Singapore | In addition the widely held view that labor conflict would undermine the country's economic competitiveness and attractiveness to investors, and a cultural aversion to confrontation help to maintain a harmonious labor situation. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Harland Braun | Well, because of O.J., you know, that we had that long chase. So I think they prevented any kind of confrontation by calling me and they prevented any kind of anything going wrong. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | This applies to the military confrontation between the Warsaw Pact and NATO countries as well as to other situations in other parts of the world where tensions lead to the wasteful diversion of resources to weapons of war. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | A cease-fire was achieved without a major power confrontation. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | After a period of confrontation, we are entering an era of negotiation. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | Only a balanced agreement will serve our interests and minimize the threat of nuclear confrontation. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Between us there has been cooperation, there has been competition, and at times there has been confrontation. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Confrontation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.80% of the time. "Confrontation" is used about 1,011 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.8% | 1,009 | 7,312 |
| Noun (common) | 0.2% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,011 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expression using "confrontation": nuclear confrontation. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "confrontation": confrontation-point. | |
Ending with "confrontation": non-confrontation, Self-confrontation. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "confrontation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | vënie përballë, kundërvënie (contradistinction, contraposition, contravention, reaction, traverse), ballafaqim (juxtaposition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | مواجهة (defiance, encounter, facing, meeting, obverse), مجابهة, تحدي. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | конфронтация (showdown), очна ставка, противопоставяне (contradistinction, contrast, dichotomy, objection, opposition, resistance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 交". (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | konfrontace. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | konfrontation (communicating, meeting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | confrontatie. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | yhteenotto (clash, encounter). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | confrontation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | gegenüberstellung (comparison, contrast, identification parade), konfrontation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | αντιμετώπιση. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | עמות (parallelization, set off), "עמת" (parallelism). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | szembesítés (confronting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | konfrontasi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | confronto (assimilation, collation, compare, comparison, parallel), conflittualit , scontro (clash, collision, conflict, crash, disagreement, encounter, engagement, smash, smash up). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 相対 (between ourselves, facing, no third party, relative, tete-a-tete), 直面 , 対質 (cross-examination), 対立 (antagonism, opposition), 対決 (showdown), 対審 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | たいしつ (constitution, cross-examination, exit from a room, genetic make-up, moisture-proof, predisposition), たいし" (person of high rank or income, resistant to earthquakes), たいりつ (antagonism, opposition), たいけつ (showdown), あいたい (between ourselves, facing, no third party, tete-a-tete), ちょくめ". (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 대치. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | shassoo noi (object, objection, resist, resistance, withstand), cur eddin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | onfrontationcay confronto (approach, collation, comparison, parallel), confrontação, acareação (to bring witnesses face to face, to confront witnesses face to face). (various references) confruntare. (various references) конфронтация. (various references) suočenje, konfrontacija. (various references) confrontación (showdown). (various references) konfrontering (line up). (various references) yüzleştirme, yüzleşme (facedown), karşılaşma (contest, encounter, event, fight, match, meet, meeting). (various references) конфронтація (zap), очна ставка, протиборство, порівняння (assimilation, collation, comparison, simile, similitude). (various references) sự chạm trán, sự đương đầu sự đối chất sự đối chiếu. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Avestan | 200-600 | hamistayaêca. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "confrontation": confrontational, confrontationist, confrontationists, confrontations. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "confrontation": nonconfrontation. (additional references) | |
Words containing "confrontation": nonconfrontational, nonconfrontations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Confrontation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: confrontantion, confrotation, controntation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "confrontation" (pronounced kÄ'nfruntā"shun) |
| 7 | -u n t ā" sh u n | disorientation, experimentation, fermentation, fragmentation, incantation, pigmentation, presentation, recantation, sedimentation, segmentation. |
| 6 | -n t ā" sh u n | argumentation, augmentation, documentation, implantation, implementation, indentation, instrumentation, misrepresentation, orientation, ornamentation, ostentation, plantation, regimentation, representation, transplantation. |
| 5 | -t ā" sh u n | accreditation, adaptation, affectation, agitation, amputation, annotation, cetacean, citation, cogitation, cohabitation, computation, connotation, consultation, crustacean, decapitation, deforestation, deportation, devastation, dictation, dilatation, disputation, dissertation, equitation, excitation, exhortation, expectation, exploitation, facilitation, flirtation, flotation, gestation, gravitation, habitation, hesitation, imitation, importation, imputation, incapacitation, incrustation, infestation, inhabitation, interpretation, invitation, irritation, lactation, levitation, limitation, manifestation, meditation, misinterpretation, molestation, mutation, notation, palpitation, permutation, precipitation, premeditation, protestation, quotation, recitation, reforestation, refutation, rehabilitation, reinterpretation, reputation, resuscitation, rotation, sanitation, solicitation, station, superstation, temptation, transportation, vegetation, visitation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, animation, annexation, annihilation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, characterization, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deflation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, deviation, differentiation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, dispensation, disqualification, dissemination, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equivocation, eradication, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, falsification, fascination, federation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gyration, hallucination, harmonization, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implication, impregnation, improvisation, inactivation, inauguration, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incubation, indemnification, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, legalization, legislation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, origination, oscillation, ossification, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, predestination, prefabrication, preoccupation, preparation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recapitalization, recertification, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reformation, refrigeration, regeneration, registration, regulation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, repudiation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-f-i-n-n-n-o-o-o-r-t-t" | |
-2 letters: connotation. | |
-3 letters: contortion, coronation, corotation. | |
-4 letters: nonaction, nonfactor. | |
-5 letters: conation, confront, fraction, nonactor, notation, rotation, traction. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-f-i-n-n-n-o-o-o-r-t-t" | |
+1 letter: confrontations. | |
+2 letters: confrontational. | |
+3 letters: confrontationist, nonconfrontation. | |
+4 letters: confrontationists, nonconfrontations. | |
+5 letters: nonconfrontational. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Quotations: Spoken | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Translations: Ancient 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
