Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Community |
CommunityAdjective1. Affecting the people or community as a whole; "community leaders"; "community interests"; "the public welfare". 2. Belonging to and maintained by and for the local community; "community parks". Noun1. A group of people living in a particular local area; "the team is drawn from all parts of the community". 2. A group of people having ethnic or cultural or religious characteristics in common; "the Christian community of the apostolic age"; "he was well known throughout the Catholic community". 3. Common ownership; "they shared a community of possessions". 4. A group of nations having common interests; "they hoped to join the NATO community". 5. The body of people in a learned occupation; "the news spread rapidly through the medical community". 6. Agreement as to goals; "the preachers and the bootleggers found they had a community of interests". 7. A district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences. 8. (ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "community" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Etymology: Community \Com*mu"ni*ty\, noun; plural Communities. [Latin communitas: compare to Old French communit['e]. Compare to Commonalty, and see Common.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Avian | A group of organisms, generally of wide taxonomic affinities, occurring together. Many will interact within a framework of horizontal and vertical linkages such as competition, predation, and mutualism (Giller and Gee 1987:539) (cf Assemblage). (references) |
Biology & Biotechnology | Group of populations linked together by a web of interrelationships referred to as the web of life. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Any assembly of organisms living together, no particular ecological status being implied. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Environment | In ecology, an assemblage of populations of different species within a specified location in space and time. Sometimes, a particular subgrouping may be specified, such as the fish community in a lake or the soil arthropod community in a forest. (references) |
Public Administration | The organization and system created by persons or groups of individuals or countries, variable in size and extent, that bring together common interests, values, or problems, outlooks and aspirations; Example:neighbourhood community, religious community, rural community, European community. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Community is a set of people (or agents in a more abstract sense) with some shared element. The substance of shared element varies widely, from a situation to interest to lives and values. The term is widely used to evoke sense of collectivity.
In a relatively liberal use of the term, people who use Wikipedia might be referred to collectively as the "Wikipedia user community". Here, what defines community is the same situation the members are in. Certain changes to Wikipedia affect their well-being, even though their preference of how Wikipedia should be may differ vastly.
When there is a clearly shared-interest (economic or otherwise) among a set of people, the people collectively might be called community. Patients of a serious desease who wish the development of a safer, cheaper, and comfortable treatment, is may be referred as a community in this sense.
In a stricter use of the term, community is a group of people who interact with each other. A virtual community, a group of people exchanging messages or other types of information, is a community in this sense. Here, the members usually share a interest.
People living in a small local area, such as a dormitory, neighborhood, district, town, city, is often called community. This is usually a mixture of shared-interest and actual interaction.
An even narrower definition of community has to do with the nature of interaction. In community, interaction is informal and spontaneous than procedurally formalized (such as in bureaucracy), an end in itself than goal-oriented (such as in interest group or advocacy group). The members form tight-knit web-like strucure of relations than a hierarchical one. It is relatively popular among social theorists (such as Max Weber, Emile Durkheim, Georg Simmel, Ferdinand Tonnies) to conceptualize community in this way especially in constrast to modernity.
When people describe a group as a community, it typically implies or evokes some sense of harmonious, egalitarian social form sharing their values and lives. The image is most clear in history, thought there are numerous objections that such an idealistic community is hardly a historical reality. A relatively isolated small village in pre-modern society is often called community.
For example, in the United States, services provided by non-profits, corporations, and others to increase welfare of some of the local citizens are often called community services, even when it is offered for a limited segment of them. Here, the service is for the community in a sense it pursues the egalitarian goal and make the local society more like a community.
See also communication, communion, community college, wireless community projects, virtual community, moral community.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Community."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Coombs is a small community on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, situated on provincial highway 4A approximately ten kilometres west of Parksville. Coombs is home to just over a thousand people.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Coombs, British Columbia."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A hacker community is a group of programmers who share code, exchange improvements and teach one another "tricks" or better methods or writing. "Hacking" in this sense does not have anything to do with illegal computer activity; instead it connotes clever and useful solutions to legitimate computer problems. (See: Hacker (Brilliant Programmer))Probably the most notable hacker community is the community of open source/free software programmers. In this community, Richard Stallman and Linus Torvalds are two of the most well-known hackers.
People contribute to such a community for various reasons, like making useful contributions where they can, wanting to replace proprietary software with open code, or being a part of a larger group.
The Internet plays a key role in hacker communities; it allows people from around the world to collaborate on a project.
In a sense, Wikipedia can be viewed as a hacker community.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Hacker community."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Communities of the Province of British Columbia, CanadaSee also: List of other Canadian Cities, Towns & Villages by Province
- Abbotsford, British Columbia
- Agassiz, British Columbia
- Alert Bay, British Columbia
- Armstrong, British Columbia
- Ashcroft, British Columbia
- Bamfield, British Columbia
- Barriere, British Columbia
- Belcarra, British Columbia
- Bella Coola, British Columbia
- Black Creek, British Columbia
- Bowser, British Columbia
- Britannia Beach, British Columbia
- Burnaby, British Columbia
- Burns Lake, British Columbia
- Cache Creek, British Columbia
- Campbell River, British Columbia
- Castlegar, British Columbia
- Chase, British Columbia
- Chemainus, British Columbia
- Chetwynd, British Columbia
- Chilliwack, British Columbia
- Clearwater, British Columbia
- Clinton, British Columbia
- Clo-oose, British Columbia
- Coldstream, British Columbia
- Colwood, British Columbia
- Comox, British Columbia
- Coombs, British Columbia
- Coquitlam, British Columbia
- Courtenay, British Columbia
- Cowichan Bay, British Columbia
- Cranbrook, British Columbia
- Creston, British Columbia
- Crofton, British Columbia
- Cumberland, British Columbia
- Dawson Creek, British Columbia
- Dease Lake, British Columbia
- Delta, British Columbia
- Duncan, British Columbia
- Earls Cove, British Columbia
- Elkford, British Columbia
- Enderby, British Columbia
- Errington, British Columbia
- Esquimalt, British Columbia
- Fanny Bay, British Columbia
- Fernie, British Columbia
- Field, British Columbia
- Fort Nelson, British Columbia
- Fort Saint James, British Columbia
- Fort Saint John, British Columbia
- Fraser Lake, British Columbia
- Fruitvale, British Columbia
- Fulford Harbour, British Columbia
- Gibsons, British Columbia
- Gold River, British Columbia
- Golden, British Columbia
- Grand Forks, British Columbia
- Greenwood, British Columbia
- Harrison Hot Springs, British Columbia
- Holberg, British Columbia
- Hope, British Columbia
- Houston, British Columbia
- Hudson's Hope, British Columbia
- Invermere, British Columbia
- Jordan River, British Columbia
- Kamloops, British Columbia
- Keats Landing, British Columbia
- Kelowna, British Columbia
- Kimberley, British Columbia
- Kitimat, British Columbia
- Lac le Jeune, British Columbia
- Ladysmith, British Columbia
- Laidlaw, British Columbia
- Lake Cowichan, British Columbia
- Langdale, British Columbia
- Langford, British Columbia
- Langley, British Columbia
- Lillooet, British Columbia
- Lion's Bay, British Columbia
- Logan Lake, British Columbia
- Lumby, British Columbia
- Lund, British Columbia
- Mackenzie, British Columbia
- Madeira Park, British Columbia
- Maple Ridge, British Columbia
- Masset, British Columbia
- Merritt, British Columbia
- Metchosin, British Columbia
- Mission, British Columbia
- Montrose, British Columbia
- Moyie, British Columbia
- Nakusp, British Columbia
- Nanaimo, British Columbia
- Nelson, British Columbia
- New Brighton, British Columbia
- New Westminster, British Columbia
- North Vancouver, British Columbia
- Oak Bay, British Columbia
- Ocean Falls, British Columbia
- Okanagan Falls, British Columbia
- Oliver, British Columbia
- One Hundred Mile House, British Columbia
- Osoyoos, British Columbia
- Oyama, British Columbia
- Parksville, British Columbia
- Peachland, British Columbia
- Pemberton, British Columbia
- Penticton, British Columbia
- Pitt Meadows, British Columbia
- Port Alberni, British Columbia
- Port Alice, British Columbia
- Port Coquitlam, British Columbia
- Port Hardy, British Columbia
- Port McNeill, British Columbia
- Port Moody, British Columbia
- Port Renfrew, British Columbia
- Powell River, British Columbia
- Prince George, British Columbia
- Prince Rupert, British Columbia
- Princeton, British Columbia
- Qualicum Beach, British Columbia
- Quathiaski Cove, British Columbia
- Quatsino, British Columbia
- Quesnel, British Columbia
- Radium Hot Springs, British Columbia
- Revelstoke, British Columbia
- Richmond, British Columbia
- Robson, British Columbia
- Rossland, British Columbia
- Royston, British Columbia
- Saanich, British Columbia
- Salmon Arm, British Columbia
- Sardis, British Columbia
- Sechelt, British Columbia
- Sicamous, British Columbia
- Sidney, British Columbia
- Skidegate, British Columbia
- Smithers, British Columbia
- Sointula, British Columbia
- Sooke, British Columbia
- Sparwood, British Columbia
- Squamish, British Columbia
- Summerland, British Columbia
- Surrey, British Columbia
- Tahsis, British Columbia
- Telkwa, British Columbia
- Terrace, British Columbia
- Tofino, British Columbia
- Trail, British Columbia
- Tsawwassen, British Columbia
- Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia
- Ucluelet, British Columbia
- Union Bay, British Columbia
- Valemount, British Columbia
- Vancouver, British Columbia
- Vanderhoof, British Columbia
- Vernon, British Columbia
- Vesuvius, British Columbia
- Victoria, British Columbia
- View Royal, British Columbia
- Wasa, British Columbia
- Westbank, British Columbia
- West Vancouver, British Columbia
- Whaletown, British Columbia
- Whistler, British Columbia
- White Rock, British Columbia
- Williams Lake, British Columbia
- Yahk, British Columbia
- Youbou, British Columbia
- Zeballos, British Columbia
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of communities in British Columbia."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Oneida Community was a religious community founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848 near Oneida, New York. The community followed the beliefs of Noyes including Communism (in the sense of communal property and possessions), 'Complex Marriage', 'Male Continence', 'Mutual Criticism' and 'Ascending Fellowship'. There were initially some forty-five members to the community. The community grew slowly (72 members by February of 1850, 205 by February of 1851, and 306 members by 1878) but had a complex bureaucracy of twenty-one committees and forty-eight administration departments. There were smaller communities in Wallingford, Newark, Putney, Cambridge, and Manlius for a short time.The community lasted until John Humphrey Noyes attempted to pass on the community to his son, Theodore Noyes. This move was very unsuccessful and divided the community. 'Complex Marriage' was abandoned in 1879 following external pressures and the community soon after broke apart, some of the members reorganizing themselves as a joint-stock company. The joint-stock corporation is still in existence today and is a major producer of silverware under the brand name Oneida Limited.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Oneida Community."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A scientific community (or research community) is usually a loosely knit community of scientists and researchers working on the same subject. (For example there is a robotics community within the field of computer science).Members of the same community do not need to work together, but they will usually be aware of each other's research and publications, and attend the same conferences. Peer reviews of results is also almost always done by members of the same community.
Sometimes the term scientific community is also used to describe the community of all scientists.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Scientific community."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A virtual community is a group whose members are connected by means of information technologies, typically the Internet. Similar terms include online community and mediated community.The term "virtual community" is attributed to the book of the same title by Howard Rheingold in 1993. The book discussed a range of computer-mediated communication and social groups. The technologies included Usenet, MUDs (Multi-User Dungeon), IRC (Internet Relay Chat), chat rooms and electronic mailing lists. He pointed out potential benefit of such a group one can belong to via communication technologies for personal psychological well-being as well as for the society at large. (The proliferation of the World Wide Web started after the book was published)
Today, "virtual community" is loosely used and interpreted to indicate a variety of social groups connected in some ways by the Internet. It does not necessarily mean that there is a strong bond among the members. An email distribution list on Star Trek may have close to one hundred members, and the communication which takes place there could be either one-way (the list owner making announcements) or merely informational (questions and answers are posted, but members stay relatively strangers and uninterested to each other). The membership turnover rate could be high. This is in line with the liberal use of the term community.
The idea that media could generate a community is quite old. Progressive thinkers such as Charles Cooley, early in the 20th century in the United States, envisioned a nation whose members are united strongly because of the increased use of mass media. Also well-known is the term community without propinquity, coined by sociologist Melvin Webber in 1963.
The explosive diffusion of the Internet into some of the countries such as the United States was also accompanied by the proliferation of virtual communities. The nature of those communities and communications are rather diverse, and the benefits that Rheingold envisioned are not neccessarily realized, or pursued, by many. At the same time, it is rather commonplace to see anecdotes of someone in need of special help or in search of a community benefitting from the use of the Internet.
Examples of virtual communities include LiveJournal and Wikipedia. Meetup is an online service designed to facilitate real-world meetings of people involved in various virtual communities.
Related terms:
External links:
- computer-mediated communication
- The Virtual Community by Howard Rheingold (electronic version)
- Playdo community by Andreas Rehnberg (live example)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Virtual community."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| ACP countries | English | Countries in Africa,the Carribean and the Pacific which have concluded the Lomé Convention with the European Community | Economics, Politics & International Affaires |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: CommunitySynonyms: community(a) (adj), public (adj), biotic community (n), community of interests (n), profession (n), residential area (n), residential district (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Good Man | Salt of the earth; one in ten thousand; one in a million; a gentleman and a scholar; pillar of society, pillar of the community, a man among men. |
Mankind | People, persons, folk, public, society, world; community, community at large; general public; nation, nationality; state, realm; commonweal, commonwealth; republic, body politic; million. (commonalty); population. (inhabitant). |
Orthodoxy | The Church; Catholic Church, Universal Church, Apostolic Church, Established Church; temple of the Holy Ghost; Church of Christ, body of Christ, members of Christ, disciples of Christ, followers of Christ; Christian, Christian community; true believer; canonist; (theologian); Christendom, collective body of Christians. |
Participation | Noun: participation; cotenancy, joint tenancy; occupancy in common, possession in common, tenancy in common; joint stock, common stock; co-partnership, partnership; communion; community of possessions, community of goods; communism, socialism; cooperation. |
Party | Community, body, fellowship, sodality, solidarity; confraternity; familistere, familistery; brotherhood, sisterhood. |
Repute | Hero, man of mark, great card, celebrity, worthy, lion, rara avis, notability, somebody; classman; man of rank; (nobleman); pillar of the state, pillar of the church, pillar of the community. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | If he honestly thinks that the environmental community is going to whistle a happy tune while rallying support around this pitifully lame mockery of environmental leadership just because he's a nice guy and he's done better than his predecessors, then your boss is the Chief Executive of Fantasyland (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin.) Nicole, tomorrow Mr. Stephens wants you to make your deposition at the community center (The Sweet Hereafter; writing credit: Atom Egoyan) This rabble you're talking about, they do most of the working and paying and living and dying in this community. Well, is it too much to have them work and pay and live and die in a couple of decent rooms and a bath (It's a Wonderful Life; writing credit: Frances Goodrich, Albert Hackett and Frank Capra. based on the story 'The Greatest Gift' by Philip Van Doren Stern.) Yeah, but we want to hear it, and there's more of us than you. We're a community, like, a majority vote (A Hard Day's Night; writing credit: Alun Owen) Beyond the fact that you are a brilliant Jewish physician who was born in Hungary and studied for a while in Paris, and that certain radical theories of yours have alienated the respectable medical community so that you have severed your connections with various hospitals and branches of the medical fraternity, beyond this I can deduce little (The Seven-Per-Cent Solution; writing credit: Arthur Conan Doyle; Nicholas Meyer) | |
Clever | A city is a large community where people are lonesome together. (references; author: unknown) A good school is a community where children learn to live first and foremost as children and not as future adults. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Community Action Theater on Tour (1973) The Prison Community (1965) Community Pastures (1964) Rabies in Your Community (1958) Community Responsibilities (1955) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Demonstration of rodent control practices being provided to community leaders as part of CDC's community involvement and support activities. Credit: CDC. | To control flies after the 1955 flood in Connecticut, workers sprayed an insecticide mixture containing 5% DDT around community trees. Credit: CDC. | ||
![]() | Filleting salmon in anticipation of a community fish fry in support of the United Seiners Association. Credit: Fisheries. | ![]() | Heading and gutting salmon in anticipation of a community fish fry in support of the United Seiners Association. Credit: Fisheries. |
![]() | A bucket full of quahogs, Mercenaria mercenaria. Quahogs feed by filtering plankton from the water, pumping up to a gallon per hour or more, depending on temperature. This feeding activity helps to improve water quality and clarity in Narragansett Bay and is an important ecological link between the Bay's water column and its benthic, or bottom-dwelling community. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. | ![]() | A sign to commemorate the project sponsors. One of the attributes of this project was the strong community support. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
![]() | Narragansett Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Cobble beach community at Potter Cove on Prudence Island. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). | ![]() | North Inlet - Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, is one of the most abundant members of the North Inlet fish community. Juvenile spot dominate North Inlet fish collections from February to October. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
![]() | Starfish and anemones in a cold water rocky community. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). | ![]() | Mussels, worms and a spider crab at a hydrocarbon seep community. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
![]() | ![]() |
| "Manchester community college" by Jeff Daley Commentary: "Manchester community college in manchester, connecticut." | "Community garden, East Village" by Geoff Hartman Commentary: "One of a series of flower shots in a community garden in the East Village in NYC." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Andrew Carnegie | Surplus wealth is a sacred trust which its possessor is bound to administer in his lifetime for the good of the community. |
Aristotle | The best political community is formed by citizens of the middle class. |
Brigham Young | Any young man who is unmarried at the age of twenty one is a menace to the community. |
Dorothy Day | We have all known the long loneliness and we have learned that the only solution is love and that love comes with community. |
Judith Plaskow | Human beings are fundamentally communal; our individuality is a product of community, and our choices are shaped by our being with others. |
Marcus T. Cicero | A community is like the ones who govern it. |
Oscar Wilde | Public Opinion... an attempt to organize the ignorance of the community, and to elevate it to the dignity of physical force. |
St. Augustine | Order your soul; reduce your wants; live in charity; associate in Christian community; obey the laws; trust in Providence. |
St. Thomas Aquinas | Law: an ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has care of the community. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Magna Carta | 1215 | And if we shall not have corrected the transgression (or, in the event of our being out of the realm, if our justiciar shall not have corrected it) within forty days, reckoning from the time it has been intimated to us (or to our justiciar, if we should be out of the realm), the four barons aforesaid shall refer that matter to the rest of the five and twenty barons, and those five and twenty barons shall, together with the community of the whole realm, distrain and distress us in all possible ways, namely, by seizing our castles, lands, possessions, and in any other way they can, until redress has been obtained as they deem fit, saving harmless our own person, and the persons of our queen and children; and when redress has been obtained, they shall resume their old relations towards us. (reference) |
John Locke | 1690 | And so accordingly of these the community may make compounded and mixed forms of government, as they think good. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | But you Communists would introduce community of women, screams the whole bourgeoisie in chorus. (reference) |
United Nations | 1948 | Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (reference) |
Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 | In each of the cases, minors of the Negro race, through their legal representatives, seek the aid of the courts in obtaining admission to the public schools of their community on a nonsegregated basis. (reference) |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1938) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Monastic communities are to the great social community what the ivy is to the oak, what the wart is to the human body |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | And they would carry the coffin out of the chapel slowly and he would be buried in the little graveyard of the community off the main avenue of limes |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | We belong to the community. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | These can take place in the community at large. (references) | |
Corrigan JD. Community integration following traumatic brain injury. (references) | ||
Take a single class at the local community college or work towards a degree. (references) | ||
Business | The sail boat community is different. (references) | |
This exhibition draws large crowds from the student community. (references) | ||
In Italy, more than 1,100 Italian cities and towns now offer community interactive sites. (references) | ||
Children | Belgium | Regional and community programs provide other assistance, such as job training. (references) |
Angola | Private religious, community, or corporate groups have been unable to fill this vacuum. (references) | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Roma children may attend schools in all areas of the country, although attendance is low due to pressure from within their community. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Cote d'Ivoire | The Catholic Church operates community radio stations. (references) |
Georgia | Some have enlisted the assistance of the NGO community. (references) | |
Uzbekistan | She received 3 years of community service but later was granted amnesty. (references) | |
Discrimination | Cyprus | While each community generally respects such laws, significant problems remained concerning the treatment of the Greek Cypriots and Maronites living in the north and, to a lesser extent, with the treatment of Turkish Cypriots living in the government-controlled area. (references) |
Ireland | The amended Employment Equality Act outlaws discrimination in relation to employment on the basis of nine distinct discriminatory grounds: Gender, marital status, family status, sexual orientation, religious belief, age, disability, race, and membership in the Traveller community. (references) | |
Economic History | Marshall Islands | A small Bahai community also exists. (references) |
Human Rights | Malawi | Four cities have begun pilot community service programs. (references) |
Pakistan | He later was released after the intervention of community elders. (references) | |
Jamaica | JLP and PNP officials cooperated to ease tensions in the community. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Namibia | This has been especially true in the Khoe San and Mafwe communities in the Caprivi and in the Herero community. (references) |
Indonesia | The consultation's closing statement called for the holding of a congress comprised of the entire Papuan community. (references) | |
Sri Lanka | Although many Veddas continue to pursue a traditional way of life, visits by tourists have become an important source of income for the community. (references) | |
Minorities | Malta | This community has a mosque and a separate school. (references) |
Lithuania | Pursuant to the program, a community school was established. (references) | |
Panama | The ethnic Chinese community is estimated to be about 120,000 persons. (references) | |
Political Economy | Albania | Albania's NGO community is small but growing in influence and expertise. (references) |
Albania | The GOA is increasingly interested in the views of the business community. (references) | |
Malaysia | Malaysia has cultivated an excellent relationship with the U.S. business community. (references) | |
Political Rights | Uganda | On November 1, four female members were elected to represent the country on the East African Community (EAC) legislative Assembly. (references) |
Israel and the occupied territories | There are 11 Arabs and 2 Druze in the Knesset; most represent parties that derive their support largely or entirely from the Arab community. (references) | |
Togo | In 2000 the CENI worked with the Government to develop a budget and then sought funding from the donor community for new legislative elections. (references) | |
Trade | Ghana | Ghana is a member of ECOWAS, the Economic Community of West African States. (references) |
Guinea | Guinea is also a member of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). (references) | |
Zambia | Zambia also belongs to the 14-member Southern African Development Community (SADC). (references) | |
Travel | Ghana | Villa Koreana, Community 12, Tema. (references) |
Kuwait | Crime against the American community is low. (references) | |
Ghana | Excellent Lebanese and fine Continental cuisine, popular with the business community. (references) | |
Women | Mali | A community property marriage must be specified in the marriage contract. (references) |
Mozambique | The law specifically permits women to exercise rights over community land held through customary rights. (references) | |
Cyprus | Spousal abuse in the Greek Cypriot community is a problem; and it continued to receive increased attention. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Cyprus | Antiunion discrimination is not illegal in the Turkish Cypriot community. (references) |
China | Some accept their fate and join the new community; others struggle and are punished. (references) | |
Malawi | The police and the Ministry of Gender, Youth, and Community Services handle any cases that arise. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | TROGLODYTE, n. Specifically, a cave-dweller of the paleolithic period, after the Tree and before the Flat. A famous community of troglodytes dwelt with David in the Cave of Adullam. The colony consisted of "every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented" -- in brief, all the Socialists of Judah. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Fred Thompson | I don't know, Bob, but I'll tell you this. I am very concerned about our intelligence community. Our counterintelligence capabilities, our counterterrorism capabilities are not what they should be. There needs to be major reform in the CIA and the FBI. |
Heather Mills McCartney | Those who survive endure a lifetime of physical, psychological, and economic hardship. And the toll on the community is devastating. |
Mark Geragos | Supervised probation means you have a probation officer. The probation officer will tell you to do this or do that or will supervise, in this case, community service. |
Prince Albert of Monaco | Yeah, yeah. And this has been incredible for us because it was a recognition by the international community that we were a member of that community. And for a small country, that's very important. |
Richard Shelby | We do the oversight, and we have legislation jurisdiction over the committees, but it is not our responsibility to furnish the intelligence to the policymakers. That is the responsibility and obligation of the community. |
Ross Perot | Well, it's basically to get everybody to come in and volunteer to help protect their community and to have a plan in case of an emergency of exactly what everybody does. |
Rush Limbaugh | Because I think Bush does have his eyes on the policy at the end of the day that will do us the most good, and his base in the conservative Christian community see the same thing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | In one in which the measures of government receive their impressions so immediately from the sense of the community as in ours it is proportionably essential. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Advances in science, in communication, in transportation, have compressed the world into a community. |
Dwight Eisenhower | 1953-1961 | Down the long lane of the history yet to be written America knows that this world of ours, ever growing smaller, must avoid becoming a community of dreadful fear and hate, and be, instead, a proud confederation of mutual trust and respect. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Local mass transit, faring even worse, is as essential a community service as hospitals and highways. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | For a second century we labored to establish a unity of purpose and interest among the many groups which make up the American community. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | My recent discussions with the leaders of the Atlantic community, Japan, and South Korea have contributed to meeting the common challenge. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | We are a community, a beloved community, all of us. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Family and community are the co-stars of this Great American Comeback. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | Let them know that together, we affirmed America, and the world, as a community of conscience. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Now we have to preserve our treasures in every community. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Community" is generally used as a noun (common) -- approximately 95.93% of the time. "Community" is used about 23,062 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (common) | 95.93% | 22,123 | 400 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.07% | 938 | 7,718 |
| Total | 100.00% | 23,062 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Japan | Shidax Community Corporation | United Kingdom | Community Hospitals Group Plc |
| USA | American Community Bancshares, Inc. | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
1. Community, VA |
Expressions using "community": agricultural community ♦ biotic community ♦ brazilian community ♦ business community ♦ Business in Community ♦ cargo community system ♦ community acquired ♦ community agistment area ♦ community allotment ♦ community antenna television ♦ community center ♦ community centre ♦ community charge ♦ community chest ♦ community college ♦ Community Dentistry ♦ community energetics ♦ Community Equity Associates ♦ Community farm price ♦ Community Health Aides ♦ Community Health Centers ♦ Community Health Nursing ♦ Community Health Planning ♦ Community Health Services ♦ community home ♦ community leader ♦ community life ♦ Community Medicine ♦ Community mental health center ♦ Community Mental Health Centers ♦ Community Mental Health Services ♦ Community Networks ♦ community of goods ♦ community of heirs ♦ community of interests ♦ community of property ♦ community of scholars ♦ community ownership ♦ Community Pharmacy Services ♦ community property ♦ Community Psychiatry ♦ community radio ♦ community service ♦ community singing ♦ Community typology for agricultural holdings ♦ emigrant community ♦ European Coal and Steel Community ♦ european community ♦ European Community Humanitarian Office ♦ european economic community ♦ financial community ♦ fishing community ♦ industrial community ♦ japanese community ♦ legal community ♦ medical community ♦ mining community ♦ Nespelem Community ♦ Nisqually Indian Community ♦ pillar of the community ♦ portuguese community ♦ religiuos community ♦ sense of community ♦ speech community ♦ the community ♦ Therapeutic Community ♦ village community. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "community": community-acquired, Community-Acquired Infections, community-backed, community-based, community-based-services, community-centre, community-centred, community-controlled, community-decision-making, community-devised, community-directed, community-funded, community-health, community-in-education, Community-Institutional, Community-Institutional Relations, community-led, community-level, community-member, community-minded, community-mindedness, community-ministers, community-orientated, community-oriented, community-originated, community-policing, community-related, community-run, community-scale, community-sensitive, community-set, community-smack, Community-us, community-wide. | |
Ending with "community": cross-community, extra-community, inter-community, non-community, police-community, sub-community. | |
Containing "community": non-community-charge-paying. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "community"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | belangegemeenskap (community of interests). (various references) | |
Albanian | union (union), bashkim (affiliation, alignment, alliance, amalgamation, coalescence, compound, confederation, conflux, conjunction, consolidation, coupling, fusion, hookup, integration, interconnection, interflow, interfusion, joinder, joining, joint, junction, league, ligature, linkage, merger, reconcilability, reunion, seam, soldering, splice, unification, union, welding). (various references) | |
Arabic | منظمة (brotherhood, collective, organism, organization), ملكية مشتركة, موطن مشترك, مجموعة من الناس جالية, مجموعة من النبات, مجموعة (aggregate, aggregation, assemblage, association, band, battery, bloc, block, body, case, collection, combination, company, compilation, complex, gathering, group, list, pack, party, series, set, squad, suit, system, team, troop), مجتمع (folk, society), وحدة (collective, identity, isolation, loneliness, oneness, singularity, solitude, togetherness, unit, unity), تماثل (homogeneity, identification, identify, identity, like, likeness, oneness, resemble, sameness, self identification, similarity, symmetry, sympathize, uniformity), الجمهور (herd), الجماعة, إتفاق (accord, compact, composition, concert, concord, concordance, deal, oneness, pact, promise, settlement, term, treaty, understanding, unity). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | колония (colony, dependency, plantation, settlement, stock), общност (aggregation, commonalty, communion, fraternity, intercommunity, public), общество (company, life, public, society, sodality, world), община (commune, communion, guildhall, parish, township). (various references) | |
Chinese | 體團 , 社區 , 公共 (commonality, Commonalty, Communities). (various references) | |
Czech | veřejnost (public), spoleènost (association, companionship, company, corporation, incorporation, league, partnership, party, set, society, world), spoleèenství (commonalty, communion, corporation, guild, partnership), spoleèenský celek, soulad (concordance, harmony, union), shoda (accord, accordance, agreement, compliance, concord, conformity, congruence, conjuncture, correspondence, Deuce, harmony, oneness, parity, unanimity, understanding, union, unity), obec (municipality, township, village). (various references) | |
Danish | samfundbiocoenose, samfund, personfaellesskab (collectivity), kollektiv (collectivity), biologiske samfund. (various references) | |
Dutch | gemeenschap (society), gemeente (parish). (various references) | |
Ecuadorian Quechua | llacta. (various references) | |
Esperanto | komunumo. (various references) | |
Farsi | عوام (Laity, Popular), انجمن (Assemblage, Assembly, Club, Company, Congress, Convention, Convocation, Council, Group, Guild, Institute, Moot, Order, Society), اجتماع (Assemblage, Assembly, Collection, Commonweal, Crowd, Hurricane, Milieu, Muster, Society, Turnout). (various references) | |
Finnish | yhteisö (collectivity), yhdyskunta (assembly, collectivity, colony). (various references) | |
French | commune (commune), communauté (commune). (various references) | |
German | Gemeinschaft (communion, company, fellowship, group, partnership), Gemeinde (congregation, congregational, corporation, fold, local authority, municipality, parish, parishioners, patrons, township), Gemeinsamkeit (common ground, joint possession, mutuality). (various references) | |
Greek | κοινότητα (commune, township). (various references) | |
Hebrew | שתוף (analogy, communion, joining, participation, partnership, sharing), קהלה (assembly, congregation, public), קהל (assembly, crowd, gathering, public, throng), קבוץ (gathering, group, Ingathering, kibbutz), קרבה (affinity, closeness, familiarity, kinship, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, relation, vicinity), עדה (assembly, congregation, flock, swarm), עם (crowd, folk, mob, nation, people, populace), כלל האוכלוסיה (society), צבור (accumulated, conglomerated, congregation, gathered, heap, pile, piled, public). (various references) | |
Hungarian | közösség (commune, fellowship, polity). (various references) | |
Indonesian | massa (mass), komunitas. (various references) | |
Italian | comunità (settlement), collettività (collectivity). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 公共 (public), 公共 (communal, public, public service, society), 共通 (commonness), 共通 (commonness), 共同社会 (communal society), コミュニケーション科学基礎研究所 (choral, collaboration, collaborative, collaborator, collage, collagen, collie, column, columnist, COM, COMECON, comedian, comedy, comet, Cominform, comment, commentator, comment-out, committee, common, common carrier, common language, common sense, Commonwealth Day, communicate, Communication Science Laboratories, communications intelligence, communications satellite, communicator, communism, communist, Communist Information Bureau, community care, community center, community college, community media, community paper, community school, community sports, computer output microfilm system, comsat, corrida, corundum, Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, Komintern, Komsomol, Korea, operator in a telemarketing business, stand-alone feature article framed by a box). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | きょうどうしゃかい (communal society), きょうつう (chest pain, commonness), こうきょう (affidavit, Catholicism, communal, deposition, healthy economy, prosperous conditions, public, public service, reverberation, society, the Book of Filial Piety, width, width and narrowness, your instructions or suggestions), コミュニティー , コミュニティ . (various references) | |
Korean | 지역 사회 (Communities). (various references) | |
Manx | pobble (congregation, folk, masses, people, population). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ommunitycay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | comunidade (commonwealth, family, intercommunity, society). (various references) | |
Romanian | comunitate (commune, congregation, intercommunity, membership, throng), colectivitate (body, collectivity, the community), societate (association, circle, club, companionship, company, Covey, crowd, firm, guild, institute, presence, society, world), posesiune în comun, obşte (commune, council, parish, society). (various references) | |
Russian | сообщество (fellowship), общность (commonality, generality, intercommunity), общество общественный, общественный (common, communal, public, social), общежитие (dormitory, hostel, social behavior), община (commune, sodality). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zajednica (association, congregation, public, society, unity), zajednički (club: by clubbing together, common, joint, jointly, mutual, mutually, together), opština (borough, township). (various references) | |
Spanish | municipio (borough, city council, city hall, municipality, parish, town, township), comunidad (clanship, common, commune, familiar, joinder, league), sociedad (assn, association, company, companyof, corporation, firm, league, partnership, society), colectividad (collective, collectivity). (various references) | |
Swedish | samhälle (colony, commonwealth, municipality, society), gemenskap (communion, connection, fellowship, solidarity), gemensamhet. (various references) | |
Thai | ประชาคมเศรษฐกิจยุโรป (European Economic Community), ประชาคมยุโรป (European Community). (various references) | |
Turkish | cemiyet, cemaat (boodle, caboodle, communion, congregation, crowd, flock, fold, parish, sect, troop), topluluk (army, cohort, colony, company, corps, coterie, crowd, ensemble, gathering, group, herd, hive, knot, party, push, set, society, troop), ortaklık (association, company, coparcenary, copartnership, joint adventure, joint undertaking, joint venture, participation, partnership, privity, tie up), ortak yön, müşterek tasarruf, benzerlik (affinity, analogy, approach, comparison, conformity, congeniality, identity, kinship, likeness, mimicry, parallel, parallelism, parity, propinquity, resemblance, sameness, similar, similarity, similitude), beledíye. (various references) | |
Turkmen | umumylyk (commoness). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | громада (common, commonalty, sodality), община (commune, phalanx). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | xã hội câu lạc bộ khu vực đồng ca, sự hát tập thể, quận (district, shire, township), phái (coterie, persuasion, side), khu phố, huyện (district, shire), hội (college, gala, institute, society), dân chúng (commonage, demos, multitude, people, populace), dân (soul). (various references) | |
Welsh | cymuned. (various references) | |
Zulu | umasipala. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | bacchidem, collegium, communionem, communionis, dem, demas, demetrio, demetrium, demum, medi, media, medii, mediis, medio, medium. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | airyamanem. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | geferscipe. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "community": intercommunity, noncommunity, subcommunity. (additional references) | |
| |
"Community" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cmmunity, commandite, commisit, commmunity, commnity, commondity, commonish, commuitty, commuity, commumity, communaute, communi, communigy, communikty, communitie, Communityl, communityt, Communiy, communtiy, comuni, comunity, conmunity, cumminity, cummunity, ommunity. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "community" (pronounced kumyuw"nutē) |
| 7 | -m y uw" n u t ē | immunity. |
| 6 | -y uw" n u t ē | disunity, impunity, unity. |
| 5 | -uw" n u t ē | opportunity. |
| 4 | -n u t ē | affinity, alkalinity, amenity, dignity, divinity, eternity, femininity, fraternity, humanity, indemnity, indignity, infinity, inhumanity, insanity, masculinity, maternity, modernity, obscenity, paternity, profanity, salinity, sanity, serenity, solemnity, Trinity, vanity, vicinity, virginity. |
| 3 | -u t ē | absurdity, acceptability, accessibility, ability, abnormality, accountability, acidity, activity, actuality, acuity, adaptability, admissibility, adversity, advisability, affordability, aggressivity, agility, alacrity, ambiguity, amiability, amity, analyticity, animosity, annuity, anonymity, antiquity, anxiety, applicability, atrocity, audacity, austerity, authenticity, authority, availability, banality, barbarity, believability, bestiality, biodiversity, bisexuality, brevity, brutality, calamity, capability, capacity, captivity, causality, cavity, celebrity, centrality, charity, chastity, civility, clarity, collegiality, commodity, commonality, comparability, compatibility, complexity, complicity, comprehensibility, conditionality, conductivity, confidentiality, conformity, congeniality, congruity, connectivity, constitutionality, continuity, convertibility, creativity, credibility, credulity, criminality, criticality, crotchety, culpability, curiosity, cyclicality, debility, deductibility, deformity, deity, deniability, density, dependability, depravity, deputy, desirability, dexterity, dimensionality, disability, discontinuity, irresponsibility, irritability, laity, laxity, legality, disparity, dissimilarity, diversity, docility, domesticity, duality, ductility, duplicity, durability, eccentricity, elasticity, electability, electricity, eligibility, enforceability, enmity, enormity, entity, equality, equanimity, equity, ethnicity, eventuality, exclusivity, expressivity, extraterritoriality, extremity, facility, fallibility, falsity, familiarity, fatality, feasibility, Felicity, ferocity, fertility, festivity, fidelity, finality, flammability, flexibility, fluidity, formality, fragility, frivolity, frugality, functionality, futility, generality, generosity, geniality, gentility, gratuity, gravity, gullibility, heredity, heterogeneity, heterosexuality, hilarity, homogeneity, homosexuality, hospitality, hostility, humidity, humility, hyperactivity, hypersensitivity, identity, illegality, illiquidity, immaturity, immobility, immorality, immortality, impartiality, impersonality, impossibility, impropriety, impurity, inability, inaccessibility, inactivity, incapacity, incivility, incompatibility, incongruity, incredulity, indestructibility, individuality, inequality, inequity, inevitability, infallibility, inferiority, infertility, infidelity, infirmity, inflexibility, informality, ingenuity, insecurity, insensitivity, instability, instrumentality, insularity, integrity, intensity, invincibility, invisibility, invulnerability, irrationality, irregularity, legibility, lethality, levity, liability, liberality, liquidity, lividity, locality, longevity, majority, malleability, maneuverability, marketability, materiality, maturity, mediocrity, mendacity, mentality, minority, miscibility, mobility, modality, monstrosity, morality, morbidity, mortality, motility, multiplicity, municipality, musicality, mutuality, nationality, nativity, necessity, negativity, neutrality, nobility, Nonconformity, nonentity, nonutility, normality, notoriety, nudity, obesity, objectivity, obscurity, oddity, opacity, originality, overcapacity, oversensitivity, palatability, parity, partiality, particularity, passivity, paucity, peculiarity, permeability, perpetuity, perplexity, personality, perversity, piety, plausibility, plurality, polarity, polity, pomposity, popularity, portability, possibility, posterity, practicality, predictability, principality, priority, probability, probity, proclivity, productivity, profitability, progressivity, promiscuity, propensity, proportionality, propriety, prosperity, proximity, publicity, punctuality, purity, quality, quantity, radioactivity, rapidity, rarity, rationality, reactivity, readability, reality, receptivity, reciprocity, reflexivity, regularity, relativity, reliability, religiosity, respectability, responsibility, retroactivity, rickety, rigidity, sanctity, scarcity, seasonality, security, selectivity, senility, seniority, sensibility, sensitivity, sensuality, sentimentality, serendipity, severity, sexuality, similarity, simplicity, sincerity, sobriety, society, solidarity, solidity, sorority, speciality, specificity, spirituality, spontaneity, stability, sterility, stupidity, subjectivity, suitability, superconductivity, superfluidity, superiority, supermajority, surety, survivability, susceptibility, sustainability, technicality, temerity, tenacity, theatricality, timidity, tonality, totality, toxicity, tranquility, transferability, triviality, turbidity, ubiquity, unanimity, unavailability, unfamiliarity, uniformity, universality, university, unpopularity, unpredictability, unreality, unreliability, uppity, utility, validity, variability, variety, varsity, velocity, velvety, venality, veracity, Verity, versatility, viability, virility, virtuosity, viscosity, visibility, vitality, volatility, voracity, vulgarity, vulnerability. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-i-m-m-n-o-t-u-y" | |
-3 letters: comity, commit, conium, county, cummin, muonic, mutiny, myotic. | |
-4 letters: commy, count, cumin, cutin, cyton, mincy, minty, mount, mucin, muton, notum, onium, ontic, tommy, tonic, tummy, tunic, uncoy, unity, yomim, yonic. | |
-5 letters: cion, city, coin, coni, cony, icon, immy, into, mint, mity, momi, mony, muni, muon, omit, otic, tiny, tony, tyin, unci, unco, unit. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-i-m-m-n-o-t-u-y" | |
+2 letters: communality. | |
+3 letters: incommutably, noncommunity, subcommunity. | |
+4 letters: communicatory, unsymptomatic. | |
+5 letters: immunogenicity, intercommunity. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Company Usage | 17. Cities 18. Expressions 19. Expressions: Internet 20. Translations: Modern | 21. Translations: Ancient 22. Abbreviations 23. Acronyms 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.