Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Colours |
ColoursNoun1. A distinguishing emblem; "his tie proclaimed his school colors". 2. A flag that shows its nationality. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "colours" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Literature | Colours (1) Black: In blazonry, sable, signifying prudence, wisdom, and constancy. In art, signifying evil, falsehood, and error. As a mortuary colour, signifying grief, despair, death. (In the Catholic Church violet may be substituted for black). In metals it is represented by lead. In precious stones it is represented by the diamond. In planets it stands for Saturn. In heraldry it is engraved by perpendicular and horizontal lines crossing each other at right angles. (2) Blue: In blazonry, azure, signifying chastity, loyalty, fidelity. In art (as an angel's robe) it signifies fidelity and faith. In art (as the robe of the Virgin Mary) it signifies modesty. In art (in the Catholic Church) it signifies humility and expiation. As a mortuary colour it signifies eternity (applied to Deity), immortality (applied to man). In metals it is represented by tin. In precious stones it is represented by sapphire. In planets it stands for Jupiter. In heraldry it is engraved by horizontal lines. (3) Green: In blazonry, vert, signifying love, joy, abundance. In art, signifying hope, joy, youth, spring (among the Greeks and Moors it signified victory). In church ornaments, signifying God's bounty, mirth, gladness, the resurrection. In metals it is represented by copper. In precious stones it is represented by the emerald. In planets it stands for Venus. As a railway signal it means caution, go slowly. In heraldry it is engraved from left to right. (4) Purple: In blazonry, purpure, signifying temperance. In art, signifying royalty. In metals it is represented by quicksilver. In precious stones it is represented by amethyst. In planets it stands for Mercury. In heraldry it is engraved by lines slanting from right to left. (5) Red: In blazonry, gules; blood-red is called sanguine. The former signifies magnanimity, and the latter, fortitude. In metals it is represented by iron (the metal of war). In precious stones it is represented by the ruby. In planets it stands for Mars. In heraldry it is engraved by perpendicular lines. (6) White: In blazonry, argent; signifying purity, truth, innocence. In art, priests, Magi, and Druids are arrayed in white. Jesus after the resurrection should be draped in white.' As a mortuary colour it indicates hope. In metals it is represented by silver. In precious stones it is represented by the pearl. In planets it stands for Diana or the Moon. In heraldry it is engraved by shields left white. (7) Yellow: In blazonry or signifying faith, constancy, wisdom, glory. In modern art or signifying jealousy, inconstancy, incontinence. In France the doors of traitors used to be daubed with yellow, and in some countries Jews were obliged to dress in yellow. In Spain the executioner is dressed in red and yellow. In Christian art Judas is arrayed in yellow; but St. Peter is also arrayed in golden yellow. In metals it is represented by gold. In precious stones it is represented by the topaz. In planets it stands for Apollo or the Sun. In heraldry it is engraved by dots. Colours Accidental colours. Those colours seen on a white ground after looking for some time at a bright-coloured object, like the sun. Complementary colours. Colours which, in combination, produce white light "The colour transmitted is always complementary to the one reflected."- Brewster: Optics, xii. Fundamental colours. The seven colours of the spectrum: violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. Or red, yellow, blue, also called primary or simple colours. Secondary colours. Those which result from the mixture of two or more primary or simple colours. Colours He was with the colours. In active military service. "The period ... was raised from seven to nine years, five years being passed with the colours, and four in the reserve."- Edinburgh Review (1886). His coward lips did from their colours fly. He was unable to speak. As cowards run away from their regimental colours, so [Caesar's] lips, when he was ill, ran away from their colour and turned pale. To come out in his true colours. To reveal one's proper character, divested of all that is meretricious. To describe [a matter] in very black colours. To see them with a jaundiced eye, and describe them accordingly; to describe [the matter] under the bias of strong prejudice. To desert one's colours. To become a turncoat; to turn tail. The allusion is to the military flag. To give colour or To give some plausible colour to the matter. To render the matter more plausible; to give it a more specious appearance. To paint in bright colours. To see or describe things in couleur de rose. Also "to paint in lively colours." To put a false colour on a matter. To misinterpret it, or put a false construction on it. To see things in their true colours. To see them as they really are. Under colour of ... Under pretence of ...; under the alleged authority of ... Wearing his colours. Taking his part; being strongly attached to one. The idea is from livery. "Jim could always count on every man, woman, and child, wherever he lived, wearing his colours, and backing him ... through thick and thin."- Boldrewood: Robbery Under Arms, chap. xiv. Without colour. "In nudâ veritate," without disguise. Colours National colours - Great Britain Red and blue. America, U.S. Stars on blue, white with red stripes. Austria Red, white, and red. Bavaria Red Denmark Red, with white cross. France Blue, white, and red. Netherlands Red, white, and blue. Portugal Blue and white. Prussia White. Russia White, with blue cross. Spain Red, yellow, and red. Sweden Blue, with yellow cross. Switzerland Red, with white cross. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Color (American English) or colour (British English) is the sensation caused by light as it interacts with the eye, brain, and our experience. The perception of colour is also greatly influenced by nearby colours in the visual scene. The term color is also used for the property of objects that gives rise to these sensations.
- Other meanings: Color (disambiguation).
color wavelength interval frequency interval red ~ 625-740 nm ~ 480-405 THz orange ~ 590-625 nm ~ 510-480 THz yellow ~ 565-590 nm ~ 530-510 THz green ~ 520-565 nm ~ 580-530 THz cyan ~ 500-520 nm ~ 600-580 THz blue ~ 450-500 nm ~ 670-600 THz indigo ~ 430-450 nm ~ 700-670 THz violet ~ 380-430 nm ~ 790-700 THz (The frequencies are approximations and given in terahertz (THz). The wavelengths, valid in vacuum, are given in nanometers (nm). A list of other objects of similar size is available. )
The table above should not be interpreted as a definite list--the pure spectral colors form a continuous spectrum, and how it is divided into distinct colors is a matter of taste and culture. Similarly, the intensity of a spectral color may alter its perception considerably; for example, a low-intensity orange-yellow is brown, and a low-intensity yellow-green is olive-green.
Most colors are not pure spectral; these are created from mixtures of various wavelengths and intensities of light. Examples of non-spectral colors are the achromatic colors (black, gray and white), pastel (desaturated) colors such as pink or tan, and magenta.
Color Vision
Although Aristotle and other ancient scientists speculated on the nature of light and color vision, it was not until Newton that light was correctly identified as the source of the color sensation. Goethe studied the theory of colors, and in 1801 Thomas Young proposed his trichromatic theory which was later refined by Hermann von Helmholtz. That theory was confirmed in the 1960s and will be described below.
The human eye contains three different types of color receptor cells, or cones. The first ("red") are most responsive to wavelengths around 565 nm, the second ("green") to those around 535 nm, and the third ("blue") to those around 445 nm. The sensitivity curves of the cones are roughly bell-shaped and overlap considerably. The incoming signal spectrum is thus reduced by the eye to three values, representing the intensity of the response of each of these types of color receptors.
Because of the overlap between the sensitivity ranges, not all combinations of stimuli are actually possible. For instance, it is not possible to only stimulate the "green" cone: at least one of the other cones will always be stimulated to some degree at the same time. The set of all combinations of stimuli that are possible make up the human color space.
One can picture this space as a region in three-dimensional Euclidean space if one identifies the X variable with the "red" stimulus, Y with "green" and Z with "blue". The origin (X,Y,Z) = (0,0,0) corresponds to black, and the point (X,Y,Z) = (1,1,1), i.e. full response of all three receptors, corresponds to white. The human color space is a region with these two points as corners, somewhat shaped like a pointy ellipsoid. The greys are located along a straight line connecting the two corners. The most saturated colors are located at the outer rim of the region, with brighter colors farther removed from the origin.
It has been estimated that humans can distinguish roughly 10 million different colors, although the identification of a specific color is highly subjective, since even the eyes of a single individual perceive colors slightly differently. If one or more types of a person's color-sensing cones isn't responding correctly to incoming light, that person has a smaller color space and is said to be color blind. Other animals may have more than three different color receptors (some birds and reptiles) or fewer (most mammals). There is an interesting phenomenon which occurs when an artist uses a limited color palette: the eye tends to compensate by seeing any grey or neutral color as the color which is missing from the color wheel. E.g.: in a limited palette consisting of red, yellow, black, and white, a mixture of yellow and black will appear as a variety of green, a mixture of red and black will appear as a variety of purple, and pure grey will appear bluish.
Different cultures have different terms for colours, and may also assign some colour names to slightly different parts of the spectrum, or have a different colour ontology: for instance, the Japanese colour aoi can be interpreted as meaning something between the Western colour terms of "blue" and "green": green is regarded as a shade of aoi.
Reproduction of color
Two different light spectra which have the same effect on the three color receptors will be perceived as the same color. This is exemplified by the color cyan: cyan is a pure spectral color whose wavelength is located just between the responsitivity peaks of the "green" and "blue" cones. A cyan color experience can thus also be generated by an equal mixture of those two peak wavelengths, as long as these don't stimulate the red receptor. The human eye (as opposed to the bird's eye or the spectroscopist) then won't be able to tell the difference between pure spectral cyan and green-blue mixed cyan.
In the same way, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. This is used to reproduce color scenes in photogaphy, printing, television, and other media.
Transmissive media
Media that transmit light (such as television) use additive color mixing with primary colors of red, green, and blue which are close to the wavelengths that generate peak responses of the eye's color receptors. This is called "RGB" color space. Mixtures of light of these primary colors cover a large part of the human color space and thus produce a large part of human color experiences. This is why color television sets or color computer monitors need only produce mixtures of red, green and blue light.
Other primary colors could in principle be used, but with red, green and blue the largest portion of the human color space can be captured. Unfortunately there is no exact consensus as to what frequency the red, green, and blue lights should be, so the same RGB values can give rise to slightly different colors on different screens.
Note that the color experience of a given light mixture may vary with absolute luminosity, due to the fact that both rods and cones are active at once in the eye, with each having different color curves, and rods taking over gradually from cones as the brightness of the scene is reduced. This effect leads to a change in color rendition with absolute illumination levels that can be summarised in the "Kruithof curve".
Reflective media
When producing a color print or painting a surface, the applied paint changes the surface; if the surface is then illuminated with white light (which consists of equal intensities of all visible wavelengths), the reflected light will have a spectrum corresponding to the desired color.
It is possible to achieve a large range of colors seen by humans by combining cyan, magenta, and yellow transparent dyes/inks on a white substrate. These are the subtractive primary colors. Often a fourth black is added to improve reproduction of some dark colors. This is called "CMY" or "CMYK" color space.
The cyan ink will reflect all but the red light, the yellow ink will reflect all but the blue light and the magenta ink will reflect all but the green light. This is because cyan light is an equal mixture of green and blue, yellow is an equal mixture of red and green, and magenta light is an equal mixture of red and blue.
HSV color space
The RGB and CMYK color spaces are most useful for technical reproduction of color scenes. A color space that more closely models the human experience is the HSV color space which arranges colors in a three-dimensional cone, somewhat similar to the human color space discussed above. The tip of the cone corresponds to black. If the pure spectral colors are extended by mixtures of red and blue, they can be arranged in a circle or "color wheel" (which was already known to Newton), the mouth of the cone. The position of a color on this circle is its hue. In the HSV space, every color is specified by its hue, saturation (distance from the circle's center) and value (luminosity).
The HSV color space was already used by 19th century physiologist Ewald Hering.
Color constancy
The trichromatric theory discussed above is strictly true only if the whole scene seen by the eye is of one and the same color, which of course is unrealistic. In reality, the brain compares the various colors in a scene, in order to eliminate the effects of the illumination. If a scene is illuminated with one light, and then with another, its colors will nevertheless appear constant to us. This was discovered by Edwin Land in the 1970s and lead to his retinex theory of color constancy.
Structural color
Structural colour is a property of some surfaces that are scored with fine parallel lines or formed of many thin parallel layers to make a diffraction grating. The grating absorbs some wavelengths more than others, causing white light to be reflected as colored light. Variations in the pattern's spacing often give rise to an iridescent effect, as seen in peacock feathers, films of oil, and mother of pearl.
Associations
Different colors are often associated with different emotional states, values or groups. These associations can vary among cultures and will be explained on the pages describing the individual colors.
see also: National colours
See also
- Metamerism
- Color temperature
- Political parties and colors
References
- The International Commission on Illumination defines colors and color spaces.
- Kruithof curve citation
- Article by technical lighting manufacturer on rod/cone vision, with cites to literature
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Color."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Christian demonology has assigned colours to Satan: red and black.According to this, the diabolical pact had to be written with blood (human or animal) or red ink, and it was believed that books on black magic were written with a red ink which colour was so intense that blinded any person that was not familiar to that art.
Satan and other demons were often depicted as black men, and/or riding a black horse, and dressed in black or red. It was said that black animals were sacrificed to them. When demons appeared in the shape of animals, generally they were black.
Nonetheless, sometimes demons were depicted riding pale horses, perhaps due to a folkloric tradition that associated the pale horse with the Dead (as a character). Despite all this, some demons were depicted riding other animals and dressed in different ways.
The association with red and black possibly derives from the idea of the red fire of Hell, a place of darkness. The association with red might be due to an exegesis of the Book of Revelation 12:3-9, referring to a red dragon compared with Satan. Black, the colour of darkness, might also be due to many allusions to Hell in Matthew's Gospel.
Many representations of the Devil depict him with red skin.
Nicholas Remy cited that Pythagoras mentioned black as the colour of evil, and thus the animals or other things sacrificed or offered to the Devil had to be black.
See also Nature of Hell.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Demons and colours."
Synonym: ColoursSynonym: colors (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Lyrics | And if I ever lose my eyes, if my colours all run dry, (Moonshadow; performing artist: Cat Stevens) We'll sail the water of many colours (Runaway; performing artist: Janet Jackson) Your face, the colours change from green to yellow (... On The Radio (Remember The Days); performing artist: Nelly Furtado) Removes the colours (Nights In White Satin; performing artist: The Moody Blues) Let's see colours that have never been seen (Electrical Storm; performing artist: U2) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Marching the Colours (1952) False Colours (1927) Rigor Mortis - The Final Colours (2003) Football's True Colours (2003) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Perimeter Charts, Showing the Fields Both For White and For Colours, in Cases of Central Amblyopia and Lead Poisoning. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | The Secretary of War presenting a stand of colours to the 1st Regiment of Republican bloodhounds. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Wallpaper design number forty one, by Messrs. Virchaux & Co. Ground. Star closely set, printed in gray and white, on a lighter gray ground enclosed on each side with a garland of jessamine leaves ascending of the same colours, with a bar on one side asce. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | The storming of Chapu[ltepec] Sept. 13th [1847] / drawn on stone, printed in colours ... by Sarony & Major ; [from a painting by Walker in the poss]esion of Capt. Roberts, U.S.A. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | All our colours to the mast / Reyn Dirksen. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Sir for the great valour shown by your Corps at the late fire at the soap boilers, I present you with these colours. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Autumn Colours" by Ian Myatt Commentary: "A hedgerow in autumn." | "Colours" by Mirko Commentary: "Clothes peg." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | He it was who took the colours from the Lunenburg battalion |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Perhaps a wild rose might be like those colours and he remembered the song about the wild rose blossoms on the little green place |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Colours" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 99.32% of the time. "Colours" is used about 4,278 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 99.32% | 4,249 | 2,311 |
| Lexical Verb (-s form) | 0.68% | 29 | 64,444 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,278 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Netherlands | Holland Colours NV |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "colours": a perfect match of colours ♦ additive complementary colours ♦ colors or colours ♦ colours to match ♦ come off with flying colours ♦ contrasting colours ♦ describe smth. in glowing colours ♦ desert the colours ♦ diversity of colours ♦ flying colours ♦ in glowing colours ♦ join the colours ♦ nail one's colours to the mast ♦ Newton's colours ♦ oil colours ♦ painter colours ♦ painting in water colours ♦ play of colours ♦ prismatic colours ♦ racing colours ♦ range of colours ♦ riot of colours ♦ shade away colours ♦ shade off colours ♦ show many colours ♦ show one's true colours ♦ show the colours ♦ stick to one's colours ♦ to troop the colours ♦ tube colours ♦ water colours ♦ with the colours. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "colours": colours-the. | |
Ending with "colours": tone-colours, water-colours. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "colours"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | shirit (band, bandage, bar, braid, cleat, colors, edging, fillet, ribbon, sash, scarf, strap, stria, stripe, Taenia, tape, tapeworm). (various references) | |
Arabic | ظهره على حقيقته (show one's true colors, show one's true colours). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | цветни платове (colors). (various references) | |
Chinese | 颜色 (Color, colors, colour, hue). (various references) | |
Czech | reprezentaèní dres (colors), barvy (colors, colour-box). (various references) | |
Danish | spændingen i billedrøret holdes konstant for at opretholde fokuseringen af de tre elektronkanoner svarende til de tre farver (the voltage at the cathode ray tube terminals is maintained constant in order to keep the three guns for the three colours in focus), Newton's ringe (chromatic aberration, color aberration, colour aberration, Newton aberration, Newtonian aberration, Newton's colours), Newton's farvekreds (Newton's colours), komplementære farvestimuli (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), azofarvestoffer (azoic colours). (various references) | |
Dutch | complementaire kleuren (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), tweekleurig (bicolour, bicoloured, of two colours), teerverfstoffen (coal-tar colours, coal-tar dyes), schijf van Newton (Newton's colours, Newton's disc), de spanning op de elektronenstraalbuis wordt constant gehouden, zodat de drie elektronenkanonnen voor de drie primaire kleuren gefocusseerd blijven (the voltage at the cathode ray tube terminals is maintained constant in order to keep the three guns for the three colours in focus), azokleurstoffen (azoic colours). (various references) | |
Esperanto | dukolora (bicolour, bicoloured, of two colours). (various references) | |
Finnish | lippu (ballot paper, banner, bill, flag, note, slip, standard, ticket). (various references) | |
French | couleurs d'une écurie (racing colours), couleurs de Newton (Newton's colours), couleurs complémentaires (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), colorants dérivés des goudrons (coal-tar colours, coal-tar dyes), colorants azoïques (azoic colours), montrer la vérité (show one's true colours), la tension aux bornes du tube cathodique est maintenue constante de manière à obtenir la focalisation des trois canons correspondant aux trois couleurs (the voltage at the cathode ray tube terminals is maintained constant in order to keep the three guns for the three colours in focus). (various references) | |
German | flagge (banner, colors, ensign, flag, flagstone, standard), Farben (colors, colorsUS, coloursBrit, silks), fahne (banner, barb, colors, ensign, flag, standard, tail), abzeichen (badge, character, colors, decoration, emblem, Favor, favour, insignia, mark, pin, sign). (various references) | |
Greek | συμπληρωματικά χρώματα (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), ξεγυμνώνω (lay bare, rip off, rob, show one's true colours, strip naked, strip off, undress), νερομπογιέσ (water colors, water colours), Η τάση στους ακροδέκτες της λυχνίας καθοδικών ακτίνων διατηρείται στα-θερή για να επιτευχθεί έτσι η εστίαση των τριών εκτοξευτών των τριών (the voltage at the cathode ray tube terminals is maintained constant in order to keep the three guns for the three colours in focus). (various references) | |
Hungarian | zászlós díszszemlét tart (to troop the colours), színeket egymás után nyomtat (to lay on colours), festéket felhord (to lay on colours), felcsap katonának (join up, to enlist, to join the colours), egymást ütő színek (clashing colours, colours that jar), össze nem illő színek (clashing colours). (various references) | |
Italian | colori complementari (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), coloranti azoici (azoic colours), coloranti al catrame (coal-tar colours, coal-tar dyes), la tensione applicata al tubo a raggi catodici è mantenuta costante in modo da ottenere la focalizzazione dei tre cannoni elettronici corrispondenti ai tre colori (the voltage at the cathode ray tube terminals is maintained constant in order to keep the three guns for the three colours in focus), anelli di Newton (Newton's colours). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 軍旗 (battle flag, ensign). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ぐんき (battle flag, ensign, implements of war, military discipline, military regulations, military secret, war chronicle). (various references) | |
Korean | 군기 (Color, colors, colour). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | olourscay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | partido (broken, colors, entourage, match, part, party, side), insígnia militar (colors, eagle). (various references) | |
Romanian | pavilion (Arbor, arbour, flag, kiosk, pavilion), drapel (banner, color, colour, ensign, flag, standard). (various references) | |
Russian | расцветка. (various references) | |
Scottish | triuchan (a stripe of distinguishing colours in tartan, stripe of colour in tartan). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zastava (banner, colors, flag, standard). (various references) | |
Spanish | bandera (banner, colors, ensign, flag, marker, standard). (various references) | |
Swedish | flagga (banner, colors, ensign, flag, fly flags, pennant), fana (banner, colors, ensign, flag, standard). (various references) | |
Turkish | yağlıboya (oil, oil color, oil paint, oils, tube colors, tube colours), renk cümbüşü (riot of colors, riot of colours), prizmatik renkler (prismatic colors, prismatic colours), kontrast renkler (contrasting colors, contrasting colours), göklere çıkararak (in glowing colours), firar etmek (desert the colors, desert the colours, escape, fly, run away, run off, take flight), askerden kaçmak (desert the colors, desert the colours), övgü ile (in glowing colours). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | спортивна форма (colors), значок (badge, colors, ensign, ideogram, ideograph), емблема (badge, blazon, cognizance, colors, emblem), прапор (ancient, banner, colors, ensign, flag, gonfalon, standard). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 31, Verse 10 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai egeneto hnika enekisswn ta probata kai eidon toiV ofqalmoiV auta en tw upnw kai idou oi tragoi kai oi krioi anabainonteV hsan epi ta probata kai taV aigaV dialeukoi kai poikiloi kai spodoeideiV rantoi |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Postquam enim conceptus ovium tempus advenerat levavi oculos meos et vidi in somnis ascendentes mares super feminas varios et maculosos et diversorum colorum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Forsothe bifore that the tyme of conseyuyng of sheep com, Y heuede vp myn eyen, and sawy in sleep the malis steiyng up vpon femalis, varye, and spotti, and of dyuers colours. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | For in buckynge tyme I lifted vp myne eyes and sawe in a dreame: and beholde the rammes that bucked the shepe were straked spotted and partie. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And it came to pass at the time that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up mine eyes, and saw in a dream, and, behold, the rams which leaped upon the cattle were ring-streaked, speckled, and grizzled. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And it came to pass at the time that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up my eyes, and saw in a dream, and behold, the rams which leaped upon the cattle were ring-streaked, speckled, and grizzled. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And at the time when the flock were with young, I saw in a dream that all the he-goats which were joined with the she-goats were banded and marked and coloured. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 31, Verse 10 |
| Cebuano | Ug nahatabo, sa panahon nga ang mga carnero nanagpanamkon giyahat ko ang akong mga mata, ug nakita ko sa usa ka damgo, ug, ania karon, ang mga lake nga nanagtabon sa mga baye, sila mga kinudlisan, mga kabang, ug mga kabangkabang. |
| Croatian | Jednom, kad se stado oploðivalo, nenadano vidjeh u snu da su jarci u stadu, dok su se parili, bili prugasti, mjestimièno bijeli i šareni. |
| Danish | Og ved den Tid Dyrene parrede sig, så jeg i Drømme, at Bukkene, der sprang, var stribede, spættede og brogede |
| Dutch | En het geschiedde ten tijde, als de kudde hittig werd, dat ik mijn ogen ophief, en ik zag in den droom; en ziet, de bokken, die de kudden beklommen, waren gesprenkeld, gespikkeld, en hagelvlakkig. |
| Finnish | Mutta lauman pariutumisen aikana minä nostin silmäni ja näin unessa, että vuohipukit, jotka astuivat laumaa, olivat juovikkaita, pilkullisia ja kirjavia. |
| German | Denn wenn die Zeit des Laufs kam, hob ich meine Augen auf und sah im Traum, und siehe, die Böcke, die auf die Herde sprangen, waren sprenklig, gefleckt und bunt. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Dan pada musim kawin binatang-binatang itu, saya bermimpi melihat semua kambing jantan yang sedang kawin, loreng, berbintik-bintik dan belang. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Karena pada sekali peristiwa tatkala berbekaklah kawan binatang itu, maka kuangkat mata, lalu kulihat dalam mimpiku, bahwa sesungguhnya segala kambing jantan yang menjantani kambing betina itu ada bercorak dan berbelang dan berintik-rintik. |
| Italian | Una volta, quando il piccolo bestiame va in calore, io in sogno alzai gli occhi e vidi che i capri in procinto di montare le bestie erano striati, punteggiati e chiazzati. |
| Maori | Na, i te wa i whakahaputia ai te kahui, ka maranga ake oku kanohi, a ka kite moemoea ahau, ko nga toa i ekengia ai nga kahui, he whakahekeheke, he mea whai tongitongi, he mea kotingotingo. |
| Norwegian | Og ved den tid småfeet parret sig, så jeg frem for mig i drømme og fikk se at bukkene som parret sig med småfeet, var stripete, flekkete og prikkete. |
| Portuguese | Pois sucedeu que, ao tempo em que o rebanho concebia, levantei os olhos e num sonho vi que os bodes que cobriam o rebanho eram listrados, salpicados e malhados. |
| Rumanian | Pe vremea cknd se knferbkntau oile, eu am ridicat ochii, wi am vqzut kn vis cq yapii wi berbecii cari sqreau pe capre wi pe oi, erau bqlyayi, pestriyi wi seini. |
| Russian | пДОБЦДЩ Ч ФБЛПЕ ЧТЕНС, ЛПЗДБ УЛПФ ЪБЮЙОБЕФ, С ЧЪЗМСОХМ Й ХЧЙДЕМ ЧП УОЕ, Й ЧПФ ЛПЪМЩ, РПДОСЧЫЙЕУС ОБ УЛПФ, РЕУФТЩЕ У ЛТБРЙОБНЙ Й РСФОБНЙ. |
| Swedish | Ty när parningstiden kom, lyfte jag upp mina ögon och fick se i drömmen att hannarna som betäckte småboskapen voro strimmiga, spräckliga och fläckiga. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "colours": bicolours, decolours. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-l-o-o-r-s-u" | |
-1 letter: clours, colors, colour. | |
-2 letters: clour, color, cools, curls, locos, locus, lours, scour. | |
-3 letters: cols, cool, coos, cors, crus, curl, curs, loco, loos, lour, orcs, ours, rocs, slur, solo, soul, sour. | |
-4 letters: col, coo, cor, cos, cur, loo, orc, ors, our, roc, sol, sou. | |
-5 letters: lo, or, os, so, us. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-l-o-o-r-s-u" | |
+1 letter: chlorous, couloirs. | |
+2 letters: bicolours, clamorous, clubrooms, clubroots, colostrum, colourers, consultor, counselor, decolours, proconsul, supercool. | |
+3 letters: canorously, clangorous, colostrums, compulsory, conclusory, consultors, cotylosaur, councilors, counsellor, counselors, decorously, locutories, lunchrooms, monoculars, osculatory, overclouds, proconsuls, scrofulous, supercools, undercools. | |
+4 letters: arenicolous, atrociously, bloodsucker, clamorously, cockalorums, coloraturas, colporteurs, congruously, cotylosaurs, coulometers, councillors, counsellors, courteously, dicoumarols, ferociously, fluoroscope, fluoroscopy, foreclosure, inoculators, multicolors, proconsular, prolocutors, rancorously, supercooled, superschool, terricolous, voraciously. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Names: Company Usage 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Bible Trace 15. Derivations 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
