Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Colors |
ColorsNoun1. A flag that shows its nationality. 2. A distinguishing emblem; "his tie proclaimed his school colors". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "colors" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mining | A. The specks of gold seen after the successful operation of a gold pan, when finely crushed ore has been panned to remove the bulk of light minerals. The residual heavy fraction is then scanned for visual evidence of gold by the prospector b. In optical mineralogy, the colors of doubly refracting substances as seen in doubly polarized light (crossed polars).See also:birefringence. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Color (American English) or colour (British English) is the sensation caused by light as it interacts with the eye, brain, and our experience. The perception of colour is also greatly influenced by nearby colours in the visual scene. The term color is also used for the property of objects that gives rise to these sensations.
- Other meanings: Color (disambiguation).
color wavelength interval frequency interval red ~ 625-740 nm ~ 480-405 THz orange ~ 590-625 nm ~ 510-480 THz yellow ~ 565-590 nm ~ 530-510 THz green ~ 520-565 nm ~ 580-530 THz cyan ~ 500-520 nm ~ 600-580 THz blue ~ 450-500 nm ~ 670-600 THz indigo ~ 430-450 nm ~ 700-670 THz violet ~ 380-430 nm ~ 790-700 THz (The frequencies are approximations and given in terahertz (THz). The wavelengths, valid in vacuum, are given in nanometers (nm). A list of other objects of similar size is available. )
The table above should not be interpreted as a definite list--the pure spectral colors form a continuous spectrum, and how it is divided into distinct colors is a matter of taste and culture. Similarly, the intensity of a spectral color may alter its perception considerably; for example, a low-intensity orange-yellow is brown, and a low-intensity yellow-green is olive-green.
Most colors are not pure spectral; these are created from mixtures of various wavelengths and intensities of light. Examples of non-spectral colors are the achromatic colors (black, gray and white), pastel (desaturated) colors such as pink or tan, and magenta.
Color Vision
Although Aristotle and other ancient scientists speculated on the nature of light and color vision, it was not until Newton that light was correctly identified as the source of the color sensation. Goethe studied the theory of colors, and in 1801 Thomas Young proposed his trichromatic theory which was later refined by Hermann von Helmholtz. That theory was confirmed in the 1960s and will be described below.
The human eye contains three different types of color receptor cells, or cones. The first ("red") are most responsive to wavelengths around 565 nm, the second ("green") to those around 535 nm, and the third ("blue") to those around 445 nm. The sensitivity curves of the cones are roughly bell-shaped and overlap considerably. The incoming signal spectrum is thus reduced by the eye to three values, representing the intensity of the response of each of these types of color receptors.
Because of the overlap between the sensitivity ranges, not all combinations of stimuli are actually possible. For instance, it is not possible to only stimulate the "green" cone: at least one of the other cones will always be stimulated to some degree at the same time. The set of all combinations of stimuli that are possible make up the human color space.
One can picture this space as a region in three-dimensional Euclidean space if one identifies the X variable with the "red" stimulus, Y with "green" and Z with "blue". The origin (X,Y,Z) = (0,0,0) corresponds to black, and the point (X,Y,Z) = (1,1,1), i.e. full response of all three receptors, corresponds to white. The human color space is a region with these two points as corners, somewhat shaped like a pointy ellipsoid. The greys are located along a straight line connecting the two corners. The most saturated colors are located at the outer rim of the region, with brighter colors farther removed from the origin.
It has been estimated that humans can distinguish roughly 10 million different colors, although the identification of a specific color is highly subjective, since even the eyes of a single individual perceive colors slightly differently. If one or more types of a person's color-sensing cones isn't responding correctly to incoming light, that person has a smaller color space and is said to be color blind. Other animals may have more than three different color receptors (some birds and reptiles) or fewer (most mammals). There is an interesting phenomenon which occurs when an artist uses a limited color palette: the eye tends to compensate by seeing any grey or neutral color as the color which is missing from the color wheel. E.g.: in a limited palette consisting of red, yellow, black, and white, a mixture of yellow and black will appear as a variety of green, a mixture of red and black will appear as a variety of purple, and pure grey will appear bluish.
Different cultures have different terms for colours, and may also assign some colour names to slightly different parts of the spectrum, or have a different colour ontology: for instance, the Japanese colour aoi can be interpreted as meaning something between the Western colour terms of "blue" and "green": green is regarded as a shade of aoi.
Reproduction of color
Two different light spectra which have the same effect on the three color receptors will be perceived as the same color. This is exemplified by the color cyan: cyan is a pure spectral color whose wavelength is located just between the responsitivity peaks of the "green" and "blue" cones. A cyan color experience can thus also be generated by an equal mixture of those two peak wavelengths, as long as these don't stimulate the red receptor. The human eye (as opposed to the bird's eye or the spectroscopist) then won't be able to tell the difference between pure spectral cyan and green-blue mixed cyan.
In the same way, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. This is used to reproduce color scenes in photogaphy, printing, television, and other media.
Transmissive media
Media that transmit light (such as television) use additive color mixing with primary colors of red, green, and blue which are close to the wavelengths that generate peak responses of the eye's color receptors. This is called "RGB" color space. Mixtures of light of these primary colors cover a large part of the human color space and thus produce a large part of human color experiences. This is why color television sets or color computer monitors need only produce mixtures of red, green and blue light.
Other primary colors could in principle be used, but with red, green and blue the largest portion of the human color space can be captured. Unfortunately there is no exact consensus as to what frequency the red, green, and blue lights should be, so the same RGB values can give rise to slightly different colors on different screens.
Note that the color experience of a given light mixture may vary with absolute luminosity, due to the fact that both rods and cones are active at once in the eye, with each having different color curves, and rods taking over gradually from cones as the brightness of the scene is reduced. This effect leads to a change in color rendition with absolute illumination levels that can be summarised in the "Kruithof curve".
Reflective media
When producing a color print or painting a surface, the applied paint changes the surface; if the surface is then illuminated with white light (which consists of equal intensities of all visible wavelengths), the reflected light will have a spectrum corresponding to the desired color.
It is possible to achieve a large range of colors seen by humans by combining cyan, magenta, and yellow transparent dyes/inks on a white substrate. These are the subtractive primary colors. Often a fourth black is added to improve reproduction of some dark colors. This is called "CMY" or "CMYK" color space.
The cyan ink will reflect all but the red light, the yellow ink will reflect all but the blue light and the magenta ink will reflect all but the green light. This is because cyan light is an equal mixture of green and blue, yellow is an equal mixture of red and green, and magenta light is an equal mixture of red and blue.
HSV color space
The RGB and CMYK color spaces are most useful for technical reproduction of color scenes. A color space that more closely models the human experience is the HSV color space which arranges colors in a three-dimensional cone, somewhat similar to the human color space discussed above. The tip of the cone corresponds to black. If the pure spectral colors are extended by mixtures of red and blue, they can be arranged in a circle or "color wheel" (which was already known to Newton), the mouth of the cone. The position of a color on this circle is its hue. In the HSV space, every color is specified by its hue, saturation (distance from the circle's center) and value (luminosity).
The HSV color space was already used by 19th century physiologist Ewald Hering.
Color constancy
The trichromatric theory discussed above is strictly true only if the whole scene seen by the eye is of one and the same color, which of course is unrealistic. In reality, the brain compares the various colors in a scene, in order to eliminate the effects of the illumination. If a scene is illuminated with one light, and then with another, its colors will nevertheless appear constant to us. This was discovered by Edwin Land in the 1970s and lead to his retinex theory of color constancy.
Structural color
Structural colour is a property of some surfaces that are scored with fine parallel lines or formed of many thin parallel layers to make a diffraction grating. The grating absorbs some wavelengths more than others, causing white light to be reflected as colored light. Variations in the pattern's spacing often give rise to an iridescent effect, as seen in peacock feathers, films of oil, and mother of pearl.
Associations
Different colors are often associated with different emotional states, values or groups. These associations can vary among cultures and will be explained on the pages describing the individual colors.
see also: National colours
See also
- Metamerism
- Color temperature
- Political parties and colors
References
- The International Commission on Illumination defines colors and color spaces.
- Kruithof curve citation
- Article by technical lighting manufacturer on rod/cone vision, with cites to literature
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Color."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The color of food is part of what makes it appetizing to the human mind. Color is an important property of food that adds to our enjoyment of eating. Nature teaches us to expect certain colors in our foods, and our acceptance of foods is dependent on their meeting these expectations.Coloring adds interest and appeal: Heinz's recent release of green ketchup is only the tip of the iceberg. While foods like Froot Loops are obviously artificially colored, few people know that oranges can be as well.
Color variation in foods throughout season and the effects of processing and storing often make color addition necessary to maintain the expected color. Some of the primary reasons include:
Food colorings are tested for safety by various bodies around the world. In the United States, FD&C (standing for the Federal Food, Drugs, & Cosmetics Act) are given to approved dyes, while in the European Union E numbers are used.
- Offsetting color loss due to light, air, extremes of temperature, moisture, and the storage conditions.
- Correction of natural variations in color.
- Enhancing naturally occurring colors.
- Providing identity to foods.
- Protecting flavors and vitamins.
Facts
- FD&C Yellow No. 5, also known as Tartrazine, is a coal-tar derivative, and causes hives in one of each ten thousand people exposed to it.
- FD&C Red No. 3 is linked to thyroid tumors in rats.
- American industry puts 3000 tons of food color into processed food per year.
- Chemically, there is no distinction between a compound synthesized within a plant and the same compound synthesized by a laboratory.
Natural food dyes
Caramel coloring is found in Coca-Cola and other cola products. It is made from caramelized sugar. Annatto is a reddish-orange dye made from the seed of a tropical tree. Chlorella is green, and derived from algae. Cochineal is a red dye derived from cochineal insects. Beet juice, turmeric, saffron and paprika are also used as colorants.
Health problems
Many of the artificial food colorings cause reactions in sensitive individuals ranging from hyperactivity to depression to asthma-like symptoms. Dr. Benjamin Feingold pioneered research in the field and founded an organization devoted to aiding sensitive individuals stay away from artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives.
Individuals who have asthmatic symptoms when exposed to Yellow Dye No. 5, also known as Tartrazine, can also be allergic to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and salicylic acid, and are cautioned to avoid them.
Some artists have used food colouring as a means of making pictures.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Food coloring."
Synonym: ColorsSynonym: colours (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Indication | Insignia; banner, banneret, bannerol; bandrol; flag, colors, streamer, standard, eagle, labarum, oriflamb, oriflamme; figurehead; ensign; pennon, pennant, pendant; burgee, blue Peter, jack, ancient, gonfalon, union jack; banderole, " old glory ", quarantine flag; vexillum; yellow-flag, yellow jack; tricolor, stars and stripes; bunting. |
Title | Decoration, laurel, palm, wreath, garland, bays, medal, ribbon, riband, blue ribbon, cordon, cross, crown, coronet, star, garter; feather, feather in one,s cap; epaulet, epaulette, colors, livery; order, arms, shield, scutcheon; reward. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Colors |
| English words defined with "colors": Accidental colors ♦ Cyanic colors ♦ Field colors, flying colors ♦ Indelible colors ♦ Play of colors, Primitive colors, Prismatic colors ♦ Steam colors ♦ To dip the colors ♦ Xanthic colors. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "colors": colors custodian ♦ temperature colors, twin colors. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "colors": Schiller. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You once said that God must be a painter because he gave us so many colors. (A Beautiful Mind; writing credit: Akiva Goldsman) So many colors of sound, so many changing moods, but you know, they don't ring all by themselves (The Hunchback of Notre Dame; writing credit: Victor Hugo; Irene Mecchi) When Congress voted to cut airport appropriations, you never even sent in a letter of protest. And where were you when the airlines and the pilots and the rest of us werewere pleading forfor more airports and better traffic control? You were picking out the colors in the ladies' lounge (Airport; writing credit: Arthur Hailey; George Seaton) Don't be discouraged, Son, I'm sure Einstein turned himself all sorts of colors before he invented the light bulb (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) Here's to the Army and Navy and the battles they have won; here's to America's colors, the colors that never run. (Big Trouble in Little China; writing credit: Gary Goldman; David Z. Weinstein) | |
Lyrics | But I see your true colors (True Colors; performing artist: Cyndi Lauper) Can you paint with all the colors of the wind (Colors of the wind; performing artist: Vanessa Williams) Slow motion riders fly the colors of the day (Saturday In The Park; performing artist: Chicago) All of the beautiful colors are very, very meaningful (Mr. Jones; performing artist: Counting Crows) Loving would be easy if your colors were like my dream (Karma Chameleon; performing artist: Culture Club) | |
Movie/TV Titles | False Colors (1943) Service with the Colors (1940) Crimson Colors (1927) Under False Colors (1917) True to Their Colors (1917) | |
Song Titles | Colors Of The Wind (performing artist: Vanessa Williams) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is a DNA molecule. Computer graphic images are made by utilizing data fed into a computer. This data may consist of chemical elements and weights to specific colors that depict these weights and measures. Credit: Dr. Richard Feldmann (photographer). |  | This large (7 by 11 mm) macular lesion displays an irregular, scalloped border, which is indistinct in some areas. In addition to hues of tan and brown, several pink areas (arrows) are present. The presence of pink colors in the macular portion of a melanocytic nevus is quite distinctive for dysplastic nevi. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |
 | "Six Spheres Pulsate Colors" (movie) by Joe Seale. Use DPGraph's Scrollbar to vary A, B, C, or D. Click on Edit inside DPGraph for more info. |  | The Hubble telescope reveals a rainbow of colors in this dying star, called IC 4406. Like many ... Credit: NASA. |
 | On the border between Chile and the Catamarca province of Argentina lies a vast field of currently dormant volcanoes. Over time, these volcanoes have laid down a crust of magma roughly 2 miles (3.2 km) thick. It is tinged with a patina of various colors that can indicate both the age and mineral content of the original lava flows. Credit: NASA. |  | A completed hydrographic signal Multiple colors for identification from offshore Signal for OCEANOGRAPHER operations. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Building a large hydrographic signal Multiple colors for identification from offshore Party off of OCEANOGRAPHER. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Fall colors grace St. Johns Pond, a tidal pond off of the St. Mary's River. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Early morning fog and autumn colors reflected in the Patuxent River at Wayson's Corner. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve A Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina, is a small phocid with a stubby, compact body and short limbs. Colors range from silver-gray to tan and all are spotted. They occur in almost all nearshore environments from Baja,California to the Bering Sea. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Smooth Colors" by Henrik Tibbing Commentary: "Smooth fading colors against bright background.. its a photo and not edited! ." | "Nice colors in the indian mark" by Yvan Lagarrigue Commentary: "Picture taken in a very nice market." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Charles Lamb | The beggar wears all colors fearing none. |
Francis Bacon | All colors will agree in the dark. |
Honore De Balzac | Vocations which we wanted to pursue, but didn't, bleed, like colors, on the whole of our existence. |
John Greenleaf Whittier | Beauty seen is never lost, God's colors all are fast. |
Leigh Hunt | Colors are the smiles of nature. |
Pierre Auguste Renoir | I've been forty years discovering that the queen of all colors is black. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | The hair of both sexes was of several colors, brown, red, black, and yellow |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Otherwise we shall be found sailing under false colors, and be inevitably cashiered at last by our own opinion, as well as that of mankind |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Colors that seem faded. (references) | |
The colors used with each zone come from the traffic light. (references) | ||
The tsetse fly is attracted to both bright and very dark colors. (references) | ||
Business | Most customers prefer traditional colors and patterns. (references) | |
For any season, dark conservative colors are the most popular. (references) | ||
Most female customers prefer traditional colors (white, black or beige) and patterns. (references) | ||
Economic History | Saudi Arabia | Bright colors such as red, blue, green and black dominate ads. (references) |
Japan | American manufacturers may find it necessary to modify their products for the Japanese market since U.S. textile products sometimes are of different patterns, colors, and sizes. (references) | |
Switzerland | Switzerland (mainly Geneva) is home to many international governmental and non-governmental organizations, including the International Committee of the Red Cross (whose flag is essentially the Swiss flag with colors reversed, the Red Cross historically being a Swiss organization). (references) | |
Human Rights | Jamaica | JLP murals and symbols on exterior walls were painted over with PNP slogans in red, one of the party's colors. (references) |
Trade | Egypt | There are some natural colors extracted from fruits and plants considered to be fit for human consumption and approved by the Egyptian authorities. (references) |
New Zealand | Paints and colors containing lead, electrical appliances and equipment, footwear, drugs, toilet preparations, and food products must also be specially labeled. (references) | |
Travel | Colombia | In Bogotá and the mountain region, dress is more formal and colors are darker than in tropical areas. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | We must remember that America cannot lead in the world unless here at home we weave the threads of our coat of many colors into the fabric of one America. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Colors" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Colors" is used about 24 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 100% | 24 | 71,196 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "colors": Accidental colors ♦ additive complementary colors ♦ colors flying ♦ colors or colours ♦ complementary colors ♦ contrasting colors ♦ Cyanic colors ♦ desert the colors ♦ diversity of colors ♦ earth colors ♦ Field colors ♦ flying colors ♦ Fundamental colors ♦ Grain colors ♦ haul down colors ♦ in its true colors ♦ Indelible colors ♦ lower colors ♦ national colors ♦ oil colors ♦ paint in water colors ♦ painter colors ♦ painting in water colors ♦ pass with flying colors ♦ play of colors ♦ primary colors ♦ primitive colors ♦ prismatic colors ♦ range of colors ♦ riot of colors ♦ sail under false colors ♦ shade away colors ♦ shade off colors ♦ show many colors ♦ show one's true colors ♦ show oneself in one's true colors ♦ show the colors ♦ stand of colors ♦ steam colors ♦ strike colors ♦ To come off with flying colors ♦ To dip the colors ♦ to troop the colors ♦ topical colors ♦ tube colors ♦ water colors ♦ with flying colors ♦ xanthic colors. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
colors | 3,246 | car colors | 151 |
paint colors | 1,875 | exterior paint colors | 149 |
freshlook colors | 796 | rose colors | 143 |
hair colors | 532 | colors horse | 139 |
united colors of benetton | 516 | colors mood ring | 130 |
html colors | 438 | granite colors | 117 |
wedding colors | 430 | exterior house colors | 114 |
fall colors | 386 | auto paint colors | 104 |
interior paint colors | 339 | colors kitchen | 101 |
colors of the rainbow | 281 | pantone colors | 100 |
primary colors | 276 | choosing paint colors | 97 |
colors meaning | 240 | colors lauren paint ralph | 96 |
house colors | 235 | birth stone colors | 95 |
true colors | 211 | feng shui colors | 94 |
vinyl siding colors | 206 | exterior house paint colors | 93 |
car paint colors | 201 | brick colors | 85 |
colors lyrics wind | 197 | hex colors | 83 |
behr colors paint | 175 | colors meaning rose | 82 |
house paint colors | 157 | web colors | 81 |
colors of the wind | 156 | pms colors | 79 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "colors"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | shirit (band, bandage, bar, braid, cleat, colours, edging, fillet, ribbon, sash, scarf, strap, stria, stripe, Taenia, tape, tapeworm). (various references) | |
Arabic | ظهره على حقيقته (show one's true colors, show one's true colours). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | цветни платове (colours). (various references) | |
Chinese | 颜色 (Color, colour, colours, hue). (various references) | |
Czech | reprezentaèní dres (colours), barvy (colour-box, colours). (various references) | |
Danish | normalfarvesæt (primary colors), komplementære farvestimuli (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours). (various references) | |
Dutch | complementaire kleuren (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), primaire kleuren (primary colors). (various references) | |
Finnish | perusvärit (primary colors), komplementtivärit (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours). (various references) | |
French | colore. (various references) | |
German | flagge (banner, colours, ensign, flag, flagstone, standard), Farben (colorsUS, colours, coloursBrit, silks), fahne (banner, barb, colours, ensign, flag, standard, tail), abzeichen (badge, character, colours, decoration, emblem, Favor, favour, insignia, mark, pin, sign). (various references) | |
Greek | συμπληρωματικά χρώματα (additive complementary colors, additive complementary colours), βασικά χρώματα (primary colors), νερομπογιέσ (water colors, water colours), νίκη (flying colors, vanquishment, victoriousness, victory, win), επιτυχία (flying colors, good job, hit, stardom, success, successfulness). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לגלות את אופיו האמתי (show one's true colors). (various references) | |
Hungarian | sikeresen (auspiciously, successfully, to see sg through, with flying colors, without fail), nemzeti színek (national colors), győztesen (victoriously, with flying colors). (various references) | |
Italian | colori. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 絵具 (paints), 絵の具 (paints). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | えのぐ (paints). (various references) | |
Korean | 군기 (Color, colour, colours). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | olorscay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | partido (broken, colours, entourage, match, part, party, side), insígnia militar (colours, eagle). (various references) | |
Romanian | vopsele de ulei (oil colors, oil colours), gamã de culori (palette, range of colors, range of colours), desfãşura pavilionul (show the colors, show the colours), degrada culori (shade away colors, shade away colours, shade off colors, shade off colours), acuarele (water colors, water colours), acuarelã (aquarelle, painting in water colors, painting in water colours, water color, water colour). (various references) | |
Russian | яркий цвет (bright colors), государственный флаг (national colors), основной цвет (primary colors), блеск (brilliance, brilliancy, coruscation, effulgence, flash, flying colors, glint, glitter, glitz, gloss, lambency, luster, lustre, radiance, radiancy, resplendence, resplendency, scintillation, sheen, sheens, shine, shininess, splendor, splendour), прочная краска (fast colors, fast colour), пестрота (diversity of colors, diversity of colours). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zastava (banner, colours, flag, standard). (various references) | |
Spanish | los colores, bandera (banner, colours, ensign, flag, marker, standard). (various references) | |
Swedish | flagga (banner, colours, ensign, flag, fly flags, pennant), fana (banner, colours, ensign, flag, standard), färger. (various references) | |
Turkish | sancak (banner, ensign, flag, Jack, oriflamme, sanjak, standard, starboard), bayrak (banner, ensign, flag, oriflamme, pennant, pennon, standard). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | спортивна форма (colours), значок (badge, colours, ensign, ideogram, ideograph), емблема (badge, blazon, cognizance, colours, emblem), прапор (ancient, banner, colours, ensign, flag, gonfalon, standard). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 37, Verse 3 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Iakwb de hgapa ton iwshf para pantaV touV uiouV autou oti uioV ghrouV hn autw epoihsen de autw citwna poikilon |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Israhel autem diligebat Ioseph super omnes filios suos eo quod in senectute genuisset eum fecitque ei tunicam polymitam |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | The which conseyuede, and bare a childe, and clepide the name of hym Her. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And Israel loued Ioseph more than all his childern because he begat hym in his olde age and he made him a coote of many coloures. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a coat of many colors. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a coat of many colors. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Now the love which Israel had for Joseph was greater than his love for all his other children, because he got him when he was an old man: and he had a long coat made for him. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 37, Verse 3 |
| Cebuano | Ug si Jose gihigugma ni Israel nga labaw sa tanan niya nga mga anak, kay siya gianak sa iyang pagkatigulang: ug iyang gibuhatan siya ug usa ka sinina nga sa nagakalainlaing bulok. |
| Croatian | Izrael je volio Josipa više nego ijednog svoga sina jer je bio dijete njegove staraèke dobi; i on mu napravi kiæenu haljinu. |
| Danish | Israel elskede Josef fremfor alle sine andre Sønner, fordi han var hans Alderdoms Søn, og han lod gøre en fodsid Kjortel med Ærmer til ham. |
| Dutch | En Israel had Jozef lief, boven al zijn zonen; want hij was hem een zoon des ouderdoms; en hij maakte hem een veelvervigen rok. |
| Finnish | Ja Israel rakasti Joosefia enemmän kuin kaikkia muita poikiansa, koska hän oli syntynyt hänelle hänen vanhalla iällänsä, ja hän teetti hänelle pitkäliepeisen, hihallisen ihokkaan. |
| French | Israël aimait Joseph plus que tous ses autres fils, parce qu`il l`avait eu dans sa vieillesse; et il lui fit une tunique de plusieurs couleurs. |
| German | Israel aber hatte Joseph lieber als alle seine Kinder, darum daß er ihn im Alter gezeugt hatte; und machte ihm einen bunten Rock. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Yakub lebih sayang kepada Yusuf dari semua anaknya yang lain, karena Yusuf dilahirkan ketika ayahnya sudah tua. Pada suatu hari dibuatnya untuk Yusuf sebuah jubah yang sangat bagus. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Adapun kasih Israel akan Yusuf itu terlebih dari pada kasihnya akan segala anak-anaknya, oleh karena ialah anaknya yang jadi pada masa tuanya, maka diperbuatkannya akan dia sehelai jubah yang berbagai-bagai warnanya. |
| Maori | Na i arohaina nuitia a Hohepa e Iharaira i ana tama katoa, no te mea ko te tama ia o tona koroheketanga: a ka hanga e ia tetahi koti purepure mona. |
| Norwegian | Men Israel hadde Josef kjær fremfor alle sine sønner, fordi han var hans alderdoms sønn; og han hadde latt gjøre en sid kjortel til ham. |
| Portuguese | Israel amava mais a José do que a todos os seus filhos, porque era filho da sua velhice; e fez-lhe uma túnica de várias cores. |
| Rumanian | Israel iubea pe Iosif mai mult deckt pe toyi ceilalyi fii ai sqi, pentrucq kl nqscuse la bqtrkneyq; wi i -a fqcut o hainq pestriyq. |
| Spanish | Israel amaba a José más que a todos sus otros hijos porque le había nacido en la vejez, y le hizo una túnica de diversos colores. |
| Swedish | Men Israel hade Josef kärare än alla sina andra söner, eftersom han hade fött honom på sin ålderdom; och han lät göra åt honom en fotsid livklädnad. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "colors": bicolors, decolors, discolors, miscolors, multicolors, noncolors, recolors, tricolors, watercolors. (additional references) | |
| |
"Colors" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: chlores, Chloros, cholos, clours, Coalcorp, cocorp, coelobs, coeloms, cohors, Colart, colloss, Colmris, colops, Colora, colores, colorism, colos, coloso, coloss, colous, Coolroe, coors, corols, ecolars, solor. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "colors" (pronounced ku"lerz) |
| 5 | k u" l er z | cullers, discolors. |
| 3 | -l er z | anglers, antlers, assemblers, controllers, coolers, councilors, counsellors, counselors, babblers, bachelors, bestsellers, binoculars, boilers, booksellers, bottlers, bowlers, broilers, bunglers, burglars, butlers, callers, caterpillars, cellars, chancellors, chroniclers, circulars, cobblers, collars, compilers, couplers, curlers, dealers, Distillers, dollars, drillers, dwellers, embezzlers, feelers, fellers, fiddlers, filers, fillers, gamblers, gillers, gobblers, guzzlers, handlers, haulers, healers, hecklers, hollers, hustlers, installers, irregulars, jailers, jewelers, jewellers, jugglers, killers, levelers, mailers, Millers, mufflers, Oilers, painkillers, panhandlers, parlors, particulars, peddlers, petrodollars, pillars, preschoolers, propellers, ramblers, recyclers, regulars, resellers, retailers, revelers, rollers, rulers, rustlers, sailors, samplers, schedulers, scholars, scribblers, sellers, settlers, shufflers, smugglers, spellers, spillers, spoilers, sprinklers, Staplers, storytellers, stragglers, strollers, swindlers, tailors, tellers, temblors, templars, thrillers, toddlers, trailers, travelers, travellers, trawlers, tumblers, warblers, watercolors, whalers, Wheelers, whistlers, wholesalers, willers, wranglers, wrestlers. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-l-o-o-r-s" | |
-1 letter: color, cools, locos. | |
-2 letters: cols, cool, coos, cors, loco, loos, orcs, rocs, solo. | |
-3 letters: col, coo, cor, cos, loo, orc, ors, roc, sol. | |
-4 letters: lo, or, os, so. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-l-o-o-r-s" | |
+1 letter: colours, coolers, creosol. | |
+2 letters: bicolors, brocolis, carpools, chlorous, colessor, coloreds, colorers, colorism, colorist, consoler, controls, corollas, coronals, coronels, cortisol, couloirs, creosols, criollos, decolors, discolor, locators, miscolor, oarlocks, orcinols, precools, recolors, reschool, rowlocks. | |
+3 letters: acropolis, acrosomal, bicolours, borecoles, broccolis, chloroses, chlorosis, clamorous, classroom, clubrooms, clubroots, coholders, colessors, coleworts, coliforms, collators, colorants, colorfast, colorings, colorisms, colorists, colorizes, colorless, colostral, colostrum, colourers, condolers, consolers, consultor, corporals, cortisols, counselor, decolours, discolors, foreclose, forelocks, miscolors, noncolors, overcools, preschool, proconsul, protocols, reschools, serologic, solicitor, supercool, tricolors. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Speeches | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Bible Trace 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
