Closing

Definition: Closing

Closing

Adjective

1. Final or ending; "the closing stages of the election"; "the closing weeks of the year"; "the closing scene of the film"; "closing remarks".

Noun

1. The act of closing something.

2. The last section of a communication; "in conclusion I want to say...".

3. Approaching a particular destination; a coming closer; a narrowing of a gap; "the ship's rapid rate of closing gave them little time to avoid a collision".

4. Termination of operations.

5. A concluding action.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "closing" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1120. (references)

Electrical Engineering

Finance

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Synonyms: Closing

Crosswords: Closing

Who knows what you have spoken to the darkness, alone, in the bitter watches of the night, when all your life seems to shrink, the walls of your bower closing in about you, a hutch to trammel some wild thing in (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; writing credit: Frances Walsh)

They're closing in on us, man. I don't even own tools (Caroline in the City; writing credit: Angela Carneiro)

No, I'm going tomorrow and catch the closing. (Stage Door; writing credit: Edna Ferber; George S. Kaufman)

A porters uniform outside a restaurant and six penny tips from belching civilians for closing cab doors on their blowzy women (The Man Who Would Be King; writing credit: Gladys Hill; John Huston)

Mr. President, a wall of unidentified craft is closing in on the fleet (Battlestar Galactica; writing credit: Glen A. Larson)

Like this world's closing in on me (When I See You Smile; performing artist: Bad English)

And they're closing all the factories down (Allentown; performing artist: Billy Joel)

With autumn closing in (Night Moves; performing artist: BOB SEGER; writing credit: Bob Seger)

When the shadows are closing in (Anytime You Need a Friend; performing artist: Mariah Carey)

They're out to get you, there's demons closing in on every side (Thriller; performing artist: Michael Jackson)

The Closing Door (1960)

Bloody Murder 2: Closing Camp (2003)

Closing Arguments (2001)

Closing Time (performing artist: Semisonic)

Merrie Melodies Closing Theme (performing artist: Warner Bros. Symphony Orchestra)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

References

• The World Market for Machines for Sorting or Folding Mail for Inserting in Envelopes, Opening or Closing Mail, and Affixing or Canceling Postage Stamps: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective (reference)

  (more reference examples)

Books

• Buying Your Own Business: Identifying Opportunities, Analyzing True Value, Negotiating the Best Terms, Closing the Deal (Expert Advice for Small Business) (reference)

• Closing With the Enemy: How Gis Fought the War in Europe, 1944-1945 (Modern War Studies) (reference)

• Ladies and Gentlemen of the Jury: Greatest Closing Arguments in Modern Law (reference)

• Zig Ziglar's Secrets of Closing the Sale (reference)

  (more book examples)

Periodicals

• Closing The Gap (reference)

• Closing The Gap Resource Directory (reference)

  (more periodical examples)

Theater & Movies

• Asking for the Order & Closing Sale (reference)

  (more DVD examples; more video examples)

Music

• Grand Opening and Closing (reference)

  (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

Consumer Goods

• Werner PK76-3 Black Molded Universal Auto Closing Pail Shelf (reference)

  (more baby examples; more wireless phone examples; more garden examples; more kitchen examples; more tool examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Closing the Falaise Gap Lieutenant Colonel Earle Deily of the 17th FAOB joins up with Canadian unit Front page of New York Times, August 1944. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Harvesting the herring after closing the purse on the Maine coast. Credit: Fisheries.

Tuna purse seiner is headed towards school of tuna to encircle with net. Workboat that helps hold net during deployment is still on starboard stern. Smaller vessel in water is used to make noise to scare tuna into staying within confines of net prior to ship and workboat deploying and closing the net. Credit: Fisheries.

Figure 7. E. von Petersen's photometer. Left: device before opening. Middle: device during exposure. Right: device after closing. This device was invented in 1886 by Eugen von Petersen, an engineer at the Naples zoological station. The design follows the specifications of Carl Chun. The first test of this ins trument was by Carl Chun off Capri in 250 meters water depth. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 12. E. B. Helland-Hansen's photometer. Left: device before opening. Middle: Device during exposure. Right: Device after closing. Invented by Bjorn Helland-Hansen in 1910, this photometer was used aboard the MICHAEL SARS in the North Atlantic. It was first used near the Azores at depths of 500 to 700 meters. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 64. N.I.O. bottle designed by Francis E. Pierce, Dennis I. Gaunt, and Richard Dobson at the National Institute of Oceanography at Grand-Bretagne. This utilized a valve for closing but also inverted. The mounting for the therm ometer toppled over by the action of a spring. This bottle was used by the DISC OVERY II in the Gulf of Gascogne at 4700 meters. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 68. BYB bottle. This type of bottle has a similar closing mechanism as the Van Dorn bottle. It was commercialized through the Nereides Society. Left: descending. Right: ascending. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 20. Dumaige thermometer constructed by Paul Dumaige who was a long-time collaborator with the Prince of Monaco. Duimage was known for having constructe d the closing mechanism for a plankton net used by Albert I. It is not known whether this instrument was a copy of an existing instruments or if it was made to improve certain shortcomings. Two of them were used in 1892 at 4808 meters. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 31. Aime messenger ca. 1843. The Frenchman Georges Aime was among the fir st to systematically employ the principle of a messenger in order to communicate with submerged instruments. The messenger was sent down the line and activated some form of opening or closing mechanism on the sampling instrument. Aime used only solid messengers which had to have the line or cable run through them. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Figure 37. Spring messengers with rotating closing mechanisms. In 1923, the Danish scientist Martin Knudsen described and tested this type of messenger. The goal was to find a form and weight of messenger that would rapidly descend a cable without becoming entangled. Subsequently messengers of this type were most frequently used on research ships throughout the world. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Each of the Members undertakes that it will, within the period of one year at most from the closing of the session of the Conference, or if it is impossible owing to exceptional circumstances to do so within the period of one year, then at the earliest practicable moment and in no case later than eighteen months from the closing of the session of the Conference, bring the recommendation or draft convention before the authority or authorities within whose competence the matter lies, for the enactment of legislation or other action. (reference)

Our difficulties and dangers will not be removed by closing our eyes to them. ("Iron Curtain" Speech)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

The evening is closing in, and grandmama will be looking for us.

Thus, the occupants of the old building reached the closing days of winter

He bowed and walked quietly out of the room, closing the doors carefully and slowly

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Health

At the junction of the esophagus and stomach, there is a ringlike valve closing the passage between the two organs. (references)

The surgery is about 90 percent effective in closing the hole. However, improvement in people's vision is more variable. (references)

Revision of the standards used for closing and re-opening of oyster beds to take into account the role of environmental factors. (references)

Business

The economic gap between Portugal and the rest of the European Union is closing. (references)

The Insurance Superintendent has been closing insolvent companies at a rate of about one per month. (references)

In 1998, the stabilization and storage market was basically flat due to the closing of 10 incinerators. (references)

Civil Liberties

Paraguay

The Constitution prohibits closing roads and bridges as a form of protest; however, protesters closed roads on several occasions. (references)

Uzbekistan

Officials claimed that the station did not meet technical requirements for re-licensing and that there was no political element to the closing. (references)

Turkey

In January the governor of the state of emergency region ordered the closing of a play which opened in Diyarbakir and included a song in Kurdish. (references)

Economic History

Czech Rep

The period between calling and closing tenders is 180 days for internationally-financed procurements. (references)

Afghanistan

Pakistan's closing its Afghan border in September 2001 presumably drastically curtailed this traffic. (references)

France

In the retail sector, traditionally independent shops have been closing to make room for franchise networks. (references)

Human Rights

Israel and the occupied territories

The prosecution must justify closing the proceedings to the public in such cases, and the Attorney General determines the venue. (references)

Cote d'Ivoire

On December 18, in his closing remarks at the conclusion of the Forum for National Reconciliation, President Gbagbo pledged to reopen the investigation into what has become known as the Yopougon massacre. (references)

Yugoslavia

Before closing out forensic operations at the end of 2000, the ICTY exhumed remains from 529 graves, uncovering for identification the remains of approximately 3,600 persons over a 2-year period; of these, 1,256 remained unidentified. (references)

Indigenous People

Indonesia

The consultation's closing statement called for the holding of a congress comprised of the entire Papuan community. (references)

Canada

In September nonaboriginal commercial herring fishermen protesting the closing of their own fisheries took their boats into an area where Burnt Church fishermen were engaged in a food fishery. (references)

New Zealand

Maori officials continued to express concern over the Government's announcement in November 2000 that it would shift its Closing the Gaps strategy to address socioeconomic disparities rather than race-based disparities. (references)

Political Economy

PERU

With the Brady closing and the Paris Club rescheduling, Peru is now current with nearly all its international creditors. (references)

Georgia

The Georgians are also concerned about getting the Russians to meet past due CFE Treaty deadlines for closing Russian bases in Georgia. (references)

Somalia

Intervention by Ethiopian troops in 1996 and 1997 helped to maintain order in Gedo region by closing down the training bases of the Islamic group Al'Ittihad Al-Islami (AIAI). (references)

Trade

Finland

Financial consolidation has been accomplished by reducing personnel, closing branch offices and introducing modern banking technology. (references)

Russia

The 1998 crisis severely impacted the major Russian banks, closing about 15 of the largest and leaving others in a weakened state and needing reorganization. (references)

Qatar

Prior to closing down the Arab Boycott of Israel Office in Doha in early 1995, the GOQ deleted unilaterally some giant foreign firms, including some U.S. corporations, from the blacklist. (references)

Travel

Qatar

The private sector usually works six days a week, closing only on Fridays. (references)

Korea

Korean Government offices keep similar hours, except for a 5:00 p.m. closing from November through February. (references)

Spain

A handshake is customary upon initiating and closing a business meeting, accompanied by an appropriate greeting. (references)

Women

Fiji

During the year, the garment industry saw the closing of several factories and the layoff of hundreds of seamstresses. (references)

Afghanistan

On August 6, 2000, the Taliban issued an order closing down the 25 widows' bakeries operated by the WFP, which provided food to the neediest citizens, including many war widows and other female-headed households. (references)

Worker Rights

Kuwait

Government efforts to crack down on visa trading; such as by closing front companies for visa traders, have not made significant progress. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Expressions using "closing": a wolf in sheep's closing ♦ bank closing ♦ closing account ♦ closing balance ♦ closing ceremony ♦ closing cover ♦ closing curtain ♦ closing date ♦ closing date for the subscription lists ♦ closing day ♦ closing entries ♦ closing of account ♦ closing of an account ♦ closing of the issue ♦ closing off ♦ closing price ♦ closing procedures ♦ closing provisions ♦ closing rate ♦ closing speech ♦ closing time ♦ Closing Volume ♦ plant closing ♦ real estate closing ♦ the closing date ♦ year end closing. Additional references.

Beginning with "closing": closing-down, closing-down sale, closing-off, closing-out, closing-time.

Ending with "closing": early-closing.

Albanian

përfundimtar (completive, concluding, conclusive, definitive, determinate, eventual, final, illative, net, peremptory, terminal), përfundim (afterpiece, closure, completion, conclusion, consequence, consummation, denouement, derivation, development, eduction, effect, end product, event, expiration, finality, finding, finish, fulfillment, fulfilment, harvest, issue, job, lapse, last, offshoot, offspring, outcome, output, perfecting, performance, result, resume, rider, total, train, upshot, windup), mbyllje (closure, committal, conclusion, confinement, enclosure, entombment, finality, furl, impoundment, imprisonment, inclosure, locking, obturation, occlusion, offishness, shutdown, windup), i mbylljes, i fundit (current, dernier, ending, final, hindmost, last, latter, parting, rearmost, recent, terminal, ultimate, utmost). (various references)

Arabic 

‏فض الاجتماع (conclusion), ‏إغلاق (closeness, closure, lock, shut down, shutout, shutting), ‏إاقفال. (various references)

Bulgarian 

край (about, abutment, border, by, close, conclusion, country, curtains, death, dissolution, edge, end, ending, extremity, fag end, finale, finality, finish, flange, hem, issuance, issue, land, last, limb, limit, list, margin, off, on, outskirts, over, parts, past, period, point, quietus, region, rim, stop, surcease, tail, term, terminal, termination, truce, ultima thule, verge, wind up), затваряне (immurement, imprisonment, incarceration, locking, occlusion, restraint), закриване (abolishment, adjournment, close, closure, rising), приключване (close, conclusion, determination, termination, wind up). (various references)

Chinese 

关闭 (Close, Closure, shut, shutting). (various references)

Czech

závìreèný (final, qualifying, recessional). (various references)

Danish

indkobling. (various references)

Dutch

inschakelen (switch, turn on), gesloten (closed, shut), afsluiting (barrier, dam, fence), afboeking (transfer, writing off). (various references)

Finnish

sulkeminen (closure), siirto (brought forward, carried forward, endorsement, move, removal, transfer, transplantation), poisto (depreciation). (various references)

French

collage (clearing), clôture (closure), régularisation d'écritures, fermeture (closeness, closure), fermant, enclenchement. (various references)

German

schließen (abstract, bolt, clause, close, close down, conclude, contract, derive, enter into, form, gather, induce, infer, lock, make, reason, shut, shut down, to clause, to close, to conclude (with), to shut, wind up), schluss (back, breakup, cadence, close, closure, conclusion, end, ending, finish, inference, rear, termination), schließend (closuring, locking, shutting). (various references)

Greek 

κλείσιμο,ζεύξη, κλείσιμο ηλεκτρονόμου, κλείσιμο (closure, cloture, shutdown). (various references)

Hebrew 

אטימה (caulking, obstruction, obturation, stoppage), החסמות (blocking), הגפה (shutting), הסגרה (extradition), הסגר (blockade, embargo, isolation), סתימה (blockage, obstruction, obturation, stop, stoppage, stopping), סתום (abstruse, blocked, closed, congested, corking, incomprehensible, obscure, stopped up, stopping, vague, vagueness), סכירה (damming), סגירה (closure, occlusion, shutting), סגר (bolt, closure, lock, occlusion, tongue of a lock), נעילה (bolting, closure, conclusion, lock on, locking, shutting). (various references)

Hungarian

záró (locking, terminal), zárás (locking, lockup). (various references)

Italian

chiusura (clam, clamp, closure, end, fastening, lock, shutdown, shutting, zip). (various references)

Japanese Kanji 

閉鎖 (closure, lockout, shutdown, unsociable), 閉まり (shutting), 締め切り (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance), 締切り (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance), 締切 (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance), 終期 (ending), お仕舞い (being done for, the end), 最終 (final, last), 御仕舞い (being done for, the end), 〆切り (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance), 〆切 (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance). (various references)

Japanese Katakana 

おしまい (being done for, the end), しまり (shutting), しめきり (Closed, cut-off, deadline, end, No Entrance), しゅうき (autumn, autumnair, bad smell, cycle, death anniversary, ending, fall, period, religious regulations, stink), さいしゅう (collecting, final, gathering, last), へいさ (closure, lockout, shutdown, unsociable). (various references)

Korean 

닫음 (shutting). (various references)

Manx

kione (bottom, chief, close, dyke, end, extreme, extremity, finish, head, headland, point, point of argument, poll, ringleader, termination, top, top of flower, top-end, tribune), jerrinagh (absolute, belated, concluding, conclusive, end, eventual, final, finalist, foregoing, hindmost, last, late, late of fruit, latter, rearmost, ultimate, utmost), jerrey (back, back of cart, bottom, close, closure, conclusion, effect, end, expiration, expiry, extreme, finale, finish, hinderpart, offal, stern, termination), jerree (backmost, concluding, hind, hindmost, posterior, stern, terminal), jeigh (close, close up, shut, shutting), doonee (of Sunday). (various references)

Pig Latin

osingclay.(various references)

Portuguese

convincente (cogent, conclusive, convincing, demonstrative, forceful, forcible, persuasive, potent, silver, straitlaced, stringent, tenable, two-fisted, valid, weighty), regularização da escrita (transfer, writing off), final (conclusive, end, ending, eventual, final, finale, finishing, full time, last, terminal, ultimate), fim (aim, close, drift, end, ending, expiration, expiry, finality, fine, finish, function, gaol, goal, jail, last, object, point, purpose, quietus, sake, stop, surcease, target, term, termination, terminus, tip, upshot, use, windup), fecho (closure, hasp, lock, locket, snap), estabelecimento (constitution, emporium, foundation, institute, premise, settlement), encerramento (closure, rising, shutdown), decisivo (conclusive, crucial, decisive, definitive, determinative, final, forthright, incisive, peremptory, striking, winning). (various references)

Romanian

ultim (back, bottom, bottommost, eventual, extreme, final, finishing, hindmost, last, late, lowest, rear, rearmost, rearward, recent, supreme, ultimate, utmost), închidere (close, closure, confinement, enclosure, shut down, stoppage). (various references)

Russian 

конец (consummation, curtains, decline, dissolution, end, ending, extremity, finish, heelpiece, latter end, quietus, tail end, termination, tip, wind up, windup), закрытие (closing final, closure, obstruction, obturation, occlusion, shutdown, stoppage), закрывать закрытие заключительный, заключение (amen, close, completion, conclusion, contraction, deduction, finale, finding, illation, imprisonment, incarceration, peroration, upshot), замыкание (bridging, locking), запирание (lock on, locking, lockup). (various references)

Scottish

casg (opposing, stopping), dùnadh. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian

završni (concluding, end up, ending, rear, recessional, terminal). (various references)

Spanish

cierre (choke, clasp, closure, cutoff, fastener, fastening, grapple, locking, shutdown, zip, zip fastener, zipper). (various references)

Swedish

tillslag (take, turn-on), stängning (closure, lockup, shutdown), stänger (close, closes), slut- (concluding, final, finishing, illative, terminal, total), sista (final, last, latest, the last), reglering av bokföringspost (transfer, writing off), nedskrivning till noll (transfer, writing off), nedläggning (shutdown), avslutnings-, överföring (transfer, transfusion, transmission, transmitting). (various references)

Turkish

kapatma (close down, closure, incarceration, kept woman, liquidation, sealing, shutting, shutting down, turning off), kapanma (cicatrization, closure, occlusion, shutdown), kapanış (recessional, shutdown), kapama (closure, covering, enclosure, heaviness, inclosure, internment, obstruction, obturation, sealing, shutoff, shutting, shutting down, stew, turning off). (various references)

Ukrainian

кінець (close, decline, end, extremity, finish, last, outcome, overthrow, terminal, truce), видсічка, змикання (closure), закінчення (close, completion, conclusion, ending, expiry, leaving, outgoing), закриття (close, closure, occlusion, shutdown, shutoff), замикання (fastening, lock up, locking), запирання, прилягання. (various references)

Vietnamese 

cuối cùng (aftermost, backmost, bottom, conclusive, eventually, finally, fine, finish, lastly, lattermost, rearmost, terminative, ultimate, ultimately), sự kết thúc (close, conclusion, ending, expiration, expiry, finale, finish, termination, wind-up), sự đóng, kết thúc (finishing). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Derivations

Words beginning with "closing": closings. (additional references)

Words ending with "closing": disclosing, enclosing, foreclosing, inclosing, unclosing. (additional references)

Misspellings

"Closing" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: caloing, chosing, Clasina, cloin, cloing, closein, closeing, closin, cloving, clusting, colesing, colting, cossing, Kolshin. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

-1 letter: clings, coigns, colins, cosign, incogs, logics, losing, nicols, soling.

-2 letters: cions, cling, clogs, clons, coign, coils, coins, colin, icons, incog, lingo, lings, linos, lions, logic, loins, longs, nicol, noils, scion, sling, sonic.

-3 letters: cigs, cion, clog, clon, cogs, coil, coin, cols, coni, cons, gins, icon, ions, ling, lino, lins, lion, loci, logs, loin.

+1 letter: clonings, closings, codlings, cowlings, lingcods, scolding, scowling, solacing.

+2 letters: closeting, closuring, clothings, colorings, comingles, consoling, couplings, enclosing, flockings, gasolinic, glyconics, inclosing, logicians, lysogenic, nosologic, nostalgic, rocklings, schooling, scoldings, scrolling, slouching, unclosing.

+3 letters: caliginous, callousing, clingstone, coalescing, collapsing, collegians, colonising, commingles, consulting, convulsing, corbelings, counseling, creolising, disclosing, escaloping, flouncings, focalising, localising, logicising, longicorns, nostalgics, oncologies, oncologist, opalescing, osculating, scalloping, schoolings, sclerosing, scolloping, scowlingly, shockingly, shylocking, solecising, solecizing, soliciting, splotching, subcooling, vocalising.