Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Closeness |
ClosenessNoun1. A feeling of being intimate and belonging together; "their closeness grew as the night wore on". 2. The spatial property resulting from a relatively small distance; "the sudden closeness of the dock sent him into action". 3. Extreme stinginess. 4. Characterized by a lack of openness esp about one's actions or purposes. 5. Close or warm friendship; "the absence of fences created a mysterious intimacy in which no one knew privacy". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "closeness" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1601. (references) |
Synonyms: ClosenessSynonyms: familiarity (n), intimacy (n), meanness (n), minginess (n), nearness (n), niggardliness (n), niggardness (n), parsimoniousness (n), parsimony (n), secretiveness (n), tightfistedness (n), tightness (n). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: farness (n), openness (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Concealment | Reticence; reserve; mental reserve, reservation; arriere pensee, suppression, evasion, white lie, misprision; silence; (taciturnity); suppression of truth; underhand dealing; closeness, secretiveness; Adjective: mystery. |
Junction | Closeness, tightness; Adjective: coherence; combination. |
Narrowness Thinness | Noun: narrowness; Adjective: closeness, exility; exiguity c. (little). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Closeness |
| English words defined with "closeness": Intentiveness, intimacy ♦ line engraving ♦ nearness ♦ To take acquaintance of, togetherness. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "closeness": Antibody Affinity ♦ BENCH HAND, braid maker, BRAID-PATTERN SETTER ♦ epsilon-independence ♦ petersham ribbon ♦ Social Distance ♦ Total Harmonic Distortion. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "closeness": Intentiveness. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Four years of closeness and sharing at the end of which she ripped your heart out, and that is why we don't do it (Friends; writing credit: Jörn O. Jensen; Birger Larsen) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Main promotional factors are low labor costs, closeness to the U.S. market, the benefits of the free trade agreements that Mexico has signed with 27 countries and the European Union, and the benefits of Nafta. (references) | |
These industries are rapidly becoming Baja California's main sources of jobs and revenues, and now represent one third of Mexico’s maquiladora plants (over 1,300) thanks to its closeness to the U.S. market and low labor cost. Baja California’s government has lead the way in the promotion of foreign investment. (references) | ||
Economic History | Australia | Recent Presidential visits to Australia (in 1991 and 1996) and Australian Prime Ministerial visits to the United States (in 1995, 1997, 1999) have underscored the strength and closeness of the alliance. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Mark Shields | Governor Ridge, nobody questions the closeness of your relationship, the trust and confidence between you and the president. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | While keeping our alliances and friendships around the world strong, ever strong, we will continue the new closeness with the Soviet Union, consistent both with our security and with progress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Closeness" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Closeness" is used about 331 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 331 | 15,783 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
closeness tara willow | 5 |
closeness | 4 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "closeness"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | vranësi, koprraci (avarice, cheese paring, meanness, miserliness, money-grubbing, parsimony, rapacity, stinginess), intimitet (familiarity, love making, privacy), afërsi (adjacency, contiguity, familiarity, imminence, impendence, locality, nearness, neighborship, neighbourship, propinquity, proximity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Arabic | قرب (approach, beside, bring closer, close to, near, nearness, next to, prefer, proximity, towards, vicinity), تحفظ (have reservations, hedge, limiting condition, precaution, proviso, qualify, reservation, reserve, restraint, reticence, self restraint), إغلاق (closing, closure, lock, shut down, shutout, shutting), دقة (accuracy, delicacy, exactitude, exactness, fidelity, fineness, finesse, fussiness, nicety, preciseness, precision, promptitude, punctuality, refinement, reliability, rigor, rigour, strictness, subtlety, sureness, tenuity, thoroughness, veracity). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | свидливост (parsimony), щателност (severity), гъстота (density, intensity, thickness), затвореност, задушност, близост (adjacency, alliance, appetence, appetency, approach, association, immediacy, impendence, nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, reach, vicinity). (various references) | |
Chinese | 严紧. (various references) | |
Czech | vyrovnanost (composure, equability, equanimity, evenness, serenity), přesnost (accuracy, exactitude, exactness, faithfulness, fidelity, minuteness, niceties, nicety, precision, punctuality, rightness, strictness), dùvìrnost (confidence, familiarity, intimacy, privacy), dùkladnost (depth, soundness, thoroughness), blízkost (nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Dutch | geslotenheid (tightness). (various references) | |
Finnish | tiiviys (compactness, denseness, density, tightness). (various references) | |
French | compacité, proximité, fidélité, fermeture (closing, closure). (various references) | |
German | vertrautheit (familiarity, familiarness, intimacy, intimateness), verschwiegenheit (discreetness, discretion, reticence, seclusion, secrecy, secretiveness), verbundenheit (attachment, connectively, solidarity), schwüle (heaviness, mugginess, oppressiveness, sensuousness, stickiness, sultriness), nähe (adjacencies, contiguousness, nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, sew, sewing, stitch, vicinage, vicinity), konsequenz (consequence, consistency, effect), knauserigkeit (meanness, stinginess), innigkeit (ardency, depth, intenseness, intensity, intimacy, sincerity, warmth), gespanntheit (curiosity, eagerness, strain, tautness, tenseness, tension), Geschlossenheit (cohesion, solidity, unity), familiarität (familiarity, informality), Dichtigkeit (denseness), dichte (compactness, densely, denseness, densities, density, romanced, thickness, tightness), ähnlichkeit (affinity, conformity, likeness, parallelism, resemblance, similarity, similitude). (various references) | |
Greek | στενότησ (insularism, insularity, narrowness, straitness), στενότητα (insularism, insularity, narrowness, straitness), πνιγηρότητα (stuffiness, sultriness), πυκνότητα (capacitor, consistence, consistency, density, thickness), εγγύτησ (imminence, nearness, propinquity, proximateness, proximity, vicinity), εγγύτητα (nearness, propinquity, proximateness, proximity, vicinity), ομοιότητα (likeness, resemblance, sameness, semblance, similarity, similitude). (various references) | |
Hebrew | קרבות (affinity, frienship, nearness, proximity, relationship), קרב" (affinity, community, familiarity, kinship, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, relation, vicinity). (various references) | |
Hungarian | közelség (imminence, nearness, propinquity, proximity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Indonesian | kedekatan (nearness, too close), kedampingan. (various references) | |
Italian | vicinit (adjacencies, proximity), vicinanza (adjacency, nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, outskirts, propinquity, proximity, vicinity), prossimit (nearness, neighbor, neighbour, proximity). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 緊密 (compactness, rigour, tightly knit). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | き"みつ (compactness, rigour, tightly knit). (various references) | |
Korean | 친밀 (Familiarities, Familiarity, Intimacies, INTIMACY). (various references) | |
Manx | sondid (avarice, close-fistedness, covetousness, selfishness, sordidness), peajeogys (close-fistedness, miserliness, narrowness, nearness, parsimony, tightness, tightness in money), gortaght (close-fistedness, frugality, injuriousness, rancidity, rankness, skimpiness, stinginess), glooid (compactness, congestion, density, jam, size), fastid (modesty, pensiveness, reserve, seriousness, taciturnity), faggysid (contiguity, handiness), cruinnid (circularity, roundness, strictness), breenid (oppressiveness, sultriness). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | osenessclay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | proximidade (imminence, impendence, nearness, neighborhood, neighborship, neighbourhood, neighbourship, proximity, vicinity), falta de ventilação, exatidão (accuracy, exactitude, exactness, faithfulness, literalism, nearness, nicety, particularity, precision, propriety, punctuality), aspecto pesado (oppressiveness). (various references) | |
Romanian | coerenţã (coherence, coherency), caracter compact (compactness, density), caracter închis, zgârcenie (avarice, cheese paring, costiveness, covetousness, miserabliness, parsimony, skimp, stinginess), vecinãtate (adjacency, limitation, nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, vicinity), precizie (accuracy, nicety, precision, sharpness), persoanã rezervatã, lipsã de aer, izolare (apartness, cloister, insulation, isolating, isolation, loneliness, offishness, privacy, retiredness, retirement, retiring, seclusion, secrecy), intimitate (familiarity, intimacy, intimity, privacy, secrets), atenţie (acuity, advertence, advertency, attention, be careful, care, careful, carefulness, caution, complaisance, consideration, deliberation, have a care, heed, here goes, homage, interest, look out, lookout, mindfulness, note, notice, observance, regard, remark, stand by, thought, vigilance, watch), apropiere (approach, approximation, coming, kindred, nearness, neighbor, neighborhood, neighbour, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Russian | скупость (cheese paring, miserliness, parsimony, penuriousness, scrimpiness, skimpiness, stinginess), спертость, близость (congeniality, consanguinity, dearness, impendence, nearness, neighborhood, neighbourhood, propinquity, proximity, togetherness, vicinity), плотность (consistence, consistency, density, massiveness, toughness), духота (fug, stuffiness, sultriness, swelter). (various references) | |
Scottish | dlùths (for dlùthais, nearness). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | bliskost (imminence, nearness, propinquity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Spanish | contigüidad (contiguity), cercania (adjacencies, proximity), cercanía (nearness, propinquity), proximidad (adjacency, approximation, nearness, proximity), intimidad (familiarity, informality, intimacy, intimity, nearness, privacy), estrechez (distress, misery, narrowness, strictness, tightness, trouble, want), aire pesado. (various references) | |
Swedish | täthet (compactness, density, sealing), närhet (nearness, propinquity, proximity, vicinity). (various references) | |
Turkish | cimrilik (costiveness, illiberality, manginess, meanness, miserliness, nearness, parsimony, penury, sordidness, stinginess), yakınlık (adjacency, affinity, approximation, connection, connexion, contiguity, familiarity, immediacy, imminence, intimacy, kinship, nearness, propinquity, proximity, relationship, terms), sıklık (compactness, density, frequency, thickness), kapalılık, havasızlık (stuffiness), gizlilik (confidentiality, darkness, furtiveness, hugger mugger, huggermugger, obscurity, privacy, secrecy, stealth, stealthiness), darlık (denseness, drought, exiguity, grayness, greyness, narrowness, pressure, shortness, straits, stringency, tightness). (various references) | |
Turkmen | golaяlyk. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | скупість (cheeseparing, covetousness, illiberality, meanness, miserliness, parsimony, tightness), самітність (desolation, loneliness, oneness, onliness, retirement, sequester, solitude), самота (confinement, privacy), щільність (consistence, density, massiveness, tightness, turbidity), відлюдність (offishness, privacy), наближеність, задушливість (stuffiness), близькість (appetency, contiguity, familiarity, nearness, neighborhood, neighborship, neighbourhood, neighbourship, nighness, propinquity, proximity), духота (fug, stuffiness). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | tính khít, tính kín đáo tính h tiện, tính bủn xỉn (churlishness, costiveness, miseriliness, parsimoniousness, parsimony, scrimpiness, skimpiness, stinginess), sự thân mật sự chật chội, sự gần gũi, sự bí hơi. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | propinquitas. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "closeness": closenesses. (additional references) | |
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"Closeness" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: closenesses, closness. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "closeness" (pronounced klō"snus) |
| 4 | -s n u s | callousness, carelessness, cautiousness, consciousness, contagiousness, contentiousness, disingenuousness, fractiousness, graciousness, helplessness, hoarseness, homelessness, hopelessness, joblessness, lawlessness, nervousness, niceness, outrageousness, pompousness, powerlessness, rebelliousness, recklessness, restlessness, righteousness, ruthlessness, selflessness, seriousness, unconsciousness, viciousness, weightlessness. |
| 3 | -n u s | abruptness, absoluteness, acuteness, aggressiveness, agribusiness, airworthiness, alertness, aloofness, alumnus, Anas, androgynous, anise, appropriateness, arbitrariness, assertiveness, astuteness, asynchronous, attentiveness, attractiveness, awareness, awfulness, awkwardness, backwardness, badness, bagginess, baldness, bearishness, bigness, bitterness, bituminous, blackness, blandness, bleakness, blindness, bluntness, boldness, bonus, boorishness, brashness, brightness, bullishness, business, calmness, casualness, cavernous, cheapness, chitinous, cleanliness, cleanness, cleverness, cloudiness, clumsiness, cockiness, cohesiveness, coldness, Colonus, combativeness, compactness, competitiveness, completeness, contrariness, Conus, coolness, correctness, coziness, craziness, creativeness, creditworthiness, creepiness, crispness, crookedness, cuteness, dampness, darkness, Deaconess, deadliness, deafness, decisiveness, defensiveness, destructiveness, directness, distinctiveness, divisiveness, dizziness, dreariness, drowsiness, drunkenness, dryness, dullness, eagerness, earnestness, edginess, effectiveness, elusiveness, emptiness, evenness, exogenous, eyewitness, faintness, fairness, farsightedness, fastness, fickleness, firmness, fitness, flatness, fondness, foolishness, forcefulness, forgiveness, forthrightness, foulness, frankness, freshness, friendliness, frothiness, fullness, funniness, furnace, gauntness, gayness, gelatinous, gentleness, genuineness, genus, ghastliness, gluttonous, goodness, governess, greatness, greenness, grimness, hairiness, handedness, happiness, hardness, harmfulness, harness, harshness, heinous, highness, holiness, homesickness, homogenous, hopefulness, humanness, idleness, illness, inclusiveness, indebtedness, indecisiveness, indigenous, ineffectiveness, ineptness, inertness, intravenous, intrusiveness, inventiveness, Johannes, kindness, larcenous, largeness, lateness, laziness, lenis, lightfastness, lightness, likeness, liveliness, loneliness, lousiness, luminous, madness, Manus, meanness, membranous, menace, Minas, mindedness, minus, monotonous, mountainous, mutinous, narrowness, nastiness, nearsightedness, neatness, newness, nitrogenous, nonbusiness, nonpoisonous, nosiness, nothingness, numbness, ominous, oneness, onus, openness, orderliness, otherness, outspokenness, pandanus, peacefulness, penis, permissiveness, persuasiveness, pervasiveness, pettiness, playfulness, poisonous, politeness, polygynous, possessiveness, preparedness, queasiness, quickness, quietness, raciness, randomness, rareness, ravenous, rawness, readiness, reasonableness, redness, remoteness, resistiveness, resourcefulness, responsiveness, restiveness, restrictiveness, richness, rightness, riskiness, robustness, roominess, roughness, rowdiness, rudeness, ruinous, sacredness, sadness, Salinas, sameness, scantiness, secretiveness, selfishness, sensitiveness, separateness, shakiness, shallowness, sharpness, shortness, shortsightedness, shrewdness, shyness, sickness, silliness, sinus, skittishness, slackness, sleepiness, sloppiness, slovenliness, slowness, sluggishness, slyness, smallness, smoothness, smugness, softness, solitariness, soundness, spiritedness, squeamishness, starkness, steadfastness, steadiness, steepness, sternness, stiffness, stillness, stinginess, stoutness, strangeness, stubbornness, sturdiness, suddenness, suggestiveness, sweetness, swiftness, tardiness, tartness, tastiness, tenderness, tetanus, thickness, thinness, thoroughness, thoughtfulness, tightness, timeliness, tiredness, togetherness, toughness, trustworthiness, truthfulness, ugliness, uneasiness, unfairness, unhappiness, uniqueness, unpleasantness, unwieldiness, unwillingness, usefulness, vagueness, vastness, venous, villainous, vindictiveness, vividness, voluminous, wariness, wastefulness, waterishness, weakness, weariness, weirdness, wellness, wetness, whiteness, wholeness, wholesomeness, wickedness, wilderness, wildness, willingness, wimpiness, wistfulness, witness, wonderfulness, worldliness, worthiness, wryness. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-e-l-n-o-s-s-s" | |
-1 letter: encloses, noseless, soleness. | |
-2 letters: enclose, lessens, lessons, loesses, sonless. | |
-3 letters: censes, cesses, clones, closes, lenses, leones, lessen, lesson, losses, nesses, scenes, scones, senses, socles. | |
-4 letters: cense, clone, clons, close, coles, cones, coses, enols, esses, lenes, lenos, lense, leone, loess, loses, noels, noses, onces, scene, scone, seels, sense, sloes, socle, soles, sones. | |
-5 letters: cees, cels, cess. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-e-l-n-o-s-s-s" | |
+1 letter: coldnesses, coolnesses. | |
+2 letters: closenesses. | |
+3 letters: callownesses, cloudinesses, cohesionless, comelinesses, costlinesses, lovesickness, recessionals, sociableness. | |
+4 letters: callousnesses, cloudlessness, colorlessness, coltishnesses, complexnesses, cordialnesses, courtlinesses, credulousness, deliciousness, lecherousness, logicalnesses, necessitously, obsolescences, selectionists, slouchinesses, voicelessness, welcomenesses. | |
+5 letters: cloddishnesses, clownishnesses, colonialnesses, colorfulnesses, completenesses, compulsiveness, conclusiveness, conscienceless, convulsiveness, cowardlinesses, felicitousness, forcefulnesses, forciblenesses, glaucousnesses, ironicalnesses, licentiousness, lovesicknesses, lusciousnesses, meticulousness, objectlessness, poeticalnesses, prolificnesses, scornfulnesses, sociablenesses, subadolescents, unsociableness, voicefulnesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Quotations: Spoken | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
