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Definition: Citizen |
CitizenNoun1. A native or naturalized member of a state or other political community. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "citizen" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Antonym: foreigner (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Government | Be governed by, be in the power of, be a subject of, be a citizen of. |
Inhabitant | Noun: inhabitant; resident, residentiary; dweller, indweller; addressee; occupier, occupant; householder, lodger, inmate, tenant, incumbent, sojourner, locum tenens, commorant; settler, squatter, backwoodsman, colonist; islander; denizen, citizen; burgher, oppidan, cit, townsman, burgess; villager; cottager, cottier, cotter; compatriot; backsettler, boarder; hotel keeper, innkeeper; habitant; paying guest; planter. |
Philanthropy | Philanthropist, endaemonist, utilitarian, Benthamite, socialist, communist, cosmopolite, citizen of the world, amicus humani generis; knight errant; patriot. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | So, how does it feel to be a solid citizen again (Mission: Impossible; writing credit: Bruce Geller; David Koepp) Elvis Presley was a model citizen. I've compiled a list of his traits for you to practice (Lilo & Stitch; writing credit: Chris Sanders) That makes Rick a citizen of the world (Casablanca; writing credit: Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein and Howard Koch. Based on the play 'Everybody Comes to Rick's' by Murray Burnett and Joan Alison.) Citizen Dildo (Vanilla Sky; writing credit: Alejandro Amenábar; Mateo Gil) The bad date, the bad sport, the bad citizen (Seinfeld; writing credit: Andreas Lenze; Bea Schmidt) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Une légende une vie: Citizen Welles (1974) Citizen Harold (1971) Damn Citizen (1958) Elder Citizen (1956) Citizen Varek (1953) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books | |||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Uncle Sam's youngest son Citizen Know Nothing. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | A shield for every law abiding citizen. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Future pastimes. Night life in America -- average citizen receiving a message from the spirit world. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Citizen Genet formally presented to Washington / Pyle. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | U.S. allotting surveyor and his interpreter making an American citizen of Chief American Horse, Oglala Sioux. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Citizen volunteers assisting the wounded in the field of Battle. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | The Alaska Citizen building. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Citizen of Columbus, Ohio. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Citizen, Lancaster, New Hampshire. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Life of George Washington--The citizen / painted by Stearns ; lith. by Régnier, imp. Lemercier, Paris. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Author Unknown | The first mile-stone to being a good citizen is learning how to disagree without being disagreeable. |
George Washington | When we assumed the Soldier, we did not lay aside the Citizen. |
J. William Fulbright | The citizen who criticizes his country is paying it an implied tribute. |
Plutarch | Socrates . . . said he was not an Athenian or a Greek, but a citizen of the world. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | The State must follow, and not lead, the character and progress of the citizen. |
Thomas Jefferson | Every citizen should be a soldier. This was the case with the Greeks and Romans, and must be that of every free state. |
| Certainly one of the highest duties of the citizen is a scrupulous obedience to the laws of the nation. But it is not the highest duty. | |
William Jennings Bryan | The humblest citizen of all the land, when clad in the armor of a righteous cause, is stronger than all the hosts of error. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 3: No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The Governing Commission provided for by paragraph 16 shall consist of five members chosen by the Council of the League of Nations, and will include one citizen of France, one native inhabitant of the Saar Basin, not a citizen of France, and three members belonging to three countries other than France or Germany. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | If it be not inconvenient to you, pray let us go in, that I may prove myself to belong to the place, to be a true citizen of Highbury |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Henceforth, it ceases to be a reality of my life, I am a citizen of somewhere else |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A citizen came along with a lantern |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | SECOND CITIZEN. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | There is particular need to involve citizen groups who direct their efforts toward the older person. (references) | |
Business | The private citizen also is concerned about protection. (references) | |
In November 1996, the IFE recognized 24 citizen organizations. (references) | ||
Uzbekistan is still a cash society and due to lack of trust for the local banks, most of the transactions are made in cash. The role of the banks has not yet taken the vital place in the daily life of the average citizen. (references) | ||
Children | Chad | The law considers any citizen under the age of 18 years as a minor. (references) |
Kuwait | Citizen parents also receive a monthly government allowance for each child. (references) | |
Kuwait | Citizen boys and girls receive a free education, which extends through the university level, including advanced degrees. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Macedonia | Only a citizen may establish a religious group. (references) |
Fiji | Every citizen has the right to enter and remain in the country. (references) | |
Panama | Gorriti, a Peruvian citizen, departed the country during the year. (references) | |
Discrimination | Laos | Although the Government at times took action when well-documented and obvious cases of discrimination came to the attention of high-level officials, the legal mechanism whereby a citizen may bring charges of discrimination against an individual or organization is neither well developed nor widely understood among the general population. (references) |
Economic History | Qatar | They should deal directly through a Qatari citizen or firm as agent. (references) |
Uae | A sponsor may be a UAE citizen or an institution, such as a free zone. (references) | |
Human Rights | Qatar | The number of citizen judges is increasing. (references) |
Luxembourg | An administrative court system reviews citizen challenges to legislation. (references) | |
Belize | Of the four justices sitting on the Supreme Court, only one is a citizen. (references) | |
Minorities | Bhutan | A royal decree in 1991 made forcible expulsion of a citizen a criminal offense. (references) |
Germany | Newspapers reported that open opposition to the project was voiced at citizen meetings with the city administration. (references) | |
Yemen | Nonetheless, many senior government officials, including Members of Parliament and ministers, have only one citizen parent. (references) | |
Political Economy | Costa Rica | A U.S. citizen and a Costa Rican squatter died during a confrontation over land ownership in 1997. (references) |
Kuwait | Kuwaiti citizen workers, 92 percent of whom are government employees, have the right to join unions. (references) | |
Costa Rica | Multiple claims to a single piece of land have created problems for numerous U.S. citizen investors. (references) | |
Political Rights | Guyana | Any citizen 18 years or older may register to vote. (references) |
Monaco | The Council of State is presided over by the Director of Judicial Services, usually a French citizen. (references) | |
Mauritania | Each citizen votes by entering a booth where they place the card of their candidate of choice into a sealed envelope. (references) | |
Trade | Bahrain | For public tenders, a foreign company must have a local representative who must be a Bahraini citizen. (references) |
Burma | Effective July 1, 2000, Burmese citizen entrepreneurs may remit a maximum of $10,000 per month of FEC earnings in exchange for the right to import. (references) | |
Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabia's Copyright Law does not extend protection to works that were first displayed outside of Saudi Arabia, unless the author is a Saudi citizen. (references) | |
Travel | Spain | Neither group has ever targeted a U.S. citizen. (references) |
Latvia | AMERICAN CITIZEN ENTRY REQUIREMENTS: A passport valid for at least six months is required. (references) | |
Bulgaria | A visa is not required for U.S. citizen visitors using regular passports for stays up to 30 days. (references) | |
Women | Palau | A case against a Philippine citizen was pending at year's end. (references) |
Lebanon | Citizen widows may confer citizenship on their minor children. (references) | |
United Arab Emirates | Citizen and noncitizen women constitute 15 percent of the national workforce. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Tunisia | The few foreign workers have the same protections as citizen workers. (references) |
Chad | All workers--foreign, citizen, legal, or illegal--are protected under the Labor Code. (references) | |
Macau | Citizen workers demonstrated against the importation of foreign laborers several times during the year. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | RESPLENDENT, adj. Like a simple American citizen beduking himself in his lodge, or affirming his consequence in the Scheme of Things as an elemental unit of a parade. The Knights of Dominion were so resplendent in their velvet- and-gold that their masters would hardly have known them. "Chronicles of the Classes" |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Bob Graham | I don't think there's any question about the legality of the United States bringing a U.S. citizen back to this country to be tried by our criminal justice system. And I think that is what's going to happen. |
Dan Rather | Well, I trust my president and when the president of the United States says things, I listen very carefully. That's my opinion as a citizen. That's my position as a citizen. |
Robert Novak | Senator, as a side issue, President Bush has come under fire for some stock transactions he made as a private citizen long ago. Vice President Cheney under fire for some decisions he may have made as CEO of Halliburton. |
Rush Limbaugh | Chris called to point out that the Bush administration is holding an American citizen, Jose Padilla, without due process under the Patriot Act. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | In a government bottomed on the will of all the life and liberty of every individual citizen become interesting to all. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | I accordingly appointed a distinguished citizen for this purpose, who proceeded on his mission in August last and was presented to the King early in the month of October. |
Ulysses S. Grant | 1869-1877 | The effects of the late civil strife have been to free the slave and make him a citizen. |
Calvin Coolidge | 1923-1929 | Under a free government the citizen makes his own laws, chooses his own administrators, which do represent him. |
Dwight Eisenhower | 1953-1961 | Like every other citizen, I wish the new President, and all who will labor with him, Godspeed. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | Our fate as a nation and our future as a people rest not upon one citizen, but upon all citizens. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | Before any American troops were committed to Vietnam, a leader of another Asian country expressed this opinion to me when I was traveling in Asia as a private citizen. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Over the years, I've addressed this convention as a private citizen, as a governor, as a presidential candidate, as a president and now, once again tonight, as private citizen Ronald Reagan. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | Every American adult must be a skilled, literate worker and citizen. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Last year, I called on Congress and every citizen to mark the millennium by saving America's treasures. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Citizen" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 89.62% of the time. "Citizen" is used about 1,396 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 89.62% | 1,251 | 6,261 |
| Noun (proper) | 10.38% | 145 | 26,217 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,396 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "citizen" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Citizen | Last name | 1,000 | 18,766 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| Country | Name |
| Japan | Citizen Electronics Company, Ltd. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "citizen": active citizen ♦ american citizen ♦ be a citizen of ♦ become citizen ♦ citizen band ♦ citizen bander ♦ citizen Genet ♦ citizen of ♦ citizen of the world ♦ citizen rights ♦ citizen soldier ♦ fellow citizen ♦ naturalised citizen ♦ naturalized citizen ♦ nonresident citizen ♦ private citizen ♦ resident citizen ♦ senior citizen ♦ soviet citizen ♦ swiss citizen ♦ US citizen ♦ voting age citizen. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "citizen": citizen-advocacy, citizen-authority, citizen-centred, citizen-intellectual, citizen-reader, citizen-slob, citizen-soldier, citizen-soldiers, citizen-state, citizen-suit. | |
Ending with "citizen": eco-citizen, pseudo-citizen. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
citizen bank | 5,343 | prince george citizen | 174 |
ottawa citizen | 2,455 | asheville citizen | 172 |
citizen watch | 2,412 | citizen insurance | 170 |
citizen | 1,461 | pasadena citizen | 164 |
asheville citizen times | 936 | key west citizen | 160 |
senior citizen | 892 | citizen watch company | 160 |
tucson citizen | 794 | ottawa citizen newspaper | 156 |
first citizen bank | 611 | rockdale citizen | 155 |
first citizen | 392 | citizen times | 155 |
citizen voice | 325 | citizen eco drive | 137 |
citizen kane | 323 | citizen dive watch | 132 |
iowa city press citizen | 301 | citizen register | 121 |
brigade citizen upright | 299 | citizen bank online | 119 |
the ottawa citizen | 293 | citizen press | 117 |
citizen tribune | 270 | citizen printer | 117 |
first citizen banc | 259 | citizen bank.com | 115 |
citizen national bank | 254 | advice bureau citizen | 113 |
jackson citizen patriot | 243 | citizen fayette | 107 |
laconia citizen | 229 | citizen times.com | 106 |
citizen herald | 214 | citizen communication | 106 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "citizen"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | burger (hamburger, middleclass, middleclass citizen). (various references) | |
Albanian | civil (civil, civilian, plain clothes), shtetas, qytetar (civic, civil, freeman, oppidan, townee, townsman). (various references) | |
Arabic | مواطن مدني, مواطن (civilian, inhabitant, national, resident), تابع (adherent, attached, dependent, disciple, follow, follow up, follower, following, forward, function, get on, go ahead, keep an eye on, page, post, press, pursue, put up with, redirect, satellite, send on, sub, subject, subordinate, subsequent, subservient, subsidiary, tributary, under one's thumb, underlying, urge, vassal), المديني أحد سكان المدينة. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | цивилно лице (civilian), гражданин (cad, national, oppidan, subject, townee, townsman), поданик (liege, liege man, national, subject). (various references) | |
Chinese | 公民 . (various references) | |
Czech | státní příslušník (national, subject), obèan (inhabitant, national, subject). (various references) | |
Danish | statsborger. (various references) | |
Dutch | staatsburger, burger (middleclass citizen). (various references) | |
Esperanto | civitano. (various references) | |
Faeroese | borgari (middleclass citizen). (various references) | |
Farsi | تابع (Accessory, Adjective, Ancillary, Function, Incident, Passive, Sub, Submission, Subsidiary, Suffragan, Tributary), تبعه یک کشور, رعیت (Cotter, Peasant, Vassal), شهروند (National). (various references) | |
Finnish | porvari (bourgeois, burgess, middleclass citizen), kansalainen (fellow-citizen, fellow-countryman, national). (various references) | |
French | citoyen. (various references) | |
Frisian | boarger (middleclass citizen). (various references) | |
German | Staatsbürger (citizens, national, nationals, subject), Bürger (bourgeois, burgess, burgesses, burgher, citizens, commoner, Freeman, middleclass citizen, townsman, townsmen). (various references) | |
Greek | κάτοικοσ (dweller, habitant, inhabitant, resident), πολίτησ (civilian), πολίτης, υπήκοοσ (national, obedient, subject). (various references) | |
Hebrew | אזרח (civilian, denizen, native, subject). (various references) | |
Hungarian | polgári személy (gownsman), állampolgár (subject). (various references) | |
Icelandic | ríkisborgari. (various references) | |
Indonesian | warga negara. (various references) | |
Irish | saoránach. (various references) | |
Italian | cittadino (Burgess, burgher, city-, national, subject, urban). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 本国人 (native), 公民 (freemen), 国民 (national, people), 国民 (national, people), 市民 (townspeople). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しみ" (deep sleep, the four social classes, the masses, torpor, townspeople), ほ""くじ" (native), "くみ" (national, people), "うみ" (freemen). (various references) | |
Korean | 시민 (Burgess, citizenry, Civil). (various references) | |
Manx | seyranagh, fer baghee (dweller, inhabitant, resident). (various references) | |
Norwegian | statsborger, borger. (various references) | |
Papiamen | ciudadanu (middleclass citizen), merikano (American, US citizen). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | itizencay.(various references) | |
Polish | Amerykanin (American, US citizen). (various references) | |
Portuguese | cidadão (acolyte, burgess, burgher, commoner, denizen, liege, member, mister, patron, supporter, townee). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | cidadão. (various references) | |
Romanian | civil (civil, civilian), cetãţean (bird, Burgess, burgher, cove, denizen, dog, duck, fellow, Freeman, Jack, Johnny, joker, national, native, party), orãşean (bourgeois, burgher, oppidan, townsman, townspeople), burghez (bourgeois-landlord, burgher, petit bourgeois). (various references) | |
Russian | гражданин. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | podanik (subject, vassal), građanin (burgher, townsman), državljanin. (various references) | |
Spanish | ciudadano (burgher, civic, town). (various references) | |
Swahili | mwamerikani (American, US citizen). (various references) | |
Swedish | medborgare (citizens, civic, Freeman, national), borgare (Burgess). (various references) | |
Tagalog | Amerikano (American, US citizen). (various references) | |
Thai | ประชาชน (folk, national). (various references) | |
Turkish | yurttaş (compatriot, fellow countryman, national), vatandaş (compatriot, country woman, countryman, countrywoman, fellow countryman, fellow countrywoman, man in the street, national, subject), uyruk (nationality, subject, vassal), sivil kimse, sakin (airless, calm, comfortable, composed, composedly, dispassionate, domicilled, dweller, equal, even, even tempered, habitant, halcyon, hushed, imperturbable, in repose, indweller, inhabitant, inmate, laidback, local, nerveless, noiseless, Pacific, peaceable, peaceful, philosophic, philosophical, placid, quiescent, quiet, reposeful, resident, sedate, serene, smooth, steady, still, tenant, tranquil, unperturbed, unruffled, untroubled), ikamet eden kimse (denizen, habitant, indweller, resident), hemşehri (countryman, countrywoman, fellow countryman, fellow countrywoman, fellow townsman, townsman). (various references) | |
Turkmen | grajjdan (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | цивільна особа (civilian, gownsman), громадяка, громадянин (national), городянка, городянин (oppidan, urban), мешканець міста (oppidan), житель (denizen, inmate). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | người theo chủ nghĩa siêu quốc gia, người dân th nh thị công dân. (various references) | |
Welsh | dinesydd. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | cison, citizen, civem, cives, civi, civibus, civis, civium, municeps. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 15, Verse 15 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai poreuqeiV ekollhqh eni twn politwn thV cwraV ekeinhV kai epemyen auton eiV touV agrouV autou boskein coirouV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et abiit et adhesit uni civium regionis illius et misit illum in villam suam ut pasceret porcos |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | þa ferde he and folgude anum burhsittendan men þæs rices ða sende he hine to his tune þæt he heolde his swyn; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he wente, and drouy hym to oon of the citeseyns of that cuntre. And he sente hym in to his toun, to fede swyn. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he went and clave to a citesyn of yt same countre which sent him to his felde to kepe his swyne. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And he went and put himself into the hands of one of the people of that country, and he sent him into his fields to give the pigs their food. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 15, Verse 15 |
| Cebuano | Busa siya miadto ug mikapyot sa usa sa mga nagpuyo niadtong yutaa, ug siya gisugo niini ngadto sa iyang kaumahan aron sa paglawog sa mga baboy. |
| Croatian | Ode i pribi se kod jednoga žitelja u onoj zemlji. On ga posla na svoja polja pasti svinje. |
| Danish | Og han gik hen og holdt sig til en af Borgerne der i Landet, og denne sendte ham ud på sine Marker for at vogte Svin. |
| Dutch | En hij ging heen, en voegde zich bij een van de burgers deszelven lands; en die zond hem op zijn land om de zwijnen te weiden. |
| Finnish | Ja hän meni ja yhtyi erääseen sen maan kansalaiseen, ja tämä lähetti hänet tiluksilleen kaitsemaan sikoja. |
| French | Il alla se mettre au service d`un des habitants du pays, qui l`envoya dans ses champs garder les pourceaux. |
| German | Und ging hin und hängte sich an einen Bürger des Landes; der schickte ihn auf seinen Acker, die Säue zu hüten. |
| Haitian Creole | li al mande travay lakay yon abitan nan peyi a. Abitan an voye l' nan jaden l' al gade kochon. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Lalu ia pergi bekerja pada seorang penduduk di situ, yang menyuruh dia ke ladang menjaga babinya. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Lalu pergilah ia memperhambakan dirinya kepada seorang daripada anak negeri itu; maka orang itu pun menyuruhkan dia ke ladangnya menjaga babinya. |
| Manx Gaelic | As hie eh as daill eh eh-hene rish cummaltagh jeh'n cheer shen; as hug eshyn eh magh gys ny magheryn echey dy ve son bochilley muickey. |
| Maori | Na ka haere ia, ka piri ki tetahi o nga tangata o taua whenua; ka tonoa e ia ki ana mara ki te whangai poaka. |
| Norwegian | Da gikk han bort og holdt sig til en av borgerne der i landet, og han sendte ham ut på sine marker for å gjæte svin; |
| Portuguese< |