Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Cellulose |
CelluloseNoun1. A polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "cellulose" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Energy | The fundamental constituent of all vegetative tissue; the most abundant material in the world. (references) |
Health | A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in cellobiose. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations. (references) |
Mining | A polymeric carbohydrate composed of glucose units, formula (C6 H 10 O5 )x , making it the most abundant carbohydrate, and with lignin, an important constituent of plant materials, from whichcoal is formed. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Cellulose (C6H10O5)n is a long-chain polymer of beta-glucose.
Cellulose is the common material of plant cell walls and was first noted as such in 1838. It occurs naturally in almost pure form only in cotton fibre and in combination with lignin and any hemicellulose, it is found in all plant material - wood, leaves, stalks etc.
Cellulose monomers (beta-glucose) are linked together through 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose is a straight chain--no coiling occurs. In microfibrils, the multiple hydroxide groups hydrogen bond with each other, holding the chains firmly together and contributing to their high tensile strength. This strength is important in cell walls, where they are meshed in to a carbohydrate matrix, which helps to keep plants rigid.
Given a cellulose material, the portion that does not dissolve in a 17.5% solution of sodium hydroxide at 20 deg C. is Alpha Cellulose, this is true cellulose; the portion that dissolves and then precipitates upon acidification is Beta Cellulose; and the proportion that dissolves but does not precipitate is called Gamma Cellulose.
Cellulose is processed to make cellophane and rayon.
- See also: Cellulase
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Cellulose."
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
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| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Substitutes. Composition clock cases. Good clock-making materials from waste. Old paper, sawdust, wood scrap, rosin--anything with a fiber--yield cellulose for the making of composition clock cases, frame plates and other parts at the Winsted, Conneticut. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The panel concludes that at the present time, cellulose acetate followed by citrate agar electrophoresis is the method of choice for large-scale centralized mass screening. (references) | |
Some patients with absorptive hypercalciuria may be given the drug sodium cellulose phosphate, which binds calcium in the intestines and prevents it from leaking into the urine. (references) | ||
Electrophoresis at alkaline pH on cellulose acetate followed by further examination of abnormal samples by acid electrophoresis on citrate agar is presently the most popular procedure used for mass screening. (references) | ||
Business | Size can include starch, polyvinyl alcohol or carbomethyl cellulose. (references) | |
Germany’s Hoechst Co. Set up a JV in Jiangsu province’s Nantong City to produce acetic acid cellulose and a JV in Guangdong and Yunnan to produce hydroxy acetic cellulose. (references) | ||
Economic History | Latvia | The Government of Latvia has "provided a green light" for a project to build a cellulose plant in Latvia with a capacity of 600,000 tons of pulp per year. (references) |
Brazil | This economic growth brought a new round of investment, especially in the automobile, steel, mining, paper and cellulose sectors as well as in infrastructure. (references) | |
Mexico | Jalisco's industrial sector ranks fourth at the national level, excelling particularly in petrochemicals, footwear manufacturing, leather goods, dairy produce, sugar, paper and cellulose. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Cellulose" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 96.18% of the time. "Cellulose" is used about 131 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 96.18% | 126 | 28,512 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 3.05% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.76% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 131 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "cellulose": acetyl cellulose ♦ benzyl cellulose ♦ carboxymethyl cellulose ♦ cellulose acetate ♦ cellulose acetate rayon ♦ cellulose diacetate ♦ cellulose ester ♦ cellulose nitrate ♦ cellulose paint ♦ cellulose tape ♦ cellulose triacetate ♦ cellulose wadding ♦ cellulose wadding machine ♦ cellulose xanthate ♦ deae cellulose ♦ diethylaminoethyl cellulose ♦ ethyl cellulose ♦ hydroxyethyl cellulose ♦ mercerised cellulose ♦ mercerized cellulose ♦ nitrate de cellulose ♦ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ♦ starch cellulose ♦ wood cellulose. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "cellulose": cellulose-based. | |
Ending with "cellulose": alpha-cellulose, beta-cellulose, DEAE-Cellulose, ethyl-cellulose, gamma-cellulose, methyl-cellulose, natron-cellulose. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "cellulose"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | celulozë. (various references) | |
Arabic | السلولوز, الخليوز. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | целулозен, целулоза (pulp). (various references) | |
Chinese | 纤维素 (cellulosic). (various references) | |
Czech | celulóza (wood pulp). (various references) | |
Danish | cellulose (wood cellulose). (various references) | |
Dutch | cellulose (precipitated cellulose). (various references) | |
Finnish | selluloosa (chemical pulp). (various references) | |
French | cellulose. (various references) | |
German | zellstoff (pulp), zellulose. (various references) | |
Greek | κυτταρίνη (cellophane). (various references) | |
Hebrew | תאית (pulp), צלולוזה. (various references) | |
Hungarian | cellulóz (chemical wood pulp). (various references) | |
Italian | cellulosa. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 繊維素 , セメント質 (captive screw, Celica, cell, celluloid, cement, Central League, ceramic, cerium, self, self-checking, self-service, self-service gasoline station, seller, sera, Serbia, serge, serif). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せんいそ, セルロース . (various references) | |
Korean | 셀루로스. (various references) | |
Manx | kellaloyshagh, kellaloys. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ellulosecay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | celulose. (various references) | |
Romanian | celulozã. (various references) | |
Russian | целлюлоза целлюлозный, целлюлоза, клетчатка (cellular tissue). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | celuloza. (various references) | |
Spanish | celulosa. (various references) | |
Swedish | cellulosa (wood cellulose). (various references) | |
Thai | เซลลูโลส. (various references) | |
Turkish | selüloz. (various references) | |
Turkmen | sellяuloza (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | целюлоза (pulp), клітковина (roughage). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "cellulose": celluloses. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "cellulose": carboxymethylcellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose, methylcellulose, nitrocellulose. (additional references) | |
Words containing "cellulose": carboxymethylcelluloses, hemicelluloses, lignocelluloses, methylcelluloses, nitrocelluloses. (additional references) | |
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"Cellulose" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cellolosa, cellulase, cellulizer, celluloase, celluose, celulosa, clluloses, Collomosse. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "cellulose" (pronounced se"lyulō's) |
| 8 | s e" l y u l ō' s | nitrocellulose. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-e-l-l-l-o-s-u" | |
-1 letter: cellules. | |
-2 letters: cellule, coulees, locules, ocellus. | |
-3 letters: cellos, coleus, coulee, locule, oscule. | |
-4 letters: cello, cells, close, clues, coles, culls, locus, lolls, losel, louse, luces, lulls, ousel, scull, selle, socle. | |
-5 letters: cees, cell, cels, clue, cole, cols, cues, cull, ecus, eels, ells, else, lees, loll, lose, luce, lues, lull, oles, seel, sell, sloe, slue, sole, soul. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-e-l-l-l-o-s-u" | |
+1 letter: celluloses. | |
+4 letters: hemicellulose. | |
+5 letters: hemicelluloses, lignocellulose, nitrocellulose, uncollectibles. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
