Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Burnt |
BurntAdjective1. Ruined by overcooking; "she served us underdone bacon and burnt buscuits". 2. Having undergone oxidation: "burned powder". 3. Treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point; "burnt sienna". 4. Hardened by subjecting to intense heat; "baked bricks"; "burned bricks". 5. Destroyed or badly damaged by fire; "a row of burned houses"; "a charred bit of burnt wood"; "barricaded the street with burnt-out cars". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "burnt" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Food & Agriculture | Characteristic flavour of oils caused by excessive and/or prolonged heating during processing, particularly when the paste is thermally mixed, if this is done under unsuitable conditions. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Burnt The burnt child dreads the fire. Once caught, twice shy. "What! wouldst thou have a serpent sting thee twice?" Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Slang in 1811 | BURNT. Poxed or clapped. He was sent out a sacrifice, and came home a burnt offering; a saying of seamen who have caught the venereal disease abroad. He has burnt his fingers; he has suffered by meddling. Source: 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Execution by burning has a long historical tradition as being a legal method of punishment for crimes such as heresy, treason, and the practice of witchcraft. This method of execution has currently fallen into disfavor. The particular form of execution by burning in which the condemned is bound to a large stake is more commonly called burning at the stake or auto de fe.If the fire is big (for instance, when a large number of heretics were executed at the same time) the death comes from the carbon monoxide poisoning before flames engulf the body. However, if the fire is small, the convict burns slowly and dies in great pain.
According to ancient reports, Roman authorities executed many of the early Christian martyrs by burning. These reports claim that in some cases they failed to be burned, and had to be beheaded instead. However, all such ancient manuscripts were copied by Christian monks, and even Catholic sources state that many of these claims were invented (or "apocryphal").
In 1184, the Synod of Verona legislated that burning was to be the official punishment for heresy. This decree was later reaffirmed by the Fourth Council of the Lateran in 1215, the Synod of Toulouse in 1229, and numerous spiritual and secular leaders up through the 17th century.
Witch trials became increasingly popular through the 14th and 15th century in Scotland, Spain, England, Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. It is estimated that up to four million convicted witches and heretics were burned at the stake during this time.
Among the best known convicted heretics to be executed by burning were Jan Hus (1415), Joan of Arc (1431) and Giordano Bruno (1600).
Contrary to popular history, none of the executions in the Salem witch trials were carried out by burning, but rather by hanging (and in one case, by pressing under stones).
During the reign of Queen Mary in England (1553-1558), some two hundred and seventy seven people were burnt at the stake for heresy against the Catholic church and conspiracy against the Queen, including Thomas Cranmer, Hugh Latimer, and Nicholas Ridley. Between 1555-57 seventeen protestants were burnt at the stake outside of the Star Inn in the town of Lewes in Sussex. The traditional bonfire celebrations held annually in the town on 5 November commemorate the burnings as well as the Gunpowder Plot of 1605.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Execution by burning."
Synonyms: BurntSynonyms: baked (adj), burned (adj), burned-out (adj), burnt-out (adj). (additional references) |
| Antonym: unburned (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Atonement | Amends, apology, amende honorable, satisfaction; peace offering, sin offering, burnt offering; scapegoat, sacrifice. |
Calefaction | Inflammable, combustible; diathermal, diathermanous; burnt. Verb: volcanic, radioactive. |
Worship | Oblation, sacrifice, incense, libation; burnt offering, heave offering, votive offering; offertory. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | ! The heart that mourns her, her that you burnt to a cinder (Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles; writing credit: Anne Rice) I've been burnt by you before (Beauty and the Beast; writing credit: Roger Allers; Kelly Asbury) She is already burnt flesh, Adso (Name der Rose, Der; writing credit: Andrew Birkin; Gérard Brach) A mark burnt into him with a red hot iron (Lady Jane; writing credit: Chris Bryant; David Edgar) Look out that window, Eden isn't burning its burnt. (Reign of Fire; writing credit: Damon Packard) | |
Lyrics | Me and Dre stood next to a burnt down house (Forgot About Dre; performing artist: Dr. dre) I got ketchup on my blue jeans, I just burnt my hand ("All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight"; performing artist: Hank Williams Jr.) But in my sky all burnt out you are (Adrienne; performing artist: The Calling) Where we're been has left us burnt still (Blinded (When I See You); performing artist: THIRD EYE BLIND) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Burnt Evidence (1954) How Shaolin Temple Was Burnt to Ashes (1939) Battle on Burnt Ground (1937) Burnt Up (1927) A Passage from Burnt Islands (1992) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Burnt forest one year after fireEnvironmental EducationFire WorkshopMcCall, IdahoFour Rivers Field OfficeLSRDLower Snake River District. Credit: Shelley Davis-Brunner. |  | Burnt powerlineFire Season 2000Lower Snake River DistrictLSRD. Credit: Bryan Day. |
 | East (front) elevation. Photograph by Duane Garrett, 1976. (Reproduction Number: HABS ID,8-IDCI,10-1) When Idaho City's post office burnt to the ground in 1867, work on this new building began almost immediately. Completed in less than one month, the new post office and general store incorporated many fire-prevention measures, including metal shutters and doors. The new building also featured an attic floor of brick covered with earth for extra fire protection. Today, the building is the Boise Basin Museum, which is dedicated to Idaho’s Gold Rush. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Some people think they come of age when they've been burnt by gonorrhea, but if they've been burnt by AIDS they may never come of age. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Burnt bridge over Pope's Head, near Devereux Station, Orange & Alexandria Railroad. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | White House Landing, Va. Ruins of the White House, burnt during the Federal evacuation. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Richmond Firemen pushing down the remains of the burnt dwellings Capital Square. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Remains of burnt steamers & sailing vessels on the Rappahanock [sic]. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Burnt out. This Ada County, Idaho, man and wife had come to the end of a losing battle against the choking drought when the Resettlement Administration came to their aid with a rehabilitation loan. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Burnt and jagged stumps spoil the view of Mount Hood, Oregon. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Burnt flower" by Kat Gruber Commentary: "A rose that bloomed and died in one, very hot day. ." | "Exodus" by Kevin C Commentary: "Picture from a cool old burnt down house visit my manip site: blindgorgon.deviantart ..." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Christopher Marlowe | Was this the face that launched a thousand ships, and burnt the topless towers of Ileum? |
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe | Our passion are the true phoenixes; when the old one is burnt out, a new one rises from its ashes. |
Sir Thomas Browne | Herostratus lives that burnt the Temple of Diana -- he is almost lost that built it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Declaration of Independence | 1776 | He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | There, I have burnt my coat |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The burnt land and the black, cindery hills broke the even distance and made it terrible in the reddening light of the setting sun. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Waste oil can be burnt as a fuel after treatment. (references) | |
By that time, it can be expected that only burnt sludge will then be allowed for depositing. (references) | ||
Economic History | Czech Rep | Electricity: The Czech Republic is a potential buyer of U.S. control and safety systems for power plants, and burnt nuclear fuel storage systems. (references) |
Human Rights | Ghana | The district assembly agreed to help resettle those whose houses were burnt. (references) |
Indigenous People | Canada | The nonaborignal fishermen sparked violence by cutting Burnt Church lobster trap lines and damaging aboriginal property. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | ALTAR, n. The place whereupon the priest formerly raveled out the small intestine of the sacrificial victim for purposes of divination and cooked its flesh for the gods. The word is now seldom used, except with reference to the sacrifice of their liberty and peace by a male and a female tool. They stood before the altar and supplied The fire themselves in which their fat was fried. In vain the sacrifice! -- no god will claim An offering burnt with an unholy flame. M.P. Nopput |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Burnt" is generally used as a lexical verb (past participle) -- approximately 67.65% of the time. "Burnt" is used about 985 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (past participle) | 67.65% | 666 | 9,868 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 23.12% | 228 | 19,909 |
| Lexical Verb (past tense) | 9.03% | 89 | 34,931 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.2% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 985 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "burnt". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Kirharaseth | N/A | Biblical | Wall of burnt brick |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "burnt": be burnt ♦ be burnt out ♦ be burnt to death ♦ burnt almonds ♦ burnt Cabins ♦ Burnt ear ♦ burnt edge ♦ burnt edges ♦ burnt face ♦ burnt gases ♦ burnt Hills ♦ burnt lime ♦ burnt offering ♦ burnt out area ♦ burnt patch ♦ burnt Prairie ♦ burnt Ranch ♦ burnt sacrifice ♦ Burnt sienna ♦ burnt spot ♦ burnt sugar ♦ burnt to a frazzle ♦ burnt umber ♦ burnt up ♦ get burnt ♦ get one's fingers burnt. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "burnt": burnt-arse, burnt-bones, burnt-offering, burnt-orange, burnt-out, burnt-over, burnt-palace, burnt-phosphorous, Burnt-sienna, burnt-umber, burnt-up. | |
Ending with "burnt": half-burnt. | |
Containing "burnt": brains-with-burnt-butter-salad. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "burnt"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | i zhuritur, i pjekur (baked, full blown, full grown, mature, mellow, ripe, weighty), i djegur (baked, languishing, scalded, scorched). (various references) | |
Arabic | أحرق (blaze, burn, char, deflagrate, fire, incinerate, kiln, light, parch, scald, sear, singe, sizzle, smart, sting). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | препечен (overdone), изгорял (dead), изгорен. (various references) | |
Chinese | 烧 (Burned, Burning), 焦 (anxious, scorched, worried). (various references) | |
Czech | spálený (sun-burnt), pražený (roasted), připálený. (various references) | |
Danish | brændt (heated), ophedet (heated). (various references) | |
Dutch | aangebrand. (various references) | |
Esperanto | brulgusta. (various references) | |
Finnish | palanut (heated), paistunut (heated). (various references) | |
French | brûlé (burned), cuit. (various references) | |
Frisian | ferbrâne (be burnt down, burn down), ferbaarne (be burnt down, burn down). (various references) | |
German | verbrannt (gloss over, scorched, veil), angebrannt. (various references) | |
Greek | καίω (burn, burn down, calcine, char, cremate, kiln, scorch, sear, tingle), παθητική μετοχή του burn, ψημένο ή καμένο (heated). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מבוער (ignited, lighted, lit), שרוף (ardent), צרוב (cauterized, scalded). (various references) | |
Hungarian | megégett, égetett. (various references) | |
Indonesian | angit (odor of burnt rice or bread). (various references) | |
Italian | cotto (baked, boiled, cooked, done). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 黒焦げ (something burnt black), 焼死体 (burnt corpse), 焼き畑 (burnt fields), 焼け野原 (burnt area, burnt field), 焼け野 (burnt field), 焼け死ぬ (to be burnt to death), 焼け山 (burnt mountain, dormant volcano), 半焼 (half burnt), 松煙 (ink stick, soot of burnt pine), 松煤 (soot of burnt pine). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | くろこげ (something burnt black), しょうしたい (burnt corpse), しょうばい (business, commerce, occupation, soot of burnt pine, trade, transaction), しょうえん (banquet, demesne, gunpowder smoke, ink stick, invitation to a party, manor, party, smallparty, soot of burnt pine), やきばた (burnt fields), やきはた (burnt fields), やけしぬ (to be burnt to death), やけのはら (burnt area, burnt field), やけの (burnt field), やけやま (burnt mountain, dormant volcano), はんしょう (counter-evidence, disproof, fire alarm, fire bell, half burnt, half death, influence, midnight, proof to the contrary, rebel leader, reflection). (various references) | |
Korean | 점화하는 (Burned, lighted). (various references) | |
Manx | shugyr daahit (burnt sugar), oural losht (burnt offering), lostit (burned, burnt up, scorched), losht (bakestone, baking stone, burned, burnt up, scorched), almonyn rostit (burnt almonds). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | urntbay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | queimado (adust, seared). (various references) | |
Romanian | trecut şi participiu trecut de la burn, calcinat, ars (diddled, grieved, hot, scorched, withered). (various references) | |
Russian | горелый, жженый, жечь;гореть;обжигать обожженный. (various references) | |
Scottish | eiteach (burnt roots of heath). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | spaljen (adust, burned, scorched), pregoreo, izgoreo (adust), izgoren. (various references) | |
Spanish | quemado (adust, lame). (various references) | |
Swedish | brunnit, brunnen, brann, vidbränd. (various references) | |
Turkish | kavrulmuş (parched, roasted, torrid). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | горілий, палений. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 38, Verse 24 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Egeneto de meta trimhnon aphggelh tw iouda legonteV ekpeporneuken qamar h numfh sou kai idou en gastri ecei ek porneiaV eipen de ioudaV exagagete authn kai katakauqhtw |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ecce autem post tres menses nuntiaverunt Iudae dicentes fornicata est Thamar nurus tua et videtur uterus illius intumescere dixit Iudas producite eam ut conburatur |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And it came to passe that after .iij. monethes one tolde Iuda saynge: Thamar thy doughter in lawe hath played the whoore and with playnge the whoore is become great with childe. And Iuda sayde: brynge her forth ad let her be brente. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told to Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter-in-law hath played the harlot; and also, behold she is with child by lewdness: and Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Now about three months after this, word came to Judah that Tamar, his daughter-in-law, had been acting like a loose woman and was with child. And Judah said, Take her out and let her be burned. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 38, Verse 24 |
| Cebuano | Ug nahitabo nga sa katapusan sa ikatolo ka bulan gipahibalo si Juda, nga nagaingon: Si Tamar nga imong umagad nga babaye nakighilawas ug labut pa, siya nanamkon tungod sa pagpakighilawas. Ug si Juda miingon: Kuhaa ninyo siya, ug padaubi siya. |
| Croatian | Otprilike poslije tri mjeseca donesoše vijest Judi: "Tvoja nevjesta Tamara odala se bludništvu; èak je u bludnièenju i zaèela." "Izvedite je", naredi Juda, "pa neka se spali!" |
| Danish | En tre Måneders Tid efter meldte man Juda: "Din Sønnekone Tamar har øvet Utugt og er blevet frugtsommelig!" Da sagde Juda: "Før hende ud, for at hun kan blive brændt!" |
| Dutch | En het geschiedde omtrent na drie maanden, dat men Juda te kennen gaf, zeggende: Thamar, uw schoondochter, heeft gehoereerd, en ook zie, zij is zwanger van hoererij. Toen zeide Juda: Breng ze hervoor, dat zij verbrand worde! |
| Finnish | Noin kolmen kuukauden kuluttua ilmoitettiin Juudalle: "Sinun miniäsi Taamar on harjoittanut haureutta, ja haureudesta hän on myös tullut raskaaksi". Juuda sanoi: "Viekää hänet poltettavaksi". |
| French | Environ trois mois après, on vint dire à Juda: Tamar, ta belle-fille, s`est prostituée, et même la voilà enceinte à la suite de sa prostitution. Et Juda dit: Faites-la sortir, et qu`elle soit brûlée. |
| German | Über drei Monate ward Juda angesagt: Deine Schwiegertochter Thamar hat gehurt; dazu siehe, ist sie von der Hurerei schwanger geworden. Juda spricht: Bringt sie hervor, daß sie verbrannt werde. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Kira-kira tiga bulan kemudian Yehuda mendapat kabar bahwa Tamar menantunya telah bertindak sebagai pelacur dan sudah hamil. Lalu Yehuda memerintahkan, "Ambillah dia dan bakarlah sampai mati!" |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Kalakian, maka adalah kira-kira tiga bulan kemudian dari pada itu dikabarkan oranglah kepada Yehuda, mengatakan: Adapun Tamar, menantumu itu, telah berkendak, dan lagi sesungguhnya mengandunglah ia dengan zinahnya. Maka kata Yehuda: Bawalah dia ke mari, supaya dibakar habis akan dia. |
| Italian | Circa tre mesi dopo, fu portata a Giuda questa notizia: «Tamar, la tua nuora, si è prostituita e anzi è incinta a causa della prostituzione». Giuda disse: «Conducetela fuori e sia bruciata!». |
| Maori | ¶ A ka toru nga marama, na ka korerotia ki a Hura, ka meatia, Kua kairau a Tamara, tau hunaonga; kua hapu ano hoki ia i ona kairautanga. A ka mea a Hura, Kawea ki waho, kia tahuna. |
| Norwegian | Så gikk det omkring tre måneder; da kom folk og sa til Juda: Tamar, din sønnekone, har drevet hor, og nu er hun også blitt fruktsommelig i hor. Og Juda sa: Før henne ut, hun skal brennes! |
| Portuguese | Passados quase três meses, disseram a Judá: Tamar, tua nora, se prostituiu e eis que está grávida da sua prostituição. Então disse Judá: Tirai-a para fora, e seja ela queimada. |
| Rumanian | Cam dupq trei luni, au venit wi au spus lui Iuda: ,,Tamar, noru-ta, a curvit, wi a rqmas chiar knsqrcinatq kn urma curvirii ei.`` Wi Iuda a zis: ,,Scoateyi -o afarq ca sq fie arsq.`` |
| Swedish | Vid pass tre månader därefter blev så berättat för Juda: "Din sonhustru Tamar har bedrivit otukt, och i otukt har hon blivit havande." Juda sade: "Fören ut henne till att brännas." |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "burnt": outburnt, overburnt, sunburnt, unburnt, windburnt. (additional references) | |
| |
"Burnt" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Barnt, Baurat, Bernat, bor, Bornat, Bornatt, brund, brundt, Brunot, bunr, buret, burit, buritt, burne, burnng, Burnu, burny, burpt, burutu, cburn, turnt. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "burnt" (pronounced ber"nt) |
| 3 | -er" n t | learnt. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: brunt. | |
| Words within the letters "b-n-r-t-u" | |
-1 letter: brut, bunt, burn, runt, turn. | |
-2 letters: bun, bur, but, nub, nut, rub, run, rut, tub, tun, urb, urn. | |
-3 letters: nu, un, ut. | |
| Words containing the letters "b-n-r-t-u" | |
+1 letter: brunet, brunts, bunter, burnet, burton, turban. | |
+2 letters: blunter, brunets, bruting, bunters, burnets, burnout, burthen, burtons, butyrin, inburst, outburn, subrent, tribune, turbans, turbine, unburnt. | |
+3 letters: arbutean, bankrupt, blurting, braunite, breadnut, brownout, bruiting, brunette, burgonet, burnouts, bursting, burstone, burthens, buttoner, butyrins, inbursts, nutbrown, outburns, outburnt, postburn, rambutan, rebutton, runabout, stubborn, subentry, subrents, subtrend, sunburnt, sunburst, tribunal, tribunes, trueborn, turbaned, turbinal, turbines, turbofan, turnable, unbitter, unbright, urbanest, urbanist, urbanite, urbanity. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Names: Derived from 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Bible Trace 19. Derivations 20. Rhymes | 21. Anagrams 22. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
