Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Branching

Definitions: Branching

Branching

Adjective

1. Having branches.

2. Resembling the branches of a tree.

Noun

1. The act of branching out or dividing into branches.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "branching" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references)


Specialty Definitions: Branching

DomainDefinitions

Computing

When applied to computer technology, branching is a method of selecting, on the basis of the computer results, the next operation to execute while a program is in progress. Source: European Union. (references)

Food & Agriculture

A)the cutting off of one or more branches of a tree, whether standing, felled or fallen; b)the cutting of a felled or fallen, and sometimes standing, stem clear of branches, i. e. more or less flush with its surface, without stubs. Source: European Union. (references)

Math

A rooted spanning tree in a directed graph, such that there is a path from each vertex to the root. (references)

Medicine

The act or process of branching; a small branch from a main nerve or blood vessel. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Branching

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Branching, in organic chemistry, is when a hydrogen on a polymer is replaced by another chain of that polymer, that is, a polymer that at some point looks like:

          / - - -
- - - - <
          \\ - - -

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Branching."

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Synonyms: Branching

Synonyms: branched (adj), ramate (adj), ramose (adj), ramous (adj), fork (n), forking (n), ramification (n). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Branching

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

bisection

Bifurcation, forking, branching, ramification, divarication; fork, prong; fold. half, moiety.

Symmetry

Arborescent, arboriform; dendriform, dendroid; branching; ramous, ramose; filiciform, filicoid; subarborescent; papilionaceous.

Arborescence, branching, ramification; arbor vitae.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Branching

Specialty definitions using "branching": 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzymealphabetic match, alphabetical match, anastomosing stream, anisotomicBellman-Harris process, Brachiocephalic Trunk, braided stream, branching Poisson process, branching processCooper's linesdividing breechingFiloviridae, fishtail structure, Fractalsgame tree, Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System, Glycogen Storage Disease Type IVisotomicloop combinationmultiplicative processprogrammed instruction, programmed learning, pseudotachylyteRCA 1802, Round Dealingspaghetti code, spherocrystal, Staccato Lightning, switched flag, switchpointtemporal logic. (references)
Etymologies containing "branching": Chinquapinharebell. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Branching

DomainTitle

Books

  • Branching Processes (reference)

  • Branching Processes in Biology (reference)

  • Branching Solutions to One-Dimensional Variational Problems (reference)

  • Branching Streams Flow in the Darkness: Zen Talks on the Sandokai (reference)

  • Classical and Modern Branching Processes (Ima Volumes in Mathematics and Its Applications, Vol 84) (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Theater & Movies

  • Branching out On Bluegrass Banjo Vol 2 (reference)

  • David Attenborough's The Private Life of Plants: Branching Out (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Branching

Photos:
Branching

More pictures...

Illustrations:
Branching

More pictures...

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Photo Album: Branching

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Illustration of young mold colony showing branching of hyphae. Credit: CDC.

From this lateral view illustration of the genus Culiseta mosquito we see its thorax and wing, noting the branching pattern of the cross veins branching from 4th wing vein. Credit: CDC.

Branching coral poking up through sands off the Bahamas. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).

  

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Branching

AuthorQuotation

Gerard Manley Hopkins

Towery city and branching between towers; Cuckoo-echoing, bell-swarmed, lark-charmed, rook-racked, river-rounded.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Branching

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

You left it doubtless behind the thicket, down there at the branching of the road.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Branching

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

During an eye examination, the doctor sees these deposits in the stroma as clear, comma-shaped overlapping dots and branching filaments, creating a lattice effect. (references)

Economic History

Hong Kong

Moreover, foreign banks may acquire a controlling interest in a local bank that has unlimited branching rights. (references)

Qatar

The Government of Qatar (GOQ) has yet to promulgate a branching law to allow establishment of a wholly owned branch of a foreign firm in Qatar. (references)

Hong Kong

There are no discriminatory legal constraints to foreign securities firms establishing in Hong Kong via branching, acquisition, or establishing subsidiaries. (references)

Political Economy

HONG KONG

The Hong Kong Monetary Authority has promised to consider further relaxation of this limit in 2001. In the meantime, foreign banks can acquire local banks that have unlimited branching rights. (references)

Trade

Thailand

In addition, restrictions on the operations of foreign banks have also eased over the years although differences between conditions for foreign banks and domestic banks remain . With the exception of restrictions on branching, remaining restrictions do not significantly hamper operations. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Branching

"Branching" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 63.46% of the time. "Branching" is used about 156 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (-ing form)63.46%9932,870
Adjective (general or positive)29.49%4650,285
Noun (singular)6.41%10111,207
Noun (proper)0.64%1339,140
                    Total100.00%156N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expression: Branching

Expressions using "branching": branching factor branching off branching Poisson process branching process. Additional references.

Hypenated Usage

Ending with "branching": non-branching.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Branching

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

net branching

36

mortgage net branching

20

branching out

13

branching shared

3

branching darwins tree

3

branching factor flag restricted variance

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Branching

Language Translations for "branching"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Afrikaan

  

aftakking. (various references)

   

Albanian

  

bronkial (bronchial). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

разклонен (forked, ramified). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

分" (branch, Branched, Branches). (various references)

   

Danish

  

ramifikation (ramification), forgrening (branch, bypass, junction, leg, ramification, side chain, side road, signing intersection), forgrenet (arborescent, branched-chain, dendritic), dendritisk (dendritic), afkviste (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out), afkvase (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out), afgrene (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

vertakking (demerge, diverge, junction, lineage, ramification, roadway junction), snoeien (clip, cut, prune, shear), ramificatio (ramification), ramificatie (ramification), dendritisch (dendritic), aftakking (bough, branch). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

disbranĉigo. (various references)

   

Finnish

  

pystykarsinta (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, pruning, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out), karsinta (elimination, lopping, pruning, trimming), karsiminen (culling, debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, priming, pruning, shragging, side-shoot removal, snedding, thinning out, trimming, trimming out, trimming-out), haarautuminen (lineage, ramification). (various references)

   

French

  

branchement (breakout), ramification (branch), dendritique, écoter, ébrancher, ébranchage. (various references)

   

German

  

verzweigung (branch, fork, ramification). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

κλαδοφυΐα (ramification), αποκλαδώνω (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out), διακλάδωσις (junction, ramification), διακλάδωση (a fork, bifurcation, branch, fork, ramification), δενδριτικός (arborescent, dendritic), δενδροειδής (arborescent). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

"סתעפות (branching off, divergence, ramification). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

elágazó (forked, furcate), elágazás (arm, bifurcation, branch, crotch, derivation, divergence, divergency, fork, intersection, junction, offset, ramification, turnout). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

percabangan (bifurcation, forking). (various references)

   

Italian

  

sramare (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, shragging, snedding, trimming, trimming out), ramoso, ramificazione (antler, ramification), potatura (pruning), dendritico (dendritic), arborescente (arboreous). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

분기 (Divergence, Divergency, Diverging). (various references)

   

Manx

  

stholey (branch, ramification, ramify, shoot of plant, sprout, stool), banglanaghey (branch), banglanagh. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

anchingbray

   

Portuguese

  

ramificação (arm, branch, embrangle, offshoot, ramification), desramação (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, heading, knotting, lopping, pollarding, shragging, snedding, topping, trimming, trimming out, trimming-out), dentrítico (arborescent, dendritic). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

branşament (branch, embranchment, extension, service-pipe), cracã (arm, bough, branch, limb, roost). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

развесистый (patulous, spreading). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

račvast (bifurcate, forked, pronged), račvanje (bifurcation, fork), granat (garnet), grananje (divarication, furcation). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

ramificación (branch, ramification), desrame (debranching, delimbing, disbranching, knotting, lopping, pruning, shragging, snedding, thinning out, trimming, trimming out), derivación (branch, bypass, derivation, shunt, tap), dendrítico (arborescent, dendritic). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

förgrening (branch, fork, ramification). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

dallanma (embranchment, furcation, ramification). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

brigog (flourishing), ceinciog (branched), canghennog. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Branching

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

ramificatio. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Bible Trace: Branching

LanguageDateSourceHosea Chapter 14, Verse 9
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintTw efraim ti autw eti kai eidwloiV egw etapeinwsa auton kai egw katiscusw auton egw wV arkeuqoV pukazousa ex emou o karpoV sou eurhtai
Latin405VulgateEphraim quid mihi ultra idola ego exaudiam et dirigam eum ego ut abietem virentem ex me fructus tuus inventus est
Middle English1395WyclifEffraym, what ouer to me ydolis? Y shal heere hym, and Y shal dresse hym as a beeche wexinge green. Of me thi fruyte is founden.
Jacobean English1611King JamesWho is wise, and he shall understand these things? prudent, and he shall know them? for the ways of the LORD are right, and the just shall walk in them: but the transgressors shall fall therein.
Basic English1964OgdenAs for Ephraim, what has he to do with false gods any longer? I have given an answer and I will keep watch over him; I am like a branching fir-tree, from me comes your fruit.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Branching

LanguageHosea Chapter 14, Verse 9
Chinese誰 是 智 慧 人 、 可 以 明 白 這 些 事 、 誰 是 通 " 人 、 可 以 知 " 這 一 切 . 為 耶 ' 華 的 " 是 正 直 的 、 義 人 必 在 其 中 行 走 、 罪 人 卻 在 其 上 跌 ' 。
CroatianEfrajime, što ti imaš još s kumirima? Ja sam ga uslišao i pogledao. Ja sam poput zelena èempresa: po meni si rodan plodovima.
DanishHvad skal Efraim mere med Afguder? Jeg hører ham, ser ned til ham. Jeg er som en grøn Cypres, du får din Frugt fra mig.
FinnishEfraim! Mitä on minulla enää tekemistä epäjumalien kanssa? Minä kuulen häntä, minä katson hänen puoleensa, minä, joka olen kuin viheriöitsevä kypressi: minusta on sinun hedelmäsi.
FrenchQue celui qui est sage prenne garde ces choses! Que celui qui est intelligent les comprenne! Car les voies de l`Éternel sont droites; Les justes y marcheront, Mais les rebelles y tomberont.
GermanWer ist weise, der dies verstehe, und klug, der dies merke? Denn die Wege des HERRN sind richtig, und die Gerechten wandeln darin; aber die Übertreter fallen darin.
Haitian CreoleSe pou moun ki gen konprann chache konprann sa ki ekri la a. Se pou moun ki gen lespri chache konprann li. Paske chemen Bondye se chemen ki dwat. Moun k'ap viv dapre volonte Bondye ap mache ladan l' san anyen p'ap rive yo. Men, moun ki vire do yo bay Bondye ap bite sou wout la.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaHai Efrayim, apakah lagi perkara-Ku dengan berhala? bahwa Aku meluluskan permintaan doamu dan menilik kepadanya; bahwa Aku ini seperti pohon senobar yang hijau, oleh-Ku juga adalah buah padamu selalu.
ItalianEfraim, che ha ancora in comune con gl'idoli? Io l'esaudisco e veglio su di lui; io sono come un cipresso sempre verde, grazie a me si trova frutto.
MaoriKo wai te mea whakaaro nui hei matau ki enei mea? ko wai te mea tupato e mohiotia ai? tika tonu hoki nga ara a Ihowa, a ka haere te hunga tika i reira, ka taka ia te hunga he i reira.
NorwegianEfra'im! Hvad har jeg mere med avguder å gjøre? Jeg vil bønnhøre ham og se til ham; jeg er som en grønn cypress, det skal vise sig at din frukt kommer fra mig.
PortugueseQuem é sábio, para que entenda estas coisas? prudente, para que as saiba? porque os caminhos do Senhor são retos, e os justos andarão neles; mas os transgressores neles cairão.   
RumanianCine este knyelept, sq ia seama la aceste lucruri! Cine este priceput, sq le knyeleagq! Cqci cqile Domnului sknt drepte; wi cei drepyi umblq pe ele, dar cei rqzvrqtiyi cad pe ele
Spanish¿Quién es sabio para entender estas cosas, y prudente para que las conozca? Ciertamente los caminos de Jehovah son rectos, y los justos andarán por ellos. Pero los rebeldes tropezarán en ellos.
SwedishMen vad har jag då mer att skaffa med avgudarna, du Efraim! Jag själv vill ju giva bönhörelse och se till honom. Ja, lik en grönskande cypress vill jag bliva; hos mig skall finnas frukt att hämta för dig.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Branching

Derivations

Words ending with "branching": rebranching. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Branching" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Banchini, baracchini, Bianchini, branchi, branchnet, Brianchon, frenching, graunching. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Branching"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "branching" (pronounced bra"nkhing)
6-r a" n kh i ngranching.
5-a" n kh i ngstanching.
4-n kh i ngbunching, clinching, crunching, drenching, entrenching, flinching, inching, launching, lunching, lynching, munching, pinching, punching, quenching, retrenching, unflinching, wrenching.
3-kh i ngapproaching, arching, attaching, beaching, belching, bleaching, breaching, broaching, catching, clutching, coaching, crouching, dispatching, ditching, encroaching, enriching, etching, fetching, hatching, hitching, impeaching, itching, latching, leaching, lurching, marching, matching, mulching, overarching, overreaching, patching, pitching, poaching, preaching, reaching, researching, retouching, scorching, scratching, screeching, searching, sketching, slouching, snatching, snitching, squelching, stitching, stretching, switching, teaching, torching, touching, twitching, vouching, watching, witching.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Branching

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-b-c-g-h-i-n-n-r"

-1 letter: ranching.

-2 letters: arching, baching, bracing, chagrin, charing, craning.

-3 letters: aching, arcing, baning, baring, branch, caning, caring, grinch, haring, inarch, racing.

-4 letters: acing, bairn, baric, bhang, birch, brach, brain, bring, cabin, cairn, chain, chair, chang, china, cigar, garni, grain, naric, rabic, ranch.

-5 letters: abri, agin, airn, arch, bach, bang, bani, barn, brag, bran, brig, brin, cain.

 Words containing the letters "a-b-c-g-h-i-n-n-r"
 

+2 letters: rebranching.

 

+3 letters: benchmarking.

 

+4 letters: benchmarkings.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: Branching


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

42 72 61 6E 63 68 69 6E 67

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

-...    .-.    .-    -.    -.-.    ....    ..    -.    --.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000010 01110010 01100001 01101110 01100011 01101000 01101001 01101110 01100111

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#66 &#114 &#97 &#110 &#99 &#104 &#105 &#110 &#103

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0042 0072 0061 006E 0063 0068 0069 006E 0067

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

368467806974758073

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Images: Slideshow
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Quotations: Familiar
8. Quotations: Fiction
9. Quotations: Non-fiction
10. Usage Frequency
11. Expressions
12. Expressions: Internet
13. Translations: Modern
14. Translations: Ancient
15. Bible Trace
16. Derivations
17. Rhymes
18. Anagrams
19. Orthography
20. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

 

 

 

 

Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:
woordeboek, fjalor, ‏معجم, ‏قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary;
definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, ‏الوضوحية في الشيء, ‏حد, ‏تحديد, ‏تعريف, ‏التحديد, ‏الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition;
vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, ‏الألبانية, ‏الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, ‏الصينية, ‏لغة الصين, ‏صيني, ‏الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch;
‏الاسبرانتو لغة دولية, Esperantu, есперанто, 世界语, esperanton, espéranto, εσπεράντο, אספר טו, eszperanto, eszperantó, エスキモー犬 , エスペラント , эсперанто, Eseperano, esperanto, Kiesperanto, าษาที่ประ"ิษฐ์ขึ้นเพื่อใช้เป็น าษากลางในการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งรากศัพท์ส่วนใหญ่, esperanto dili, tiếng etperantô, for esperanto;
Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, ‏اللغة الفنلندية, ‏فنلندية, ‏فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, ‏يهودي, ‏عبري, ‏اليهودية, ‏اللغة العبرية, ‏العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew;
Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, ‏الهنغاري, ‏مجري, ‏هنغاري, ‏المجري, ‏اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian;
Indonesies, indonezian, ‏الماليزي أحد أبناء ماليزيا, ‏اللغة الأندونيسية, Indonesiu, индонезийски език, индонезийски, 印度尼西亚语, 印度尼西亞語 , indonéský, indonéština, indonésan, indoneser, Indonesisch, Indisch, Indonesiër, indonesiskt, indonesialainen, indonésien, Yndonesysk, Indonesier, Ινδονήσιος, indonéz, indonesiano, インドネシア語 , インドネシア", 인도네시아, Indoneesagh, indonésio, indonésia, индонезийский, индонезиец, Indtasisian, indonezijski, indonežanin, indonesio, indones, Indonesyo, endonezya'ya ait, endonezyalı, endonezya dili, endonezya, індонезі"ць, індонезійський, індонезійська мова, індонезійка, người In-ddô-nê-xi-a tiếng In-ddô-nê-xi-a, for Indonesian;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
korean, ‏كوري شمالي, ‏اللغة الكورية, ‏كوري جنوبي, ‏كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean;
gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx;
Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, ‏اللغة البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese;
Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian;
Russies, Rus, ‏الروسية, ‏روسي, ‏اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian;
塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian;
Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, ‏اللغة الأسبانية, ‏الأسبانية, ‏أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish;
Sweeds, suedez, ‏اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish;
Turks, turk, ‏تركي أحد أبناء تركيا, ‏اللغة التركية, Turcu, турски, турски език, Turko, 土耳其, 土耳其語 , tureètina, turecký, turkist, turkkilainen, turque, turc, Turksk, türkisch, τούρκικοσ, טורקי, török, Yn Turkish, Turkagh, turcesc, турецкий, turski jezik, turski, turco, turkisk, türk, türkçe, турецька мова, турецький, tiếng Thổ nhĩ kỳ, for Turkish;
Wallies, i uellsit, gjuha e uellsit, shkel premtimin, populli i uellsit, ik pa paguar, ‏ويلزي, ‏الولزية لغة إقليم ويلز, ‏تهرب من دفع الرهان, не си плащам дълга, измъквам се от задължение, уелски език, уелски, 威"士, 威爾士語 , waleština, waleský, Wels, valisiskt, gallois, walisisch, δεν πληρώνω τα οφειλόμενα, ουάλλοσ, ουαλλικόσ, walesi, Breatnais, gallese, Bretnagh, galês, gallés, limba velşã, din ţara galilor, velş, уэльский, velški jezik, podvaliti, velški, velšanin, galés, walesisk, galler ile ilgili, sözünü tutmamak, gal dili, bahisleri ödemeden kaçmak, şartları yerine getirmemek, ödemeden kaçmak, у"льський, валлійська мова, валлійці, валлійський, не віддати гроші, Cymreig, for Welsh;