BOTTOM SAMPLER

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Preparing spring-loaded bottom sampler to determine sediment characteristics. Credit: Fisheries.		Figure 49. An Ekman bottom sampler for use in zoological sampling operations. This instrument was capable of acquiring a sample from a surface area covering 500 sq cm. This device was designed by Dr. Sven Ekman of Jonkoping, Sweden in 1910. This sampler was spring-loaded and snapped shut to acquire mud and silt. Although tested in a lake, it was equally useful in the sea. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.
	Figure 51. A Birge-Ekman bottom sampling device. This sampler was described by by the American limnologist Edward Birge in 1921 and used in lacustrine studies . Top: open. Bottom: closed. This instrument was very similar to the Ekman bottom sampler. Only the closing device was different. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.		Figure 52. Knudsen bottom sampler designed by Martin Knudsen, a professor at the University of Copenhagen. This machine was meant to improve the sampling ability of the Petersen sampling device in more compact sediment layers. It was tested in the Oresund between Denmark and Sweden off the DANA in 11 meters of water in 1926. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Anagrams: BOTTOM SAMPLER

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-b-e-l-m-m-o-o-p-r-s-t-t"
	-3 letters: blastopore, postmortem, promotable.
	-4 letters: amorettos, boltropes, bootstrap, bottomers, maelstrom, palmettos, portables, roommates, spottable, stateroom, tabletops, temporals.
	-5 letters: abettors, amoretto, barstool, battlers, blatters, bloaters, bloomers, bloopers, blotters, boltrope, boomlets, bottlers, bottomer, brattles, bromates, lamberts, maltster, marmoset, marplots, martlets, matelots, mottlers, paletots, palmetto, partlets, petrosal, platters, plotters, polestar, portable, postoral, potables, potatoes, prattles, probates, problems.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Alternative Orthography: BOTTOM SAMPLER

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

HTML Code (1990) (references)

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Domain	Definition
Mining	One of various types of apparatus capable of piercing the sea bottom andretaining a sample of the deposit when brought to the surface. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Specialty Definition: BOTTOM SAMPLER