Biochemistry

Definition: Biochemistry

Biochemistry

Noun

1. The organic chemistry of compounds and processes occuring in organisms.

Date "biochemistry" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references)

Etymology: Biochemistry \Bi`o*chem"is*try\, noun. [Greek expression life English chemistry.]. (Websters 1913)

Specialty Definitions: Biochemistry

Domain	Definitions
Aerospace	Chemistry dealing with the chemical processes and compounds of living organisms. (references)
Chemistry	The chemistry of living organisms and of the chemical changes occurring therein. Source: European Union. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Biochemistry

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Biochemistry is the study of the chemical reactions and interactions that take place in living organisms, especially the structure and function of their components, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules present in cellss.

Biochemistry could also (now) be defined as being the chemistry of enzyme-mediated reactions, whether in vivo or in the test tube, with natural or artificially modified enzymes and other chemicals.

Development of biochemistry

The dawn of biochemistry may have been the discovery of the first enzyme, diastase, in 1833 by Anselme Payen. In 1828, Friedrich Wöhler published a paper about the synthesis of urea, proving that organic compounds can be created artificially, in contrast to the common belief of the time that organic compounds can only be made by living organisms. Since then, biochemistry has advanced, especially since the mid-20th century, with the development of new techniques such as chromatography, X-ray diffraction, NMR, radioisotopic labelling, electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. These techniques allowed for the discovery and detailed analysis of many molecules and metabolic pathways of the cell, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Today, the findings of biochemistry are used in many areas, from genetics to molecular biology and from agriculture to medicine. The first application of biochemistry was probably the making of bread using yeast, about 5000 years ago.

English words defined with "biochemistry": biochemical, biochemically, biochemist ♦ enzymology ♦ transcribe ♦ Zoochemistry. (references)

Specialty definitions using "biochemistry": BIOCHEMISTRY TECHNOLOGIST, Biological Sciences ♦ crime laboratory analyst ♦ Ethidium, Evolution, Chemical ♦ Fluorescent Dyes ♦ life sciences ♦ Neurosciences ♦ Pactamycin, Pancreatic Function Tests, police chemis ♦ Toyocamycin. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Biochemistry

Domain	Title
Books	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of Plants (reference) Harper's Biochemistry (reference) Natural Relief from Tinnitus: Latest Discoveries in the Biochemistry of Hearing-New Help for Ear Problems (reference) Schaum's Outline of Biochemistry (reference) Textbook of Biochemistry With Clinical Correlations (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Annals Of Clinical Biochemistry (reference) Annual Review Of Biochemistry (reference) Biochemistry (reference) Bioscience Biotechnology And Biochemistry (reference) Clinical Biochemistry (reference) (more periodical examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Biochemistry

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Photo Album: Biochemistry

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	1) A temporary administration building for M.D. Anderson was set up in 1940 in this converted residence known as "the oaks" on the former Baker Estate near downtown Houston. 2) biochemistry and biology laboratories were set up in late 1942 by five scientists using this one-time stable and carriage house on the old Baker Estate. The first patients were seen in other converted residential quarters starting in March, 1944. 3) the permanent home for University of Texas M.D. Anderson hospital began taking shape in the early 1950s in the newly designated Texas Medical Center, which only a few years earlier had been "way out in the woods". 4) M.D. Anderson's first seven-story structure was opened for patient care on March 19, 1954. This initial building contained 310 beds, which were phased into use over a five-year period, along with facilities for cancer research and educational activities.Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.		Cytologist William Wergin (left) and zoologist David Chitwood focus on Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode species that is serving as a model for studying the biochemistry of soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes. P.Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Keith Weller..
	[Enzyme studies in a laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry at Duke University] p.Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by Sam Silverman..
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Biochemistry

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Enzymes are classified according to the recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry. (references)
		MRI scans use magnetic fields and radio waves to produce an image that provides information about the structure and biochemistry of the brain. (references)
		The centers encourage close coordination among scientists studying basic and clinical immunology, genetics, biochemistry, pharmacology, and environmental science. (references)
Business		Biochemistry is in a considerably better position, since during the last 10 years about 5,000 automated analyzers have been purchased or leased. (references)
		The International Culture Park City Project will create a new city that will include cultural, academic and R&D facilities for life sciences and biochemistry, to be completed in the early 21st century. (references)
		The biochemistry market is developing at a rapid pace. Hematology analyzers and reagents have good prospects for the next years, and there will be a very significant development for the bacteriology automated instruments (there are only several French bioMerieux automata instruments on a market that requires at least 100 such units). (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Biochemistry

"Biochemistry" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Biochemistry" is used about 191 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	100%	191	22,216

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Biochemistry

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
biochemistry	483	biochemistry nickel nutrition	6
biochemistry journal	42	biochemistry exam	6
analytical biochemistry	22	career in biochemistry	6
biochemistry and molecular biology	15	biochemistry help	6
biochemistry job	14	biochemistry bioscience biotechnology	6
analyzer biochemistry	12	biochemistry diagnostics	6
biochemistry note	12	biochemistry textbook	6
biochemistry european journal	11	biochemistry definition	5
biochemistry tutorial	11	acid amino biochemistry	5
biochemistry career	9	biochemistry major	5
medical biochemistry	9	biochemistry book	5
applied biochemistry biotechnology	9	food biochemistry	5
biochemistry course online	9	biochemistry cell biology	5
biochemistry online	9	molecular and cellular biochemistry	5
journal of cellular biochemistry	9	arizona biochemistry resume	5
biochemistry dictionary	8	biochemistry memory	5
biochemistry enzymes	8	biochemistry lab	4
annual review of biochemistry	7	harper biochemistry	4
clinical biochemistry	7	protein biochemistry	4
archive of biochemistry and biophysics	7	biochemistry biology soil	4
		organic biochemistry	4
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Biochemistry

Language		Translations for "biochemistry"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		biokimi. (various references)

Arabic		‏كيمياء حيوية, ‏كيمياء تعنى بدراسة المركبات الكيميائية. (various references)

Bulgarian		биохимия. (various references)

Chinese		�"�化. (various references)

Czech		biochemie. (various references)

Danish		biokemi (chemical pathology, physiochemistry, Schueszler biochemistry), Schuessler's biokemi (Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

Dutch		biochemie (Schueszler biochemistry), fysiologische chemie. (various references)

Farsi		زیست شیمی . (various references)

Finnish		biokemia. (various references)

French		biochimie (Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

German		Biochemie (chemical pathology, Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

Greek		βιοχημεία (chemical pathology, physiochemistry, Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

Hebrew		ביוכימי�". (various references)

Hungarian		biokémia, életvegytan. (various references)

Indonesian		biokimia. (various references)

Italian		biochimica (chemical pathology, physiochemistry). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		�"�化学 . (various references)

Japanese Katakana		せいかがく (sexology). (various references)

Korean		생�"학. (various references)

Pig Latin		iochemistrybay

Portuguese		bioquímica (chemical pathology, Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

Romanian		biochimie. (various references)

Russian		биохимия. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		biohemija. (various references)

Spanish		bioquímica (Schueszler biochemistry). (various references)

Swedish		biokemi. (various references)

Thai		ชีวเคมี. (various references)

Turkish		biokimya. (various references)

Ukranian		біохімія. (various references)

Vietnamese		hoá sinh. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Misspellings: Biochemistry

Misspellings
	"Biochemistry" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: biochemestry. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Biochemistry"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "biochemistry" (pronounced bī'ōke"mustrē)
9	-ō k e" m u s t r ē	geochemistry.
8	-k e" m u s t r ē	chemistry.
6	-m u s t r ē	palmistry.
5	-u s t r ē	artistry, baptistery, dentistry, forestry, industry, ministry, registry, tapestry.
4	-s t r ē	ancestry, Maestri, pastry.
3	-t r ē	asymmetry, banditry, basketry, bigotry, cabinetry, carpentry, circuitry, complementary, country, dissymmetry, elementary, entry, gadgetry, gallantry, gantry, gentry, geometry, helotry, idolatry, infantry, mitre, optometry, pageantry, paltry, pantry, peasantry, pedantry, pleasantry, poetry, poultry, psychiatry, punditry, puppetry, reentry, rocketry, sentry, spectrometry, sultry, summitry, symmetry, telemetry, toiletry, wintry, zealotry.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Biochemistry

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "b-c-e-h-i-i-m-o-r-s-t-y"
	-2 letters: biochemist, biometrics.
	-3 letters: bioethics, biometric, chemisorb, chemistry, chromites, eroticism, isometric, symbiotic, trichomes.
	-4 letters: besmirch, bichrome, bioethic, bioherms, biometry, biotechs, bisector, bistroic, bitchery, bitchier, botchers, botchery, botchier, brioches, britches, christie, chromite, comities, hermitic, historic, hysteric, isocheim, isochime, isomeric, isometry, isotherm, meristic, microbes, mortices, orchitis, rimosity, scimiter, semiotic, smithery, smothery, sobriety, symbiote, trichome, trisemic, trisomic.
	Words containing the letters "b-c-e-h-i-i-m-o-r-s-t-y"
	+3 letters: biogeochemistry.
	+5 letters: comprehensibility.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.