Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Battle |
BattleNoun1. A hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; "Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga"; "he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement". 2. An energetic attempt to achieve something; "getting through the crowd was a real struggle"; "he fought a battle for recognition". 3. An open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals); "the harder the conflict the more glorious the triumph"--Thomas Paine; "police tried to control the battle between the pro- and anti-abortion mobs". Verb1. Battle or contend against in or as if in a battle; "The Kurds are combating Iraqi troops in Nothern Iraq"; "We must combat the prejudices against other races"; "they battled over the budget". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "battle" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Satire | BATTLE, n. A method of untying with the teeth of a political knot that would not yield to the tongue. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | Battle signifies striving with difficulties, but a final victory over the same. If you are defeated in battle, it denotes that bad deals made by others will mar your prospects for good. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Literature | Battle Professor Creasy says there are fifteen decisive battles; that is, battles which have decided some political change: B.C. 490, Marathon, 413, Syracuse; 331, Arbela; 207, Metaurus; the defeat of the Romans by Varus, 9; Chalons, A.D. 451; Tours, 732; Hastings, 1066; Joan of Arc's victory at Orléans, 1429; the Armada, 1588; Blenheim, 1704; Pultow'a, 1709, Saratoga, 1777, Valmy, 1792; and Waterloo, 1815. See also Fifteen Decisive Battles. Battle royal. A certain number of cocks, say sixteen, are pitted together; the eight victors are then pitted, then the four, and last of all the two; and the winner is victor of the battle royal. Metaphorically, the term is applied to chess, etc. Battle scenes. Le Clerc could arrange on a small piece of paper not larger than one's hand an army of 20,000 men. The Battle-painter or Delle Battaglie. (See Michael Angelo.) Battle of the Books. A satire, by Dean Swift, on the contention among literary men whether ancient or modern authors were the better. In the battle the ancient books fight against the modern books in St. James's Library. Battle of the Giants; i.e. the battle of Marignan (Ma-rin-yan') in 1515, when Francois I. won a complete victory over 12,000 Swiss, allies of the Milanese. Battle of the Herrings, in 1429. A sortie made by the men of Orléns, during the siege of their city, to intercept a supply of salt herrings sent to the besiegers. Battle of the Moat. A skirmish or battle between Mahomet and Abu Sofian (chief of the Koreishites) before Medina; so called because the "prophet" had a moat dug before the city to keep off the invaders; and in the moat much of the fighting took place. Battle of the Standard, in 1138, when the English overthrew the Scotch, at Northallerton, in Yorkshire. The standard was a high crucifix borne by the English on a wagon. Battle of the Spurs (1302), in which the allied citizens of Ghent and Bruges won a famous victory over the chivalry of France under the walls of Courtray. After the battle more than 700 gilt spurs (worn by French nobles) were gathered from the field. In English history the Battle of Guinegate (1513) is so called, "because the French spurred their horses to flight, almost as soon as they came in sight of the English troops." A close battle. A naval fight at "close quarters," in which opposing ships engage each other side by side. A line of battle. The position of troops drawn up in battle array. At sea, the arrangement formed by ships in a naval engagement. A line-of-battle ship is a ship fit to take part in a main attack. Frigates do not join in a general engagement. A pitched battle. A battle which has been planned, and the ground pitched on or chosen beforehand, by both sides. Half the battle. Half determines the battle. Thus, "The first stroke is half the battle," that is, the way in which the battle is begun half determines what the end will be. Trial by battle. The submission of a legal suit to a combat between the litigants, under the notion that God would defend the right. It was legal in England till the nineteenth century. Wager of Battle. One of the forms of ordeal or appeal to the judgment of God, in the old Norman courts of the kingdom. It consisted of a personal combat between the plaintiff and the defendant, in the presence of the court itself. Abolished by 59 Geo. III. c. 46. Battle (Sarah), who considered whist the business of life and literature one of the relaxations. When a young gentleman, of a literary turn, said to her he had no objection to unbend his mind for a little time by taking a hand with her, Sarah was indignant, and declared it worse than sacrilege to speak thus of her noble occupation. Whist "was her life business; her duty; the thing she came into the world to do, and she did it. She unbent her mind afterwards over a book." (C. Lamb: Elia.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A battle is generally an instance of armed violence wherein one group will seek to defeat another. Battles are most often fought as parts of war. Battles may be small scale, only involving a handful of individuals or perhaps two squads, up to battles on army levels where tens of thousands may be engaged in the battle at the same time. A battle is most often deemed a win when the opposing party has surrendered, been dispersed, successfully retreated or been utterly destroyed.
See also military tactics, combat, warfare, list of battles
Battle is also the name of the town in East Sussex, England, where William I, also known as William of Normandy, defeated Harold II of England in 1066 in the Battle of Hastings.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Battle."
Synonyms: BattleSynonyms: conflict (n), engagement (n), fight (n), struggle (n), combat (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Contention | Conflict, skirmish; rencounter, encounter; rencontre, collision, affair, brush, fight; battle, battle royal; combat, action, engagement, joust, tournament; tilt, tilting; tournay, list; pitched battle. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | The battle of Helm's Deep is over. (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; writing credit: Frances Walsh) The technical readouts of that battle station. (Star Wars; writing credit: George Lucas) But I'm not beaten yet. You've won the battle, but I'm about to win the wardrobe. (101 Dalmatians; writing credit: John Hughes) Robin! You lost your arm in battle, but you grew yourself a nice set of boobs! (Robin Hood: Men in Tights; writing credit: Mel Brooks, J. David Shapiro) Why is it that if a man kills another man in battle it's called heroic, yet if he kills a man in the heat of passion it's called murder. (Wayne's World; writing credit: Mike Myers) | |
Lyrics | There's a battle outside and it's raging ("The Times They Are A-Changin'"; performing artist: Bob Dylan) There's battle lines being drawn ("For What It's Worth"; performing artist: Buffalo Springfield) | |
Clever | I refuse to engage in an intellectual battle with an unarmed man. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Battle for the Planet of the Apes (1973) The Battle of Kerzhenets (1971) Cattle Battle (1971) Battle of Britain (1969) | |
Song Titles | Battle of Kookamonga (performing artist: Homer and Jethro) Battle Hymn of the Republic (performing artist: Marilyn Horne) Battle Of New Orleans (performing artist: Johnny Horton) Battle of Evermore, The (performing artist: Led Zeppelin) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is page 2 of the newspaper Washington Post on August 6, 1937 just after President Roosevelt signed a bill to authorize the erection of the National Cancer Institute, with Dr. Carl Voegtlin as the Chief. Shown are photos of Drs. Carl Voegtlin, R. H. Fitch, Herbert Kaher and Thomas Parran (Surgeon General). Shown is "'Conquer Cancer' Adopted as Battle Cry of the Public Health Service.".Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | "Malmedy Massacre" - approximately 70 members of Battery B killed after captured Fair J. Bryant was travelling with Battery A of 285th at time of massacre Occurred at beginning of Battle of the Bulge.Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Artillery survey crew of 10th Marines with 3 captured Japanese battle flags Survey crew caught in middle of huge Japanese banzai charge at Battle of Saipan Robert A. Earle, in center front, commanding officer of survey crew.Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | The strike. A turn of the century recreational fisherman begins the battle. In: "Sport Fishing in California and Florida," by Charles F. Holder. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, Vol. XXVIII 1908, Part I, p. 207, Plate I.Credit: Fisheries. |
 | A vertical slotted weir at Coleman National Fish Hatchery. The hatchery on Battle Creek ladder opened March through July 1994.Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Maj. Rob Landers, National Missile Defense Operation Test Agency mission director for Battle Planning Exercise 00-4, points out information on the NMD Automated Battle Manager for Canadian Forces Maj. Gen. David Bartram, NORAD's director of operations. (C. |
 | Chief Master Sgt. of the Air Force Jim Finch stands before the casket of Medal of Honor recipient John L. Levitow, Nov. 17, at Arlington National Cemetery, Washington. Levitow died Nov. 8 at his home in Connecticut after a lengthy battle with cancer. (Pho. |  | East Fork Owyhee one mile east of Battle CreekArcheologyLSRDLower Snake River District.Credit: W. Meyer. |
 | Rocky Hills HMA, southeast of Battle Mountain, Nevada.Credit: Unknown. |  | "SP4 Ruediger Richter (Columbus, Georgia), 4th Bn., 503 Inf., 173 Abn Bde (Separate), lifts his battle weary eyes to the heavens, as if to ask why? SGT. Daniel E. Spencer (Bend, Oregon) stares down at their fallen comrade. The day's battle ended, they silently await the helicopter which will evacuate their comrade from the jungle covered hills in Long Khanh Province." By Pfc. L. Paul Epley, 1966.Credit: National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Play | Caption |
 | Charge!; bugle; racing; sporting event; baseball; track; horse race; battle. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Arthur Wellesley | I recommend you to leave the battle of Waterloo as it is. |
| The next dreadful thing to a battle lost is a battle won. | |
John Enoch Powell | No battle is worth fighting except the last one. |
John Greenleaf Whittier | Peace hath higher tests of manhood than battle ever knew. |
Margaret Thatcher | You may have to fight a battle more than once to win it. |
Philo | Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle. |
Thomas Carlyle | What is philosophy but a continual battle against custom? |
Titus Maccius Plautus | Courage in danger is half the battle. |
Voltaire | My life is a battle. |
Wendell Phillips | Christianity is a battle not a dream. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | A literary battle alone remained possible. (reference) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961 | Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need--not as a call to battle, though embattled we are --but as a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation"--a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Path of Roses | Carroll, Lewis | Beneath, around, and far as eye could see, Squadron on squadron, stretched opposing hosts, Ranked as for battle, mute and motionless. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Napoleon, turning abruptly, sent off a courier at full speed to Paris to announce that the battle was won. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | They thought he would say the day he won some great battle or the day he was made an emperor. |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | While we reason here A royal battle might be won and lost. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Over the men came a fury of work, a fury of battle. |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | And therefore in recounting the numbers of those who have been killed in battle, I cannot but think that you have said the thing which is not. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Scientists believe that in the original battle with the chickenpox virus some of the virus particles leave the skin blisters and move into the nervous system. (references) | |
Modern methods of treatment have improved greatly the outlook for patients having heart attacks, but major progress in our battle against this number one killer must rest on finding preventive measures. (references) | ||
The pace of the battle accelerated rapidly when the insecticide DDT and the drug chloroquine were introduced during World War II. DDT was remarkably effective and could be sprayed on the walls of houses where adult Anopheles mosquitoes alight and rest after feeding. (references) | ||
Business | Thus they face an uphill battle for the Canadian market. (references) | |
The United States dispatched two aircraft carrier battle groups to the region. (references) | ||
End user-organizations in the IT industry battle to identify and hire the best workers. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Turkmenistan | In April a Pentecostal pastor lost his court battle against eviction from the house in which he held religious services. (references) |
Belarus | At year's end, the Pentecostal church was fighting a court battle to overturn the denial of the Ukrainian pastor's permission to preach. (references) | |
Israel and the occupied territories | A group of more than 100 Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform women continued a long legal battle to hold women's prayer services at the Western Wall. (references) | |
Economic History | Hungary | The ensuing battle quickly grew into a massive popular uprising. (references) |
Dominica | In addition, the United States and Dominica work together in the battle against illegal drugs. (references) | |
Sudan | The Sudanese Government did not sign the DOP until 1997 after major battle field losses to the SPLA. (references) | |
Human Rights | Bangladesh | On August 16, 2000, 2 ruling party factions fought a gun battle in Sylhet Division, injuring some 50 persons. (references) |
Venezuela | In March a gun battle between rival gangs in the El Rodeo Prison in Miranda state left 2 prisoners dead and 41 wounded. (references) | |
Gambia | Sanneh spent 10 months in remand at the Mile 2 central prison following a protracted legal battle that started in May 2000 at the High Court. (references) | |
Minorities | Cote d'Ivoire | This battle for church leadership at the national level led to violent confrontations between church members at the local level. (references) |
Political Economy | Sudan | The Government does not fully apply the laws of war, and Government forces routinely kill rebel soldiers captured in battle. (references) |
Algeria | Most such cases were committed against suspected members of armed groups in the context of the Government's continued battle with terrorism. (references) | |
Political Rights | Guinea-Bissau | A week later, Mane was killed in a gun battle with military forces. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | VANITY, n. The tribute of a fool to the worth of the nearest ass. They say that hens do cackle loudest when There's nothing vital in the eggs they've laid; And there are hens, professing to have made A study of mankind, who say that men Whose business 'tis to drive the tongue or pen Make the most clamorous fanfaronade O'er their most worthless work; and I'm afraid They're not entirely different from the hen. Lo! the drum-major in his coat of gold, His blazing breeches and high-towering cap -- Imperiously pompous, grandly bold, Grim, resolute, an awe-inspiring chap! Who'd think this gorgeous creature's only virtue Is that in battle he will never hurt you? Hannibal Hunsiker |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Al Hunt | Bob, Chairman Graham offered a very measured and long-term battle against the axis of evil. And I'll tell you, he does not think any action against Iraq will be a cakewalk, quite the contrary. |
Dan Rather | The marines' battle cry, their creed, is be quick and be deadly and that is why the corps is expected to be among the first to sweep deep into Iraq. |
Margaret Thatcher | Look, this was a remarkable thing. A prime minister never expects to send people into battle. I was agonized over it. But you couldn't leave our people captive of a military junta of the Argentine. |
Rush Limbaugh | Cut the Taxes for People Who Pay: The political battle over the tax cut plan has centered on charges that it tilts too heavily in favor of upper-income taxpayers. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | The Nation owes them its unstinting support while the battle continues-and its enduring gratitude when their service is done. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | None of our sons are fighting and dying in battle anywhere in the world. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | That review provides excellent guidance for the work remaining in our battle against sex discrimination. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Forty summers have passed since the battle that you fought here. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | Let me add that Private Markwell was among the first to see battle in Panama, and among the first to fall. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Tonight I ask that he lead our nation's battle against drugs at home and abroad. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Sending Americans into battle is the most profound decision a President can make. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Battle" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 95.11% of the time. "Battle" is used about 6,439 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 95.11% | 6,125 | 1,591 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 3.18% | 205 | 21,272 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.12% | 72 | 39,377 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.59% | 38 | 55,818 |
| Total | 100.00% | 6,439 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "battle" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Battle | Last name | 15,000 | 801 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "battle". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Lysimachus | N/A | Biblical | Scattering the battle |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
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| Country | Name |
| USA | Battle Mountain Gold Company |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "battle": a battle of wits ♦ airland battle ♦ battle against ♦ battle area ♦ battle array ♦ battle axe ♦ battle Born State ♦ battle casualty ♦ battle combat ♦ battle Creek ♦ battle cruiser ♦ battle cry ♦ battle damage ♦ battle damage repair ♦ battle dress ♦ battle drill ♦ battle fatigue ♦ battle field ♦ battle flag ♦ battle fleet ♦ battle for ♦ battle for one's rights ♦ battle for smth. ♦ battle formation ♦ battle front ♦ battle Ground ♦ battle group ♦ battle Lake ♦ battle line ♦ battle Mountain ♦ battle noise ♦ battle of Atlanta ♦ battle of Austerlitz ♦ battle of Boyne ♦ battle of Britain ♦ battle of Brunanburh ♦ battle of Bunker Hill ♦ battle of Cannae ♦ battle of Caporetto ♦ battle of Chattanooga ♦ battle of Chickamauga ♦ battle of Cowpens ♦ battle of Crecy ♦ battle of Cunaxa ♦ battle of Cynoscephalae ♦ battle of El Alamein ♦ battle of Flodden Field ♦ battle of Fontenoy ♦ battle of Fredericksburg ♦ battle of Gettysburg ♦ battle of Granicus River ♦ battle of Guadalcanal ♦ battle of hastings ♦ battle of Hohenlinden ♦ battle of Ipsus ♦ battle of Issus ♦ battle of Ivry ♦ battle of Jena ♦ battle of Jutland ♦ battle of Lake Trasimenus ♦ battle of Langside ♦ battle of Lepanto ♦ battle of Leuctra ♦ battle of life ♦ battle of Little Bighorn ♦ battle of Lule Burgas ♦ battle of Lutzen ♦ battle of Magenta ♦ battle of Maldon ♦ battle of Marathon ♦ battle of Marston Moor ♦ battle of Midway ♦ battle of Minden ♦ battle of Monmouth Court House ♦ battle of Naseby ♦ battle of Navarino ♦ battle of Omdurman ♦ battle of Panipat ♦ battle of Pharsalus ♦ battle of Philippi ♦ battle of Pittsburgh Landing ♦ battle of Plassey ♦ battle of Plataea ♦ battle of Poitiers ♦ battle of Pydna ♦ battle of Ravenna ♦ battle of Rocroi ♦ battle of Rossbach ♦ battle of Saratoga ♦ battle of Sempatch ♦ battle of shiloh ♦ battle of Solferino ♦ battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse ♦ battle of St Mihiel ♦ battle of Tannenberg ♦ battle of Tertry ♦ battle of Teutoburger Wald ♦ battle of Tewkesbury ♦ battle of the Aisne ♦ battle of the Ardennes Bulge ♦ battle of the Bismarck Sea. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "battle": Battle-ax, Battle-axe, battle-barge, Battle-bow, battle-car, battle-charred, battle-colours, battle-cries, battle-cruiser, battle-cruisers, battle-cry, battle-damage, battle-dress, battle-excitement, battle-fatigue, battle-fervour, battle-field, battle-fleet, battle-frenzied, battle-front, battle-gear, battle-gleam, battle-grey, battle-ground, battle-grounds, battle-groups, battle-hardened, battle-hosted, battle-line, battle-lines, battle-lust, battle-management, battle-monastery, battle-of-the-maps, battle-plan, battle-plans, battle-poem, battle-practice, battle-prayers, battle-prowess, battle-readiness, battle-robots, battle-scared, battle-scarred, battle-scarred scarred, battle-scars, battle-ship, battle-shy, battle-spells, battle-squadrons, battle-standards, battle-stations, battle-sub, battle-tactics, battle-tank, battle-torn, battle-towers, battle-training, battle-tried, battle-wagons, battle-weary, battle-winning, battle-worthiness, battle-worthy, battle-zone. | |
Ending with "battle": gun-battle, sea-battle. | |
Containing "battle": non-battle casualty. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
battle creek michigan | 1,238 |
battle star galactica | 1,066 |
battle of gettysburg | 738 |
battle | 643 |
battle tech | 524 |
freestyle battle | 512 |
battle chess | 499 |
sonic adventure 2 battle | 498 |
civil war battle | 486 |
battle of the bulge | 448 |
battle of britain | 424 |
battle realm | 393 |
battle of midway | 388 |
battle royale | 382 |
ogre battle | 353 |
battle rap | 345 |
battle hymn of the republic | 311 |
battle man mega network rom | 305 |
battle creek enquirer | 251 |
battle tank | 240 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "battle"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | geveg (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | betejë (combat, engagement, fight, fighting, warfare), luftim (action, combat, correction, engagement, fight, fighting, set to, skirmish, strife, warfare), luftë (conflict, contention, contest, shooting war, struggle, war), lufta (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | كافح (combat, contend, contend against, control, fight, hustle, militate, strike, strive, struggle, wrestle), موقعة (combat), معركة (action, clash, combat, conflict, encounter, engagement, fighting, fray), قتال (arms, bout, combat, conflict, hassle, hostilities, warfare), قاتل (assassin, combat, deadly, engage, fight, killer, lethal, manslayer, murdered, murderer, murderous, vital, war), وغى (fight, war), تعارف (become acquainted, combat, introduce oneself), عراك (affray, brawl, fight, melee, quarrel, ruck, scuffle, slugfest). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | борба (combat, conflict, contest, ding-dong, fight, fighting, grapple, strife, striving, struggle, war, warfare, wrestle, wrestling), бой (action, doing, drubbing, fight, hiding, lashing, leathering, licking, lump, punishment, rough and tumble, rough up, thrashing, towelling, trimming, turnup, tussle, walloping, warming, whaling), битка (combat, fight), победа (coup, defeat, victory, winning). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Catalan | batalla (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 鬥爭 (fight, struggle), 争斗, 戰 (fight, to fight, war), 仗 . (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Czech | bitva (action, encounter, engagement, fray), zápas (agony, bout, contest, encounter, fight, game, match, struggle, tussle, wrestle, wrestling). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Danish | slag (action, blow, break, breed, buffet, buffeting, cape, fight, fissure, flank, impact, outward stroke, scuffle, shock, stroke, struggle, tensor fasciae latae, traverse), kamp (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | treffen (accomplish, achieve, action, affect, agitate, attain, catch, come across, encounter, fight, find, get, hit, meet, move, reach, run across, scuffle, see, strike, struggle), slag (accomplishment, action, agony, block, blow, break, breed, expertness, field, fight, grasp, impact, kind, knock, lay, movement, plot, reversing dog, scuffle, shock, skilfulness, skill, skillfulness, snare, sort, spinning, stroke, struggle, surge pressure, trap, travel, traverse, trip dog, trip-over stop, turn, water hammer), kamp (action, camp of tents, camping ground, camping site, fight, scuffle, struggle, tented camp), gevecht (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | batalo (scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | bardagi (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | پیکار (Combat, Toil), مبارزه (Champion), نزاع (Affray, Contention, Discord, Dispute, Fray, Quarrel, Scrap, Scuffle, Spar, Squeal, Strife, Tousle, War, Warfare, Wrangle), نبرد (Combat, Conflict, Fray), ستیز (Combat, Struggle, Toil, Warfare), زدوخورد (Combat, Medley, Skirmish, Tilt, Warfare), جنگ کردن (Fray, War), جنگ (Anthology, Scrap, War, Warfare), جدال (Controversy), رزم (Combat, War). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | taistelu (action, fight, struggle), taistella (contend, fight, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
French | combat, bataille. (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | striid (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), fjochtsjen (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
German | Schlacht (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), kampf (action, bout, campaign, combat, contest, encounter, engagement, fight, fighting, fray, match, scuffle, struggle, tussle), sich schlagen (brawl, duel, fight, find, hit oneself, to battle, to fight a duel), kämpfen (attack, brawl, campaign, combat, contend, fight, fray, grapple, push, skirmish, strive, struggle, to battle, to brawl, to combat, to fight, to tussle, tussle), gefecht (encounter, engagement, fighting, skirmish, stand). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Greek | μάχη (action, combat, fight). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Hawaiian | lufta (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מלחמ" (combat, fight, war, warfare), ל"לחם (combat, fight, war), קרבי (combat, fighting), קרב (combat, conflict, encounter, fight, match, war). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | csata (action, combat, engagement, fray, set-to), ütközet (action, combat, engagement, fight, operation). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Icelandic | slagsmál (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | berjuang, pertempuran (combat, conflict), peperangan (warfare), melawan (contra, militate, resist). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Irish | cath. (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Italian | battaglia (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), combattimento (action, cobat, combat, encounter, fight, fray, struggle, wrestling). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 軍 (army, campaign, fight, force, troops, war), 闘い (conflict, fight, struggle), 交戦 (hostilities, war), "防戦 , 戦闘 (combat, fight), 戦い (conflict, fight, struggle), 戦 (campaign, fight, war), 役 (campaign, position, role, service, use, war), 会戦 (engagement), 合戦 (engagement). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | たたかい (conflict, fight, struggle), せ"とう (bath-house, combat, cusp, fight, first, head, lead, pinnacle, point, pointed end, public bath, punch, scissors, ship's lamp, spire, starting pitcher, steeple, trampling down, vanguard), かっせ" (engagement, faucet, hot line, live wire, secant, valve), かいせ" (cargo vessel, circuit, convolution, engagement, game, itch, lighter, line, mange, match, naval battle, outbreak of war, re-election, revolution, rotation, scabies, starting a war), いくさ (campaign, fight, war), "うぼうせ", "うせ" (beam, belligerence, brokerage, college, commission, factory boat, floating cannery, hostilities, light ray, oral statement, public election, resistance, steel wire, underground spring, war, well), えき (advantage, being beneficial, benefit, campaign, divination, fluid, fortune-telling, gain, large, liquid, profit, station, use, war). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 투 (Combat, fight, fighting). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Manx | cah (military action), caggey (campaign, clash, combat, fight, scrap, war), caggee (gladiatorial). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian | slagsmål (action, brawl, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | bringamentu (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), bataya (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), peleya (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), pelea (action, fight, scuffle, struggle). (various references) | |||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | attlebay batalha (action, discussion, encounter, engagement, field, scuffle, struggle, war). (various references) bãtãlie (action, combat, engagement, field, fight, show), luptå (action, fight, scuffle, struggle), luptã (action, affair, combat, contest, efforts, encounter, engagement, fight, fighting, match, mix up, quarrel, Stour, strife, striving, struggle, war, warfare). (various references) |
