Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Bat |
BatNoun1. Nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate. 2. A turn batting (in baseball); "he was at bat when it happened" or "he got 4 hits in 4 at-bats". 3. A small racket with a long handle used for playing squash. 4. A bat used in playing cricket. 5. A club used for hitting a ball in various games. Verb1. Strike with, or as if with a baseball bat; "bat the ball". 2. Wink briefly; "bat one's eyelids". 3. Have a turn at bat; "Jones bats first, followed by Martinez". 4. Use a bat; "Who's batting?". 5. Beat thoroughly in a competition or fight; "We licked the other team on Sunday!". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "bat" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
19th Century Satire | Senior partner of Bat, Ball & Co., and never found without the rest of the firm, as it takes several high-balls to make one short bat. Source: Foolish Dictionary, 1904. |
Agriculture | Best available technology. (references) |
Bible | Bat The Hebrew word (atalleph') so rendered (Lev. 11:19; Deut. 14:18) implies "flying in the dark." The bat is reckoned among the birds in the list of unclean animals. To cast idols to the "moles and to the bats" means to carry them into dark caverns or desolate places to which these animals resort (Isa. 2:20), i.e., to consign them to desolation or ruin. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Fine Arts | A narrow strip of wood used to make or reinforce the frame of a flat. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | Small portable platform on which products may be handled, dried, stored or transported within the factory. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Bat Harlequin's lath wand (French, battle, a wooden sword). To carry out one's bat (in cricket). Not to be "out" when the time for drawing the stumps has arrived. Off his own bat. By his own exertions; on his own account. A cricketer's phrase, meaning runs won by a single player. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Metallurgy | A fired slab of refractory material, generally of thin section, used in the firing of ceramic products. Source: European Union. (references) |
Occupations | A fluffy layer which is composed of interlaced and matted strands of fibrous material used for filling or insulating articles such as mattresses or comforters. (references) |
Slang in 1811 | BAT. A low whore: so called from moving out like bats in the dusk of the evening. Source: 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Families
- Suborder Megachiroptera (megabats)
- Pteropodidae
- Suborder Microchiroptera (microbats)
- Superfamily Emballonuroidea
- Emballonuridae (sac-winged bats or sheath-tailed bats)
- Superfamily Rhinopomatoidea
- Rhinopomatidae (mouse-tailed bats)
- Craseonycteridae (bumblebee bats)
- Superfamily Rhinolophoidea
- Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)
- Nycteridae (hollow-faced bats or slit-faced bats)
- Megadermatidae (false vampires)
- Superfamily Vespertilionoidea
- Vespertilionidae (evening bats or common bats)
- Superfamily Molossoidea
- Molossidae (free-tailed bats)
- Antrozoidae (pallid bats)
- Superfamily Nataloidea
- Natalidae (funnel-eared bats)
- Myzopodidae (sucker-footed bats)
- Thyropteridae (disk-winged bats)
- Furipteridae (smoky bats)
- Superfamily Noctilionoidea
- Noctilionidae (bulldog bats or fisherman bats)
- Mystacinidae (New Zealand short-tailed bats)
- Mormoopidae (ghost-faced bats or moustached bats)
- Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats)
Bats (order Chiroptera, Wiktionary:Bat) are flying mammals with forelimbs developed as wings. While other mammals like flying squirrels or gliding phalangers can only glide limited distances, the bats are the only mammals truly able to fly. The name Chiroptera can be translated as Hand Wing, as the structure of the open wing is very similar to an outspread human hand, covered in a membrane.
Anatomy
The metacarpal bone and the second and fifth toe of the forelimbs are elongated, and between these toes is a membrane, called "chiropatagium". The membrane extends from the toes to the body side and from there to the base of the hindlimbs. The entire wing of a bat is called "patagium". Many species also have a membrane between the hindlimbs enclosing the tails. This membrane is the "uropatagium".
The patagium is full of fine blood vessels, muscle fibres and nerves. When it's cold, the bats wrap themselves up in their wings like in a coat. In warm weather they stir the wings in order to cool their bodies.
The thumb and sometimes the second toe of the forelimbs wear claws, as do all five toes of the hindlimbs. The rear claws enable the bat to hang itself on to a tree branch, a ledge or something else. Bats are also able to move on the ground, but it appears rather clumsy. Even if a bat falls into the water, it can manage to reach the shore.
All bats are active at night or at twilight, so the eyes of most species are poorly developed. (There are some exceptions with rather large eyes.) Instead the nose and the ears are excellent. The microbats use an echolocation organ to orientate themselves.
The teeth resemble those of the insectivores. They are very sharp in order to bite through the chitin armour of insects or the skin of fruits.
Reproduction
A newborn bat can cling to the fur of the mother and be transported, although they soon grow too large for this. It would be difficult for an adult bat to carry more than one young, so normally only one young is born. Bats will often form nursery roosts, with many females giving birth in the same area, be it a cave, a tree hole, or a cavity in a building. Two mammary glands are situated between the chest and the shoulders. Only the mother cares for the young, and there is no continuous partnership.
The ability to fly is congenital, but after birth the wings are too small to fly. Young microbats become independent at the age of 6 to 8 weeks, megabats not until they are four months old. At the age of two years bats are sexually mature.
Enemies
Small bats are sometimes preyed upon by owls and falcons. Generally there are few animals able to hunt a bat. In Asia there is a bird, the bat hawk, specialized in hunting bats. The domestic cat is a regular predator in urban areas; catching bats as they enter or leave a roost, or when bats are on the ground. Bats will land on the ground, for feeding, in bad weather, or due to accidents while learning to fly.
The worst enemies are parasites. The membranes with all their blood vessels are ideal food sources for fleas, ticks and mites. Some groups of insects suck exclusively bat blood, e.g. the bat flies. In their caves the bats are hanging close together, so it is easy for the parasites to change host.
Classification
There are two suborders of bats:
Megabats eat fruit, while microbats eat mainly insects, and often rely on echolocation for navigation and finding prey.
- Megachiroptera (megabats or fruit bats)
- Microchiroptera (microbats, echolocating bats or insectivorous bats)
Once it was believed, that megabats and microbats developed independently. The shared characteristics would be a result of convergent evolution. After numerous genetic analyses it seems clear, that both groups have a common ancestor and are therefore related to each other.
Little is known about the evolution of bats since their small, delicate skeletons do not fossilize well. The oldest known bat fossils are Icaronycteris, Archaeonycteris, Palaeochiropteryx and Hassianycteris from the early Eocene (about 50 million years ago), but they are already very similar to modern microbats.
Bats are usually grouped with the tree shrews (Scandentia), colugos (Dermoptera), and the primates in superorder Archonta.
Diseases
The following advice is only relevant to areas with endemic rabies. Of the very few cases of rabies reported in the United States every year, most are caused by bat bites. Although most bats do not of course have rabies, an infected bat may be disturbed, clumsy, disoriented, and unable to fly, which make it more likely that it will come into contact with humans. Although one should not have an unreasoning fear of bats, one should avoid handling them or having them in one's living space, as with any wild animal. If a bat is found in living quarters near a child, mentally handicapped person, intoxicated person, sleeping person, or pet, the person or pet should receive immediate medical attention for rabies. Bats have very small teeth and can bite a sleeping person without necessarily being felt.If a bat is found in a house and the possibility of exposure cannot be ruled out, the bat should be sequestered and an animal control officer called immediately, so that the bat can be analyzed. This also applies if the bat is found dead. If it is certain that nobody has been exposed to the bat, it should be removed from the house. The best way to do this is to close all the doors and windows to the room except one to the outside. The bat should soon leave.
Due to the risk of rabies and also due to health problems related to their guano, bats should be excluded from inhabited parts of houses. For full detailed information on all aspects of bat management, including how to capture a bat, what to do in case of exposure, and how to bat-proof a house humanely, see the Centers for Disease Control's website on bats and rabies.
Where rabies is not endemic, small bats can be considered as harmless. Larger bats can give a nasty bite. Treat them with the respect due to any other wild animal.
In the United Kingdom all bats are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Acts, and even disturbing a bat or its roost can be punished with a heavy fine.
Cultural aspects
The bat is sacred in Tonga, West Africa, England, Australia and Bosnia, and is often considered the physical manifestation of a separable soul. Bats are closely associated with vampires, who are said to be able to shapeshift into bats, fog or wolves. Bats are also a symbol of ghosts, death and disease. Among some Native Americans, such as the Creek, Cherokee and Apache, the bat is a trickster spirit. Chinese lore claims the bat is a symbol of longevity and happiness, and is similarly lucky in Poland and geographical Macedonia and among the Kwakiutl and Arabs.In Western Culture, the bat is often a symbol of the night and its forboding nature. The bat is a primary animal associated with fictional characters of the night such as both villains like Dracula and heroes like Batman. The association of the fear of the night with the animal treated as a literary challenge by Kenneth Oppall who created a best selling series of novels beginning with Silverwing which feature bats as the central heroic figures much in a similiar manner as the classic novel Watership Down did for rabbits.
External links
Other uses of this term include:
- In Egyptian mythology, Bat is an alternate spelling for Bata, which you can see for more details.
- Bats is a name of a Caucasian folk and a language. See Bats.
- baseball bat
- cricket bat
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bat."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
British American Tobacco is the second largest cigarette company.In 1999 it acquired Rothmans International, which included a share in a factory in Myanmar. This made it the target of criticism from human rights groups. It sold its share of the factory on November 6, 2003 after a "exceptional request" from the British government.
External Link
- British American Tobacco; (apparently broken, at least for Mozilla)
- BAT 'dragged out' of Burma; The Guardian; November 7, 2003
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "British American Tobacco."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
BAT | English | British American Tobacco | Food & Agriculture |
BAT | French | Bureau d'assistance technique | Engineering & Technology |
BAT | Italian | Migliori tecniche disponibili.Nell'ambito dell'IPC(prevenzione e controllo integrato dell'inquinamento)l'obiettivo delle BAT è quello di preve-nire le emissioni nell'aria,nell'acqua e nel terreno. | Abbreviation |
| BAT NEEC | English | Best available technology not entailing excessive costs | Engineering & Technology |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: BatSynonyms: at-bat (n), chiropteran (n), cricket bat (n), squash racket (n), squash racquet (n), clobber (v), drub (v), flutter (v), lick (v), thrash (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Amusement | Festivity, merrymaking; party; (social gathering); blowout, hullabaloo, hoedown, bat, bum, bust, clambake, donation party, fish fry, jamboree, kantikoy, nautch, randy, squantum, tear, Turnerfest, yule log; fete, festival, gala, ridotto; revels, revelry, reveling; carnival, brawl, saturnalia, high jinks; feast, banquet; (food); regale, symposium, wassail; carouse, carousal; jollification, junket, wake, Irish wake, picnic, fete champetre, regatta, field day; treat. |
Athletic sports, gymnastics; archery, rifle shooting; tournament, pugilism; (contention); sports; horse racing, the turf; aquatics; skating, sliding; cricket, tennis, lawn tennis; hockey, football, baseball, soccer, ice hockey, basketball; rackets, fives, trap bat and ball, la grace; pall-mall, tipcat, croquet, golf, curling, pallone, polo, water polo; tent pegging; tilting at the ring, quintain; greasy pole; quoits, horseshoes, discus; rounders, lacrosse; tobogganing, water polo; knurr and spell. | |
Arms | Club, mace, truncheon, staff, bludgeon, cudgel, life preserver, shillelah, sprig; hand staff, quarter staff; bat, cane, stick, knuckle duster; billy, blackjack, sandbag, waddy. |
Impulse | Hammer, sledge hammer, mall, maul, mallet, flail; ram, rammer; battering ram, monkey, pile-driving engine, punch, bat; cant hook; cudgel; (weapon); ax; (sharp). |
Velocity | Phrase: vires acquirit eundo; "I'll put a girdle about the earth in forty minutes"; "swifter than arrow from the Tartar's bow"; go like a bat out of hell; tempus fugit. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Then hit yourself over the head with a baseball bat, would you please (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin.) Nobody said anything about a bat! (Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls; writing credit: Steve Oederkerk) The only excuse that I could fathom would be acceptable is to tell her that I am indeed Batman, and I'm sorry I just saw that Bat signal out the window (Seinfeld; writing credit: Andreas Lenze; Bea Schmidt) Do you think you can kill an alien space bat with bullets (Lobster Man from Mars; writing credit: Bob Greenberg; Tommy Sledge) I heard the Bat got him. (Batman; writing credit: Bob Kane; Sam Hamm) | |
Lyrics | Junkie's in the alley with a baseball bat ("The Message"; performing artist: Grandmaster Flash) Romeo, LBD and Bat (Stay The Night; performing artist: Imx) I got eyes like a bat, my feet are flat, and my asthma's (Draft Dodger Rag; performing artist: Phil Ochs) I’m the bat and you’re the cave (Brand New Day; performing artist: Sting) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Bat People (1974) The Copycat Bat (1967) Brother Bat (1967) Bat Patrol (1967) Go Fly a Bat (1967) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Big brown bat, Eptescius fureus. Credit: CDC. |  | Most of the recent human rabies cases in the United States have been caused by rabies virus that was transmitted through a bat vector. Credit: CDC. |
 | Almeda Mine, Medford District. Mine entrance, Bat Grate. Credit: John Craig. |  | AML Glass Butte Area, Burns District. Possible bat habitat. Credit: John Craig. |
 | Watercolor by Erik Heyl, 1951, painted for use in his book "Early American Steamers", Volume I. Bat, a blockade runner owned by the Confederate Government, became USS Bat (1864-1865) after she was captured. Following the Civil War she operated in merchant service under the names Teazer and Miramichi. Credit: NAVY. |  | Cherub in baseball cap holding bat. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | He struck at the bat gamely. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Old man booze jumps on Maryland bone dry bill while Daniels prepares to hit him with a five mile zone bat. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Girls of Japanese ancestry playing softball at war relocation authority center, Manzanar, California: Ritsuko Masuda and Marion Fujii with hands on bat, before choosing sides. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Eight year old Joe DiMaggio, Jr. poised with baseball bat, Casey Stengel seated before him. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Bat Vampyre" by Ariel C. Commentary: "Bat Vampyre." | "Tacca Integrifolia" by Warisara N. Commentary: "A strange flower I found on the way to Te-Lo-So Fall in Umphang, Tak (province), Thailand. It looks like a bat. I took the picture because of its' black colour." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Bloop; blooping; bloops; baseball; run; hit; bases; bat; batter. | | Bonk; bang; bat; bell ringer; belt; biff; blow; buffet; bump; butt; chop; clash; clip; clout; collision; cuff; fisticuff; glance; haymaker; impact; knock; leather; lick; one-two; one-two punch; paste; pat; plunk; punch; rap; rap; roundhouse; shock; shot; . |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Moving thus along the walks, her outline appearing entirely black, shaking her torn shawl over her long angular arms, she seemed something like a bat. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The bat was behaving abnormally. (references) | |
Soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings. (references) | ||
Bat necropsy-- A "necropsy" is an examination of a dead animal. (references) | ||
Human Rights | Brazil | They also claimed to have been beaten with a baseball bat. (references) |
Romania | Police beat Moise with a nightstick and a bat on his arms and back in order to obtain a confession from him. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Once we were happy in our dank little caves, until we were able to use the wheel to see that others had caves that were bigger and weren't filled with as much bat guano as ours. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Bat" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 78.21% of the time. "Bat" is used about 958 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 78.21% | 749 | 9,103 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 13.97% | 134 | 27,488 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 2.71% | 26 | 68,323 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.5% | 24 | 71,196 |
| Noun (common) | 2.5% | 24 | 71,196 |
| Unclassified Items | 0.1% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 958 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Indonesia | PT BAT Indonesia Tbk |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "bat": as blind as a bat ♦ at a rare bat ♦ at rare bat ♦ baseball bat ♦ bat an eyelid ♦ bat an idea around ♦ bat around ♦ Bat bolt ♦ bat boy ♦ bat for ♦ bat mitzah ♦ bat mitzvah ♦ bat one's eyelashes ♦ bat one's eyes ♦ Bat printing ♦ bat round ♦ bat the ball out of the cricket ground ♦ bat the eyes ♦ bat tick ♦ be as blind as a bat ♦ be at the bat ♦ big brown bat ♦ blind as a bat ♦ brown bat ♦ bull bat ♦ Bulldog bat ♦ carnivorous bat ♦ carry the bat ♦ cave bat ♦ cricket bat ♦ do smth. off one's own bat ♦ european brown bat ♦ false vampire bat ♦ Fox bat ♦ freetailed bat ♦ frosted bat ♦ fruit bat ♦ go like a bat out of hell ♦ go on a bat ♦ go to bat for smb. ♦ guano bat ♦ Harlequin bat ♦ harpy bat ♦ Hoary bat ♦ hognose bat ♦ horseshoe bat ♦ jackass bat ♦ leafnose bat ♦ little brown bat ♦ Lyre bat ♦ mastiff bat ♦ mexican freetail bat ♦ monk bat ♦ not to bat an eyelid ♦ off one's own bat ♦ orange bat ♦ orange horseshoe bat ♦ pallid bat ♦ pocketed bat ♦ pocketed freetail bat ♦ red bat ♦ right of the bat ♦ right off the bat ♦ sea bat ♦ spearnose bat ♦ specter bat ♦ spotted bat ♦ Tomb bat ♦ Trident bat ♦ true vampire bat ♦ vampire bat ♦ vespertilian bat. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "bat": bat-and-pad, bat-blind, bat-confusion, bat-crawled, bat-detector, bat-droppings, bat-dung, bat-eared, bat-eyed, bat-faced, bat-fowl, bat-fowler, bat-fowling, bat-horse, bat-leather, bat-like, bat-making, bat-minded, bat-pad, bat-pollinated, bat-poo, bat-shaped, bat-sonar, bat-squeak, Bat-uul, bat-wing, bat-winged, bat-wings. | |
Ending with "bat": anti-bat, at-bat, brick-bat, cricket-bat, ding-bat, dream-bat, fruit-bat, harpy-bat, jolly-bat, opening-bat, sea-bat. | |
Containing "bat": cricket-bat willow. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
baseball bat | 3,875 | casey at the bat | 238 |
bat | 3,139 | bat corked sammy sosa | 234 |
softball bat | 3,114 | the bat | 230 |
bat corked | 1,772 | bat mitzvah | 214 |
bat house | 1,572 | louisville slugger bat | 211 |
bat cork | 600 | wooden baseball bat | 209 |
easton baseball bat | 497 | vampire bat | 201 |
easton bat | 485 | demarini softball bat | 183 |
miken softball bat | 456 | baseball bat cork | 182 |
worth softball bat | 422 | cricket bat | 177 |
louisville bat | 344 | corked baseball bat | 176 |
easton softball bat | 334 | demarini bat | 174 |
wood bat | 322 | greensboro bat | 164 |
softball bat review | 322 | bat picture | 161 |
miken bat | 319 | bat box | 152 |
wood baseball bat | 302 | fastpitch bat | 150 |
worth bat | 299 | tpx baseball bat | 146 |
bat house plan | 293 | louisville baseball bat | 145 |
youth baseball bat | 272 | easton synergy softball bat | 143 |
bat corking | 240 | build a bat house | 142 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "bat"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | stap (cane, cosh, shillelagh, staff, stave), shkop (baton, Billy, cane, cudgel, pointer, pole, rod, roost, staff, stick, truncheon, walking stick), lojtar që godet me stap (batman), lakuriq nate. (various references) | |
Arabic | مرح صاخب (bender, binge, boose, booze, hilarity, razzle-dazzle, rejoicing, revelry, rip roaring), هراوة (billy, blackjack, bludgeon, club, cudgel, singlestick, stave, truncheon), نسبة السرعة, ناقش (agitate, argue, canvass, converse, debate, discuss, dispute, join issue with, moot, oppugn, powwow, question, set about, speak, talk, talk over, ventilate), ضرب الكرة (chop, drive, poach, serve), خفاش (harpy, vampire), المضرب, النبوت, الضارب (beating, striking), أخذ دوره, دور اللاعب في الضرب. (various references) | |
Asturian | bate. (various references) | |
Aymara | chiñi. (various references) | |
Blackfoot | mo'óínsstaam. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | удар (bang, blow, buff, buffet, butt, chop, clash, clump, counter, cut, dint, go off, hit, impact, impingement, jab, jar, keystroke, knock, pass, pelt, percussion, push, rap, shake, shock, shy, smack, smash, strike, stroke, thrust, touch, turn, whack, whiplash, wipe), скорост (milage, mileage, pace, rapidity, rate, shift, speed, swiftness, velocity), ход (action, course, current, foot, gait, going, lapse, motion, move, movement, operation, pace, passage, passing, play, ploy, process, race, rate, run, running, stream, swing, tenor, tide, track, train, tread, twist, walk, way), тояга (club, cudgel, staff, stick), гуляй (bend, bender, binge, blowout, bout, bum, carouse, drinking bout, feed, jamboree, junket, racket, randan, rant, rattle, razzle, razzle-dazzle, revel, revelry, rouse, soak, spree, tear, wassail), бухалка (indian club, paddle, swatter), прилеп (aliped, rearmouse), парче тухла (brickbat). (various references) | |
Chamorro | panak, fanihi. (various references) | |
Chinese | 蝙蝠 . (various references) | |
Czech | netopýr. (various references) | |
Danish | flagermus. (various references) | |
Dutch | vleermuis. (various references) | |
Esperanto | vesperto. (various references) | |
Faeroese | bólttræ, flogmús. (various references) | |
Farsi | چشمک زدن (Blink, Sparkle, Wink), خشت (Adobe, Brick), خفاش , ضربت (Bob, Buff, Buffet, Bump, Contusion, Coup, Crack, Hack, Hew, Impact, Jar, Jolt, Jow, Knock, Percussion, Plunk, Pounce, Pound, Slap, Stroke, Swat, Thump, Thwack, Whack, Yerk), عصا (Cane, Rod, Stick, Wand), سفالی (Earthen), بال بال زدن , لعاب مخصوص ظروف پاره اجر, مژگان راتکان دادن , چوگان (Mallet, Wicket), چوگان زدن , چوگاندار, چوکان زدن , چماق (Bludgeon, Cudgel, Mace, Maul, Stave, Stick), نیمه یاچوب , گل اماده برای کوزه گری . (various references) | |
Finnish | maila (club, mallet, racket, stick), lepakko, karttu (stick). (various references) | |
French | chauve-souris. (various references) | |
Frisian | flearmûs. (various references) | |
German | Fledermaus, keule (blackjack, bludgeon, club, cudgel, haunch, joint, leg, Mace). (various references) | |
Greek | ρόπαλο (bludgeon, club, cudgel, shillelah, truncheon), νυχτερίδα. (various references) | |
Hebrew | פרסף, עטלף, אודנן, אשף (enchanter, magician, sorcerer, wizard). (various references) | |
Hungarian | denevér (cheiropteran, flying fox). (various references) | |
Indonesian | kelelawar, kayu pemukul, kampret, kalong. (various references) | |
Inuktitut | anautaq. (various references) | |
Italian | pipistrello. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 蝙蝠 (opportunist), バッチ処理 (Bach, bad mark, batch processing, batman, battery, batting, batting average, batting cage, batting center, batting order, batting practice pitcher, boat, buffalo, buffer, buffer stock, buffered, buffering, butting, having a time or schedule conflict, intruding on someone else's turf, vat). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | バット (vat), かわほり (opportunist), こうもり (opportunist), へんぷく (edge, opportunist, outer appearance, surface appearance). (various references) | |
Korean | 박쥐 (bats). (various references) | |
Manx | maidjey (bail, bail in stable, bar, bar on doorway, boarding, club, cue, lever, pitprop, pointer, pole, rod, stick, straddle, wooden), craitnag (flitter-mouse), baddal, bad (club, cudgel, stave, trucheon). (various references) | |
Maori | pekapeka. (various references) | |
Mohawk | yakohonhtariks. (various references) | |
Norwegian | balltre, flaggermus. (various references) | |
Papiamen | raton di anochi. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | atbay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | bastão (baton, billy, cane, mace, mallet, rod, staff, stick, wand). (various references) | |
Provencal | batoira. (various references) | |
Romanian | baston (baton, cane, cudgel, Mace, rod, staff, stave, stick, walking stick), bãţ (club, gad, rod, stick, switch), bâtã (club, cudgel), samã, prin propriile puteri, paletã (blade, float, paddle, palette, pallet), loviturã (attack, bang, beat, beating, blow, box, bump, burglary, butt, calamity, cant, clap, clip, coup, cuff, dash, drive, fib, flap, go, heading, hit, hunch, hurt, jab, jolt, kick, knock, lick, master stroke, pelt, push, round, set back, shack, shock, shot, slash, sling, smack, smash, stab, stick, strike, stroke, sweep, thrust), lovi cu bastonul, liliac (flitter-mouse, lilac), hali, clipi (wink), ciomag (black jack, blow, bludgeon, club, lick). (various references) | |
Russian | ватин (batting), летучая мышь (rearmouse), бита, дубина (club, cudgel). (various references) | |
Samoan | pate. (various references) | |
Scottish | ialtag (a bat). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | udariti (bang, bash, beat, belt, bump, clock, clout, conk, drive in, hack, hit, jog, knock, paw, percuss, poke, punch, ram, rap, shock, strike, stub, swipe, wallop, whack), slepi miš (rearmouse), palica za bejzbol (baseball bat), lepršati (flap, flitter, flutter, wave), šišmiš. (various references) | |
Shona | muremwaremwa. (various references) | |
Spanish | batear en sustitucbateo (batting), batear, bate, raqueta (battledore, racket, racquet), pala (battledore, blade, paddle, palm, Peel, racket, scoop, server, setting, shovel, spade, spadeful, vamp), murciélago, murci"e/"lago, juerga (bender, binge, blast, good time, jamboree, joke, joy, loose, spree, travel, walk, whoopee), golpear (bang, beat, beat up on, beetle, bop, buffet, bump, clip, clobber, club, drive, flail, hit, jab, kick, knock, lash, punch, rap, rattle, slam, slap, slice, slog, smash, smite, strike, tee off, thrash, thump, wallop, whack), golpe (bang, belt, blow, buffet, concussion, coup, crack, cut, hit, hook, jab, job, kick, knock, pelt, poke, prod, shock, shot, slam, smack, strike, stroke, wallop). (various references) | |
Sranan | fremusu. (various references) | |
Swedish | slagträ (baseball bat), flädermus. (various references) | |
Thai | ได้เปรียบจากการตีลูก, กระพริบตา (nictate, nictitate), กระบอง (shillalah, shillelagh), ตีด้วยไม้, ค้างคาว. (various references) | |
Turkish | bilardo sopası (cue), beysbol sopası (baseball bat), yarasa (flying fox), vuruş yapmak, vuruş (battery, batting, beat, beating, chop, crack, crusher, cut, hack, hit, impact, knock, plug, pulse, scoop, shoot, shot, sock, strike, stroke, swat, thwack, whack, wipe), vurmak (bang, beat, beat down, bruise, bust, catapult, catch, chime, clap, clip, clout, dash, deal, grass, gun, hit, impinge, inflict, kayo, knock, land, lay out, lay to, Lodge, Mall, nail, pack, percuss, pip, plant, plonk, plug, plunk, pound, prick, pummel, punch, putt, ram, shoot, shoot off, slog, smash, sock, strike, stroke, stub, swat, swinge, switch, whack, zap), sopa (bashing, baton, beating, birc-rod, bludgeon, cane, caning, club, cosh, cudgel, drubbing, ferule, fescue, flogging, rod, shillelagh, stick, switch), raket (racket, racquet), radarla atılan bomba, kırpmak (blink, clip, crop, cut, pare, retrench, shave, shear, wink), hız (career, celerity, dispatch, expedition, haste, impetus, lick, pace, pelt, quickness, raciness, rapidity, rapidness, speed, swiftness, tilt, velocity), alem (bender, binge, blast, blind, blow out, booze, booze-up, burst up, bust, Buster, carousal, class of beings, condition, creation, entertainment, jollification, junket, kingdom, nature, orgy, party, potation, potations, razzle-dazzle, realm, revel, revelry, riot, rollicking time, spree, state, universe, whoopee, world). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | гульня (binge, bum, carousal, debauch, fuddle, hellbender, punch, razzle, razzle-dazzle, spree, toot, whiz, whizz), палиця (cane, club, staff, stick, walking stick, warder), бити биткою, бита цегла (brick-bat), битка, мигати (bat one's eyes, blink, nictate, nictitate, occult), махати (switch, wag, wave, wriggle), нічна пташка, ватна прокладка, відбивати м'яч руками, дубасити палицею, в'юче сідло, удар (beat, biff, bobbing, buffet, bunt, cant, chop, clap, cracker, hit, impact, impingement, impulsion, jolt, kick, knock, onslaught, percussion, pick, push, put, shock, shot, smite, spat, stab, strike, stroke, tick, tilt, wap), кийок (bastinado, baton, bludgeon, cane, club, shillelagh), кажан (flittermouse), крок (footstep, pace, step, walk), темп (pace, tempo), фетр (felt), ракетка (racket), сланцювата глина, іноземна мова, сварлива баба, відьма (bear-cat, hag, nightmare, witch). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | ba chân bốn cẳng, sự ăn chơi phóng đãng, không chậm trễ (run), giành được thắng lợi, dở hơi thật nhanh ba chân bốn cẳng. (various references) | |
Welsh | batio, bat, ystlum. (various references) | |
Yucatec | soots'. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | blatta, vespertilio. (various references) |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | battre. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Leviticus Chapter 11, Verse 19 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai glauka kai erwdion kai caradrion kai ta omoia autw kai epopa kai nukterida |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Erodionem et charadrion iuxta genus suum opupam quoque et vespertilionem |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And a gerfawcoun, and a iay after his kynde; and a lapwynk, and a reremous. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | The heron, the Iaye with the kynde, the lappwynge ad the swalowe. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And the stork, the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And the stork, and the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | The stork and the heron, and birds of that sort, and the hoopoe and the bat. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Leviticus Chapter 11, Verse 19 |
| Cebuano | Ug ang herodion, ug ang tabon ingon sa iyang matang, ug ang abubilya, ug ang kabog. |
| Chinese | 鸛 、 鷺 鷥 、 與 其 類 ． 戴 鵀 、 與 蝙 蝠 。 |
| Croatian | roda, èaplja svake vrste; pupavac i šišmiš." |
| Danish | Storken, de forskellige Arter af Hejrer, Hærfuglen og Flagermusen. |
| Dutch | En de ooievaar, de reiger naar zijn aard, en de hop, en de vledermuis. |
| Finnish |
