Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Bass

Specialty Definition: Bass

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Specialty Definition: Bass

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Biology

Bass (rhyming with "mass") is a type of fish - see bass (fish). Sea bass is unrelated.

Music

Bass (rhyming with "face") when used as an adjective, describes tones which are of low frequency. Played in an ensemble such notes are frequently used to provide a counterpoint or counter-melody, in an harmonic context either to outline or juxtapose the progression of the chordss, or with percussion to underline the rhythm.

As a noun, a bass is a musical instrument or singer with a low range. As an instrument, it can be:

• an abbreviated name for double bass (this is usually the instrument referred to as a "bass" in Classical music and jazz. Sometimes called a "string bass" to differentiate it from a "bass horn".)
• an abbreviated name for bass guitar (this is usually the instrument referred to as a "bass" in rock & roll)
• a bass horn, such as a tuba or sousaphone-- a wind instrument that fulfills a role similar to a string bass
• an abbreviated name for bass clarinet, bass trombone, bass saxophone, etc (less common usage)

It can also refer to a male singer with the lowest range in music. A typical bass will have a range extended from around the F one and a half octaves below middle C (the note at the bottom of the bass clef) to the E above middle C (on the first line of the treble clef).

In classical music, and particularly in opera, there are sometimes distinctions made between different kinds of basses. A basso profondo (or basse noble) is a singer with a particularly deep voice; they may be able to get as low as the B below the bass clef. By contrast, a basso cantate (or basse chantate) is a singer with a lighter, more lyrical voice, perhaps with a slightly higher range. Basso buffo is a term used for a comic bass.

The male voice a little higher than a bass is the baritone. Sometimes the term bass-baritone is used to mean a singer with a range and tone somewhere between a bass and a baritone.

Some famous bass singers include Feodor Chaliapin, Boris Christoff, Nicolai Ghiaurov, Paul Robeson and Willard White.

See also: Miami bass (booty bass), figured bass, basso continuo

External Links

• Guide to the Singing Voice

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bass."

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Bass (fish)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Largemouth Bass

Bass are several different kinds of fish, included in the perch family, Percidae or members of the sunfish family Centrarchidae. Species in the perch family include white, yellow, and striped bass or stripers and the sunfish family, includes small-mouth, large-mouth, and rock bass. Bass in the sunfish family are sometimes called black bass. Bass in the perch family are also called "sea bass" or "true bass" and are anadromous, living in sea water and spawning in freshwater streams.

This excellent fish is found all along the Atlantic coast, from Florida to Maine. It inhabits the rivers, bays, inlets and creeks; and is taken in great abundance, particularly in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. There, it frequently grows to the length of three, four and even five feet and weighing in some instances, full one hundred pounds! The striped bass will run up some rivers a hundred miles or more, and in Maine they are found quite plentiful in the Penobscot. In the Connecticut, too, some very fine ones are taken. In winter they still keep their haunts, and do not go into deep water like other fish of similar habits. The word (bass) is said to be a Dutch name, signifying perch; but it little resembles the fish we know by that name. The bass is one of the most beautiful fish in point of color and perfect symmetry that swims, and next to the salmon is the most delicious for the table.

In the spring of the year the striped bass runs up the rivers and into other fresh water places to spawn - and then again late in the fall to shelter. The fall run is the best. It can be taken, however, nearly all the year round, and of all sizes.

The apparatus for bass fishing is a pliable rod from 12 to 18 feet in length, according to circumstances. The reel should have 200 to 300 feet of line, which may be made of flax or grass. Silk line is sometimes used. The swivel sinker and float should be gaged according to your ground. The leader should be three or four feet in length, with a Limerick or Kirby hook from 0 to 3, according to the size of the fish to be taken. Double leaders are often necessary. Use your own judgment in this respect. In boat fishing, the float is not usually used, and the sinker should be light enough to float off with the tide, but at the same time to touch bottom at all times. By this mode you will get large fish, as the large ones are generally nearest the bottom.

The best place for fishing bass is the quietest place you can find, and at full neap tide. When this tide occurs early in the morning, or late in the afternoon, and if the wind is off shore and a gentle ripple on the water you may take bass very easily, and in abundance. In rivers, get in the exact channel, or over some deep cove, near an outlet of a brook, or some small stream.

In the waters near New York City, the striped bass begins to bite well early in April. At this season shrimp is the best bait, especially in salt water. In fresh water they will bite shad roe at this season. In June you must begin t use soft shell crab though they will usually bite at shrimp until about the first of August. The mode of fishing with crabs differs a little from the other, inasmuch as the bait should now lie on the bottom, whereas in the case of shrimps it is suspended near the bottom. A sliding sinker is now used, and the float dispensed with altogether. About the first of October you again resort to shrimps, as the shell of the crab now begins to harden. The Killey fish is also used now, in salt water, which is, in fact, preferable to the shrimp for large fish. In fresh water you should use the white opened soft clam. But the bass is very whimsical and dainty. In some places he will jump greedily at a clam bait, while at others he will take nothing but shrimp or crab. There is a beautiful little fish called the spearing which is fished with at certain places in salt water, with great success. In the Hudson river, the largest and finest bass are taken with set lines, as follows: Two stakes are driven in the bottom of the river at a certain distance apart, and a strong cord is stretched across. To this cord is attached short lines at convenient distances, with strong hooks, baited with tom-cod or other small fish. In this way the very largest bass are taken in great abundance.

Trolling for bass is excellent sport, and is practiced a good deal by amateurs. The tackle employed is a strong hand line, and artificial bait is used with good success. This consists of silver plated "spoons, or bits of mother pearl worked into a proper shape and other ingenious contrivances to be had at the fishing-tackle stores. Squid are also an excellent bait for trolling. To fasten the squid to your hook, you should use a needle and waxed linen thread. Take off the skin of the squid, and pull out the spine - then insert the needle through the opening made by the spine, and in this way fasten your hook so the point will pass through near his eye - commence sewing him onto the hook from his tail, and stitch up to his neck. This is so troublesome a process that few sportsmen use it; but very large fish are taken in this manner..

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bass (fish)."

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Bass drum

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A bass drum is a large, heavy drum that produces a low-pitched (but untuned) "thump". It is used in orchestral music, marching music, and throughout 20th century popular music.

The bass drum is used to punctuate time. In marches it is used to keep the march even (marching bands march to the beat of the bass). A basic beat for rock and roll has the bass drum played on the first and third beats of a bar of common time, with the snare drum on the second and fourth "back beats".

An orchestral bass drum is quite large, about 36" in diameter, and is played with one or two large, padded mallets. In a drum kit, the bass drum is much smaller, most commonly 20" or 22" but sizes from 18" to 26" are quite normal, and is played using a pedal operated mallet. A pedal-operated bass drum is often called a kick drum.

In many forms of heavy metal music, particularly thrash metal, a second bass drum pedal is used, either operating a second beater on the same drum using an extended mechanism, or more traditionally simply playing a similar second bass drum, placed beside the first and tuned identically. Double bass drum techniques were pioneered by Gene Krupa in the 1950s and popularised in the 1960s by Ginger Baker of Cream and Keith Moon of the Who.

In many modern marching bands and drum corps, a set of multiple bass drums called tonal bass drums are used. A bass drum line typically consists of four to six tonal bass drums, though many smaller high schools only have enough players to use two or three drums, and some universities and drum corps have marched up to sixteen at once. The drums typically are between 18" and 32" in diameter, but some groups have used bass drums as small as 14" and as large as 36". Generally, tonal bass drums are tuned higher than kick drums or orchestral bass drums so complex rudimental passages can be heard clearly. Each player usually carries one drum, though in rare cases players carry two or three smaller drums at once. Skilled bass drum lines can execute complex rhythmic figures so convincingly that it sounds like the entire bass drum part is being played by a single musician.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bass drum."

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Bass guitar

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Guild electric bass

The electric bass guitar is a stringed instrument similar to an electric guitar but larger in size and with a deeper tone. It is also closely related to the double bass and shares things in common with a range of bass instrumentss. It is widely used in many musical genres, including rock and roll, heavy metal, jazz, funk, Gothic rock, Hard rock, country, and disco.

Like the electric guitar, the vibrations of the string cause an electrical signal to be created in sensors called pickups, which are amplified and played through a speaker. Various electronic components, and the configuration of the amplifier and speaker, can be used to alter the sound of the instrument.

The first mass produced electric bass was developed by Leo Fender, a well-known guitar manufacturer, as experiments with upright basses with pickups did not work very well at the time. The change to the guitar form factor and the addition of frets made the instrument much easier to play. Fender's Precision Bass was first sold in 1951, with the single split pickup design that is still widely available (both Fender Precision basses and innumerable copies) being introduced in 1957. Another industry standard, the Fender Jazz Bass, was released in 1960.

Following Fender's lead, other companies such as Gibson, Danelectro, and many others started to produce their own version of the bass guitar. This allowed bassists to move further up front in the band mix, both visually and audibly. This work has been continued and many companies and individual luthiers have joined the quest to take Leo Fender's original dream and idea to new levels.

The acoustic bass guitar (ABG) is similar to an acoustic guitar with a large, hollow body that is clearly audible without amplification. However, they are relatively quiet compared most other acoustic instruments and many ABGs retain pickups to enable them to function with louder ensembles while still maintaining some of the acoustic characteristics of the sound. See The Violent Femmes' first album for an example of acoustic bass playing in modern rock music.

Design Considerations

The modern bass player has a wide range of choices when choosing an instrument, for example:

• How many strings (and what tuning)? Leo Fender's classic design had four strings, tuned E, A , D, G (with the fundamental of the E string vibrating at 41.3 Hz). Modern variants include:
  • Five strings (normally B, E, A, D, G but sometimes E, A, D, G, C)
  • Six strings (B, E, A, D, G, C)
  • More than six strings!
  • double and triple courses of strings (eg, a 12 string bass might be Eee Aaa Ddd Ggg, with standard pitch strings supported by two strings an octave higher)
  • Tenor bass - A, D, G, C
  • Piccolo bass - e, a, d, g (an octave higher than standard tuning)
  • Any other tuning, including mechanisms such as hipshot detuners that allow changes during the course of one song.
• Pickups - the earliest basses had a single split passive magnetic pickup. Modern choices include:
  • Active or passive (active circuits use a battery to boost the signal)
  • Pickup type
  • Pickup position (near the bridge or further towards the neck for a fatter sound)
  • More than one pickup, giving more tonal variation
  • Non-magnetic systems, eg. piezos or the innovative new Lightwave systems (these allow the bassist to use non-metallic strings)
• Body shape and colour
  • A wide range of coloured finishes or exploiting the amazing variety of natural wood forms
  • Different body shapes (affecting weight, balance and aesthetics)
  • Headed and headless (with tuning done at the bridge) designs
• Frets
  • Fretted, like most guitars
  • Fretless, like most Double basses

Add in the factors of amplification and effects units and it's easy to see why some bassists suffer from what is known as GAS (gear acquisition syndrome) ;-)

Playing Styles

As with any instrument, the electric bass can be played in a number of styles. Players such as Paul McCartney tend to favor a subdued, melodic approach, while Les Claypool of Primus and Flea of Red Hot Chili Peppers favor a funky "slap and pop" approach in which notes and percussive sounds are created by slapping the string with the thumb and release strings with a snap. Many artists, such as Pino Palladino utilize a fretless bass guitar for the smoothness of its slide and unique tone.

The slap and pop method was invented by Larry Graham in the 1960s. Grahm's unique sound gained a broad audience when it appeared in the 1970 Sly and the Family Stone song "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)". In the 1970s Stanley Clarke developed Graham's technique further, adding the popping and speed that are a hallmark of contemporary playing.

Most bassists prefer to pluck the notes with the fingers but some also use plectrums (also called picks). This often varies according to the musical genre - very few funk bassists use plectrums, while they are almost de rigueur for punk rock.

Influential Bassists

The following bassists are among those who have contributed to the developing role of the bass guitar:

• Stanley Clarke (seminal work in Jazz fusion in 1970's)
• Les Claypool (wild slap bass)
• John Entwistle (lead bass playing, 8 string bass guitar)
• Larry Graham (originator of 'slap bass' technique)
• Steve Lawson (exploiting looping technology for solo bass performances)
• Michael Manring (innovative work with multiple alternate tunings)
• Paul McCartney (melodic lines)
• Marcus Miller (work with jazz giants like Miles Davis and solo work)
• Pino Palladino (fretless playing)
• Jaco Pastorius (fingerstyle funk and harmonics)
• Tom Petersson (12 string bass guitar)
• Rocco Prestia (fingerstyle funk grooves)
• Victor Wooten (especially his double thumbing technique)

Influential Manufacturers

The following manufacturers are among those that have produced widely regarded models of bass guitar:

• Alembic
• Carvin
• Danelectro
• Ernie Ball
• Fender
• Fodera
• G&L
• Gibson
• Hamer (known for 12 string bass guitars)
• Hofner
• Ibanez
• Pedulla
• Rickenbacker
• Sadowsky
• Wal
• Warwick
• Yamaha

Related Instruments

• Acoustic bass guitar
• Cello - Electric cello
• Acoustic guitar/guitar - Electric guitar
• String orchestra
• Double bass

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bass guitar."

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Bassist

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A bassist is an musician who plays a bass guitar or double bass. This page lists famous bassists in four categories, depending on whether they are primarily known for playing bass guitar, double bass, both, or their main instrument is unknown. Certain musical genres tend to use one or the other (for example, bass guitar for rock and roll or pop music but double bass for classical music and jazz) but the rule is not hard and fast.

The lists are organised by alphabetical order of surname and brief mention may be made of their specific contribution or famous groups they have worked with.

Bass Guitar

• Les Claypool from Primus
• John Entwistle from The Who
• Lincoln Goines
• Mike Gordon from Phish
• Larry Graham
• Jimmy Haslip
• Glenn Hughes from Deep Purple
• Anthony Jackson
• James Jamerson
• Lemmy Kilmister from Motorhead
• Steve Lawson
• Geddy Lee from Rush
• Will Lee
• Phil Lesh from The Grateful Dead
• Sir Paul McCartney from The Beatles
• Marcus Miller
• Jason Newsted formerly of Metallica
• Jaco Pastorius
• Suzi Quatro
• Noel Redding from The Jimi Hendrix Experience
• Leon Wilkeson from Lynyrd Skynyrd
• Victor Wooten from Bela Fleck and the Flecktones

Double Bass

• Wellman Braud
• Brian Bromberg
• Ray Brown
• Ron Carter
• Mark Dresser
• Pops Foster
• Milt Hinton
• Bill Johnson
• Edgar Meyer
• Charles Mingus
• Slam Stewart

Bass Guitar and Double Bass

• Stanley Clarke
• Sting from The Police

Unknown

• Kelly Grouchet from Electric Light Orchestra

Further Information

There is also a list of Jazz Bassists, which contains a larger number of musicians but doesn't differentiate by instrument (although most will specialise in double bass).

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Bassist."

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Black bass

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Family: Centrarchidae (Freshwater sunfish)

Black bass (also known as black trout) is a common name used for a variety of similar species of fish within the sunfish family. These freshwater fishes all share the same genus, Micropterus, and include the redeye bass (M. coosae), spotted bass (M. punctulatus), smallmouth bass (M. dolomieu) and largemouth bass (M. salmoides). All species are native to warmer fresh waters east of the Rockies in North America, but have since been introduced into waters throughout the United States, and in some cases (the largemouth bass especially) they have been introduced throughout the world.

These fish are well known as strong fighters, and are fished recreationally. Their meat is eaten, being quite edible and firm. The males build nests in which the eggs are deposited by a female and then fertilized. The male continues to guard the eggs and fry until they leave the nest. All species have a dull green base coloring with dark patterns on the sides.

Most of this information was taken from the following source:
Freshwater Fishes of the Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland & Delaware by F.C Rohde, R.G. Arndt, D.G. Lindquist, & J.F. Parnell. 1994. University of North Carolina Press. 222 pp.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Black bass."

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Double bass

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The double bass is a musical instrument, the largest and lowest-tuned member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the violin, viola, and cello. It resembles the other members of the family, but is much larger and has slight differences in shape. Other names for the instrument (especially when used in folk, bluegrass, and jazz music) include string bass, acoustic bass, bass violin, doghouse bass, dog-house, bull fiddle, and upright bass.

The double bass, unlike the rest of the violin family, is derived from the viol family of instruments, in particular the Violone, a bass viol. Because of this, and also to avoid too long fingerstretch, it is tuned in fourths whereas the violin, viola and cello are tuned in fifths.

The player stands or sits and holds the instrument upright, slightly tilted toward them. When standing, the top of the instrument (the head) is approximately at the same height as the players head. At the base of the double bass is a 'spike' or 'foot' which rests on the floor. As with other string instruments the double bass is played with a bow (arco) or by plucking the strings (pizzicato).

Modern instruments are usually tuned E-A-D-G, with the upper G being an octave and a fourth below middle C (approx 98Hz), and the E almost 3 octaves below middle C (the bottom E on a modern piano, approx 41Hz). A variety of tunings, and numbers of strings were used on a variety of confusingly-named instruments through the sixteenth to the early twentieth centuries, when the four-stringed tuning above became almost universal. Since the range of the double bass lies largely below the standard bass clef, it is usually notated an octave higher (hence sounding an octave lower than written). This transposition applies even when reading the tenor clef and treble clef, which are used for the instrument's upper range.

The double bass is used extensively in western classical music as a standard member of the string section of symphony orchestras and smaller string ensembles. However, it has perhaps achieved more prominence in jazz, blues, and early rock and roll where it is usually played with amplification and almost exclusively played with a form of pizzicato where the sides of the fingers are used in preference to the tips of the fingers.

In traditional jazz and swing, it is sometimes played in the slap style, a more vigorous version of pizzicato where the string is plucked so hard it then bounces off the finger board, making a distinctive sound. (Notable slap style bass players have included Bill Johnson, Wellman Braud, Pops Foster, and Milt Hinton.)

Slam Stewart, a jazz bassist in the 1940s, took solos in which he bowed the bass and sang along in octave harmony. Charles Mingus is another notable jazz bassist, regarded as one of the formost virtuosi of the instrument in the genre.

Dance-band bass players had used conventional microphones as pickups for years without altering their playing styles. Some recent variations of the double bass have been fitted with pickups like an electric guitar's and are designed exclusively for use with electric amplification.

Double bass bow

There are two kinds of bows used in double bass playing: German and French. They are different in both design and playing technique. The french bow is a heavier version of the bow used by the modern violin family, and held in the same way, with the palm facing down, the fingers resting over the top of the stick and the thumb grasping the frog. The german bow has a much larger frog and is held with the palm angled upwards, as used for the upright members of the viol family.

Bluegrass bass

The string bass is often used in bluegrass music. It is the largest instrument in the violin family, and is made in several sizes. Most usual for bluegrass use is the 3/4 size bass. Less frequently used are the full size and 5/8 size bass.

The upright bass is plucked for most bluegrass music. Some modern bassists have used the bow.

The bluegrass bass is responsible for keeping time in the polyrhythmic conditions of the bluegrass tune, enhancing the flow of the music with tasteful fills and runs. Most important is the steady beat, whether fast, slow, in 4/4 time, 2/4 or 3/4 time.

Early pre-bluegrass music was often accompanied by the cello, which was bowed as often as plucked. Some contemporary bluegrass bands favor the electric bass, but it has a different musical quality than the plucked upright bass which gives energy and drive to the music.

Notable bass players in contemporary bluegrass music:

• Roy Huskey, Jr.
• Todd Phillips
• Mark Schatz
• Mike Bub

Cedric Rainwater, bassist for Bill Monroe and later Flatt and Scruggs, helped to define the bluegrass sound with his characteristic walking bass, where each beat in 4/4 time is plucked, going up and down the scale.

Common rhythms in bluegrass bass playing are, in 4/4 time (plucking on the beats) 1, 3; 1, 4; 1, 3, 4. In 3/4 time (waltz time) 1; 1,2; and 1,3.

Another notable double bass player is Edgar Meyer, a renouned contemporary player in the bluegrass style. His repetoire in this genre includes the appalachia waltz, appalachia journey, short trip home series, and he also as repetoire in the classical genre, such as a masterful recording of Bach cello suites.

Bass tuning

The bass has usually 4 strings tuned (lowest to highest) E, A, D, G. The strings are made of either nylon or cat gut (traditionally) or metal-wrapped synthetic or nylon. Commonly used are flat-wrapped metal strings.

Some basses have 5 strings; the additional string may be either an extra high string (tuned to C) or an extra low string tuned to B. Such basses are larger than usual, somewhat harder to play, and rare.

Many four-string basses have a 'C extension' which extends the lowest string down as far as low C, a note an octave below the lowest note on the cello. This is invaluable in classical music, because the bass often doesn't have a separately written part but is told to play the cello part an octave lower, a practice known as 'doubling'. It is this that gives the double bass its name.

Classical double bass repertoire

The bass is one of the most usual instruments used in jazz. In classical music, however, the instrument has been primarily used to provide a solid but usually simple bass line. Bass soloists are virtually unheard of, although Giovanni Bottesini was a 19th century virtuoso on the instrument sometimes called the Paganini of the double bass. He wrote a number of concert pieces for the instrument, including concertos, and also pedagogical works.

Few works have been written for the instrument by better known composers, though there are a few examples such as the Fantasy for Double bass and orchestra on a Theme by Rossini by Niccolo Paganini and a duo for cello and double bass by Gioachino Rossini himself. The famous Trout Quintet by Franz Schubert replaces the usual second viola or cello of the string quintet with a double bass and gives the instrument a prominent solo line in the fourth movement (Antonin Dvorak wrote a much less well known piece for this same combination of instruments). Probably the most famous piece featuring double bass is "The Elephant" from Camille Saint-Saens' The Carnival of Animals.

In the 20th century the bass has been somewhat better served in classical music, although it is still only very rarely used as a solo instrument. One of the very few double bass concertos is by Serge Koussevitzky (better known as a conductor), a piece written in 1905. Other pieces to feature the instrument include Luciano Berio's Psy (1989), for solo bass; Composition II (1973) by Galina Ustvolskaya, for eight double basses, drum and piano; and a sonata for double bass and piano by Paul Hindemith (who also wrote a number of other pieces for unusual solo instruments).

Notable classical players

• Giovanni Bottesini
• Domenico Dragonetti
• Barry Green also author of The Inner Game of Music
• Gary Karr
• Serge Koussevitzky
• François Rabbath
• Franz Simandl (1840-1912)
• Rodney Slatford

References and external links

• http://www.earlybass.com/ Double Bass and Violone Internet Archive

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Double bass."

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Singer

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings. i.e. uses the voice as an instrument to make music.

In classical music and in opera, voices are treated just like musical instruments, thus special careers were developed out of each principal pitch.

Voices are commonly classified into:

• Female voices:
  • soprano
  • mezzo-soprano
  • alto

• Male voices:
  • countertenor
  • tenor
  • baritone
  • bass
  • castrato

• List of female singers
• List of male singers

An unrelated use of the word Singer is in reference to the Singer Corporation, which is a U.S-based maker of sewing machines.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Singer."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Bass

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Synonyms within Context: Bass

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Modern Usage: Bass

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Commercial Usage: Bass

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Image Slideshow: Bass

Photos: Bass More pictures...

Illustrations: Bass More pictures...

Computer Images: Bass More pictures...

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Photo Album: Bass

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Old rockfish ( striped bass) caught by young fishermen. Credit: America's Coastlines.		A fisherman catches and releases a small striped bass from the pier at Pirate's Cove. Credit: Fisheries.
	Angling for black sea bass at Santa Catalina Island. Gaffing a 240-pound capture. In: "Sport Fishing in California and Florida," by Charles F. Holder. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, Vol. XXVIII 1908, Part I, p. 207, Plate I. Credit: Fisheries.		The gillnet catch being brought in. The species being fished for included, blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis; silver perch, Bairdiella chrysoura; atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannosaurus; weakfish, Cynoscion regalis; Atlantic croaker, Micropogonus undulatus; white perch, Morone americanus; striped bass or rockfish, Morone saxatilis and; bluefish, Ponatomus saltatrix. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.
	A representative sample of some of the species collected; gizzard shad, menhaden, bluefish, striped bass, Atlantic croaker, and white perch. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.		North Inlet - Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Red drum, Sciaenops occelatus, also known as "spottail bass" in South Carolina, utilize the estuary during the first four years of their lives where they feed primarily on shrimp and crabs. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR).
	Bass photographed by ROV in Lake Malawi, Africa. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).		Bank sea bass pick through the rubble near temperate reefs. Centropristis sp. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).
	Scup and Black Sea Bass hovering around a reef ledge. Credit: Sanctuaries.		Largemouth bass. Credit: USDA.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Bass
 

"Walking the bass" by Kate Wheeler Commentary: "This bass guitar is called "the bird". it came from a church in Atlanta GA and now lives in Sydney AU. aint it gorgeous!."	"Bass player" by P-O Sedin Commentary: "Me playing the bass with my band Starfuck."
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Sounds Captioned with "Bass".

Play	Caption	Play	Caption
	A new age style excerpt featuring a digital bass, percussion, and piano.		Early techno sounding piece with synthesized bass, strings, and percussion.
	Typical 1950's digital spaceship sounds within a repetitive bass line.		1 2/8 shuffle piece using different synthesized keyboards, bass, and percussion.
	Light texture with hand clapping, cymbals, and arpeggiated electric bass line.		Syncopated bass line with keyboard glissandi.
	Very typical country style guitar with bass.		Typical Latin-style bass and light percussion with guitar solo.
	Ostinato bass with a ride cymbal percussion for a short minor blues piano solo.		High strings, active digital melody, and pizzicato bass line.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Bass

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Usage Frequency: Bass

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: Bass

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Cities: Bass

INDEX

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.