Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Bargaining |
BargainingNoun1. The negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "bargaining" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Synonym: BargainingSynonym: Negotiating. (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | What I am bargaining with is something you do not have - the son of Jor-El. (Superman II; writing credit: Jerry Siegel; Joe Shuster) This chick, man, without the sole benefit of dying herself, has broken down the process of dying into five stages: anger, denial, bargaining, depression and acceptance. (All That Jazz; writing credit: Robert Alan Aurthur; Bob Fosse) Your bargaining posture is highly dubious. (The Transformers: The Movie; writing credit: Ron Friedman) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Books |
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Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Philo | Those who give hoping to be rewarded with honor are not giving, they are bargaining. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Such clauses are common in collective bargaining agreements. (references) | |
On major contracts, it is advisable to have a representative conduct such bargaining. (references) | ||
That approach could allow international oil companies more bargaining power with Saudi negotiators. (references) | ||
Economic History | Hungary | Unions are entitled to negotiate collective bargaining agreements. (references) |
India | Buying and selling is often a process of bargaining and negotiation. (references) | |
Saudi Arabia | Saudi labor law forbids union activity, strikes, and collective bargaining. (references) | |
Human Rights | Hungary | Plea bargaining, which is known as a trial waiver, is a tool available to prosecutors. (references) |
Romania | Due to a lack of a plea bargaining, the judicial system tends to be inefficient and slow. (references) | |
Tajikistan | The taking of hostages for revenge or for bargaining purposes remained a common occurrence. (references) | |
Political Economy | MOROCCO | The laws governing collective bargaining are inadequate. (references) |
TURKEY | Turkish law requires collective bargaining before a strike. (references) | |
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC | Only a minority of companies has collective bargaining pacts. (references) | |
Travel | Malaysia | The electrical current is 220V and cycles at 50hz. Mark-ups on products are negligible or not prohibitive and bargaining in some retail outlets is not uncommon. (references) |
Women | Austria | In January 1998, legislation went into effect that required collective bargaining units to take action by the end of the year to eliminate restrictions on nighttime work for women, and on December 31, the legislation banning nighttime work for women expired. (references) |
Worker Rights | Pakistan | The ESMA also restricts collective bargaining. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Robert Novak | After praising the crown prince, the president was asked whether the Saudi leader raised the prospect of using oil as a weapon and bargaining chip in the Middle East. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Under our collective bargaining system, which must become progressively more secure, labor attains increasing political as well as economic power, and this, as with all power, means increased responsibility. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Concessions, in this bargaining, must of course be reciprocal, not unilateral. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Now our determination to maintain a strong defense has influenced the Soviet Union to return to the bargaining table. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Bargaining" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 44.56% of the time. "Bargaining" is used about 477 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 44.56% | 213 | 20,749 |
| Noun (singular) | 29.92% | 143 | 26,451 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 21.76% | 104 | 31,955 |
| Noun (proper) | 3.77% | 18 | 82,615 |
| Total | 100.00% | 477 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "bargaining": bargaining chip ♦ bargaining position ♦ bargaining power ♦ collective bargaining ♦ Collective Bargaining Committee for Burgomasters ♦ get by bargaining ♦ in a good bargaining position ♦ plea bargaining ♦ without bargaining. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "bargaining": plea-bargaining. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
collective bargaining | 123 |
plea bargaining | 36 |
bargaining | 10 |
bargaining faith good | 10 |
interest based bargaining | 10 |
bargaining collective settlement | 8 |
bargaining verizon | 6 |
bargaining cons plea pro | 6 |
bargaining calcsea.org csd | 6 |
bargaining distributive | 5 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "bargaining"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | pazarllëk (chaffering). (various references) | |
Arabic | مساومة (haggling). (various references) | |
Chinese | 讲价 (Bargained, haggle). (various references) | |
Czech | vyjednávání (negotiation, parley), smlouvání (haggling), jednací. (various references) | |
Danish | kollektive overenskomstforhandlinger (collective bargaining, negotiations between the two sides of industry), kollektiv forhandling (collective bargaining). (various references) | |
Dutch | collectieve onderhandeling (collective bargaining), cao-overleg (collective bargaining, negotiations between the two sides of industry), cao-onderhandelingen (collective bargaining, negotiations between the two sides of industry). (various references) | |
Finnish | kaupanhieronta. (various references) | |
French | marchandage. (various references) | |
German | handelnd (acting, dealing, merchandising). (various references) | |
Greek | παζάρι (bargain, bazaar, covered market, farmer's market, market-hall, marketplace). (various references) | |
Hebrew | משא ומתן (moot, negotiation), מקוח (chaffering), מקח וממכר (haggling, trade), ת'ור (quarrel, trading), עמי"" על "מקח (haggling, trade), "תמקחות, סחור (negotiation). (various references) | |
Hungarian | alkudozás (chaffer, chaffering, haggling, horse-trade, negotiation). (various references) | |
Indonesian | tawar menawar (chaffer, haggle). (various references) | |
Italian | contrattazione collettiva (collective bargaining, negotiations between the two sides of industry). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 駆引き (haggling, strategy, tactics), 駆け引き (haggling, strategy, tactics), 掛け引き . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | かけひき (haggling, strategy, tactics). (various references) | |
Korean | 흥 을 함. (various references) | |
Manx | barganey (bargain hunting, contract, negotiate, negotiation), barganeagh (bargainer, negotiant). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | argainingbay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | poder de barganha (bargaining power), negociações colectivas (collective bargaining, negotiations between the two sides of industry), negociação colectiva (collective bargaining), acordo tarifário (collective bargaining). (various references) | |
Russian | козырь (bargaining chip, bargaining counter, ruff, trump), преимущество (advantage, advantages, bargaining chip, bargaining counter, better hand, jump, odds, pas, perquisite, point, start, superiority, vantage, whip handle). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | pogađanje cene. (various references) | |
Spanish | negociación (negotiation, trading, transaction). (various references) | |
Swedish | förhandlingsläge (bargaining position), förhandling om erkännande (plea bargaining). (various references) | |
Turkish | pazarlık (bargain, chaffer, deal, haggling, horse trading, pennyworth), görüşme (conference, conversation, debate, discussion, disputation, hearing, intercourse, interview, meeting, negotiation, parley, rap, talk). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "bargaining": outbargaining. (additional references) | |
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"Bargaining" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: baragouin, bargainings, barganing, bargeoning, bargining, barmaiding, burmanising. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "bargaining" (pronounced bÄ"rguning) |
| 4 | -u n i ng | abandoning, apportioning, auctioning, auditioning, awakening, battening, beckoning, blackening, bludgeoning, brightening, broadening, burdening, burgeoning, captioning, cautioning, championing, cheapening, christening, coarsening, commissioning, conditioning, cushioning, dampening, darkening, deadening, deafening, decommissioning, deepening, determining, disciplining, disheartening, disillusioning, enlightening, envisioning, examining, fashioning, fastening, fattening, flattening, freshening, frightening, functioning, gardening, glistening, happening, hardening, hastening, heartening, heightening, imagining, imprisoning, jettisoning, leavening, lengthening, lessening, lightening, likening, listening, loosening, maddening, malfunctioning, margining, mentioning, motioning, opening, orphaning, pardoning, partitioning, petitioning, poisoning, positioning, provisioning, questioning, quickening, rationing, reasoning, reawakening, reckoning, reconditioning, reexamining, reopening, repositioning, ripening, ruining, saddening, sanctioning, seasoning, sectioning, sharpening, shortening, sickening, siphoning, slackening, softening, stationing, stiffening, straightening, strengthening, summoning, sweetening, thickening, threatening, tightening, toughening, unquestioning, vacationing, weakening, whitening, widening, worsening. |
| 3 | -n i ng | abstaining, adjoining, adjourning, aligning, ascertaining, assigning, attaining, awning, ballooning, banning, beginning, bemoaning, binning, boning, branning, brining, Browning, burning, campaigning, caning, Canning, careening, cartooning, chaining, chaperoning, churning, cleaning, cloning, clowning, cocooning, coining, combining, complaining, concerning, condoning, confining, conning, constraining, containing, convening, Corning, couponing, crooning, crowning, cunning, dawning, declining, defining, demeaning, Denning, designing, detaining, dining, Dinning, discerning, disdaining, divining, donning, Downing, draining, droning, drowning, Dunning, Durning, earning, enjoining, entertaining, evening, explaining, fanning, fawning, feigning, fining, finning, frowning, gaining, ginning, governing, greening, grinning, groaning, gunning, headlining, honing, Horning, housecleaning, impugning, inning, intertwining, intervening, intoning, ironing, jawboning, joining, Kenning, leaning, learning, lightning, lining, loaning, machining, maintaining, Manning, meaning, midmorning, mining, moaning, morning, mourning, obtaining, opining, ordaining, outlining, overrunning, overtraining, overturning, owning, panning, penning, pertaining, phoning, pining, pinning, planning, postponing, preening, preplanning, pruning, quarantining, raining, realigning, reassigning, reclining, redefining, redesigning, redlining, refining, refraining, regaining, reigning, reining, rejoining, relearning, remaining, rerunning, resigning, restraining, retaining, retraining, returning, rezoning, running, scanning, screening, shining, shunning, signing, sinning, spanning, spawning, spinning, spurning, staining, stoning, straining, streamlining, stunning, sunning, sustaining, swooning, tanning, telephoning, thinning, toning, training, tuning, turning, twining, underlining, undermining, underpinning, unreasoning, Vining, waning, warning, weaning, whining, wining, winning, yawning, yearning, zoning. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-b-g-g-i-i-n-n-r" | |
-2 letters: braining, bringing, graining. | |
-3 letters: banging, bargain, barging, binging, brining, gaining, garbing, girning, ingrain, raining, ranging, ringing. | |
-4 letters: airbag, airing, angina, baaing, banian, baning, baring, biggin, gibing, ragbag, raging. | |
-5 letters: again, aging, agria, bairn, brain, bring, garni, grain, grana, iring, naira. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-b-g-g-i-i-n-n-r" | |
+3 letters: outbargaining. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)42 61 72 67 61 69 6E 69 6E 67 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-... .- .-. --. .- .. -. .. -. --. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000010 01100001 01110010 01100111 01100001 01101001 01101110 01101001 01101110 01100111 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)B a r g a i n i n g |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0042 0061 0072 0067 0061 0069 006E 0069 006E 0067 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)36678473677580758073 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Spoken 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
