BACK-PROPAGATION

Domain	Definition
Computing	Back-propagation (Or "backpropagation") A learning algorithm for modifying a feed-forward neural network which minimises a continuous "error function" or "objective function." Back-propagation is a "gradient descent" method of training in that it uses gradient information to modify the network weights to decrease the value of the error function on subsequent tests of the inputs. Other gradient-based methods from numerical analysis can be used to train networks more efficiently. Back-propagation makes use of a mathematical trick when the network is simulated on a digital computer, yielding in just two traversals of the network (once forward, and once back) both the difference between the desired and actual output, and the derivatives of this difference with respect to the connection weights. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Usage Frequency: BACK-PROPAGATION

"BACK-PROPAGATION" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "BACK-PROPAGATION" is used about 2 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Modern Translation: BACK-PROPAGATION

Language		Translations for "BACK-PROPAGATION"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Chinese		� �'� (Disseminate, Disseminated, Disseminating, Dissemination, Propagation, spread, spreading, spread-out). (various references)

Dutch		backpropagation, error-backpropagation. (various references)

French		retropropagation. (various references)

German		Rückwärts-Fehlerkorrektur-Algorithmus, Rückpropagierung. (various references)

Italian		propagazione a ritroso. (various references)

Japanese Kanji		バチカン宮殿 (Bacchus, bacillus, back, back charge, back combing, back issue, back margin, back music, back screen, back-band, backbone, back-drop, backfire, backgammon, background, background music, backhand, backing, backless, backlog, back-number, backpack, backpacking, backs, backskin, backslash, backspace, backspin, backstab, backstop, backstretch, backstroke, backswing, backtrack, back-tracking, backup, badge, BADGE system, bag, batch, batch size, bathyscaphe, batter in the hole, buckle, bug, bugging, merchandise obtained by buying out the inventories of failed retailers instead of going through normal wholesale channels, rearview mirror, suplex, Vatican). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		バックプロパゲーション . (various references)

Korean		후 번식. (various references)

Pig Latin		ack-propagationbay

Swedish		bakåtpropagering. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Anagrams: BACK-PROPAGATION

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-a-b-c-g-i-k-n-o-o-p-p-r-t"
	-4 letters: approbating, approbation, propagation.
	-5 letters: abrogation, apotropaic, carpogonia.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.