Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Artichoke |
ArtichokeNoun1. Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head. 2. A thistle-like flower head with edible fleshy leaves and heart. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "artichoke" was first used: 1530. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Food & Agriculture | An immature flower bud from a large plant that is part of the thistle family. Fat stalks produce large artichokes while little stalks grow smaller ones, usually lower down on the plant. One plant can produce up to 30 chokes of different sizes. Flavor is described as slightly nutty. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The artichoke (Cynara scolymus) is a type of thistle in the Family Asteraceae. The edible part of the plant is the base (receptacle) of the flower head in bud, properly called a vegetable as it is harvested well before any fruit develops. The "bud" is sometimes called globe artichoke, French artichoke, or just choke, to avoid confusion with the Jerusalem artichoke, a different plant.
Eating technique
Although Americans from the U.S West Coast are very familar with the artichoke, people from elsewhere rarely encounter this vegetable and eating one can be a trap for the inexperienced. After cooking, the large leathery "leaves" forming a tight rosette are pulled off one by one, and their soft, inner basal part (usually) dipped in some kind of sauce, perhaps mayonnaise or vinaigrette. The dipped soft part is then pulled off with the teeth and all the rest of the leaf discarded — absolutely not to be eaten. The fleshy, edible part is delicious, but quite sparse in proportion to that which is discarded.
This process continues until most of the leaves have been removed and the remaining ones are too small and delicate to bother with eating; (This point is difficult to judge and the novice artichoke eater may wish to seek guidance by discreetly watching a companion). Finally, a knife is used to remove the whole top layer of delicate and stringy leaflike structures crowning the "heart". The idea is to cut as high as possible whilst still removing all of the irritating, central "feathery" growth. If this is judged correctly, the whole top can be neatly removed leaving a large fleshy heart (note that the base of the leaves previously ingested attached here. It is this central top of the stem that supported the rosette that is sold cut up and bottled as "artichoke hearts". The lower part of this stem or stalk cannot be eaten (and should have been cut off in preparation before cooking), but the soft heart itself may be consumed with relish.
It will be seen that the art of eating this food is in itself a satisfying and time consuming matter which has wider implications than mere nourishment.
External Links
- http://oregonstate.edu/Dept/NWREC/artichgl.html
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Artichoke."
Synonyms: ArtichokeSynonyms: artichoke plant (n), globe artichoke (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Food | Alligator pear, apple; apple slump; artichoke; ashcake, griddlecake, pancake, flapjack; atole, avocado, banana, beche de mer, barbecue, beefsteak; beet root; blackberry, blancmange, bloater, bouilli, bouillon, breadfruit, chop suey; chowder, chupatty, clam, compote, damper, fish, frumenty, grapes, hasty pudding, ice cream, lettuce, mango, mangosteen, mince pie, oatmeal, oyster, pineapple, porridge, porterhouse steak, salmis, sauerkraut, sea slug, sturgeon ("Albany beef"), succotash, supawn, trepang, vanilla, waffle, walnut. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Artichoke |
| English words defined with "artichoke": artichoke heart ♦ Cynara ♦ genus Cynara ♦ Jerusalem artichoke ♦ Levulin ♦ stachyose, Synanthrose. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "artichoke": Misnomers ♦ Palestine Soup. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | A least, you can't be a vegetable, because even a artichoke has heart (Fabuleux destin d'Amélie Poulain, Le; writing credit: Guillaume Laurant; Jean-Pierre Jeunet) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Daniel Mountjoy and Jolene Lau in buffers along artichoke fields in Monterey County, CA. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | The Detroit news timely topics. Artichoke yields sweetest sugar. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | November 14, 1938. Near Half Moon Bay, California. Artichoke ranch. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Near Half Moon Bay, California coast. Artichoke farms reach to the water's edge. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Artichoke. Monterey County, California. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Artichoke" by Gary Leung Commentary: "I shot this picture with an old Pentax camera on B&W film. I also developed this myself." | "Artichoke 1" by A. Carlos Herrera Commentary: "Artichokes, alcachofas." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| "Artichoke" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 88.00% of the time. "Artichoke" is used about 25 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 88% | 22 | 74,468 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 8% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (proper) | 4% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 25 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "artichoke": artichoke heart ♦ artichoke plant ♦ globe artichoke ♦ jerusalem artichoke ♦ Jerusalem artichoke sunflower ♦ wild artichoke. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "artichoke"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | artisjok. (various references) | |
Arabic | خرشوف, أرضي شوكي. (various references) | |
Bavarian | artitschok. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | артишок. (various references) | |
Chinese | 朝鲜蓟. (various references) | |
Czech | artyèok. (various references) | |
Danish | artiskok (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Dutch | artisjok (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Esperanto | artiŝoko. (various references) | |
Farsi | کنگرفرنگی , انگنار. (various references) | |
Finnish | artisokka (globe artichoke), latva-artisokka (globe artichoke), kardoni (cardoon, globe artichoke). (various references) | |
French | artichaut (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
German | Artischocke (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Greek | αγκινάρα. (various references) | |
Hebrew | קנרס, חרשף, ארטישוק. (various references) | |
Hungarian | articsóka. (various references) | |
Italian | carciofo (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 薊 (thistle). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | あざみ (thistle). (various references) | |
Manx | onnane vlasstal. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | artichokeay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | alcachofra (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Romanian | anghinare. (various references) | |
Russian | артишок. (various references) | |
Scottish | bliosan. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | artičoka. (various references) | |
Spanish | alcachofa (globe artichoke, rose, snore piece, strainer, suction screen, suction strainer), alcaucil (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Swedish | kronärtskocka (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Turkish | enginar (globe artichoke). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | топінамбур, артишок. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | cactus, carduus, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus, Cynara cardunculus var.scolymus, Cynara scolymus. (various references) |
| Arabic | 500-Modern | al-kharshof. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "artichoke": artichokes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Artichoke" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: artechoke, artichock, autochoke, Hartishek, Matakohe. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-h-i-k-o-r-t" | |
-2 letters: achiote, chariot, chokier, erotica, haricot, hotcake, tackier, theriac, thicker. | |
-3 letters: achier, aortic, cahier, cakier, choker, chorea, cither, coater, coheir, erotic, hacker, hackie, hector, heriot, heroic, hocker, hokier, ochrea, orache, rachet, racket, retack, rochet, rocket, rotche, tacker, thoria, thoric, thrice, ticker, tocher, troche, troika. | |
-4 letters: actor, airth, aitch, areic, caret, carte, cater, ceria, chair. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-h-i-k-o-r-t" | |
+1 letter: artichokes. | |
+5 letters: heterokaryotic, hyperkeratotic, keratinophilic. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Derivations 15. Anagrams 16. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
