Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Anaphylaxis |
AnaphylaxisNoun1. Hypersensitivity reaction to the ingestion or injection of a substance (a protein or drug) resulting from prior contact with a substance. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definition |
Health | An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered antigen. The reaction may include rapidly progressing urticaria, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic shock, and death. (references) |
Public Administration | Reaction or allergy to a particular antigen. Anaphylactic shock is the extreme degree of it. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Anaphylaxis is a severe and rapid allergic systemic reaction to contact with an allergenic trigger substance (atopic or anaphylactic hypersensitivity). Minute amounts of trigger substances may cause a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis may occur after ingestion, inhalation, skin contact or injection of a trigger substance. The most severe type of anaphylaxis is termed anaphylactic shock, which may lead to circulatory collapse and death.
Immediate Action
Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening medical emergency because of rapid constriction of the airway, often within minutes of onset. Call for help immediately. First aid for anaphylactic shock consists of obtaining advanced medical care at once; rescue breathing (a skill which is part of CPR) is likely to be ineffective but should be attempted if the victim stops breathing. Look to see if a device such as an Epi-pen is available for administration of epinephrine by a layperson.
Symptoms
Symptoms can include respiratory symptoms, hypotension (low blood pressure), fainting, unconsciousness, urticaria (pruritic wheals), angioedema (swelling) and itching. The symptoms are related to the action of immunoglobulin E (IgE) which acts to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells. Histamine induces, beside other effects, vasodilation and bronchospasm (constriction of the airways).
Causes
Common causative agents in humans include food ingredients (nuts, peanuts, fruits), drugs (e.g. penicillin, contrast media, NSAIDs), latex, bee or wasp stings.
Treatment
Paramedic treatment in the field may include injection with epinephrine, administration of oxygen therapy and if necessary intubation during transport to advanced medical care.
The clinical teatment of anaphylaxis by a doctor and in the hospital setting aims at the cellular hypersensitivity reaction as well as at the symptoms. Antihistamine drugs (which inhibit the effects of histamine at histamine receptors) are usually not sufficient in anaphylaxis, and high doses of intravenous corticosteroids are often required. Hypotension is treated with intravenous fluids and sometimes vasoconstrictor drugs. For bronchospasm brochodilator drugs are used. In severe cases, immediate treatment with epinephrine may be lifesaving. Supportive care with mechanical ventilation may be required.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Anaphylaxis."
Crosswords: Anaphylaxis |
| English words defined with "anaphylaxis": anaphylactic. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "anaphylaxis": Complement 3a ♦ Ketotifen ♦ Pyroglobulins. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | As they exercise and their body temperature goes up, they begin to itch, get light-headed, and soon have allergic reactions such as hives or even anaphylaxis. (references) | |
Serious but rare events such as anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and pseudomembranous colitis should be expected as antimicrobial regimens are used more widely. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Anaphylaxis" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Anaphylaxis" is used about 6 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 6 | 143,867 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "anaphylaxis": generalyzed anaphylaxis ♦ Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ♦ systemic anaphylaxis. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
anaphylaxis | 154 |
food allergy and anaphylaxis network | 14 |
exercise induced anaphylaxis | 7 |
idiopathic anaphylaxis | 7 |
anaphylaxis shock | 5 |
anaphylaxis treatment | 5 |
symptom anaphylaxis | 4 |
anaphylaxis campaign | 4 |
anaphylaxis picture | 3 |
anaphylaxis nsaid | 3 |
anaphylaxis canada | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "anaphylaxis"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Danish | anafylaxi, anafylaksi (bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | |
Dutch | anafylaxie (bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), overgevoeligheid (hyperaesthesia, hyperesthesia). (various references) | |
Finnish | anafylaktinen shokki (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksis (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksia (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafylaksi (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), :allerginen reaktio. (various references) | |
French | anaphylaxie (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | |
German | Anaphylaxie (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), Anaphylaxia, anaphylaktische Reaktion (anaphylactic type reaction). (various references) | |
Greek | αναφυλαξία (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed., hypersensibility). (various references) | |
Italian | anafilassi (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), parafilassi. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | anaphylaxisay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | anafilaxia (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.), anafiláxis (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | |
Spanish | anafilaxia (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | |
Swedish | anaphylaxis, anafylaxi (A shock reaction that may occur in a human or other mammal following reexposure to an antigen.It is due to the inflammatory effect of histamine, anaphylactic choc, anaphylactic response, anaphylactic shock, bradykinin and serotonin released from most cells in response to the antibodies formed.). (various references) | |
Turkish | anafilaksi, aşırı duyarlılık (allergy, idiosyncrasy). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | анафілаксія. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Anaphylaxis" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: anaphalaxis, anaphilaxis. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-a-h-i-l-n-p-s-x-y" | |
-3 letters: asphyxia, phylaxis. | |
-4 letters: aliyahs, aphasia, apishly, aplasia, hyalins, paisana, phalanx, planish, salpian, salpinx. | |
-5 letters: aliyah, aliyas, alphas, hyalin, inlays, lanais, lapins, lianas, nasial, nyalas, paisan, palais, palish, phials, plains, plashy, playas, salina, sphinx, spinal, xylans. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
