Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Ammunition |
AmmunitionNoun1. Projectiles to be fired from a gun. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "ammunition" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of ammunition, foretells the undertaking of some work, which promises fruitful completion. To dream your ammunition is exhausted, denotes fruitless struggles and endeavors. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Military & Defense | A device charged with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, initiating composition, or nuclear, biological, or chemical material for use in connection with defence or offence, including demolitions. Certain ammunition can be used for training, ceremonial, or non-operational purposes. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The design of the ammunition is determined by its purpose; anti-personnel ammunition is often designed to break up or tumble inside the target, in order to maximize the damage done. Anti-personnel shells contain shrapnel and are designed to explode in mid-air, so its fragments will spread over a large area.
(add some info about other types of ammunition)
Popular types of military rifle and machine-gun ammunition include 5.45mm, 5.56mm and 7.62mm caliber. Main battle tanks use KE-penetrators to combat other MBTs and armoured fighting vehicles, and HE-Frag (High Explosive-Fragmentation) for soft targets such as infantry.
(Below is an outdated text from 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica. It should be rewritten and moved to a history page IMHO.)
The components of ammunition intended for rifles and ordnance may be divided into (a) explosives and propellants, (b) projectiles of all kinds, and (c) cartridges. The military classification of explosives differs somewhat from that of the Explosives Act 1875, but, broadly speaking, they are divided into two groups. The first of these comprises explosives in bulk, made-up cartridges for cannon, and filled quick-firing cartridges; Group II contains small-arm cartridges, fuzes, primers, tubes, filled shells (fuzed or unfuzed), &c. Each group is subdivided, and arrangements are made for storing certain divisions of Group I in a magazine in separate compartments. All the divisions of Group II are, and the remaining divisions of Group I (comprising wet gun-cotton, picric acid and Q.F. cartridges) may be, stored in ammunition stores.
These general conditions apply to the storage of ammunition in fortresses. Here the positions for the magazine and ammunition stores are so chosen as to afford the best means of protection from an enemy's fire. Huge earth parapets cover these buildings, which are further strengthened, where possible, by traverses protecting the entrances. For the purpose of filling, emptying and examining cannon cartridges and shell, a laboratory is generally provided at some distance from the magazine. The various stores for explosives are classified into those under magazine conditions (viz. magazines, laboratories and cartridge stores) and those with which these restrictions need not be observed (viz. ammunition and shell stores). The interior walls of a magazine are lined and the floors laid so that there may be no exposed iron or steel. At the entrance there is a lobby or barrier, inside which persons about to enter the magazine change their clothes for a special suit, and their boots for a pair made without nails. In an ammunition or shell store these precautions need not be taken except where the shell store and the adjacent cartridge store have a common entrance; persons entering may do so in their ordinary clothes. A large work may have a main magazine and several subsidiary magazines, from which the stock of cartridges is renewed in the cartridge stores attached to each group of guns or in the expense cartridge stores and cartridge recesses. The same applies to main ammunition stores which supply the shell stores, expense stores and recesses.
The supply of ammunition may be divided roughly into (a) that for guns forming the movable armament, (b) that for guns placed in permanent positions. The movable armament will consist of guns and howitzers of small and medium calibre, and it is necessary to arrange suitable expense cartridge stores and shell stores close to the available positions. They can generally be constructed to form part of the permanent work in the projected face of traverses or other strong formations, and should be arranged for a twenty-four hours' supply of ammunition. These stores are refilled from the main magazine every night under cover of darkness. Light railways join the various positions. The guns mounted in permanent emplacements are divided into groups of two or three guns each, and usually each group will require but one calibre of ammunition. A cartridge store, shell store and a general store, all well ventilated, are arranged for the especial service of such a group of guns. In the cartridge store the cylinders containing the cartridges are so placed and labelled that the required charge, whether reduced or full, can be immediately selected.
In the shell store also for the same reason the common shell are separated from the armour-piercing or shrapnel. Each nature of projectile is painted in a distinctive manner to render identification easy. The fuzes, tubes, &c., are placed in the general store with the tools and accessories belonging to the guns. The gun group is distinguished by some letter and the guns of the group by numerals; thus, A/1 is number one gun of group A. The magazine and shell stores are also indicated by the group letter, and so that mistakes, even by those unaccustomed to the fort, may be avoided, the passages are pointed out by finger posts and direction boards. For the immediate service of each gun a few cartridges and projectiles are stored in small receptacles -- called cartridge and shell recesses respectively -- built in the parapet as near the gun position as practicable. In some cases a limited number of projectiles may be placed close underneath the parapet if this is conveniently situated near the breech of the gun and not exposed to hostile fire.
In order to supply the ammunition sufficiently rapidly for the efficient service of modern guns, hydraulic, electric or hand-power hoists are employed to raise the cartridges and shell from the cartridge store and shell store to the gun floor, whence they are transferred to a derrick or loading tray attached to the mounting for loading the gun.
Projectiles for B.L. guns above 6-inch calibre are stored in shell stores ready filled and fuzed standing on their bases, except shrapnel and high-explosive shell, which are fuzed only when about to be used. Smaller sizes of shells are laid on their sides in layers, each layer pointing in the opposite direction to the one below to prevent injury to the driving bands. Cartridges are stored in brass corrugated cases or in zinc cylinders. The corrugated cases are stacked in layers in the magazine with the mouth of the case towards a passage between the stacks, so that it can be opened and the cartridges removed and transferred to a leather case when required for transport to the gun. Cylinders are stacked, when possible, vertically one above the other. The charges are sent to the gun in these cylinders, and provision is made for the rapid removal of the empty cylinders.
The number and nature of rounds allotted to any fortress depends on questions of policy and location, the degrees of resistance the nature of the works and personnel could reasonably be expected to give, and finally on the nature of the armament. That is to say, for guns of large calibre three hundred to four hundred rounds per gun might be sufficient, while for light Q.F. guns it might amount to one thousand or more rounds per gun. (A. G. H.)
Supply of ammunition in the field.
With every successive improvement in military arms there has necessarily been a corresponding modification in the method of supplying ammunition and in the quantity required to be supplied. When hand-to-hand weapons were the principal implements of battle, there was, of course, no such need, but even in the middle ages the archers and crossbowmen had to replenish the shafts and bolts expended in action, and during a siege stone bullets of great size, as well as heavy arrows, were freely used. The missiles of those days were, however, interchangeable, and at the battle of Towton (1461) the commander of the Yorkist archers, by inducing the enemy to waste his arrows, secured a double supply of ammunition for his own men. This interchangeability of war material was even possible for many centuries after the invention of firearms. At the battle of Liegnitz in 1760 a general officer was specially commissioned by Frederick the Great to pack up and send away, for Prussian use, all the muskets and ammunition left on the field of battle by the defeated Austrians. Captured material is, of course, utilized whenever possible, at the present time, and in the Chino-Japanese War the Japanese went so far as to prepare beforehand spare parts for the Chinese guns they expected to capture (Wei-Hai-Wei, 1895), but it is rare to find a modern army trusting to captures for arms and ammunition; almost the only instance of the practice is that of the Chilean civil war of 1891, in which the army of one belligerent was almost totally dependent upon this means of replenishing stores of arms and
cartridges. But what was possible with weapons of comparatively rough make is no longer to be thought of in the case of modern arms. The Lee-Metford bullet of .303 inch diameter can scarcely be used in a rifle of smaller calibre, and in general the minute accuracy of parts in modern weapons makes interchangeability almost impossible. Further, owing to the rapidity with which, in modern arms, ammunition is expended, and the fact that, as battles are fought at longer ranges than formerly, more shots have to be fired in order to inflict heavy losses, it is necessary that the reserves of ammunition should be as close as possible to the troops who have to use them. This was always the case even with the older firearms, as, owing to the great weight of the ammunition, the soldier could carry but few rounds on his person. Nevertheless it is only within the past seventy years that there has grown up the elaborate system of ammunition supply which now prevails in all regularly organized armies. That which is described in the present article is the British, as laid down in the official Combined Training (1905) and other manuals. The new system designed for stronger divisions, and others, vary only in details and nomenclature.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ammunition."
Synonym: AmmunitionSynonym: ammo (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Arms | Ammunition; powder, powder and shot; cartridge; ball cartridge, cartouche, fireball; "villainous saltpeter"; dumdum bullet. |
Materials | Materials; supplies, munition, fuel, grist, household stuff pabulum; (food); ammunition; (arms); contingents; relay, reinforcement, reenforcement; baggage; (personal property); means; calico, cambric, cashmere. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Its six barrels are capable of firing four thousand rounds of ammunition per minute. (Blue Thunder; writing credit: Don Jakoby; Dan O'Bannon) Save your ammunition, Autobots! (Transformers; writing credit: George Arthur Bloom; Doug Booth) It fires 750 rounds of 9-millimeter ammunition per minute. (The Taking of Pelham One Two Three; writing credit: John Godey; Peter Stone) An experimental weapon with experimental ammunition. (Quigley Down Under; writing credit: John Hill) | |
Lyrics | You have just run out of ammunition, (Son Of A Gun (I Betcha Think This Song Is About You); performing artist: Janet Jackson) | |
Clever | Warning! Driver Only Carries $20.00 In Ammunition. (references; author: unknown) Without ammunition, the USAF would be just another very expensive flying club. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Praise Marx and Pass the Ammunition (1970) Ammunition Wagons Arriving on the Battlefield (1901) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Airman loading ammunition. |  | After completing the combat rifle portion of Defender Challenge 2000, Capt. Steve Sugiyama, from the 11th Wing at Bolling Air Force Base, D.C., ensures that all rounds issued had been fired at the ammunition declaration tent at Camp Bullis, Texas, Oct. 31. |
 | U.S. Battleship Oregon, taking on ammunition from a tug, at Siboney, Cuba.Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Receives ammunition and fuel at Sasebo, Japan, on 6 July 1950. Flagship of Rear Admiral John M. Higgins, Commander, Task Group 96.5, Juneau actively patrolled and bombarded along the Korean east coast from 28 June to 5 July 1950. She was the first U.S. Navy cruiser to see combat action during the Korean War. Note Japanese floating crane alongside.Credit: NAVY. |
 | "Loaded Down -- Seaman Leroy Kellam ... weighted down with belts of 20 millimeter cannon ammunition, hustles up the flight deck of USS Essex to load a waiting Banshee fighter. These same shells were spitting death at the Communists in North Korea a short time after this picture was taken." Photograph and caption were released by Commander, Naval Forces, Far East under date of 12 October 1951.Credit: NAVY. |  | "Praise the Lord and pass the ammunition!!?".Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Now, boys, for the ammunition.Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Jewish girls liberated by U.S. 9th Army troops from ammunition factory in Kaunitz, Germany.Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | French children watching the 101st Ammunition train, 26th Division, passing through village of Soulosse, France on way to front.Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Savannah, Ga., vicinity. Sherman's troops removing ammunition from Fort McAllister in wheelbarrows.Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Play | Caption |
 | Machine gun shooting rounds of ammunition. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | On the expiration of a period of two months from the coming into force of the present Treaty the stocks of ammunition for these guns shall be reduced to and maintained at a maximum figure of fifteen hundred rounds per piece for calibres of 4.1-inch and under, and five hundred rounds per piece for higher calibres. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The insurgents made no response to this musketry, to spare their ammunition. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Then sheriffs swore in deputies in droves, and orders were rushed for rifles, for tear gas, for ammunition. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The majority of defense exports include ammunition and spare parts. (references) | |
An import licenser granted by the Danish Ministry of Justice is required for civilians to import arms and ammunition. (references) | ||
Turning over a symbol of national pride to foreigners gives opposition lawmakers ammunition to fight reform in an effort to humble the current administration. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | India | The police maintain that they fired at the crowd with live ammunition only after efforts to quell the disturbance with tear gas and rubber bullets had failed. (references) |
Economic History | Portugal | Its current activity, however, is only manufacturing ammunition. (references) |
Turkey | Thousands of terrorists were captured, along with large caches of weapons and ammunition. (references) | |
Human Rights | Ghana | No weapons or ammunition were found, and the IGP directed the Western Regional Police Commander to apologize to the chief. (references) |
Israel and the occupied territories | Security forces fired live ammunition into the crowds, injuring approximately 50 persons and killing 5 Palestinian civilians. (references) | |
Belarus | In addition copies of a log book containing records of the issue of the alleged execution weapon and ammunition were made public. (references) | |
Political Economy | TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO | The import of firearms, ammunition, and narcotics are rigidly controlled or prohibited. (references) |
PARAGUAY | However, the United States prohibits the export of U.S. guns and ammunition to Paraguay. (references) | |
Sudan | Police fired at the protesters and used tear gas, live ammunition, grenades, canes and batons to disperse them. (references) | |
Trade | Panama | Special import permits are required for all types of firearms and ammunition. (references) |
Taiwan | Imports of 252 categories are "restricted", including ammunition and some agricultural products. (references) | |
Georgia | Licenses for the import of weapons and ammunition must be obtained from the Ministry of Interior. (references) | |
Travel | Greece | Travelers must get special permission from Greek police authorities before bringing firearms and ammunition into the country. (references) |
Worker Rights | Brazil | Although police said that they used only tear gas and rubber bullets, live ammunition was found in Ferreira's body. (references) |
Burma | Local villages reportedly must provide males to the authorities every 2 weeks to serve as porters and to carry food and ammunition toward the border with Bangladesh to military camps. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | An immediate prohibition of the exportation of arms and ammunition is also submitted to your determination. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Soon after the Columbine tragedy, Congress considered common-sense gun legislation, to require Brady background checks at the gun shows, child safety locks for new handguns, and a ban on the importation of large-capacity ammunition clips. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Ammunition" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.18% of the time. "Ammunition" is used about 609 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.18% | 604 | 10,619 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.82% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Total | 100.00% | 609 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "ammunition": ammunition and toxic material open space ♦ ammunition belt ♦ Ammunition bread ♦ ammunition chest ♦ ammunition clip ♦ ammunition depot ♦ ammunition dump ♦ ammunition pocket ♦ ammunition pouch ♦ ammunition store ♦ ammunition supply ♦ ammunition supply point ♦ ammunition unit ♦ ammunition wagon ♦ ammunition with explosive projectiles ♦ ammunition with incendiary projectiles ♦ ammunition with penetrating projectiles ♦ biological ammunition ♦ blank ammunition ♦ chemical ammunition ♦ Fixed ammunition ♦ incendiary ammunition ♦ live ammunition ♦ nuclear ammunition ♦ practice ammunition ♦ reserve ammunition ♦ round of ammunition ♦ separate loading ammunition ♦ small arms ammunition ♦ stand of ammunition ♦ tracer ammunition ♦ unit of ammunition. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
ammunition | 1,766 | ammunition sale | 53 |
gun and ammunition | 518 | hand gun ammunition | 52 |
federal ammunition | 456 | bulk ammunition | 50 |
winchester ammunition | 266 | norma ammunition | 47 |
cci ammunition | 123 | aguila ammunition | 47 |
remington ammunition | 121 | ammunition military surplus | 44 |
surplus ammunition | 119 | corbon ammunition | 42 |
black hills ammunition | 112 | 22 ammunition | 40 |
wolf ammunition | 95 | 308 ammunition | 39 |
discount ammunition | 85 | speer ammunition | 38 |
cheap ammunition | 74 | ammunition poetic | 38 |
gun and ammunition magazine | 73 | wholesale ammunition | 36 |
ammunition reloading | 72 | blank ammunition | 35 |
223 ammunition | 72 | ammunition sales | 34 |
hornady ammunition | 72 | pistol ammunition | 34 |
shotgun ammunition | 67 | gun and ammunition auction | 33 |
ammunition box | 64 | 17 ammunition hmr | 32 |
9mm ammunition | 63 | military ammunition | 32 |
pmc ammunition | 61 | wholesale gun and ammunition | 30 |
rifle ammunition | 58 | ammunition can | 29 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "ammunition"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | ammunisie (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | municion (ammo, munition), mjet sulmi, mjet mbrojteje. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | ذخيرة (ammo, dump, hoard, munitions, repertory, reserve, reservoir, store), الذخيرة (supply). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | средства за борба, муниции (munitions), бойни средства, боеприпаси (ammo, munitions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 彈藥 , 弹药 (ammo). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | střelivo (munition), munice (ammo), dùkazy. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | ammunition (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | munitie (munition), ammunitie (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | municio (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | lóður (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | ammukset. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | munitions (ammo), munition. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | ammunysje (munition), munysje (munition). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Munition (ammo, munition, munitions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πυρομαχικά (ammo). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | תחמושת (munitions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | muníció (ammo, munition of war, munitions, munitions of war). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | amunisi, mesiu, gudang amunisi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | cartucce. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 弾薬 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | や ま (arrows and bullets), "やく. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 탄약 (ammo). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | tashtey caggee. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ammunitionay munição (munition, slingshot). (various references) arsenal (armory, armoury, Arsenal, stock, stock in trade), muniţii (ammo, magazine, munition), muniţie, cheson (caisson, locker). (various references) орудие (breech-loader, cannon, gun, implement, instrument, tool), защита (advocacies, advocacy, aegis, assertion, bulwark, championship, defence, defense, keeping, pleading, protected tub, protected tubs, protection, protector, safer, shield, vindication), боеприпасы (ammo). (various references) municija (ammo, munition, munitions). (various references) munición (ammo, munition). (various references) ammunition (ammo, munition). (various references) cephane (ammo, arm, arms, munition, munitions). (various references) zarяadi (r) (cartridge), ok-dari. (various references) снаряди, бо"припаси (armament, hardware), підривні засоби, патрони. (various references) đạn dược. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | munitio. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "ammunition": ammunitions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Ammunition" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: abmonition, amanitin, amination, ammonitico, ammonition, amunition. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "ammunition" (pronounced a'myuni"shun) |
| 6 | -u n i" sh u n | admonition, clinician, definition, premonition, redefinition. |
| 5 | -n i" sh u n | cognition, ignition, munition, preignition, recognition, technician. |
| 4 | -i" sh u n | abolition, academician, acquisition, addition, admission, ambition, apparition, attrition, audition, coalition, commission, competition, composition, condition, contrition, decommission, decomposition, demolition, dentition, deposition, dietitian, disposition, edition, electrician, emission, erudition, exhibition, expedition, exposition, extradition, fission, fruition, geriatrician, imposition, inhibition, inquisition, intermission, intuition, juxtaposition, logician, magician, malnutrition, mathematician, mission, mortician, musician, nutrition, obstetrician, omission, opposition, optician, partition, patrician, pediatrician, permission, petition, physician, politician, position, precondition, predisposition, presupposition, prohibition, proposition, recondition, reimposition, remission, rendition, repetition, reposition, requisition, retransmission, rhetorician, sedition, statistician, submission, superstition, supposition, suspicion, tactician, theoretician, titian, tradition, transition, transmission, tuition, volition. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abomination, abortion, abrogation, absolution, absorption, abstraction, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoption, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, auction, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, education, egyptian, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extinction, extortion, extraction, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, lotion, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstruction, occupation, ocean, operation, oppression, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, passion, pasteurization, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, predestination, prediction, predilection, preelection, preemption, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, replication, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resumption, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subscription, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, suppression, suspension, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, titillation, toleration, traction, transaction, transcription, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-i-i-m-m-n-n-o-t-u" | |
-2 letters: mountain, munition. | |
-3 letters: manitou, manumit, minutia, tinamou. | |
-4 letters: ammino, amnion, amount, anoint, intima, ionium, manito, manitu, minima, minion, minium, muntin, nation, nomina, numina, outman, tinman. | |
-5 letters: amino, amnio, animi, anion, imaum, imino, inion, matin, miaou, minim, mount, muton, niton, notum, onium, toman, union, unman. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-i-i-m-m-n-n-o-t-u" | |
+1 letter: ammunitions. | |
+2 letters: immunization. | |
+3 letters: anticommunism, anticommunist, communicating, communication, communitarian, communization, immunizations. | |
+4 letters: anticommunisms, anticommunists, communications, communitarians, communizations. | |
+5 letters: communicational, excommunicating, excommunication, incommunicative, monumentalities, monumentalizing, uncommunicative. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)41 6D 6D 75 6E 69 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
