Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Acid |
AcidAdjective1. Harsh or corrosive in tone; "an acerbic tone piercing otherwise flowery prose"; "a barrage of acid comments"; "her acrid remarks make her many enemies"; "bitter words"; "blistering criticism"; "caustic jokes about political assassination, talk-show hosts and medical ethics"; "a sulfurous denunciation". 2. (chemistry) containing acid; "an acid taste". Noun1. Any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt. 2. A powerful hallucinogenic drug. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "acid" was first used: 1626. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | ACID |
Chemistry | A substance capable of neutralizing bases with the formation of salts. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Denotes a material(slag or refractory)whose index of basicity is less than 1. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Dream Interpretation | To drink any acid is an adverse dream, bringing you much anxiety. For a woman to drink aciduous liquors, denotes that she may ensnare herself with compromising situations; even health may be involved. To see poisonous acids, some treachery against you may be discovered. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Food & Agriculture | Substances which increase the acidity of a foodstuff and/or impart a sour taste to it. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A)describes the primary taste produced by dilute aqueous solutions of most acid substances(for example, citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid); b)describes the attribute of pure substances or mixtures which produces this taste. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| Term applied to a wine containing an excessive amount of acid, usually a wine made from grapes not completely ripe. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Hydrologic | A substance that has a pH of less than 7, which is neutral. Specifically, an acid has more free hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxyl ions (OH-). (references) |
Mining | A. A solution of pH less than 7.0 at 25 degrees C. b. A substance containing hydrogen that may be replaced by metals with theformation of salts C. b. A substance containing hydrogen that may be replaced by metals with theformation of salts. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Acidity is typically measured using the pH scale.
Acidic (chemistry), the opposite to basic, reacting with basics to form salts. Acidic (geology), of rock: containing more than 65% of silica.
The Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius defined an acid to be a substance that gave up hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, while bases are substances that give up hydroxide ions (OH-). Notice that this definition limits acids and bases to substances that can dissolve in water. Later on, Bronsted and Lowry defined an acid to be a proton donor and a base to be a proton acceptor. In this definition, even substances that are insoluble in water can be acids and bases. The most general definition of acids and bases is the Lewis definition. A Lewis acid is an electron acceptor, while a Lewis base is an electron donor. Acid/base systems are different from redox reactions in that there is no change in oxidation state.
This is used to quantify oxidation. It is the quantity of base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 g of sample.
AN = (Veq-beq)×N×56.1/Woil ).
Veq is the amount of titrant (ml) consumed by crude oil sample and 1ml spiking solution at the equivalent point, and beqbeq is the amount of titrant (ml) consumed by 1ml spiking solution at the equivalent point.
The molarity concentration of titrant (N) is calculated as such:
N = 1000×WKHP/(204.23×Veq).
In which, WKHP is the amount (g) of KHP in 50ml of KHP standard solution, and Veq is the amount of titrant (ml) consumed by 50ml KHP standard solution at the equivalent point.
Acid number (mgKOH/g oil) for biodiesel is preferred to be lower than 3.
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In databases, ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. They are considered to be the key transaction processing features of a database management system, or DBMS. Without them, the integrity of the database cannot be guaranteed.
In the context of databases, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. A transfer of funds from one account to another is considered a transaction, for example, even though it might consist of multiple tasks (debiting one account and crediting another). The ACID properties guarantee that such transactions are processed reliably.
ACID suggests that the database be able to perform all of these operations at once. In fact this is difficult to arrange. There are two popular families of techniques: Write ahead logging and Shadow paging. In both cases, lockss must be acquired on all information that is read and updated. In write ahead logging, atomicity is guaranteed by ensuring that all REDO and UNDO information is written to a log before it is written to the database. In shadowing, updates are applied to a copy of the database, and the new copy is activated when the transaction commits. The copy refers to unchanged parts of the old version of the database, rather than being an entire duplicate.
In distributed transactions, two-phase commit is typically applied to ensure that each participant on the transaction agree on whether the transaction should be committed or not.
Care must be taken when running transactions in parallel. Two phase locking is typically applied to guarantee full isolation.
The ACID concept is described in ISO/IEC 10026-1:1992 Section 4. (From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Since Lavoisier's knowledge of strong acids was mainly restricted to the oxyacids, which tend to contain central atoms in high oxidation states surrounded by oxygen, such as HNO3 and H2SO4, and since he was not aware of the true composition of the hydrohalic acids, HCl, HBr, and HI, he defined acids in terms of their containing oxygen, which in fact he named from Greek words meaning "acid-former". When the elements chlorine, bromine, and iodine were identified and the absence of oxygen in the hydrohalic acids was established, this definition had to be rejected.
Svante Arrhenius provided the first modern definition of acids and bases in 1884. In water, a dissociation takes place:
An Arrhenius acid, when dissociated in water, typically yields positively-charged hydrogen ion and a complementary negative ion.
An Arrhenius base, when dissociated in water, typically yields negatively-charged hydroxide ion and a complementary positive ion.
The positive ion from a base can form a salt from the negative ion of an acid. For example, two moless of the base sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can combine with one mole of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form two moles of water and one mole of sodium sulfate.
The Brønsted-Lowry definition, formulated independently by its two proponents in 1923, revolves around an acid's ability to donate protons (H+) to another compound, called a base, in a chemical reaction.
A base is a proton acceptor. In Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reactions, there is a "competition" between two bases for a proton. so that if X and Y are two species, the equilibrium
Acids and bases in the Brønsted-Lowry system occur in conjugate pairs; in the reaction
Some compounds, like water, can act either as an acid or a base, and are called amphoteric compounds. Stronger acids also typically oxidize metals, forming salts and releasing hydrogen.
See pH for a measure of proton concentration frequently used for measuring acidity and alkalinity using this definition.
This definition is based on a generalization of the earlier Arrhenius definition. If we consider a solvent which can be dissociated into a positive species X and a negative species Y:
In this more general sense, aprotic compounds (those which do not donate protons), can still react with bases, and the terms "acid" and "base" can still be used for reactions in aprotic or non-aqueous environments.
The more general definition offered by Lewis in 1923 (the same year as the Brønsted-Lowry definition) describes the reactivity of an acid in terms of its ability to accept a pair of electrons from a base, defined as an electron-pair donor. In general, an acid reacts with a base by forming a new covalent bond utilizing an empty orbital of the acid to share the extra electron pair of the base. Characteristics
Acids are generally:
Acids in Food
Different Definitions of Acid/Base
The word acid comes from the Latin acidus meaning sour. Chemically though the term acid has a more specific meaning. Acid number
Other meanings
ACID
Implementing the ACID properties correctly is not simple. Processing a transaction often requires a number of small changes to be made, including updating indexes that are used by the system to speed up searches. This sequence of operations is subject to failure for a number of reasons; for instance, the system may have no room left on its disk drives.Acid-base reaction theories
Lavoisier's definition
The Arrhenius definition
A compound causing an increase in H+ and a decrease in OH- is an acid and one causing the reverse is a base.The protonic (Brønsted-Lowry) definition
occurs. Both HX and HY are Brønsted-Lowry acids; both X- and Y- are Brønsted-Lowry bases. If the reaction runs mostly to the left, then HY is the stronger acid and X- the stronger base; if the reaction runs mostly to the right, then HX is the stronger acid and Y- the stronger base.
HX is denoted the conjugate acid of the base X-, and X- is denoted the conjugate base of the acid HX. The solvent-system definition
or
or
a compound causing an increase in X+ (or X2Y+) and a decrease in Y- (or XY2-) is an acid and one causing the reverse is a base. For example in liquid sulfur dioxide (SO2), thionyl compounds (formally supplying SO+2) behave as acids, and sulfites (supplying SO3-2) behave as bases.The electronic (Lewis) definition
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Acid."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
ACID | English | Acoustical Imaging Development | Computing, European Union |
ACID | French | Atomicité,cohérence,isolation et durabilité | Computing |
| AIB Acid | English | Amino-Isobutyric(acid) | Chemistry |
| Ac.,Ac. | English | Acid | Chemistry, Chemical Industry |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: AcidSynonyms: acerb (adj), acerbic (adj), acrid (adj), bitter (adj), blistering (adj), caustic (adj), sulfurous (adj), sulphurous (adj), venomous (adj), virulent (adj), vitriolic (adj), lysergic acid diethylamide (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Bane | Albany hemp, arsenious oxide, arsenious acid; bichloride of mercury; carbonic acid, carbonic gas; choke damp, corrosive sublimate, fire damp; hydrocyanic acid, cyanide, Prussic acid, hydrogen cyanide; marsh gas, nux vomica, ratsbane. |
Calefaction | Cauterizer; caustic, lunar caustic, alkali, apozem, moxa; acid, aqua fortis, aqua regia; catheretic, nitric acid, nitrochloro-hydric acid, nitromuriatic acid; radioactivity, gamma rays, alpha particles, beta rays, X-rays, radiation, cosmic radiation, background radiation, radioactive isotopes, tritium, uranium, plutonium, radon, radium. |
Experiment | Verification, probation, experimentum crucis, proof, (demonstration); criterion, diagnostic, test, probe, crucial test, acid test, litmus test. |
Insulation, Fire extinction | Wet blanket; fire extinguisher, soda and acid extinguisher, dry chemical extinguisher, CO-two extinguisher, carbon tetrachloride, foam; sprinklers, automatic sprinkler system; fire bucket, sand bucket. |
Intemperance | Bhang, hashish, marijuana, pot, hemp, grass; opium, cocaine, morphine, heroin; LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide; phencyclidine, angel dust, PCP; barbiturates; amphetamines, speed. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Acid |
| Non-English Usage: "Acid" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Albanian (acetous, acid, mordant, sour, tart), German (acid), Hawaiian (acetous, acid, sour, tart), Romanian (acid, acidulous, sour). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Let me see if I've got this straight, Lieutenant: it's an 8-foot creature, some kind with acid for blood, kills on sight, and is generally unpleasant (Alien³; writing credit: Dan O'Bannon; Ronald Shusett) Were you burned by acid, or something like that (The Princess Bride; writing credit: William Goldman) You eat a lot of acid, Miller, back in the hippie days (Repo Man; writing credit: Alex Cox) Water scorches like acid, and fledglings are devastated by sunlight's touch I would have to modify my tactics to suit my foes (Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver; writing credit: Amy Hennig) Are you on acid Henry (G vs E; writing credit: David Burris; Janice Engel) | |
Clever | 1968: Acid Rock. 1998: Acid Reflux. (references; author: unknown) 1968: Take acid. 1998: Take antacid. (references; author: unknown) In the '60's people took acid to make the world weird. Now the world is weird, and people take Prozac to make it normal. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Acid Girls (1969) Or Rebirth of a Nation Acid Mantra (1968) The Acid Eaters (1968) Acid - delirio dei sensi (1968) The Acid Test (1924) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shows photo of Dr. George Bancroft and other woman scientist working in Metabolism Branch Laboratory. Dr. Bancroft studies how cancer cells transform glycogen into lactic acid. (1931). Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | Scientist is performing an amino acid analysis which is used to look at the detail of cellular molecules. Knowing the genetic code and the way it relates to proteins made by the body are tools to understand cancer cells. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |
 | Photomicrograph of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyts in stool smear, acid fast stain. Photograph of water fountain with sign that water is unsafe. Parasite. Credit: CDC. |  | Ziehl-Neelsen technique is used for staining acid-fast bacteria using a carbol-fuchsin solution, decolorizing in acid alcohol, and counterstaining with methylene blue. Mycobacteria have waxy coated cell walls which prevents Gram staining. Credit: CDC. |
 | A fog sampler mounted on the bow of the PEIRCE Fog sampler was designed to capture mist droplets Fog captured would be analyzed for acid content. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Collecting water samples for acid rain analysis in a Chesapeake wetland tributary. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | A rainwater collector - part of an acid rain observation network that extends from Hilo all the way up Mauna Loa to the observatory at various elevations. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Acid stream mine drainage at iron Mountain Mine. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Acid run off at Iron Mountain Mine. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Anemometer, thermometer, current drag, sextant, and carbonic acid apparatus. In: "The Voyage of H. M. S. CHALLENGER A Summary....", Part I, p. xxxi. Library Call Number Q115.C4 1880 summary pt. 1. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Andrew Jensen | The real acid test of courage is to be just your honest self when everybody is trying to be like somebody else. |
Bill Hicks | How about a positive LSD story, that would be newsworthy. Don't you think? Anybody think that? Just once, to hear a positive LSD story. "Today, a young man on acid, realised that all matter is merely energy condensed to a slow vibration. That we are all one consciousness experiencing itself subjectively, there is no such thing as death, life is only a dream, and we are the imagination of ourselves... here's Tom with the weather." |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | Tobacco, coffee, alcohol, hashish, prussic acid, strychnine, are weak dilutions; the surest poison is time. |
Seneca | Anger: an acid that can do more harm to the vessel in which it is stored than to anything on which it is poured. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Add sulphur and tannic acid. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | See deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (references) | |
These foods increase the amount of acid in the urine. (references) | ||
Drugs made from bile acid are used to dissolve the stones. (references) | ||
Business | More than 1.3 billion tons of coal a year is the main cause China’s acid rain and SO2 emissions. (references) | |
Equipment is needed for monitoring networks in Chinese urban areas and in the Acid Rain and SO2 Control Zones. (references) | ||
Thirty percent of China’s total territory suffers from acid rain, most of if falling in the south part of the country. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | India | Police allege that the protesters turned violent, throwing bombs and bottles filled with acid at police. (references) |
Economic History | China | Acid rain falls on 30% of the country. (references) |
Ukraine | Stimulation technologies such as hydraulic fracturing and acid stimulation are not available. (references) | |
Human Rights | Cote d'Ivoire | Soldiers poured acid on Diomande and then beat him to death. (references) |
Colombia | The FARC used sulfuric acid in the gas canisters that it employed as artillery and continued its practice of using these canisters to attack small towns. (references) | |
Pakistan | In March 2000, a judge sentenced two prisoners convicted of killing almost 100 children to be executed by having their bodies cut into 100 and 98 pieces, respectively, and then having the pieces dissolved in acid. (references) | |
Trade | Egypt | All preservatives must be identified along with the allowed concentration as a percentage in parts per million calculated on the acid base. (references) |
Singapore | The sale of Vitamin B15 (Pangamic Acid) and Vitamin B17 (Amygdalin) is prohibited under the Sale of Drugs (Prohibited Drugs) Regulations 1985. (references) | |
Women | Bangladesh | Few perpetrators of the acid attacks are prosecuted. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | On the question of acid rain, which concerns people in many areas of the United States and Canada, I'm proposing a research program that doubles our current funding. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Acid" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.67% of the time. "Acid" is used about 4,837 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.67% | 4,821 | 2,030 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.31% | 15 | 90,616 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,837 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Indonesia | Budi Acid Jaya Tbk. P.T. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "acid": 1-Carboxyglutamic Acid ♦ 2-Aminoadipic Acid ♦ 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid ♦ 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid ♦ 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ♦ 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid ♦ 4-Aminobenzoic Acid ♦ 5'-Guanylic Acid ♦ 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ♦ 6-Aminocaproic Acid ♦ 9-cis retinoic acid ♦ abietic acid ♦ Abscisic Acid ♦ acetic acid ♦ acetic acid bacteria ♦ acetic acid fermentation ♦ acetoacetic acid ♦ Acetous acid ♦ Acetrizoic Acid ♦ acetylsalicylic acid ♦ Acid albumin ♦ Acid amide ♦ Acid Anhydride Hydrolases ♦ acid anhydrides ♦ acid bath ♦ acid battery ♦ acid Bessemer pig iron ♦ acid Bessemer steel ♦ acid carbonic ♦ acid catalist lacquer ♦ acid catalysed lacquer ♦ acid catalyzed lacquer ♦ acid densimeter ♦ acid drops ♦ acid dye ♦ acid esters ♦ acid green ♦ acid halide ♦ acid head ♦ acid hydrogen ♦ acid milling dyes ♦ Acid Phosphatase ♦ Acid Phosphatase Test ♦ acid potassium tartrate ♦ acid precipitation ♦ Acid process ♦ acid proof ♦ acid rain ♦ acid remark ♦ acid resistance ♦ acid resistant ♦ acid resisting ♦ acid rock ♦ acid rocks ♦ Acid salt ♦ acid sodium carbonate ♦ acid soil ♦ acid suit ♦ acid test ♦ acid value ♦ acoustic acid ♦ acrylic acid ♦ Active valeric acid ♦ activity of an acid ♦ adenylic acid ♦ adipic acid ♦ Aerial acid ♦ agaric acid ♦ alginic acid ♦ aliphatic acid ♦ Allantoic acid ♦ allanturic acid ♦ alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid ♦ alpha-Linolenic Acid ♦ Amic acid ♦ amido acid ♦ amido formic acid ♦ amino acid ♦ Amino Acid Activation ♦ Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones ♦ amino acid cysteine ♦ Amino Acid Isomerases ♦ Amino Acid K ♦ Amino Acid Motifs ♦ Amino Acid Neurotransmitters ♦ Amino Acid Oxidoreductases ♦ amino acid sequence ♦ Amino Acid Substitution ♦ aminoacetic acid ♦ aminoalkanoic acid ♦ aminobenzoic acid ♦ Aminoethylphosphonic Acid ♦ aminolevulinic acid ♦ Aminooxyacetic Acid ♦ aminosuccinic acid ♦ Amniotic acid ♦ amthranilic acid ♦ amygdalic acid ♦ Angelic acid ♦ anilic acid ♦ anthranilic acid. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "acid": acid-alcohol, Acid-Base, acid-base balance, acid-base equilibrium, Acid-Base Imbalance, acid-base indicator, acid-citrate-dextrose, acid-cleaned, acid-crazed, acid-dropping, acid-edta, acid-eluted, acid-etched, acid-etching, acid-extractable, acid-extracted, acid-fast, Acid-Fast-Bacillus, acid-forming, acid-free, acid-gas, acid-gobbling, acid-green, acid-green-yellow, acid-head, Acid-house, acid-igneous, acid-induced, acid--lauric, acid-levels, acid-like, acid-lovers, acid-loving, acid-mediated, acid--myristic, acid-neutral, acid--palmitic, acid-pepsin, acid-phenol, acid-producing, acid-proof, acid-rain, acid-rain-causing, acid-reacting, acid-resistant, acid-seared, acid-sensitive, acid-sprayed, acid--stearic, acid-stimulated, acid-sweet, acid-tolerant, acid-tongued, acid-treated, acid-trip, acid-wash, acid-water, acid-weirdness, acid-yellow. | |
Ending with "acid": amino-acid, lead-acid, sugar-acid, sulphuric-acid. | |
Containing "acid": Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases, carbonic-acid gas, lead-acid accumulator, lead-acid battery, Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase, Oxo-Acid-Lyases, soda-acid extinguisher, tribal-acid-funk. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
acid reflux | 2,110 | acid loop | 195 |
acid | 1,550 | symptom of acid reflux | 194 |
acid rain | 1,398 | sulfuric acid | 186 |
amino acid | 1,318 | hydrochloric acid | 168 |
folic acid | 1,301 | phosphoric acid | 167 |
alpha lipoic acid | 688 | fatty acid | 160 |
glycolic acid | 613 | ellagic acid | 159 |
hyaluronic acid | 499 | lead acid battery | 159 |
uric acid | 478 | acid bath | 158 |
acid reflux disease | 478 | muriatic acid | 156 |
boric acid | 450 | acetic acid | 152 |
acid pro | 448 | ascorbic acid | 144 |
conjugated linoleic acid | 413 | acid cigar | 139 |
lord of acid | 379 | nitric acid | 134 |
omega 3 fatty acid | 298 | acid reflux diet | 131 |
citric acid | 281 | acid stain concrete | 127 |
salicylic acid | 267 | acid jazz | 122 |
lactic acid | 267 | acid and bases | 121 |
essential fatty acid | 244 | 4.0 acid pro | 120 |
pantothenic acid | 201 | trans fatty acid | 119 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "acid"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | skerp (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp). (various references) | |
Albanian | acid (acetous, mordant, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Arabic | لاذع (acerb, acrid, acrimonious, biting, bitter, bitterly, burning, caustic, cutting, harsh, hot, keen, mordant, nippy, peppery, piquant, poignant, pungent, rough, salty, sarcastic, savory, savoury, scathing, scorching, sharp, sharp tongued, smarting, snappish, snappy, spicy, spiteful, stinging, tart, waspish), قارص (acrid, acrimonious, biting, cutting, mordacious, sharp), حامض (acidulant, acidulous, sharp, sour, tart), حاد (abrupt, acrid, acrimonious, acute, avid, be sharp, biting, brisk, clear, cutting, exquisite, heavy, incisive, intense, intensified, intensive, keen, loud, nasal, penetrating, petulant, piercing, piquant, pithy, poignant, pointed, prompt, pronounced, pungent, quick, ripe, rough, salty, severe, sharp, shrill, squeaky, strident, strong, trenchant). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | язвителна забележка (lash), язвителен (acerb, acerbic, acidulated, acrid, acrimonious, adust, biting, cutting, incisive, mordant, poignant, pungent, sardonic, splenetic, stinging, trenchant, vinegary, vitriolic, waspish), рязък (abrupt, bitter, brief, brusque, curt, gravelly, hard, incisive, jarring, jerky, metallic, offhand, pipy, point blank, rapid, rude, sharp, short, short-spoken, shrill, snappish, snappy, snippy, stark, straight out, strident, trenchant), киселинен, киселина (pickle), кисел (acetous, acidulated, acidulous, crabbed, crabby, disgruntled, grouchy, grumpy, humpy, ill-humored, ill-humoured, liverish, livery, peeved, pettish, petulant, querulous, sour, tart, vinegar, vinegary), остър (acrid, acrimonious, acute, angular, argute, arrowy, biting, bitter, crusty, cutting, edgy, excruciating, fine, fulminating, gabled, grating, gravelly, grinding, high pitched, keen, lancinating, metallic, nice, nipping, nippy, penetrating, penetrative, peppery, perspicacious, piercing, piquant, poignant, pointed, pungent, ragged, searching, sharp, shrill, slashing, stiff, strident, strong, tangy, trenchant), наркотик (dope, drug, lsd, narcotic, opiate, pep pill). (various references) | |
Catalan | agut (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp). (various references) | |
Chinese | 酸 (Acidulous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Czech | sarkasticky (acidly), lsd (lsd), kyselina, kyselý (sour, tart). (various references) | |
Danish | sur (acetous, dismal, sour, tart), syre (beast, blotter acid, blue caps, blue drops, brown caps, California sunshine, fiddle-dock, fiddle-leaf dock, green caps, hawk, microdots, orange wedges, paper acid, pink drops, purple haze, purple wedges, sorrel, sunshine, the ghost, white lightning, window panes, yellow caps, yellow drops, zen). (various references) | |
Dutch | zuur (acerbic, acetous, bitter, brutal, gruff, harsh, heartburn, rough, sour, sullen, surly, tart, unkind, unpleasant). (various references) | |
Esperanto | acido, acida (sour, tart), acerba (acerbic, harsh, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Faeroese | súrur (acetous, sour, tart), sýra, hvassur (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp). (various references) | |
Farsi | محک (Criterion, Examination, Proof, Shibboleth, Test), حامض , ترشرو (Dogged, Gruff, Grumpy, Moody, Morose, Petulant, Rusty, Sulky, Sullen), ترش (Acetic, Sour, Tart), سرکه مانند (Acetic), جوهراسید, جوهر (Heart, Ink, Juice, Marrow, Quintessence), دارای خاصیت اسید, بدجنسی (Malice, Malignancecy), بداخلاق (Bad, Dissolute, Immoral, Impatient, Licentious, Moody, Rabid, Rake, Reprobate, Vile). (various references) | |
Finnish | happo, happoinen, hapan (sour). (various references) | |
French | acide (acetous, acidic), aigre (acerbic, acetous, acrid, acrimonious, acute), acerbe (acerbic, acrid, acrimonious). (various references) | |
Frisian | skerp (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), sarkastysk (sarcastic), bitsich (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), bekjelûkerich (acerbic, acrid, astringent, constringent, harsh, tart). (various references) | |
German | Säure (acidity, sharpness, sourness, tartness), sauer (acetous, acidic, acidly, acis, acrid, cross, mad, moped, moping, off, pickled, sharp, shirty, sickly, sore, sour, soured, sourly, sulkily, sulky, tart, tartly, uptight). (various references) | |
Greek | οξύ (beast, blotter acid, blue caps, blue drops, brown caps, California sunshine, green caps, hawk, microdots, orange wedges, paper acid, pink drops, purple haze, purple wedges, sunshine, the ghost, white lightning, window panes, yellow caps, yellow drops, zen). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | acid (acetous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חמיץ (seasoned, sourish), חמוץ (acerb, acidification, acidulation, sour, souring, tart), חומצ" (fermenting, leavening). (various references) | |
Hungarian | sav, savanyú (acerb, acerbic, acetous, crabby, dour, eager, frumpish, sour, tart, to wear a long face). (various references) | |
Icelandic | skarpur (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), súr (acetous, sour, tart), sýra, leiftandi (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), hrjúfur (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), beittur (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), beiskur (acerbic, acrid, harsh, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Indonesian | asaman (pickle), asam (sour, tart), kandi (pouch, small bag, sour, tamarind), cuka (vinegar). (various references) | |
Irish | aigéadach (acetous, sour, tart), aigéad, searbh (acetous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Italian | acido (acetous, acidic, acids, acrid, crabbed, sour, tart), agro (acetous, sour, tart, tartness, vinegarish), aspro (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, bitter, foxy, gruff, harsh, hoarse, lurid, rough, rugged, scathing, sharp, smart, sour, stark, tart, uncharitable). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 酸っぱい (sour), 酸っぱい (sour), 酸い (sour), 酸い (sour), 酸 , アクリル繊維 (accommodator, accord, accordion, accordion door, accordion pleats, achromatic lens, acidosis, acoustic, acoustic guitar, acoustic sound, acrobat, acrobatic, acrobatic dance, acrobatic dancer, acropolis, acrylic fiber, acrylonitrile, against, against wind, agglomeration, aggressive, agitation, agoraphobia, agreement, agribusiness, agriculture, Asia, Asia dollar, aside, assassin, assault, assert, assertiveness training, assign, assignment, assist, assistance, assistant, assistant director, assistant manager, assistant purser, asymmetric design, asymmetry, contortionist, to instigate, to stir up). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | すっぱい (sour), すい (sour), さ" (a style of Chinese poetry, caption, cut down, legend, legend or inscription on a picture, three), アシッド . (various references) | |
Korean | 산 (mount, Mountain). (various references) | |
Manx | sharroo (acidific, acrid, acrimonious, bitter, cutting, embittered, sardonic, sour, tart, vitriolic), geayr (acidific, keen, sharp, sour). (various references) | |
Norwegian | sur (acerbic, acetous, bitter, crabby, dismal, grumpy, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Papiamen | ásido (acetous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | aciday.(various references) | |
Polish | ostry (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, severe, sharp, strict). (various references) | |
Portuguese | ácido (acetous, austere, sharp, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Romanian | aspru (abrupt, abruptly, acrimonious, biting, brisk, callous, clumsy, coarse, crisp, dour, drastic, earthy, edgy, exacting, firm, grating, gruelling, gruff, hard, harsh, hoarse, homespun, husky, ill, inclement, iron, iron-fisted, keen, lashing, nippy, obdurate, punitive, rasping, rigid, rigidly, rigorous, robust, rough, rugged, scabrous, severe, severely, shaggy, shy, smart, snappish, stern, stiff, Strait, strict, strong, stubborn, tough, unkind, violent, wiry), acru (acerb, acetous, acidulous, acre, acrid, acrimonious, crabbed, cross, green, peevish, sharp, sour, sourly, sulky, surly, tart, testy, touchy, unripe, vinegarish), acid (acidulous, sour), tãios (biting, clipping, curt, cutting, edgy, keen, mordacious, nippy, pointed, roughly, severe, severely, sharp, sharply, shortly, spiky, tart, trenchant), muşcãtor (acrid, acrimonious, biting, caustic, mordant, peppery, sarcastic, snappish), caustic (acerb, acidulous, acrid, acrimonious, biting, caustic, mordant, personal, pungent, pungently, scathing, scorching). (various references) | |
Russian | хим)кислота кислотный, кислый (acetous, acidic, persilicic, sour, tart, vinegary), кислотный (acidic), кислота (sourness). (various references) | |
Scottish | geur (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, bitter, lurid, sharp, sharp pointed, shrewd; acrid). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | kiseo (acetate, acetous, acidulated, sour, tart), kiselina. (various references) | |
Spanish | agrio (acetous, acidic, acrid, bitter, citrous, jaundiced, lurid, sour, tart), ácido (acidic, bitter, sharp, tart). (various references) | |
Sranan | swa (acetous, sour, tart), srapu (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp, sharpen). (various references) | |
Swahili | -kali (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, hot, lurid, sharp). (various references) | |
Swedish | syra (dock, Sorrel), sur (crabbed, cranky, cross, crotchety, dismal, grouchy, Moody, morose, ratty, sharp, shirty, sour, surly, wet). (various references) | |
Tagalog | matúlis (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), matálas (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), maásim (acetous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
Thai | สารใช้ในการสังเคราะห์โปรตีนของเซลล์สิ่งมีชีวิต (คำย่อ RNA) (ribonucleic acid), สารมีพิษซึ่งไม่มีสี (oxalic acid), กร"ไนตรัส เป็นกร""ินประสิว (nitrous acid), กร"นิวคลีอิก (nucleic acid), กร"ซัลฟูริก (sulfuric acid), กร"ซิทริก (citric acid). (various references) | |
Turkish | asit, asít, lsd, buruk (acetous, acrid, sec, sour, subacid, tart). (various references) | |
Turkmen | kislota (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | уїдливий (acrid, acrimonious, arrowy, barbed, biting, carping, cattish, caustic, epigrammatic, exceptive, fault finding, mordacious, mordant, pointed, smart, spiteful, waspish, waspy), ущипливий (acrid, acrimonious, arrowy, barbed, caustic, cutting, nipping, pointed, stinging, tart), їдкий (acrid, acrimonious, caustic, corrosive, nipping, poignant, scalding, scathing), кислота, кислий (acerb, acerbic, acetous, acidic, eager, raised, sour, tart, vinegary). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | gay gắt; gắt gỏng. (various references) | |
Welsh | asid, suryn, sur (sour), siarp. (various references) | |
Yucatec | yeh (abrasive, acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acute, lurid, sharp), pah (acetous, sour, tart). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | oxys. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | acerbus, acidus, austerus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 25, Verse 20 |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et amittit pallium in die frigoris acetum in nitro et qui cantat carmina cordi pessimo |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And leeseth the mantil in the dai of cold. Eisel in glas, that singeth dites with peruertid herte. As a moyhe to the cloth, and a werm to the tree, so sorewe of a man noyeth to the herte. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | As he that taketh away a garment in cold weather, and as vinegar upon nitre, so is he that singeth songs to an heavy heart. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | As he that taketh away a garment in cold weather, and as vinegar upon nitre; so is he that singeth songs to a heavy heart. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Like one who takes off clothing in cold weather and like acid on a wound, is he who makes melody to a sad heart. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 25, Verse 20 |
| Cebuano | ¶ Ingon sa usa nga nagahukas ug saput sa tingtugnaw, ug ingon sa suka ibabaw sa soda, Mao man siya nga nagaawit sa mga awit sa usa ka masulob-on nga kasingkasing. |
| Croatian | Kao onaj koji skida haljinu u zimski dan ili ocat lije na ranu, takav je onaj tko pjeva pjesmu turobnu srcu. |
| Danish | Som at lægge Frakken, når det er Frost, og hælde surt over Natron, så er det at synge for mismodig Mand. |
| Dutch | Die liederen zingt bij een treurig hart, is gelijk hij, die een kleed aflegt ten dage der koude, en als edik op salpeter. |
| Finnish | Kuin se, joka riisuu vaatteet pakkaspäivänä, kuin etikka lipeän sekaan, on se, joka laulaa lauluja murheelliselle sydämelle. |
| French | Oter son vêtement dans un jour froid, Répandre du vinaigre sur du nitre, C`est dire des chansons un coeur attristé. |
| German | Wer einem betrübten Herzen Lieder singt, das ist, wie wenn einer das Kleid ablegt am kalten Tage, und wie Essig auf der Kreide. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Chante mereng pou yon moun ki nan lapenn, se tankou moun ki wete tout rad sou li nan fredi, se tankou si ou prije sitwon sou yon malenng. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Bernyanyi untuk orang yang berduka seperti menelanjanginya dalam kedinginan cuaca seperti menuang cuka pada lukanya. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Seperti orang yang menanggalkan pakaiannya pada masa sejuk, dan seperti cuka disiram kepada luka yang baharu, demikianlah hal orang yang menyanyikan nyanyian bagi orang yang berdukacita hatinya. |
| Italian | è togliersi le vesti in un giorno rigido. Aceto su una piaga viva, tali sono i canti per un cuore afflitto. |
| Maori | ¶ Ko te tangata e waiata ana ki te ngakau pouri, e rite ana ki te tangata e whakarere ana i te kakahu i te rangi maeke, ki te winika hoki i runga i te houra. |
| Norwegian | Lik den som legger av sine klær på en vinterdag, lik eddik på pottaske er den som synger viser for et sorgfullt hjerte. |
| Portuguese | O que entoa canções ao coração aflito é como aquele que despe uma peça de roupa num dia de frio, e como vinagre sobre a chaga. |
| Rumanian | Ca unul care kwi scoate haina pe o zi rece, sau varsq oyet pe silitrq, awa este cine ckntq ckntece unei inimi kn nenorocire. - |
| Russian | юФП УОЙНБАЭЙК У УЕ'С П"ЕЦ"Х Ч ИПМП"ОЩК "ЕОШ, ЮФП ХЛУХУ ОБ ТБОХ, ФП ПАЭЙК ЕУОЙ ЕЮБМШОПНХ УЕТ""Х. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "acid": acidemia, acidemias, acidhead, acidheads, acidic, acidification, acidifications, acidified, acidifier, acidifiers, acidifies, acidify, acidifying, acidimeter, acidimeters, acidimetric, acidimetries, acidimetry, acidities, acidity, acidly, acidness, acidnesses, acidophil, acidophile, acidophiles, acidophilic, acidophils, acidoses, acidosis, acidotic, acids, acidulate, acidulated, acidulates, acidulating, acidulation, acidulations, acidulent, acidulous, aciduria, acidurias, acidy. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "acid": antacid, characid, diacid, hydracid, hyperacid, hypoacid, monacid, monoacid, nonacid, oxyacid, peracid, placid, subacid, tetracid, triacid. (additional references) | |
Words containing "acid": aminoaciduria, aminoacidurias, antacids, characids, deacidification, deacidifications, deacidified, deacidifies, deacidify, deacidifying, diacidic, diacids, hydracids, hyperacidities, hyperacidity, miracidia, miracidial, miracidium, monacids, monoacidic, monoacids, nonacidic, nonacids, oxyacids, peracids, placidities, placidity, placidly, placidness, placidnesses, subacidly, subacidness, subacidnesses, tetracids, triacids, trichomonacidal, trichomonacide, trichomonacides. (additional references) | |
| |
"Acid" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: abcd, Abid, aca, acab, acade, Acak, Acard, acat, acaw, acca, acci, accid, accide, Accis, Accu, acd, acda, aceed, acend, acev, Acfis, achid, Achim, aci, Acia, acic, acide, acido, acie, acii, acil, acir, acit, acod, Actd, actid, acu, acyt, adic, adid, aeid, afid, agid, ahid, aibd, aic, aicc, aich, Aico, aidd, aidv, aiud, Akad, aki, akid, akidi, akido, akif, akil, akim, akind, akir, Akkid, Akqi, alid, Amcit, anci, ancit, anid, apid, Arclid, Ashad, ashd, Ashit, Asid, assad, assid, atid, auid, axid, ayid, azid, bacid, cacad, Caid, caiu, caiv, caud, cayd, cidd, cyd, ecad, Ecci, ecd, eci, Eciv, Ecld, facid, gacic, icic, icid, Icif, isid, lacid, macid, nacid, Nacod, pacid, Pcdi, tacid, ucid, vacid, wacid, xci, xcvi. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "acid" (pronounced a"sud) |
| 4 | a" s u d | antacid, placid. |
| 3 | -s u d | diapsid, lucid, flaccid, probenecid, rancid. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: cadi, caid. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-d-i" | |
-1 letter: aid, cad. | |
-2 letters: ad, ai, id. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-d-i" | |
+1 letter: acids, acidy, acrid, alcid, asdic, cadis, caids, caird, canid, daric, dicta, nicad. | |
+2 letters: acarid, acedia, acidic, acidly, addict, adipic, advice, alcids, amidic, anodic, asdics, bardic, caddie, caddis, cadmic, cairds, candid, canids, capsid, cardia, caried, chadri, cicada, codeia, cyanid, dacoit, darics, diacid, dicast, didact, dyadic, modica, nicads, placid, rancid, zodiac. | |
+3 letters: acarids, acaroid, accidia, accidie, acedias, acidify, acidity, acrider, acridly, addicts, advices, aecidia, aggadic, alcaide, antacid, arcadia, ascarid, ascidia, baldric, bawdric, cabildo, cabined, cactoid, caddice, caddied, caddies, caddish, cadging, cadmium, caducei, cairned, candida, candids, candied, candies, capsids, carabid, carbide, cardiac, cardiae, cardias, carding, carotid, carried, catbird, caviled, cedilla, chained, chaired, chalcid, chiliad, cicadae, cicadas, citadel, cladist, claimed, coadmit, codeias, codeina, conidia, cordial, corrida, cotidal, cyanide, cyanids, dacoits, dacoity, dactyli, dancing, daturic, deciare, decidua, decimal, declaim, decrial, deltaic, dharmic, diacids, dialect, diarchy, dibasic, dicasts, dictate, didacts, dieback, diptyca, discant, discard, discase, domical, drastic, dryadic, dyadics, dynamic, echidna, edacity, edaphic, edictal, faciend, factoid, fancied, faradic, fatidic, flaccid, gonadic, hagadic, hexadic, incaged, incased, incudal, indican, indicia, inlaced, iracund, jaditic, mediacy, medical, monacid, monadic, nodical, nomadic, nonacid, octadic, oxyacid, parodic, pedicab, peracid, picador, placoid, quadric, radical, radicel, radices, radicle, sarcoid, scaldic, scandia, scandic, sidecar, skaldic, subacid, triacid, triadic, triclad, vanadic, viaduct, wildcat, zaddick, zodiacs. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Names: Company Usage 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Translations: Ancient 18. Bible Trace 19. Abbreviations 20. Acronyms | 21. Derivations 22. Rhymes 23. Anagrams 24. Bibliography |
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