Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: UNDERPINNING |
UNDERPINNINGNoun1. The foundation, esp. of a frame house. 2. That by which a building is underpinned; the material and construction used for support, introduced beneath a wall already constructed. 3. The act of one who underpins; the act of supporting by stones, masonry, or the like. Personal pronoun & verb & noun1. Of Underpin |
Date "UNDERPINNING" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1863. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mining | A. Building up the wall of a mine shaft to join that above it b. The act of supporting a superior part of a wall, etc., by introducing asupport beneath it. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Crosswords: UNDERPINNING |
| Specialty definitions using "UNDERPINNING": browpiece ♦ HOUSE MOVER. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "UNDERPINNING": underpin. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Human Rights | Korea | The regime justifies its dictatorship with arguments derived from concepts of collective consciousness and the superiority of the collective over the individual, appeals to nationalism, and citations of "the juche idea." The authorities emphasize that the core concept of juche is "the ability to act independently without regard to outside interference." Originally described as "a creative application of Marxism-Leninism" in the national context, juche is a malleable philosophy reinterpreted from time to time by the regime as its ideological needs change and is used by the regime as a "spiritual" underpinning for its rule. (references) |
Political Economy | China | Socialism continues to provide the theoretical underpinning of national politics, but Marxist ideology has given way to economic pragmatism and economic decentralization has increased the authority of local officials. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "UNDERPINNING" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 64.79% of the time. "UNDERPINNING" is used about 142 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 64.79% | 92 | 34,282 |
| Noun (singular) | 24.65% | 35 | 58,339 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 7.04% | 10 | 111,207 |
| Noun (proper) | 3.52% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Total | 100.00% | 142 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
underpinning | 52 |
home mobile underpinning | 17 |
foundation underpinning | 10 |
brick underpinning | 4 |
trailer underpinning | 3 |
masonry underpinning | 2 |
uk underpinning | 2 |
underpinning vinyl | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "UNDERPINNING"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | основа (accidence, alkali, base, basis, bed, foot, footing, foundation, fundamental, grounding, groundwork, joint, lye, pedestal, radix, seat, seating, sole, staff, stem, substratum, substructure, theme, warp, warp and woof), опора (abut, anchor, anchorage, backlog, bearer, bulwark, buttress, column, cradle, crutch, dependence, faith, foothold, holder, jamb, lodgement, lodgment, mainstay, palladium, pillar, prop, purchase, rampart, rest, rock, roothold, sinews, staff, stand by, stay, stock, stronghold, support, tower), материали за укрепване, материали за подпиране. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 固 (underpin, Underpinned). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | understopning af fundament (underpinning of foundations). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | onderstopping van fundamenten (underpinning of foundations). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
French | sous-oeuvre. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
German | untermauerung (corroboration, substantiation, support), Unterfangung. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | θεμέλια (foundation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | megtámasztás (backup), ember két lába. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | sottofondazione (underpinning of foundations). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 農本主義 (principles underpinning an agriculturally based economy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | のうほ"しゅぎ (principles underpinning an agriculturally based economy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | erpinningunday obra em subcava. (various references) подведение фундамента. (various references) recalce. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "UNDERPINNING": underpinnings. (additional references) | |
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"UNDERPINNING" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: underpining. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "UNDERPINNING" (pronounced u"nderpi'ning) |
| 3 | -n i ng | abandoning, abstaining, adjoining, adjourning, aligning, apportioning, ascertaining, assigning, attaining, auctioning, auditioning, awakening, awning, ballooning, banning, bargaining, battening, beckoning, beginning, bemoaning, binning, blackening, bludgeoning, boning, branning, brightening, brining, broadening, Browning, burdening, burgeoning, burning, campaigning, caning, Canning, captioning, careening, cartooning, cautioning, chaining, championing, chaperoning, cheapening, christening, churning, cleaning, cloning, clowning, coarsening, cocooning, coining, combining, commissioning, complaining, concerning, conditioning, condoning, confining, conning, constraining, containing, convening, Corning, couponing, crooning, crowning, cunning, cushioning, dampening, darkening, dawning, deadening, deafening, declining, decommissioning, deepening, defining, demeaning, Denning, designing, detaining, determining, dining, Dinning, discerning, disciplining, disdaining, disheartening, disillusioning, divining, donning, Downing, draining, droning, drowning, Dunning, Durning, earning, enjoining, enlightening, entertaining, envisioning, evening, examining, explaining, fanning, fashioning, fastening, fattening, fawning, feigning, fining, finning, flattening, freshening, frightening, frowning, functioning, gaining, gardening, ginning, glistening, governing, greening, grinning, groaning, gunning, happening, hardening, hastening, headlining, heartening, heightening, honing, Horning, housecleaning, imagining, imprisoning, impugning, inning, intertwining, intervening, intoning, ironing, jawboning, jettisoning, joining, Kenning, leaning, learning, leavening, lengthening, lessening, lightening, lightning, likening, lining, listening, loaning, loosening, machining, maddening, maintaining, malfunctioning, Manning, margining, meaning, mentioning, midmorning, mining, moaning, morning, motioning, mourning, obtaining, opening, opining, ordaining, orphaning, outlining, overrunning, overtraining, overturning, owning, panning, pardoning, partitioning, penning, pertaining, petitioning, phoning, pining, pinning, planning, poisoning, positioning, postponing, preening, preplanning, provisioning, pruning, quarantining, questioning, quickening, raining, rationing, realigning, reasoning, reassigning, reawakening, reckoning, reclining, reconditioning, redefining, redesigning, redlining, reexamining, refining, refraining, regaining, reigning, reining, rejoining, relearning, remaining, reopening, repositioning, rerunning, resigning, restraining, retaining, retraining, returning, rezoning, ripening, ruining, running, saddening, sanctioning, scanning, screening, seasoning, sectioning, sharpening, shining, shortening, shunning, sickening, signing, sinning, siphoning, slackening, softening, spanning, spawning, spinning, spurning, staining, stationing, stiffening, stoning, straightening, straining, streamlining, strengthening, stunning, summoning, sunning, sustaining, sweetening, swooning, tanning, telephoning, thickening, thinning, threatening, tightening, toning, toughening, training, tuning, turning, twining, underlining, undermining, unquestioning, unreasoning, vacationing, Vining, waning, warning, weakening, weaning, whining, whitening, widening, wining, winning, worsening, yawning, yearning, zoning. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-g-i-i-n-n-n-n-p-r-u" | |
-3 letters: repinning, unpenning, unpinning. | |
-4 letters: enduring, inurning, nidering, repining, ripening, underpin, unending, unpinned, upending. | |
-5 letters: denning, dingier, dinning, dungier, dunning, durning, enduing, enuring, ginnier, grinned, indigen, induing, inuring, inurned, ninepin, peining, pending, penguin, penning, pinguid, pinning, priding, pruning, pudgier, punnier, punning, reining, rending, rinning, ruining, running, uridine. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-g-i-i-n-n-n-n-p-r-u" | |
+1 letter: underpinnings. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)55 4E 44 45 52 50 49 4E 4E 49 4E 47 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)..- -. -.. . .-. .--. .. -. -. .. -. --. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010101 01001110 01000100 01000101 01010010 01010000 01001001 01001110 01001110 01001001 01001110 01000111 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)U N D E R P I N N I N G |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0055 004E 0044 0045 0052 0050 0049 004E 004E 0049 004E 0047 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)554838395250434848434841 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Quotations: Non-fiction | 5. Usage Frequency 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Derivations | 9. Rhymes 10. Anagrams 11. Orthography 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
