Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Domain | Definition |
Shipping | The point at which sellers have fulfilled their obligations so the goods in a legal sense could be said to have been delivered to the buyer. They are shorthand expressions that set out the rights and obligations of each party when it comes to transporting the goods. Following, are the thirteen terms of sale in international trade as Terms of Sale reflected in the recent amendment to the International chamber of Commerce Terms of Trade (INCOTERMS), effective July 1990: exw, fca, fas, fob, cfr, cif, cpt, cip, daf, des, deq, ddu and ddp. - EXW (Ex Works) (...Named Place): A Term of Sale which means that the seller fulfills the obligation to deliver when he or she has made the goods available at his/her premises (i.e., works, factory, warehouse, etc.) to the buyer. In particular, the seller is not responsible for loading the goods in the vehicle provided by the buyer or for clearing the goods for export, unless otherwise agreed. The buyer bears all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the seller's premises to the desired destination. This term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller. - FCA (Free Carrier) (... Named Place): A Term of Sale which means the seller fulfills their obligation when he or she has handed over the goods, cleared for export, into the charge of the carrier named by the buyer at the named place or point. If no precise point is indicated by the buyer, the seller may choose, within the place or range stipulated, where the carrier should take the goods into their charge. - FAS (Free Alongside Ship) (...Named Port of Shipment): A Term of Sale which means the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when the goods have been placed alongside the vessel on the quay or in lighters at the named port of shipment.This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that moment. - FOB (Free On Board) (...Named Port of Shipment): An International Term of Sale that means the seller fulfills his or her obligation to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship's rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks to loss of or damage to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - CFR (Cost and Freight) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term of Sale where the seller pays the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination, Terms of Sale but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as (continued) well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) (...Named Place of Destination): A Term of Sale where the seller has the same obligations as under the CFR but also has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of loss or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - CPT (Carriage Paid To) (...Named Place of Destination): A Term of Sale which means the seller pays the freight for the carriage of the goods to the named destination. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered to the carrier, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered into the custody of the carrier. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed upon destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier. The CPT term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) (...Named Place of Destination): A Term of Sale which means the seller has the same obligations as under CPT, but with the addition that the seller has to procure cargo insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum coverage. The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - DAF (Delivered At Frontier) (...Named Place): A Term of Sale which means the sellers fulfill their obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available, cleared for export, at the named point and placed at the frontier, but before the customs Terms of Sale border of the adjoining country. (continued) - DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term of Sale where the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods thereto (excluding duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon importation) as well as the costs and risks of carrying out customs formalities. The buyer has to pay any additional costs and to bear any risks caused by failure to clear the goods for in time. - DDP (Delivered Duty paid) (...Named Port of Destination): "Delivered Duty Paid" means that the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the risks and costs, including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto, clear for importation. While the EXW term represents the minimum obligation for the seller, DDP represents the maximum. - DES (Delivered Ex Ship) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term of Sale where the seller fulfills his/her obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available to the buyer on board the ship, uncleared for import at the named port of destination. The seller has to bear all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the named port destination. - DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay, [Duty Paid]) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term of Sale which means the DDU term has been fulfilled when the goods have been available to the buyer on the quay (wharf) at the named port of destination, cleared for importation. The seller has to bear all risks and costs including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Crosswords: TERMS OF SALE |
| Specialty definitions using "TERMS OF SALE": Commercial Invoice ♦ Free Alongside, Free on Board ♦ INCOTERMS ♦ Mandatory price reporting. (references) |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Italy | The customary terms of sale in Italy are either cash on delivery (which is rare) or settlement 60-120 days after invoice date (more common). (references) |
Tunisia | THIS POLICY IS MANIFESTED IN A VARIETY OF FORMS, INCLUDING INCENTIVES FOR LABOR-INTENSIVE INVESTMENT, PROVISIONS IN THE TERMS OF SALE FOR STATE ENTERPRISES THAT FIX EMPLOYMENT LEVELS, AND THE ABSENCE OF ANY PREFERENCE FOR LABOR-SAVING TECHNOLOGY IN PUBLIC SECTOR TENDERS. (references) | |
Tunisia | PRIVATIZATION OF THREE MORE CEMENT PLANTS FOLLOWED IN 2000. IN TANDEM WITH PRIVATIZATIONS PITCHED PRIMARILY TO FOREIGN INVESTORS, THE GOVERNMENT CONTINUES TO PRIVATIZE SMALLER ASSETS THROUGH SALES TO SOMETIMES PRE-SELECTED TUNISIAN BUYERS WITH STRICT TERMS OF SALE (RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT LEVELS, OPERATIONS, AND FUTURE SALE OF SOME OR ALL OF THE ASSETS). (references) | |
Trade | Ecuador | Virtually all past private sector imports into Ecuador were financed with terms of sale confirmed by letters of credit. (references) |
Ireland | Usual terms of sale are payment within 30 to 90 days after delivery, varying with the commodity and the credit standing of the purchaser. (references) | |
Cote D'ivoire | There is no required form to be used, but all invoices must contain the names of the exporter and consignee, number and types of packages, marks and numbers on the packages, net and gross weights, C.I.F. value, terms of sale, and a thorough description of the merchandise. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
terms of sale | 10 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "TERMS OF SALE"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||
French | conditions de vente. (various references) | ||||
Pig Latin | ermstay ofay alesay | ||||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-f-l-m-o-r-s-s-t" | |
-1 letter: elastomers, salometers. | |
-2 letters: elastomer, foremasts, molesters, oleasters, salometer, semestral. | |
-3 letters: fameless, fearless, fearsome, feasters, floaters, flotsams, foamless, foremast, forestal, formates, formless, fretless, fretsome, lamsters, maestros, maltoses, masseter, mateless, meatless, molester, oleaster, reflates, refloats, reslates, resmelts, safroles, seamster, selfsame, smelters, solerets, somerset, stealers, steamers, tameless, tearless, termless, tramless. | |
-4 letters: afreets, areoles, armless, armlets, artless, earless. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-f-l-m-o-r-s-s-t" | |
+3 letters: forestallments, wafflestompers. | |
+4 letters: comfortableness. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Crosswords 2. Quotations: Non-fiction 3. Expressions: Internet 4. Translations: Modern | 5. Anagrams 6. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
