Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Synagogue |
SynagogueNoun1. (Judaism) the place of worship for a Jewish congregation. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "synagogue" was first used: sometime around 1175. (references) |
Etymology: Synagogue \Syn"a*gogue\, noun. [French expression, from the Latin expression synagoga, Greek bringing together, an assembly, synagogue, from to bring together; sy`n with to lead. See Syn-, and Agent.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Bible | Synagogue (Gr. sunagoge, i.e., "an assembly"), found only once in the Authorized Version of Ps. 74:8, where the margin of Revised Version has "places of assembly," which is probably correct; for while the origin of synagogues is unknown, it may well be supposed that buildings or tents for the accommodation of worshippers may have existed in the land from an early time, and thus the system of synagogues would be gradually developed. Some, however, are of opinion that it was specially during the Babylonian captivity that the system of synagogue worship, if not actually introduced, was at least reorganized on a systematic plan (Ezek. 8:1; 14:1). The exiles gathered together for the reading of the law and the prophets as they had opportunity, and after their return synagogues were established all over the land (Ezra 8:15; Neh. 8:2). In after years, when the Jews were dispersed abroad, wherever they went they erected synagogues and kept up the stated services of worship (Acts 9:20; 13:5; 17:1; 17:17; 18:4). The form and internal arrangements of the synagogue would greatly depend on the wealth of the Jews who erected it, and on the place where it was built. "Yet there are certain traditional pecularities which have doubtless united together by a common resemblance the Jewish synagogues of all ages and countries. The arrangements for the women's place in a separate gallery or behind a partition of lattice-work; the desk in the centre, where the reader, like Ezra in ancient days, from his 'pulpit of wood,' may 'open the book in the sight of all of people and read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and give the sense, and cause them to understand the reading' (Neh. 8:4, 8); the carefully closed ark on the side of the building nearest to Jerusalem, for the preservation of the rolls or manuscripts of the law; the seats all round the building, whence 'the eyes of all them that are in the synagogue' may 'be fastened' on him who speaks (Luke 4:20); the 'chief seats' (Matt. 23:6) which were appropriated to the 'ruler' or 'rulers' of the synagogue, according as its organization may have been more or less complete;", these were features common to all the synagogues. Where perfected into a system, the services of the synagogue, which were at the same hours as those of the temple, consisted, (1) of prayer, which formed a kind of liturgy, there were in all eighteen prayers; (2) the reading of the Scriptures in certain definite portions; and (3) the exposition of the portions read. (See Luke 4:15, 22; Acts 13:14.) The synagogue was also sometimes used as a court of judicature, in which the rulers presided (Matt. 10:17; Mark 5:22; Luke 12:11; 21:12; Acts 13:15; 22:19); also as public schools. The establishment of synagogues wherever the Jews were found in sufficient numbers helped greatly to keep alive Israel's hope of the coming of the Messiah, and to prepare the way for the spread of the gospel in other lands. The worship of the Christian Church was afterwards modelled after that of the synagogue. Christ and his disciples frequently taught in the synagogues (Matt. 13:54; Mark 6:2; John 18:20; Acts 13:5, 15, 44; 14:1; 17:2-4, 10, 17; 18:4, 26; 19:8). To be "put out of the synagogue," a phrase used by John (9:22; 12:42; 16:2), means to be excommunicated. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of a synagogue, foretells that you have enemies powerfully barricading your entrance into fortune's realms. If you climb to the top on the outside, you will overcome oppositions and be successful. If you read the Hebrew inscription on a synagogue, you will meet disaster, but will eventually rebuild your fortunes with renewed splendor. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A synagogue is a Jewish house of prayer and study. The Hebrew term for synagogue is Beit Knesset (House of Assembly) or Beit Tefila (House of Prayer). There are usually separate rooms for prayer (the main sanctuary) and smaller rooms for study. Rooms set aside for study are referred to as Beit Midrash (Hebrew, House of study.)
Synagogues are not only used for prayer, but also for communal activities, adult education and Hebrew schools for school-age children.
Orthodox and most Conservative Jews refer to their houses of worship as synagogues; a few use the Hebrew term Beit Knesset, or the Yiddish term shul. Most Reform and some Conservative Jews use the term "Temple" to describe their house of worship, but most traditional Jews find this term inaccurate, as Judaism has historically only had one Temple, the Temple in Jerusalem.
Most Conservative and Orthodox synagogues have prayer services every day; usually one morning service, and two evening services. There are special services on Shabbat (the Sabbath) and on the Jewish holidays. Many Reform Temples only have prayer services once or twice a week.
Many Jews have a regular place of worship that is not a synagogue by the usual definition of the term. Many ultra-Orthodox Jews worship in shteibels (literally, "little booths"), rooms in private houses or places of business set aside for the express purpose of prayer. Shteibels do not offer the communal services of a synagogue, and are for prayer services alone. Many non-Orthodox Jews have formed chavurot (prayer fellowships) which meet at a regular place and time, usually in someone's house or apartment.
See also: Siddur -- Jewish services -- Role of the cantor in Judaism -- Jew -- Church -- Mosque
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Synagogue."
Synonyms: SynagogueSynonyms: tabernacle (n), temple (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Temple | Synagogue; mosque; marabout; pantheon; pagoda; joss house; dogobah, tope; kiosk; kiack, masjid. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Synagogue |
| English words defined with "synagogue": cantor, confirmation ♦ hazan ♦ Synagogical. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "synagogue": Crispus ♦ MOSES ♦ Sosthenes. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "synagogue": Synaxis. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Synagogue" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. French (synagogue). |
| Domain | Title | ||
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Synagogue (1890s), Omsk, Russia. Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540. |  | Former Synagogue (1902), Tomsk, Russia. Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540. |
 | Jerusalem, small synagogue at the wailing place of the Jews. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Clinton St. Synagogue, [New York City]. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Jewish (Rodeph Shalom) synagogue & Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Jewish synagogue, Mobile, Ala. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Old man entering Jewish synagogue for afternoon services. Colchester, Connecticut. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Interior of Jewish synagogue in Colchester, Connecticut after a small weekly service. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Hewlett-East Rockaway Jewish Community Center, 295 Main St., East Rockaway, Long Island. Synagogue, detail II. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Congregation Sons of Israel, Woodmere, Long Island, New York. Synagogue general. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Synagogue -Tutkey 1" by George Shemtov Commentary: "Synagogue -Tutkey." | "Galata Tower in Black & White" by William J. Ray Commentary: "Taken from right in front of the largest Synagogue in Turkey --recently the target of a terrorist bombing." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | There in the synagogue, in the mosque, a hideous side that we detest, and in the pagoda and in the wigwam, a sublime aspect that we adore |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Civil Liberties | Kazakhstan | Discussions were underway at year's end to find a location for a new synagogue in Astana. (references) |
Georgia | In 1998 the theater group brought suit, claiming that the building was never a synagogue. (references) | |
China | The Shanghai Jewish community was allowed to hold services in an historic Shanghai synagogue, which has been restored as a museum. (references) | |
Economic History | Czech Republic | The Jewish community numbers a few thousand today; a synagogue in Prague memorializes the names of more than 80,000 Czechoslovak Jews who perished in World War II. (references) |
Barbados | KISSOON, Mr. Latchman P. Firm of Kissoon & Hanoman-Kissoon, Synagogue Lane, Upper James Street, Bridgetown, Tel: 246/426-9390/9394, Fax: 246/428-4595. Citizen of Guyana. (references) | |
Human Rights | South Africa | In September Rieduwaan Hendricks, Imam Moegsien Barendse, and Faried Mohammed were acquitted of charges related to the 1998 bombing of a synagogue in Wynberg. (references) |
Minorities | Moldova | In April and July, small bombs were thrown into a synagogue in Transnistria, causing minor damage. (references) |
Turkey | In April the Jewish community in Istanbul received a phone threat against a 500-year-old synagogue. (references) | |
Russia | On August 16, in a widely publicized case, there was an arson attack on the Jewish synagogue in Ryazan. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Church and charity, synagogue and mosque lend our communities their humanity, and they will have an honored place in our plans and in our laws. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Synagogue" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.73% of the time. "Synagogue" is used about 132 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 97.73% | 129 | 28,132 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.27% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 132 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "synagogue": Great Synagogue ♦ reader's desk in synagogue. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "synagogue"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | sinagogë. (various references) | |
Arabic | جماعة محلية من اليهود, الكنيس معبد اليهود, إجتماع اليهود للعبادة. (various references) | |
Asturian | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | синагога. (various references) | |
Cebuano | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Chamorro | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Cornish | synaga. (various references) | |
Czech | synagóga. (various references) | |
Danish | synagoge. (various references) | |
Dutch | synagoge, jodenkerk. (various references) | |
Esperanto | sinagogo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | samkomuhús hjá jødum. (various references) | |
Farsi | پرستشگاه یهود. (various references) | |
Finnish | synagoga. (various references) | |
French | synagogue. (various references) | |
Frisian | synagoge. (various references) | |
German | Synagoge. (various references) | |
Greek | συναγωγή (gathering). (various references) | |
Hebrew | בית כנסת. (various references) | |
Hungarian | zsinagóga (synagog). (various references) | |
Italian | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ユダヤ教会堂 , 会堂 (chapel, church, tabernacle), シップエア方式 (chiffon, chignon style, cine mode, cine sign, cinefilm, cinema, cinema complex, CinemaScope, Cinerama, cineraria, cinnamon, citron, city, city air terminal, city boy, city gal, city guide, city hall, city pops, civic, civic center, civic trust, civil minimum, civilian control, civilization, cynic, cynical, cynicism, move into low gear, scenario, scenario writer, senior, severe, shift, shift dress, shift in, shift key, shift out, shift-JIS, ship air system, Sinanthropus pekinensis, sine curve, sinusoide, Sydney, synapse, synergy, synonym, synopsis). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ユダヤきょうかいどう, かいどう (aronia, assembly, chapel, church, highway, meeting, sea route, tabernacle, unusually large or strong youth), シナゴーグ . (various references) | |
Kongo | nzo a bisambu. (various references) | |
Macedonian | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Manx | chiamble Ewanagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ynagoguesay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Provencal | sinagòga. (various references) | |
Romanian | sinagogã (temple). (various references) | |
Romansch | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Romany | harvasàra. (various references) | |
Russian | синагога (synagog). (various references) | |
Samoan | sunako. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sinagoga. (various references) | |
Spanish | sinagoga (synagog). (various references) | |
Sranan | snoga. (various references) | |
Swedish | synagoga. (various references) | |
Thai | โบสถ์ของศาสนายิว. (various references) | |
Turkish | sinagog (tabernacle, temple), havra. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | синагога. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | hội đạo Do thái giáo đường Do thái. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | synagoge. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | synagoga, synagogae, synagogam, synagogas, synagoge, synagogis. (various references) |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | synagoga. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Mark Chapter 5, Verse 38 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai ercetai eiV ton oikon tou arcisunagwgou kai qewrei qorubon klaiontaV kai alalazontaV polla |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et veniunt in domum archisynagogi et videt tumultum et flentes et heiulantes multum |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | & hyo comen on þas heah-ealdres hus& he ge-seah mycel ge-hled wepende & gemeriende. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And thei camen in to the hous of the prince of the synagoge. And he saie noyse, and men wepynge and weilynge myche. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he came vnto the housse of the ruler of ye synagoge and sawe ye wondrynge and them that wepte and wayled greatly |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And they came to the house of the ruler of the Synagogue; and he saw people running this way and that, and weeping and crying loudly. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Mark Chapter 5, Verse 38 |
| Cebuano | Ug sa paghiabut nila sa balay sa punoan sa sinagoga, nakita niya ang kaguliyang ug ang mga tawo nga nanagpanghilak ug nanagminatay sa makusog. |
| Croatian | I doðu u kuæu nadstojnikovu. Ugleda buku i one koji plakahu i naricahu u sav glas. |
| Danish | Og de komme ind i Synagogeforstanderens Hus, og han ser en larmende Hob, der græd og hylede meget. |
| Dutch | En kwam in het huis des oversten der synagoge; en zag de beroerte en degenen, die zeer weenden en huilden. |
| Finnish | Ja he tulivat synagoogan esimiehen taloon; ja hän näki hälisevän joukon ja ääneensä itkeviä ja vaikeroivia. |
| Gaelic | Is rainig iad tigh riaghladair an t-sinagoig, agus chuinnaic e an iomairt, is sluagh a gal, `sa caoidh gu goirt. |
| German | Und er kam in das Haus des Obersten der Schule und sah das Getümmel und die da weinten und heulten. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Ketika mereka tiba di rumah Yairus, Yesus melihat keadaan hiruk-pikuk, dan mendengar tangisan dan ratapan yang keras. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Lalu tibalah mereka itu di rumah penghulu itu, maka dilihat oleh Yesus huru-hara itu, dan orang yang menangis dan meratap terlalu sangat. |
| Italian | Giunsero alla casa del capo della sinagoga ed egli vide trambusto e gente che piangeva e urlava. |
| Maori | A, no te taenga atu ki te whare o te rangatira o te whare karakia, ka kite ia i te ngangau, i te nui hoki o te tangi, o te aue a etahi. |
| Norwegian | Og de kom til synagoge-forstanderens hus, og han så en larmende hop og folk i stor gråt og jammer, |
| Portuguese | Quando chegaram a casa do chefe da sinagoga, viu Jesus um alvoroço, e os que choravam e faziam grande pranto. |
| Rumanian | Au ajuns la casa fruntawului sinagogii. Acolo Isus a vqzut o zarvq, wi pe unii cari plkngeau wi se tknguiau mult. |
| Russian | рТЙИПДЙФ Ч ДПН ОБЮБМШОЙЛБ УЙОБЗПЗЙ Й ЧЙДЙФ УНСФЕОЙЕ Й РМБЮХЭЙИ Й ЧПРЙАЭЙИ ЗТПНЛП. |
| Shuar | Iruntai jea uuntri jeen jeawar, aentsun charaatum ajainian, uutainian untsumuk ajainiancha Jesus Wáinkiamiayi. |
| Spanish | Llegaron a la casa del principal de la sinagoga, y él vio el alboroto y los que lloraban y lamentaban mucho. |
| Swahili | Wakafika nyumbani kwa ofisa wa sunagogi naye Yesu akasikia makelele, kilio na maombolezo mengi. |
| Swedish | Så kommo de till synagogföreståndarens hus, och han fick där se en hop människor som höjde klagolåt och gräto och jämrade sig högt. |
| Uma | Karata-na hi tomi Yairus, na'epe-hawo merodo' -ra-damo tauna, hangaa pogeo' -ra-damo pai' motantangi' rahuduwukui. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "synagogue": synagogues. (additional references) | |
| |
"Synagogue" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: synagoue, synagouge. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "synagogue" (pronounced 'Syn"a*gogue'): Cholagogue, Demagogue, Galacta-gogue, Lithagogue, Melanagogue, Menagogue, Mystagogue, Phlegmagogue, Psychagogue, Ptyalogogue, Ptysmagogue, Sialogogue. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-g-g-n-o-s-u-y" | |
-2 letters: gangues, nosegay, synagog. | |
-3 letters: agones, gangue, gauges, genoas, gouges, guanos, snaggy, uneasy, youngs. | |
-4 letters: aeons, agone, agons, agony, agues, gages, gangs, gauge, genoa, genua, genus, gongs, gouge, guano, guans, naggy, negus, noggs, nosey, saggy, segno, soggy, unsay, usage, usnea, yangs, yeans, yeggs, yogas, young, youse, yuans, yugas. | |
-5 letters: aeon, ages, agog, agon, ague, anes. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-g-g-n-o-s-u-y" | |
+1 letter: synagogues. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Bible Trace | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
