Scrophulariaceae

Definition: Scrophulariaceae

Scrophulariaceae

Noun

1. A family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales.

Date "Scrophulariaceae" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1859. (references)

Synonyms: Scrophulariaceae

Synonyms: family Scrophulariaceae (n), figwort family (n), foxglove family (n). (additional references)

Scrophulariaceae

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Scrophulariales
Family:	*Scrophulariaceae*

Genera

  Agalinis Raf. -- false foxglove
  Alectra Thunb.
  Amphianthus Torr.
  Angelonia Humb. & Bonpl. -- angelon
  Antirrhinum L. -- snapdragon
  Aureolaria Raf. -- false foxglove
  Bacopa Aubl. -- water hyssop, waterhyssop
  Bartsia L.
  Bellardia All. -- lineseed
  Besseya Rydb. -- kittentail
  Brachystigma Pennell -- desert foxglove
  Buchnera L. -- bluehearts
  Calceolaria L. -- slipperwort
  Capraria L.
  Castilleja Mutis -- Indian paintbrush
  Chaenorhinum Reichenb. -- dwarf snapdragon
  Chaenorrhinum Reichenb.
  Chelone L. -- turtlehead
  Chionophila Benth. -- snowlover
  Collinsia Nutt. -- blue eyed Mary, blue-eyed Mary
  Cordylanthus Nutt. -- bird's beak, bird's-beak
  Cymbalaria Hill
  Dasistoma Raf.
  Digitalis L. -- foxglove
  Diplacus Nutt. -- bush monkeyflower
  Dopatrium Buch.-Ham.
  Epixiphium Munz
  Euphrasia L. -- eyebright
  Galvezia Dombey
  Gambelia Nutt. -- greenbright
  Gerardia
  Glossostigma Wight & Arn.
  Gratiola L. -- hedge hyssop, hedgehyssop
  Hebe Comm.
  Hemianthus Nutt.
  Holmgrenanthe Elisens -- rocklady
  Howelliella Rothm.
  Ilysanthes
  Keckiella Straw
  Kickxia Dumort. -- cancerwort, kickxia
  Lagotis Gaertn.
  Lendneria Minod
  Leucophyllum Bonpl. -- barometerbush
  Leucospora Nutt.
  Limnophila R. Br. -- marshweed
  Limosella L. -- mudwort
  Linaria P. Mill. -- toadflax
  Lindernia All. -- false pimpernel
  Lophospermum D. Don
  Mabrya Elisens
  Macranthera Nutt.
  Maurandella Rothm.
  Maurandya Ortega
  Mazus Lour.
  Mecardonia Ruiz & Pavón
  Melampyrum L. -- cowwheat
  Micranthemum Michx. -- mudflower
  Mimetanthe Greene
  Mimulus L. -- monkey-flower, monkeyflower
  Misopates Raf.
  Mohavea Gray
  Nemesia Vent.
  Neogaerrhinum Rothm.
  Nothochelone Straw
  Nuttallanthus D.A. Sutton -- toadflax
  Odontites Ludwig
  Orobanche L.
  Orthocarpus Nutt. -- owl's-clover, owlclover
  Parentucellia Viviani -- glandweed
  Paulownia Sieb. & Zucc.
  Pedicularis L. -- lousewort
  Penstemon Schmidel -- beard tongue, beardtongue
  Pseudorontium Rothm.
  Rehmannia Libosch.
  Rhinanthus L. -- rattleweed, yellowrattle
  Russelia Jacq.
  Sairocarpus D.A. Sutton -- snapdragon
  Schistophragma Benth.
  Schwalbea L. -- schwalbea
  Scoparia L. -- licorice weed
  Scrophularia L. -- figwort
  Seymeria Pursh -- black senna
  Stemodia L. -- twintip
  Striga Lour. -- witchweed
  Synthyris Benth. -- kittentails
  Tomanthera
  Tonella Nutt.
  Torenia L.
  Triphysaria Fisch. & C.A. Mey. -- owl's-clover
  Verbascum L. -- mullein
  Veronica L. -- speedwell
  Veronicastrum Heister
and about 200 more.
Ref: ITIS 33005
For full list see Kew

Scrophulariaceae is a family of plants, comprising 292 genera and about 4000 species.

In such a large family you'll find many medicinal plants, among them:

Bacopa, water hyssop,
Chelone, turtlehead,
Digitalis, foxgloves (Toxic!),
Euphrasia, eyebrights,
Gratiola, hedge hyssop,
Linaria, toadflaxes,
Rehmannia, Chinese foxglove, used in TCM,
Scrophularia, figworts,
Verbascum, mulleins,
Veronica, speedwells (including Veronica virginica, old: Leptandra virginica, Black root, Culver's root, Leptandra).

There are also half- and full parasites, among them

Melampyrum, cow-wheats,
Pedicularis, wood betonys, louseworts.

And gardeners will recognize Anthirrhinum, snapdragons, which include the spectacularly ornamental annuals, Antirrhinum majus.

Tight-lipped species of both Antirrhinums and Linarias can be made to open their jaws by pressing on the hinges of single plucked flowers. This is fascinating to both kids and playful adults, especially when accompanied by appropriate sound effects: "woof woof" for the smaller Linarias, and lionlike roars for the larger Antirrhinums.

Orobanche is sometimes found in its own family, Orobanchaceae.

Crosswords: Scrophulariaceae

English words defined with "Scrophulariaceae": Antirrhinum, Asteridae ♦ family Scrophulariaceae ♦ genus Antirrhinum, genus Scrophularia ♦ Paulownia ♦ Scrophularia, Scrophulariaceous, subclass Asteridae. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Scrophulariaceae" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses.

Latin (scrophulariaceae).

Domain	Title
Books	Flora of China, Volume 18, Scrophulariaceae through (reference) Scrophulariaceae, Part 1 (Flora Neotropica, Monograph No 47) (reference) Solanaceae and Scrophulariaceae (Flora of the Ussr, Vol 22) (reference) Systematics of Antirrhinum Scrophulariaceae in the New World (Systematics Botany Monographs, Vol 22) (reference) The Manuleae: A Tribe of Scrophulariaceae (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Butter and eggs - Scrophulariaceae Linaria vulgaris in a Swift parking lot area .Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR).
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

"Scrophulariaceae" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 66.67% of the time. "Scrophulariaceae" is used about 3 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (plural)	66.67%	2	245,945
Noun (proper)	33.33%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	3	N/A

Expression using "Scrophulariaceae": family Scrophulariaceae. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "Scrophulariaceae"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Danish		maskeblomstfamilie. (various references)

Dutch		scrophulariaceeën, leeuwebekjesfamilie, helmkruidfamilie. (various references)

Finnish		naamakukkaiskasvit. (various references)

French		scrofularinées, scrofulariacées. (various references)

German		Rachenblütler. (various references)

Greek		γρομφαδιώδη, χοιραδιώδη. (various references)

Italian		scrofulariacee. (various references)

Pig Latin		ophulariaceaescray

Portuguese		escrofulariáceas. (various references)

Spanish		escrofulariáceas. (various references)

Swedish		skrofulariacéer, lejongapsväxter. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	Scrophulariaceae. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-a-c-c-e-e-h-i-l-o-p-r-r-s-u"
	-4 letters: archesporial.
	-5 letters: archesporia, reciprocals.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.