Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: SALT WATER |
SALT WATER1. Water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also, tears. Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see; And yet salt water blinds them not so much But they can see a sort of traitors here. --Shak. |
| Domain | Definition |
Chemistry | A saturated, or unsaturated, solution of water and NaCl or some de-icing chemicals ; in certain parts of the world-e. g. the Salton sea area in California-the geothermal fluids consist of boiling brine(water of high saline concentrations and sometimes of caustic pro perties). Whilst such brines may offer industrial possibilities for the recovery of salts and other minerals, they can also be used for other purposes including power production. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | Inclusion caused by molten material which was not incorporated into the glass and recrystallized on cooling of the glass(usually sodium sulphate). Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Salinity refers to the concept of saltiness of a body of water. Water is defined as saline if it contains 3 to 5% salt by volume. The ocean is naturally saline at ~3.5% salt (see sea water). Some inland salt lakes (seas) are even saltier. The technical term for ocean saltiness is halinity, from the fact that halides (chloride, specifically) are the most abundant anion in the mix of dissolved solids. In oceanography, it has been traditional to express salinity as concentration in parts per thousand (ppt or o/oo), which is grams salt per liter of water.
The salt content of most lakes, rivers, and streams is so small that these waters are termed fresh or even sweet water. Salt is difficult to remove from water, and salt content is a factor in water potability. Salinity is an ecological factor of considerable import, influencing the types of organisms that live in a body of water. As well, salinity influences the kinds of plants that will grow either in a water body, or on land fed by a water (or by a groundwater). A plant adapted to a saline conditions is called a halophyte (for salt loving). See also biosalinity. Animals and bacteria that can live in very salty conditions are classified as extremophiles.
THALASSIC SERIES >300 o/oo -------------------- hyperhaline 60 - 80 o/oo -------------------- metahaline 40 o/oo -------------------- mixoeuhaline 30 o/oo -------------------- polyhaline 18 o/oo -------------------- mesohaline 5 o/oo -------------------- oligohaline 0.5 o/oo -------------------- Highly saline water is referred to as brine.
References
- Dahl, E. 1956. Ecological salinity boundaries in poikilohaline waters. Oikos, 7(I): 1–21.
- Por, F. D. 1972. Hydrobiological notes on the high-salinity waters of the Sinai Peninsula. Mar. Biol., 14(2): 111–119.
- Venice system. 1959. Final resolution of the symposium on the classification of brackish waters. Archo Oceanogr. Limnol., 11 (suppl): 243–248.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Salinity."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
For information on Salt water, please see sea water or salinity.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Salt water."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Seawater is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of ~3.5%. This means that for every 1 liter (1000mL) of seawater there are 35 grams of dissolved salts (mostly, but not entirely, sodium chloride). Water with this level of osmolarity is not potable.Sea water is not uniformly saline throughout the world. The planet's freshest sea water is in the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea. The most saline sea is the Red Sea, where heat increases the rate of surface evaporation and there is little fresh inflow from rivers.
Composition of Earth's ocean water by element Element Percent Element Percent Oxygen 85.7000 Sulfur 0.0885 Hydrogen 10.8000 Calcium 0.0400 Chlorine 1.9000 Potassium 0.0380 Sodium 1.0500 Bromine 0.0065 Magnesium 0.1350 Carbon 0.0026
Ocean Salinity
Scientific theories behind the origins of sea salt started with Sir Edmond Halley in 1715, who proposed that salt and other minerals were carried into the sea by rivers, having been leached out of the ground by rainfall runoff. Upon reaching the ocean, these salts would be retained and concentrated as the process of evaporation (see Hydrologic cycle) removed the water. Halley noted that of the small number of lakes in the world without ocean outlets (such as the Dead Sea and the Caspian Sea), most have high salt content. Halley termed this process "continental weathering".
Halley's theory is partly correct. In addition, sodium was leached out of the ocean floor when the oceans first formed. The presence of the other dominant element of salt, chlorine, results from "outgassing" of chlorine (as hydrochloric acid) with other gases from Earth's interior via volcanos and hydrothermal vents. The sodium and chlorine subsequently combined to become the most abundant constituent of sea salt.
Ocean salinity has been stable for millions of years, most likely as a consequence of a chemical/tectonic system which recycles the salt. Since the ocean's creation, sodium is no longer leached out of the ocean floor, but instead is captured in sedimentary layers covering the bed of the ocean. One theory is that plate tectonics result in salt being forced under the continental land masses, where it is again slowly leached to the surface.
Cultural Aspects
Even on a ship or island in the middle of the ocean, there can be a "shortage of water" meaning, of course, a shortage of fresh water. This is described most famously by a line from Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner:
Seawater can be turned into drinkable water by the process of desalination.
- "Water, water, every where,
- Nor any drop to drink.".
Related Links
- http://www.sealevelcontrol.com/
- http://ic.ucsc.edu/~acr/ocea1/chemoc_files/Seawater.htm
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sea water."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Ocean | Noun: sea, ocean, main, deep, brine, salt water, waves, billows, high seas, offing, great waters, watery waste, "vasty deep"; wave, tide,. (water in motion). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: SALT WATER |
| English words defined with "SALT WATER": aquatic bird, atomic number 11 ♦ Brine pan, Brine spring ♦ class Cyanobacteria, class Cyanophyceae, cryptomonad, cryptophyte, Cyanophyceae ♦ estuary ♦ family Spirochaetaceae, fresh ♦ genus Amoeba, genus Morone, Great Salt Lake ♦ Kakaralli ♦ Morone ♦ Na ♦ plankton ♦ Rissoid ♦ Salination, salt flat, Salt marsh, Salt pan, salt plain, Salt spring, sea, Sea pool, sodium, Spirochaetaceae ♦ Wash barrel. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "SALT WATER": ARCHITECT, MARINE, AtNHX gene ♦ Brevibacterium, BRINE MAKER I, BRINE-WELL OPERATOR ♦ Desulfovibrio, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, Diatoms ♦ earth fault tester ♦ IRISH-MOSS BLEACHER ♦ Mariculture, mud logging ♦ PIPE COVERER AND INSULATOR, pump operator, brine well ♦ salt tolerance gene, Salt Water Intrusion, salty man, Santa Maria, simulated man, SUPERVISOR, POND. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "SALT WATER": Sol. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Salt water makes Doyle bloat (Bio-Dome; writing credit: Adam Leff; Mitchell Peck) Crocodiles can't swim in salt water. (Lake Placid; writing credit: David E. Kelley) I have salt water in my toilet (Clerks; writing credit: Paul Dini; Brian Kelley) Sharks only swim in salt water. (Clerks; writing credit: Paul Dini; Brian Kelley) | |
Lyrics | Salt water trout, pretty young thing (Left & Right Featuring Method Man And Redman; performing artist: D'Angelo) | |
Clever | Revenge has no more quenching effect on emotions than salt water has on thirst. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Salt Water Tabby (1947) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Crayfish found in a salt water pond near the Patuxent River. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | A well-camouflaged Leopard Frog sitting near the edge of a salt water creek. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | The fourth image in this series shows the size of the culvert after it was placed where the main creek intersects the road. The new culvert will help to improve salt water exchange at Sachuest Marsh. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Emulsified oil in Point Judith Pond, RI. Oil becomes emulsified when it mixes with water and sediments. Point Judith Pond is a salt water inlet. During the spill oil drifted into many of the salt ponds and inlets. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Quivett Creek, on the border of Dennis and Brewster, MA, is in a salt marsh that has been divided in two by a culvert and a small access road. Salt water flow was restricted by the road and the malfunctioning culvert. Restoration work will include enlarging the culvert and improving restricted water flow. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Large stands of Phragmites australis often indicate that salt water flow is restricted in marshes. This non-native grass is beautiful, but salt marshes in the northeastern United States should be comprised of Spartina grasses and other native salt marsh plants. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | This image shows construction of a new wetland nursery at a St. Petersburg high school. The donor plants are brought to the nursery and then used in restoration projects. The nursery ponds are lined with plastic to hold in salt water and nutrients. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Testing her anti-nuclear radiation "washdown" system, 7 July 1954. The original caption reads: "USS Worcester ... steaming under a protective water screen during atomic defense maneuvers. The ship employs its salt water system to cleanse itself of radioactive debris resulting from an atomic attack. The water carrying the radioactive debris is shown being discharged into the sea.". Credit: NAVY. |
 | Gives Naval Academy Midshipmen a "taste of salt water" on their annual cruise, during the early 1920s. She is followed by USS Delaware (BB-28) and USS North Dakota (BB-29). Credit: NAVY. |  | That's the house : a sightly place, but I like to turn in a mite higher above salt water when I'm ashore. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Rinse with warm salt water after meals and before bedtime. (references) | |
There are other causes of rash that may occur after swimming in fresh and salt water. (references) | ||
Standard therapy involves intravenous injections of hydrocortisone, saline (salt water), and dextrose (sugar). (references) | ||
Economic History | West Bank | They enjoy jointly a 4,000 mt duty-free import quota for frozen salt water fish from the U.S. In spite of this, only five percent of all frozen salt water fish imports are of U.S. origin. (references) |
Israel | Under the U.S.-Israel 1996 Agreement on Trade in Agricultural Products (ATAP) there is an annual duty-free quota of frozen salt water fish of more than 4,000 mt which was almost fully utilized by American exporters for the first time in 2000. The ex-quota duty is 15 percent. (references) | |
Travel | Ghana | While the salt water at the ocean beaches near Accra is relatively clean, the strong surf and treacherous undertow are extremely dangerous. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "SALT WATER"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Czech | slaná voda (brine). (various references) | |
Danish | saltvand (brine, saline water). (various references) | |
Dutch | zout water (brine). (various references) | |
Esperanto | sala akvo. (various references) | |
Finnish | suolavesi (brine). (various references) | |
French | saumure (saline water), galles (salt), gale (salt), fiel (salt), eau saline (saline water), eau salée. (various references) | |
German | Salzwasser (brine, saltwater), Sole (brine). (various references) | |
Greek | σαλαμούρα (brine, pickle, souse), άρμη (brine), άλμη (brine, pickle), αλμλλοιπο (brine, saline water), τετηγμένο σουλφάτ (gall, salt), θαλασσινόσ (marine, sailorly, seamanlike, seamanly). (various references) | |
Hungarian | tengervízben élő, tengervíz, tengeri (limpet, maize, marine, maritime, Mealies, nautical, naval, turkey corn, Turkish wheat), tengerben élő, sós víz, könnyek. (various references) | |
Italian | acqua salata (brine). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 潮 (ebb & flood, opportunity, tide), 潮 (ebb and flood, opportunity, tide), 塩水 (brine), 塩水 (brine). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しおみず (brine, seawater), しお (ebb and flood, opportunity, salt, tide), え"すい (brine, cone, plumb bob). (various references) | |
Manx | sailley (brine, corn, cure, pickle, salt), saailley (sea water). (various references) | |
Papiamen | awasá. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | altsay aterway.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sal (sal, salt), fel (gall bladder), água salina (saline water), água salgada (brine). (various references) | |
Romanian | de apã sãratã. (various references) | |
Scottish | s l (also s il, the sea as salt water). (various references) | |
Spanish | salmuera (brine), sal (raciness, Sal, salt, sauce, wit), poza de sal (gall, salt), picado (choppy, dive, dived, ground, nosedive, vexed), hiel (bile, bitterness, choler, gall), agua salina (saline water), agua salada (brine). (various references) | |
Swedish | saltvatten (brine, saltwater), saltlösning (saline solution), galla (bile, choler, gall, vitriol), brine (brine, saline water). (various references) | |
Turkish | tuzlu su (brine, saltwater), deniz suyu (sea water). (various references) | |
Turkmen | юorsuw. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | солоний (briny, corned, pickled, saline, salt, salted, salty), що мешка" у солоній воді. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | nước biển (brine, sea-water). (various references) | |
Welsh | heli (brine). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | James Chapter 3, Verse 12 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Mh dunatai adelfoi mou sukh elaiaV poihsai h ampeloV suka outwV oudemia phgh alukon kai gluku poihsai udwr |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Numquid potest fratres mei ficus olivas facere aut vitis ficus sic neque salsa dulcem potest facere aquam |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | My britheren, whether a fige tre may make grapis, ethir a vyne figus? So nethir salt watir mai make swete watir. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Can the fygge tree my Brethren beare olive beries: other a vyne beare fygges? |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Can the fig-tree, my brethren, bear olive-berries? or a vine, figs? so no fountain can yield both salt water and fresh. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Is a fig-tree able to give us olives, my brothers, or do we get figs from a vine, or sweet water from the salt sea? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | James Chapter 3, Verse 12 |
| Cebuano | Mga igsoon ko, makapamunga bag mga olivo ang kahoyng igira, o makapamunga bag mga igos ang punoan sa parras? Dili, maingon nga ang tubod nga maparat dili makahatag ug matab-ang nga tubig. |
| Croatian | Može li, braæo moja, smokva roditi maslinama ili trs smokvama? Ni slan izvor ne može dati slatke vode. |
| Danish | Mon et Figentræ, mine Brødre! kan give Oliven, eller et Vintræ Figener? Heller ikke kan en Salt Kilde give fersk Vand. |
| Dutch | Kan ook, mijn broeders, een vijgeboom olijven voortbrengen, of een wijnstok vijgen? Alzo kan geen fontein zout en zoet water voortbrengen. |
| Finnish | Eihän, veljeni, viikunapuu voi tuottaa öljymarjoja eikä viinipuu viikunoita? Eikä myöskään suolainen lähde voi antaa makeata vettä. |
| French | Un figuier, mes frères, peut-il produire des olives, ou une vigne des figues? De l`eau salée ne peut pas non plus produire de l`eau douce. |
| German | Kann auch, liebe Brüder, ein Feigenbaum Ölbeeren oder ein Weinstock Feigen tragen? Also kann auch ein Brunnen nicht salziges und süßes Wasser geben. |
| Haitian Creole | Frè m' yo, yon pye fig frans pa ka donnen grenn oliv. Ni yon pye rezen pa ka donnen fig frans. Dlo sale pa ka bay dlo dous non plis. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Pohon ara, Saudara-saudaraku, tidak bisa menghasilkan buah zaitun, dan pohon anggur tidak bisa menghasilkan buah ara. Mata air yang asin tidak bisa juga mengeluarkan air tawar. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Hai saudara-saudaraku, bolehkah pohon ara berbuahkan buah zaitun, atau pohon anggur berbuahkan buah ara? Maka tiada boleh air masin mengeluarkan air tawar. |
| Latvian | Vai, mani brâïi, vîìes koks dod vînogas un vînkoks vîìes? Tâpat arî sâlsavots nevar dot saldenu ûdeni. |
| Maori | E hua ranei he oriwa ma te piki, e oku teina, he piki ranei ma te waina? e kore ano hoki e pupu ake i te wai tai he wai reka. |
| Norwegian | Kan vel et fikentre, mine brødre, bære oljebær, eller et vintre fiken? Heller ikke kan en salt kilde gi søtt vann. |
| Portuguese | Meus irmãos, pode acaso uma figueira produzir azeitonas, ou uma videira figos? Nem tampouco pode uma fonte de água salgada dar água doce. |
| Rumanian | Frayii mei, poate oare un smochin sq facq mqsline, sau o viyq sq facq smochine? Nici apa sqratq nu poate da apq dulce. |
| Shuar | Yatsuru, ¿Kushinkiap shuinian nereawak. Munchisha kushinkiapen nerektatuak? Núnisan Púkuninmaya entsa Sáawijiai kusuku Jíinkichminiaiti. Ii iniaijiai Núnisan aya pénkera nu chichastiniaitji. |
| Spanish | Hermanos míos, ¿puede la higuera producir olivas, o la vid higos? Tampoco de una fuente de agua salada brota agua dulce. |
| Swahili | Ndugu zangu, je, mti wa mtini waweza kuzaa zeituni? Au, mzabibu waweza kuzaa tini? Chemchemi ya maji ya chumvi haiwezi kutoa maji matamu. |
| Uma | Kaju ara uma-i mowua' zaitun. Pai' kaju anggur, uma-i mowua' ara. Buwu to mopoi' uma-i mpopehuwu ue to mononto. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: saltwater. | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-e-l-r-s-t-t-w" | |
-1 letter: stalwart. | |
-2 letters: rattles, starlet, startle, stratal, swatter, warstle, wastrel, wattles, wrastle. | |
-3 letters: alates, alerts, altars, alters, artels, astral, attars, estral, laster, latest, latter, lattes, ratals, ratels, rattle, rawest, reatas, salter, slater, staler, statal, stater, stelar, strata, talars, talers, tarsal, taster, tatars, taters, tawers, tetras, trawls, treats, walers, warsle, waster, waters, watter, wattle. | |
-4 letters: alate. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-e-l-r-s-t-t-w" | |
+1 letter: tailwaters. | |
+3 letters: stalwartness. | |
+5 letters: stalwartnesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Bible Trace 11. Anagrams 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
