Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Saffron |
SaffronNoun1. Old World crocus having purple or white flowers with aromatic pungent orange stigmas used in flavoring food. 2. Dried pungent stigmas of the Old World saffron crocus. 3. A shade of yellow tinged with orange. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "saffron" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Bible | Saffron Heb. karkom, Arab. zafran (i.e., "yellow"), mentioned only in Cant. 4:13, 14; the Crocus sativus. Many species of the crocus are found in Palestine. The pistils and stigmata, from the centre of its flowers, are pressed into "saffron cakes," common in the East. "We found," says Tristram, "saffron a very useful condiment in travelling cookery, a very small pinch of it giving not only a rich yellow colour but an agreable flavour to a dish of rice or to an insipid stew." Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Food & Agriculture | Dried stigmas and styles of the flowers of the saffron crocus; it is used as a seasoning and also in confectionery and medicine. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Saffron He hath slept in a bed of saffron. In Latin dormivit in sacco croci. meaning he has a very light heart, in reference to the exhilarating effects of saffron, "With genial joy to warm his soul Helen mixed saffron in the bowl." Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Saffron has also been used as a fabric dye.
In England during the 15th - 18th centuries, saffron was grown extensively in parts of Cambridgeshire and Essex. The Essex town of Saffron Walden got its name from being a market center for the saffron trade.
Spain and India are major producers of saffron. Saffron owes its fantastic price to the difficulty of extracting the stamens of the crocus individually by hand and how many it takes to make up a given weight, because they are so small. To make a pound of saffron requires approximately 25,000 stamens; each crocus contributes three.
Saffron is used in paella and in a variety of Indian foods.
Saffron is, at least superficially, the subject of Donovan's song "Mellow yellow".
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Saffron."
Synonyms: SaffronSynonyms: orange yellow (n), saffron crocus (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Condiment | Saffron. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Saffron |
| English words defined with "saffron": arroz con pollo ♦ bouillabaisse ♦ Colchicine, Colchicum autumnale, colchine, Croceous, Crocin, Croconic, Crocose, Crocus sativus, Croker ♦ false saffron ♦ Hare Krishna ♦ International Society for Krishna Consciousness, ISKCON ♦ meadow saffron ♦ Polychroite ♦ saffron crocus, Saffron wood, Saffron yellow, Saffrony, Safranin, Scolymus hispanicus, Spanish oyster plant ♦ Thevetia neriifolia, Thevetia peruviana ♦ yellow oleander. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "saffron": Crocum in Ciliciam ferre ♦ Refreshments ♦ Saffron Veil, Symbolism of Colours. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "saffron": safflower. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
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Books | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | White English Medow Saffron.Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| "Saffron" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 66.27% of the time. "Saffron" is used about 169 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 66.27% | 112 | 30,646 |
| Noun (proper) | 33.73% | 57 | 44,859 |
| Total | 100.00% | 169 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "saffron": Bastard saffron ♦ Dyer's saffron ♦ false saffron ♦ meadow saffron ♦ saffron bun ♦ saffron crocus ♦ saffron oil ♦ saffron wood ♦ saffron yellow. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "saffron": saffron-azure, saffron-clad, saffron-coloured, saffron-dyed, saffron-gatherer, saffron-like, saffron-robed, saffron-tinted, saffron-yellow. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
saffron | 427 |
saffron burrow | 108 |
saffron rice | 25 |
saffron recipe | 23 |
saffron walden | 20 |
agriculture saffron | 15 |
saffron importer | 11 |
company list saffron | 11 |
spanish saffron | 10 |
recipe rice saffron | 10 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "saffron"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | shafran. (various references) | |
Arabic | كركم نباتي, لون الزعفران, زعفران (crocus). (various references) | |
Breton | safron. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | шафран, жълт цвят (maize, yellow), жълт минзухар. (various references) | |
Chinese | 番红花 (crocus). (various references) | |
Czech | šafrán (crocus). (various references) | |
Danish | safran. (various references) | |
Dutch | saffraan. (various references) | |
Farsi | زعفرانی کردن , زعفرانی , زعفران زدن به . (various references) | |
Finnish | sahrami, safrani. (various references) | |
French | safran. (various references) | |
German | Safran. (various references) | |
Greek | κρόκος (crocus, egg-yolk), ζαφορά (crocus). (various references) | |
Hebrew | זעפרן. (various references) | |
Hungarian | sáfrány (crocus). (various references) | |
Italian | zafferano. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 鬱金色 (yellow), サフラワー油 (safflower oil). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | う""いろ (yellow), サフラン . (various references) | |
Korean | 사"란. (various references) | |
Manx | crogh (cross, crucifix, gibbet). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | affronsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | açafrão (crocus). (various references) | |
Romanian | şofran (crocus). (various references) | |
Russian | шафран (crocus). (various references) | |
Scottish | cròch. (various references) | |
Sepedi | e tshehla. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | šafran (crocus). (various references) | |
Spanish | azafran. (various references) | |
Swedish | saffran. (various references) | |
Thai | ผงสีเหลืองอมส้มทำจาก"อก Crocus, สีเหลืองอมส้ม. (various references) | |
Turkish | safran rengi, safran (colchicum, crocus). (various references) | |
Ukranian | шафрановий, шафран (crocus). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | m u v ng nghệ. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | krokos. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | crocus, Crocus sativus, Crocus sativus Linnaeus, luteas, luteo. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Song of Solomon Chapter 4, Verse 14 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | NardoV kai krokoV kalamoV kai kinnamwmon meta pantwn xulwn tou libanou smurna alwq meta pantwn prwtwn murwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nardus et crocus fistula et cinnamomum cum universis lignis Libani murra et aloe cum omnibus primis unguentis |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And narde, and safrun, fistula, and canel, with alle the trees of Liban, myrre, and aloes, with alle the firste oynemens. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices: |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Spikenard and safron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Song of Solomon Chapter 4, Verse 14 |
| Bulgarian | Нард и шафран, тръстика и канела, С всичките дървета доставящи благоухания като ливан, Смирна и алой, с всичките най-изрядни аромати. |
| Cebuano | Nardo ug azafran, Calamo ug canela, uban ang tanan nga kahoy sa incienso; Mirra ug mga aloe, uban ang tanan nga labing maayo nga igapahumot. |
| Chinese | 有 " ' 番 紅 花 、 菖 ' 、 ' 桂 樹 、 並 各 樣 乳 香 木 、 ' 藥 、 沉 香 與 一 切 上 等 的 果 " 。 |
| Croatian | nard i šafran, mirisna trska i cimet, sa svim stabljikama tamjanovim, smirna i aloj s najboljim mirisima. |
| Danish | Nardus og Kalmus og Kanel og alle Slags Vellugtstræer, Myrra og Safran og Aloe og alskens ypperlig Balsam. |
| Dutch | Nardus en saffraan, kalmus en kaneel, met allerlei bomen van wierook, mirre en aloe, mitsgaders alle voornaamste specerijen. |
| Finnish | nardusta ja sahramia, kalmoruokoa ja kanelia ynnä kaikkinaisia suitsukepuita, mirhaa ja aloeta ynnä kaikkinaisia parhaita balsamikasveja. |
| French | Le nard et le safran, le roseau aromatique et le cinnamome, Avec tous les arbres qui donnent l`encens; La myrrhe et l`aloès, Avec tous les principaux aromates; |
| German | Narde und Safran, Kalmus und Zimt, mit allerlei Bäumen des Weihrauchs, Myrrhen und Aloe mit allen besten Würzen. |
| Haitian Creole | tibonm ak safran, sitwonèl ak kannèl ak tout kalite pyebwa ki bay lansan, lami ak lalwa, ansanm ak tout kalite plant ki gen bon sant. |
| Hungarian | Nárdus és sáfrány, jóillatú nád és fahéj, &mindenféle temjéntermõ fákkal, &mirha és áloes, minden drága fûszerszámokkal. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | narwastu, kunyit, kayu manis dan tebu, dengan macam-macam pohon kemenyan. Mur dan gaharu, dengan macam-macam rempah pilihan. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | narwastu dan kumkuma, deringu dan kayu manis serta dengan segala pokok kemenyan dan mur dan cendana dan segala jenis rempah-rempah yang terutama. |
| Italian | nardo e zafferano, cannella e cinnamòmo con ogni specie d'alberi da incenso; mirra e aloe con tutti i migliori aromi. |
| Korean | 나 도 와, 번 홍 " 와, 창 포 와, 계 수 와, 각 종 향 목 과, 몰 약 과, 침 향 과, 모 " 귀 한 향 ' 이 " |
| Maori | He nara, he hapirone, he karamu, he hinamona, me nga rakau parakihe katoa; he maira, he aroe, me nga mea nui katoa o nga kinaki kakara. |
| Modern Greek | ναρδος και κροκος· καλαμος και κινναμωμον, μετα παντων των δενδρων του θυμιαματος· σμυρνα και αλοη, μετα παντων των πρωτιστων αρωματων· |
| Norwegian | nardus og safran, kalmus og kanel med alle slags viraktrær, myrra og aloëtrær og alle de beste velluktende urter. |
| Portuguese | o nardo, e o açafrão, o cálamo, e o cinamomo, com toda sorte de árvores de incenso; a mirra e o aloés, com todas as principais especiarias. |
| Rumanian | nard wi wofran, trestie mirositoare wi scoryiwoarq, cu tot felul de tufari de tqmkie, smirnq wi aloe, cu cele mai alese mirezme. |
| Russian | ОБТ" Й ЫБЖТБО, БЙТ Й ЛПТЙ"Б УП ЧУСЛЙНЙ 'МБЗПЧПООЩНЙ "ЕТЕЧБНЙ, НЙТТБ Й БМПК УП ЧУСЛЙНЙ МХЮЫЙНЙ БТПНБФБНЙ; |
| Spanish | nardos, azafrán, cálamo, canela, plantas de incienso, mirra, áloe, con todas las mejores variedades de especias. |
| Swedish | med nardus och saffran, kalmus och kanel och rökelseträd av alla slag, med myrra och aloe och de yppersta kryddor av alla slag. |
| Thai | ต้นแฝกหอมและต้นฝรั่น ต้นตะไคร้และอบเชย อีกทั้งบรร"าต้นไม้สำหรับทำกำยานคือต้นม"ยอบและต้นกฤษ"า อีกทั้งเครื่องหอมชั้นเยี่ยมทั้งสิ้น |
| Ukrainian | нард і шафран, пахуча тростина й кориця з усіма деревами ладану, мирра й алое зо всіма найзапашнішими пахощами, |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "saffron": saffrons. (additional references) | |
| |
"Saffron" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Balfron, Caffon, Safarov, saffo, saffra, Saffrey, saffro, Saffroned, Safon, safran, safro, safron, sanfoin, Seffray, Seffrid, shaffron, Shafron, Sifrin, Staffon. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "saffron" (pronounced sa"frun) |
| 3 | -r u n | apron, aspirin, Baron, barren, brethren, Buran, cauldron, Chevron, children, citron, doctrine, fibrin, foreign, garron, giron, grandchildren, heron, intron, Marron, matron, octahedron, patron, perron, Philodendron, polyhedron, rhododendron, schoolchildren, siren, sovereign, sovran, squadron, stepchildren, tetrahedron, Warren. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-f-f-n-o-r-s" | |
-2 letters: arson, fanos, faros, frons, raffs, roans, sofar, sonar. | |
-3 letters: arfs, fano, fans, faro, fons, fora, naos, oafs, oars, offs, osar, raff, roan, soar, sofa, sora, sorn. | |
-4 letters: aff, arf, ars, fan, far, fas, fon, for, fro, nor, nos, oaf, oar, off, ons, ora, ors, ran, ras, son. | |
-5 letters: an, ar, as, fa, na, no, of, on, or, os, so. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-f-f-n-o-r-s" | |
+1 letter: affronts, saffrons. | |
+2 letters: fanfarons, raffinose. | |
+3 letters: raffinoses, stroganoff. | |
+4 letters: afforesting, insufflator. | |
+5 letters: affirmations, diffractions, fanfaronades, foraminifers, insufflators, overstaffing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 61 66 66 72 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... .- ..-. ..-. .-. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010011 01100001 01100110 01100110 01110010 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)S a f f r o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0053 0061 0066 0066 0072 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)53677272848180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Translations: Ancient | 13. Bible Trace 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Orthography 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
