Respiratory System

Definition: Respiratory System

Respiratory System

Noun

1. The system for taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide; in terrestrial animals this is accomplished by breathing.

Domain	Definitions
Health	The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The respiratory system is the biological system of any organism that engages in gaseous exchange. Even trees have respiratory systems, taking in carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen.

The human respiratory system consists of:

nasal passages, in which air is moistened and in which the sense of smell operates
the pharynx, a common area in the back of the mouth through which air, food and drink passes
the larynx, or voicebox
the trachea, an air tube that connects with the bronchi
bronchi, tubes that carry air to and from the lungs
bronchioles, branches of the bronchi which distribute air to the alveoli
alveoli, terminal sacs in which gas exchange occurs

The alveoli and bronchioles form the lungs. Air is moved in and out of the lungs by the movements of the rib cage and diaphragm, which expand the lungs to draw in air and compress the lungs to drive out air. A simple model of how the lungs are inflated can be built from a bell jar.

There are four basic measured lung volumes:

The tidal volume (TV): the volume of air an individual is normally breathing in and out.
The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): the maximum volume of air that can be inspired in addition to the tidal volume.
The expiratory reserve volume (ERV): the maximum volume of air that can be expired in addition to the normally expired air.
The residual volume (RV): the amount of air that is always in the lungs and can never be expired (i.e.: the amount of air that stays in the lungs after maximum expiration).

From these volumes, several important capacities are also calculated:

The total lung capacity (TLC): the total volume of the lung (i.e.: the volume of air in the lungs after maximum inspiration).

 TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV

The functional residual capacity (FRC): the amount of air that stays in the lungs during normal breathing.

 FRC = ERV + RV

Synonym: Respiratory System

Synonym: systema respiratorium (n). (additional references)

Domain	Title
Books	Advanced Assessment Techniques of the Respiratory System (reference) Autonomic Control of the Respiratory System (The Autonomic Nervous System) (reference) Immunopharmacology of the Respiratory System (Handbook of Immunopharmacology Series) (reference) The Respiratory System (Systems of Human Anatomy) (reference) Why Can't I Breathe Underwater?: And Other Questions About the Respiratory System (Bodywise) (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Corynebacterium diphtheriae can not only affect the respiratory system, but the skin as well, where it manifests as an open wound.Credit: CDC.		This bacterium causes urinary tract infections, respiratory system infections, dermatitis, soft tissue infections, bacteremia and a variety of systemic infections, particularly in cancer and AIDS patients who are immunosuppressed.Credit: CDC.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		The remainder of the respiratory system is comparatively not affected. (references)
		In later stages of the disease, patients have difficulty breathing as the muscles of the respiratory system weaken. (references)
		These chemicals act on tissues in various parts of the body, such as the respiratory system, and cause the symptoms of allergy. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Expressions using "respiratory system": Anti-Allergic and Respiratory System Agents ♦ Respiratory System Abnormalities ♦ Respiratory System Agents. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "respiratory system"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Danish		R37/38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R37 (irritating to respiratory system), R36/37/38 (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), R36/37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), nedre åndedrætsorganer (lower respiratory system), irriterer åndedrætsorganerne og huden (irritating to respiratory system and skin), irriterer åndedrætsorganerne (irritating to respiratory system), irriterer øjnene,åndedrætsorganerne og huden (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), irriterer øjnene og åndedrætsorganerne (irritating to eyes and respiratory system). (various references)

Dutch		R37-38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R3738 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R37/38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R37 (irritating to respiratory system), R36-37-38 (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), R36-37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), R3637 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), R36/37/38 (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), R36/37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), R263738 (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), irriterend voor de ogen, de ademhalingswegen en de huid (irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin), irriterend voor de ogen en de ademhalingswegen (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), irriterend voor de ademhalingswegen en de huid (irritating to respiratory system and skin), irriterend voor de ademhalingswegen (irritating to respiratory system), ademhalingssysteem (lower respiratory system). (various references)

Finnish		alempi hengityselimistö (lower respiratory system). (various references)

French		R363738 (respiratory system and skin), R36/37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), R36/37/38 (respiratory system and skin), R36-37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), R36-37-38 (respiratory system and skin), R37 (irritating to respiratory system), R37/38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R3738 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R37-38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin), R3637 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), système respiratoire malade (patient respiratory system), appareil respiratoire inférieur (lower respiratory system), système malade (patient respiratory system), irritant pour les yeux, les voies respiratoires et la peau (respiratory system and skin), irritant pour les yeux et les voies respiratoires (irritating to eyes and respiratory system), irritant pour les voies respiratoires et la peau (irritating to respiratory system and skin), irritant pour les voies respiratoires (irritating to respiratory system). (various references)

German		atmungssystem (breathing apparatus, respiratory apparatus, upper respiratory tract). (various references)

Greek		κακοήθη νεοπλάσματα άλλων και ασαφώς καθορισμένων εντοπίσεων του αναπνευστικού συστήματος και των ενδοθωρακικών οργάνων (malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites within the respiratory system and intrathoracic organs), κακοήθη νεοπλάσματα των οργάνων του αναπνευστικού συστήματος (malignant neoplasm of respiratory system), ερεθίζει τα μάτια,το αναπνευστικό σύστημα και το δέρμα (irritating to eyes, R36/37/38, respiratory system and skin), ερεθίζει τα μάτια και το αναπνευστικό σύστημα (irritating to eyes and respiratory system, R36/37), ερεθίζει το αναπνευστικό σύστημα και το δέρμα (irritating to respiratory system and skin, R37/38), ερεθίζει το αναπνευστικό σύστημα (irritating to respiratory system, R37), δευτεροπαθή κακοήθη νεοπλάσματα του αναπνευστικού συστήματος (secondary malignant neoplasm of respiratory system), Ρ37/38 (irritating to respiratory system and skin, R37/38), Ρ37 (irritating to respiratory system, R37), Ρ36/37/38 (irritating to eyes, R36/37/38, respiratory system and skin), Ρ36/37 (irritating to eyes and respiratory system, R36/37). (various references)

Italian		apparato respiratorio. (various references)

Japanese Kanji		呼吸器系 . (various references)

Japanese Katakana		�"きゅうきけい. (various references)

Pig Latin		espiratoryray ystemsay

Portuguese		sistema respiratório. (various references)

Spanish		sistema respiratorio. (various references)

Swedish		andningsvägar. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Misspellings
	"Respiratory System" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: resperatory system. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-e-e-i-m-o-p-r-r-r-s-s-s-t-t-y-y"
	-5 letters: astrometries, respirometry, stripteasers, traitoresses.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

52 65 73 70 69 72 61 74 6F 72 79 53 79 73 74 65 6D

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010010 01100101 01110011 01110000 01101001 01110010 01100001 01110100 01101111 01110010 01111001 00100000 01010011 01111001 01110011 01110100 01100101 01101101

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#82 &#101 &#115 &#112 &#105 &#114 &#97 &#116 &#111 &#114 &#121 &#32 &#83 &#121 &#115 &#116 &#101 &#109

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0052 0065 0073 0070 0069 0072 0061 0074 006F 0072 0079 0053 0079 0073 0074 0065 006D

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
respiratory system	754	fetal pig respiratory system	6
picture of respiratory system	81	lesson plan respiratory system	6
human respiratory system	55	human body respiratory system	6
diagram of the respiratory system	51	respiratory system anatomy physiology	5
information respiratory system	36	diagram human respiratory system	5
respiratory system disease	26	the lung and respiratory system	5
function of respiratory system	25	horse respiratory system	5
frog respiratory system	21	exchange gas respiratory system	5
respiratory system anatomy	14	disorder of the respiratory system	5
filtering protection respiratory system	12	quiz respiratory system	5
mobile protection respiratory system	12	respiratory system image	4
fish respiratory system	10	kid respiratory system	4
respiratory system part	9	animal respiratory system	4
protection respiratory system	9	organs respiratory system	4
reptile respiratory system	8	dog respiratory system	4
bird respiratory system	8	cat respiratory system	4
circulatory and respiratory system	7	grasshopper respiratory system	3
fact respiratory system	7	respiratory system pic	3
picture of the human respiratory system	7	diagram frog respiratory system	3
pig respiratory system	7	respiratory system physiology	3
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Respiratory System

Definition: Respiratory System