Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Refiner |
RefinerNoun1. One whose work is to refine a specific thing; "he was a sugar refiner". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "refiner" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1644. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Bible | Refiner The process of refining metals is referred to by way of illustrations in Isa. 1:25; Jer. 6:29; Zech. 13:9; Mal. 3:2, 3. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Industry | Compartment of a container furnace following the melting end and separated from it by the bridge; it is connected with the melting end by the throat. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A machine for the treatment of fibre material in water, equipped either with refining discs(disc refiner)or a refining plug in a conical housing(conical refiner). Source: European Union. (references) | |
Occupations | Recovers precious metals, such as gold, platinum, and palladium from scrap dentures and extracted teeth, using furnace, retort, and laboratory equipment: Breaks scrap dentures, using hammer, and removes precious metals. Weighs each type metal and records weights. Places metal in retort and positions retort in furnace to melt metal particles. Turns valves to adjust temperature of furnace. Removes retort and pours molten metal solution into beaker, using tongs. Adds specified amounts of chemicals to molten metal solution to separate metal from solution. Pours solution through filter to recover precious dental metals. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Crosswords: Refiner |
| Specialty definitions using "refiner": chocolate finisher, chocolate refiner, chocolate-finisher operator, chocolate-refining roller ♦ LARD REFINER, LINSEED-OIL REFINER ♦ refiner bleacher, REFINING-MACHINE OPERATOR ♦ TUNGSTEN REFINER. (references) |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Saudi Aramco, a state owned company, is the largest oil producing company in the world and is also the sixth largest refiner. (references) | |
Economic History | Nicaragua | ESSO STANDARD OIL, refiner and a major distributor of petroleum derivatives. (references) |
Uruguay | The state-owned oil company, ANCAP, is the only importer and refiner of petroleum products in the country. (references) | |
Political Economy | TURKEY | The Turkish government has also committed to liberalizing voice telephony by 2004. A new electricity market law, providing for a market in electric power and an independent regulatory body, was passed in February 2001. Other major state-owned firms, including Turkish airlines and the Turpas oil refiner, are also slated for privatization. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Refiner" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Refiner" is used about 6 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 6 | 143,867 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
refiner | 23 |
refiner pro | 10 |
refiner golf | 9 |
gold refiner | 5 |
pore refiner | 3 |
fire refiner | 3 |
coupling refiner | 3 |
air refiner | 3 |
medicus refiner | 3 |
calculation refiner | 2 |
5 hinged iron pro refiner | 2 |
silver refiner | 2 |
club golf refiner | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "refiner"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | rafinues (rectifier), pastrues (abstergent, care-taker, laxative, orderly, purgative, purgatorial, purgatory, purificatory, purifier, rectifier, scavenger, swabber, swamper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | المكرر (repeater), المنقى, المصفى. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | апарат за рафиниране, апарат за пречистване. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 去渣机. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | refiner, raffinervalsevaerk, raffinør, foraedler (breeder, converter, plant breeder, seed breeder), arbejdswanne (nose, working chamber, working end), arbejdsvanne (nose, working chamber, working end). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | refiner-wals, refiner, werkwan (nose, working chamber, working end), werkoven (nose, working chamber, working end), vooroven (nose, working chamber, working end), veredelaar (converter, firm, operator, trader, user), homogeniseerwals. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | raffinointivalssi, työvanna (nose, working chamber, working end), jauhin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | raffineur. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Refiner (beater roll, beater-roll, roll), Raffineur, Veredler (converter), Verarbeiter (converter, processor), Arbeitswanne (nose, working chamber, working end). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | μετασχηματιστής (converter, electric transformer, reactance, transformer), μεταλλάκτης (converter, mutant), μετατροπέας (clipper, commutator, converter, convertor, inverter, invertor, media adapter, peak limiter, rotary converter, rotary convertor, rotary transformer, transducer), μαλακτήρας εξευγενισμού, λεκάνη εργασίας (nose, working chamber, working end), τριβείο, διυλιστήσ (distiller). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | זקק (distiller). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | tisztító (cleaner, dry cleaner's, purgatorial, purificatory, purifier), rafinőr, raffináló készülék, kúpostörő, frissítő olvasztár, finomító készülék, finomító hengerpár, anyagfoszlató. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | raffinatore (beater roll, beater-roll, roll), trasformatore (converter, electric transformer, processor, transformer), avanforno (boot, nose, working chamber, working end). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | sheeleyder (distiller, dribbler, seedsman), aaghlenneyder (purist, refinery). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | efinerray refinador (beater). (various references) рафинер, кричный мастер. (various references) prečišćavač. (various references) refinador (beater). (various references) raffinervalsverk, raffinerare, raffinör, massakvarn, arbetsvanna (nose, working chamber, working end). (various references) ince eleyip sık dokuyan kimse, gelişme sağlayan kimse, detaycı kimse, düzelten kimse (adjuster, corrector, improver, reformer), arıtıcı (purificatory, purifier). (various references) рафінер. (various references) purwr (purifier), coethwr. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Date | Source | Malachi Chapter 3, Verse 3 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai kaqieitai cwneuwn kai kaqarizwn wV to argurion kai wV to crusion kai kaqarisei touV uiouV leui kai ceei autouV wV to crusion kai wV to argurion kai esontai tw kuriw prosagonteV qusian en dikaiosunh |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et sedebit conflans et emundans argentum et purgabit filios Levi et colabit eos quasi aurum et quasi argentum et erunt Domino offerentes sacrificia in iustitia |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he shal sitte wellinge to gidre and clensynge syluer, and shal purge the sonys of Leuy; and shal purge hem as gold and as syluer, and thei shuln be offrynge to the Lord sacrifices in riytwisnessis. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver: and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver, that they may offer unto the LORD an offering in righteousness. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver: and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver, that they may offer to the LORD an offering in righteousness. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | He will take his seat, testing and cleaning the sons of Levi, burning away the evil from them as from gold and silver; so that they may make offerings to the Lord in righteousness. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Malachi Chapter 3, Verse 3 |
| Bulgarian | Ще седне като един, който топи и пречиства сребро, Та ще очисти левийците, И ще ги претопи като златото и среброто; И те ще принасят "осподу приноси с правда. |
| Cebuano | Ug siya molingkod ingon sa magtutunaw ug mag-uulay sa salapi, ug iyang putlion ang mga anak nga lalake ni Levi, ug ulayon sila ingon sa pag-ulay sa bulawan ug sa salapi; ug sila managhalad kang Jehova sa mga halad diha sa pagkamatarung. |
| Chinese | 他 必 坐 下 如 煉 淨 銀 子 的 、 必 " 淨 利 未 人 、 熬 煉 他 們 像 金 銀 一 樣 、 他 們 就 憑 公 義 獻 供 物 給 耶 ' 華 。 |
| Croatian | I zasjest æe kao onaj što topi srebro i proèišæava. Oèistit æe sinove Levijeve i proèistit æe ih kao zlato i srebro, da prinose Jahvi žrtvu u pravednosti. |
| Danish | Han sidder og smelter og renser Sølv; han renser Levis Sønner, lutrer dem som Guld og Sølv, så de kan frembære Offergave for HERREN i Retfærdighed, |
| Dutch | En Hij zal zitten, louterende, en het zilver reinigende, en Hij zal de kinderen van Levi reinigen, en Hij zal ze doorlouteren als goud, en als zilver; dan zullen zij den HEERE spijsoffer toebrengen in gerechtigheid. |
| Finnish | Ja hän istuu ja sulattaa ja puhdistaa hopean, hän puhdistaa Leevin pojat, saa ne puhtaiksi kuin kullan ja hopean ja sitten he tuovat Herralle uhrilahjoja vanhurskaudessa. |
| French | Il s`assiéra, fondra et purifiera l`argent; Il purifiera les fils de Lévi, Il les épurera comme on épure l`or et l`argent, Et ils présenteront l`Éternel des offrandes avec justice. |
| German | Er wird sitzen und schmelzen und das Silber reinigen; er wird die Kinder Levi reinigen und läutern wie Gold und Silber. Dann werden sie dem HERRN Speisopfer bringen in Gerechtigkeit, |
| Haitian Creole | La vini tankou moun k'ap fonn fè pou wete kras ki ladan l'. L'ap netwaye pitit pitit Levi yo, l'ap wete tou sa ki pa bon nan yo tankou yo netwaye lò ak ajan, pou yo ka nan kondisyon ankò pou yo prezante ofrann bay Bondye jan yo dwe fè l' la. |
| Hungarian | És ül mint ötvös vagy ezüsttisztogató és megtisztítja Lévi fiait és fényessé teszi õket, mint az aranyat és ezüstöt; és igazsággal visznek ételáldozatot az Úrnak. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Ia datang untuk menghakimi, seperti orang yang membersihkan dan memurnikan perak. Seperti seorang tukang logam memurnikan emas dan perak, begitulah utusan TUHAN akan memurnikan para imam supaya mereka mempersembahkan kurban-kurban dengan cara yang dikehendaki TUHAN. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka Iapun akan duduk menghalusi dan mempersihkan perak dan mempersihkan segala bani Lewi, sambil menjauhkan dari padanya segala sanga seperti dari pada emas dan perak, supaya dapat dipersembahkannya persembahan kepada Tuhan dengan kebenaran. |
| Italian | Sieder per fondere e purificare; purificher i figli di Levi, li affiner come oro e argento, perché possano offrire al Signore un'oblazione secondo giustizia. |
| Korean | 그 가 은 을 연 단 하 여 깨 끗 케 하 " 자 같 이 앉 아 서 위 자 손 을 깨 끗 케 하 되 금, 은 같 이 그 " 을 연 단 하 리 니 그 " 이 의 로 운 물 을 나 여 호 와 께 " 릴 것 이 라 |
| Maori | Ka noho ano ia, ka rite ki te kaitahi para, ki te kaiwhakapai hiriwa, a ka whakapaia e ia nga tama a Riwai, ka whakahemokia to ratou para, ano he koura, he hiriwa: kia tapaea ai e ratou he whakahere ki a Ihowa i runga i te tika. |
| Modern Greek | Και θελει καθησει ως ο χωνευων και καθαριζων το αργυριον, και θελει καθαρισει τους υιους του Λευι και θελει στραγγισει αυτους ως το χρυσιον και το αργυριον, και θελουσι προσφερει εις τον Κυριον προσφοραν εν δικαιοσυνη. |
| Norwegian | Og han skal sitte og smelte og rense sølvet, og han skal rense Levis barn og gjøre dem rene som gull og sølv; og de skal bære frem for Herren offergaver i rettferdighet, |
| Portuguese | assentar-se-á como fundidor e purificador de prata; e purificará os filhos de Levi, e os refinará como ouro e como prata, até que tragam ao Senhor ofertas em justiça. |
| Rumanian | El va wedea, va topi wi va curqyi argintul; va curqyi pe fiii lui Levi, ki va lqmuri cum se lqmurewte aurul wi argintul, wi vor aduce Domnului daruri neprihqnite. |
| Russian | Й УС"ЕФ ЕТЕ МБЧМСФШ Й ПЮЙЭБФШ УЕТЕ'ТП, Й ПЮЙУФЙФ УЩОПЧ мЕЧЙС Й ЕТЕ МБЧЙФ ЙИ, ЛБЛ ЪПМПФП Й ЛБЛ УЕТЕ'ТП, ЮФП'Щ ТЙОПУЙМЙ ЦЕТФЧХ зПУ П"Х Ч ТБЧ"Е. |
| Spanish | Él se sentará para afinar y purificar la plata, porque purificará a los hijos de Leví. Los afinará como a oro y como a plata, y ofrecerán a Jehovah ofrenda en justicia. |
| Swedish | Och han skall sätta sig ned och smälta silvret och rena det; han skall rena Levi söner och luttra dem såsom guld och silver; och sedan skola de frambära åt HERREN offergåvor i rättfärdighet. |
| Thai | ท่านจะนั่งลงอย่างช่างหลอมและช่างถลุงเงิน และท่านจะชำระลูกหลานของเลวีให้บริสุทธิ์ และถลุงเขาอย่างถลุงทองคำและถลุงเงิน เพื่อเขาจะไ"้นำเครื่องบูชาอันชอบธรรมถวายแ"่พระเยโฮวาห์ |
| Ukrainian | І 'ін сяде топити та чистити срібло, і очистить синів Левія, і їх перечистить, як золото й срібло, і будуть для "оспода жертву приносити в правді. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "refiner": refineries, refiners, refinery. (additional references) | |
| |
"Refiner" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Greffier, Rabiner, raffine, raffiner, Ratiner, reainer, refane, refence, Reffin, refixer, refone, refriger, reiner, Reinerio, Reisner, reliner, rifier, Rudinger, Ruffner, trefonnen. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "refiner" (pronounced rufī"ner) |
| 4 | -f ī" n er | finer. |
| 3 | -ī" n er | briner, decliner, designer, diner, liner, miner, minor, recliner, shiner, signer, Weiner, whiner. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: fernier. | |
| Words within the letters "e-e-f-i-n-r-r" | |
-1 letter: ferine, refine, refire. | |
-2 letters: finer, firer, freer, frere, frier, infer, refer, rifer. | |
-3 letters: erne, fere, fern, fine, fire, firn, free, neif, reef, reif, rein, rife. | |
-4 letters: ere, ern, err, fee, fen, fer, fie, fin, fir, ire, nee, ree, ref, rei, rif, rin. | |
-5 letters: ef, en, er, if, in, ne, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-e-f-i-n-r-r" | |
+1 letter: fingerer, inferred, inferrer, refiners, refinery. | |
+2 letters: deferring, ferneries, ferreling, ferreting, fingerers, foreigner, inferrers, interfere, referring, refrained, reinforce. | |
+3 letters: coinferred, ferredoxin, ferrelling, ferretings, forefinger, foreigners, fraternize, freemartin, friendlier, gentrifier, inferrible, interfered, interferer, interferes, interferon, interfiber, preferring, refereeing, refineries, refinisher, refreezing, refreshing, reinforced, reinforcer, reinforces, reinformed, reoffering. | |
+4 letters: counterfire, denitrifier, ferredoxins, ferrimagnet, forefingers, fraternized, fraternizer, fraternizes, freemartins, freethinker, freewriting, gentrifiers, hereinafter, interferers, interfering, interferons, misinferred, overfearing, overrefined, personifier, prefreezing, reconfigure, reconfirmed, reenforcing, referencing, referential, refiltering, refinishers, reflowering, reforesting, refrainment, refrangible, refrigerant, refurnished, refurnishes, reinforcers, reverifying. | |
+5 letters: birefringent, counterfired, counterfires, denitrifiers, effronteries, featherbrain, ferricyanide, ferrimagnets, ferrocyanide, foreordained, forereaching, foreswearing, fraternities, fraternizers, freethinkers, freewritings, frontiersmen, hereinbefore, interference, interfertile, intergrafted, misreference, misreferring, overinformed, personifiers, preferential, profiteering, recentrifuge, recertifying, reconfigured, reconfigures, refrainments, refreshening, refreshingly, refrigerants, retroflexion, thereinafter, ultrarefined, undersheriff, unfriendlier, unreinforced. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)52 65 66 69 6E 65 72 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).-. . ..-. .. -. . .-. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010010 01100101 01100110 01101001 01101110 01100101 01110010 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)R e f i n e r |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0052 0065 0066 0069 006E 0065 0072 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)52717275807184 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Quotations: Non-fiction 4. Usage Frequency | 5. Expressions: Internet 6. Translations: Modern 7. Bible Trace 8. Derivations | 9. Rhymes 10. Anagrams 11. Orthography 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
