Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Punjabi |
PunjabiNoun1. A member of the majority people of Punjab in northwestern India. 2. The Indic language spoken by most people in Punjab in northwestern India. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Punjabi" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1888. (references) |
Synonym: PunjabiSynonym: Panjabi (n). (additional references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Punjabi (sometimes spelled Panjabi) is the native language of the Punjab and the most common first-language in Pakistan, spoken as a first language by 30 to 40 million people. See Demographics of Pakistan for a breakdown of language groups by population.
However, it is not an official language of Pakistan, and is not officially used in education; Urdu, Sindhi and English are Pakistan's official languages. It is primarily spoken, not written, and most education and official business is conducted in Urdu. This has led to much resentment from Punjabi speakers, who form the largest single first-language group in Pakistan. Modern Punjabi is a living language that has borrowed extensively from other languages, including Urdu and English.
There are several different scripts used for writing the Punjabi language, depending on the region and the dialect spoken: one uses the Arabic alphabet, the others use the Gurmukhi and Devanagari scripts.
Punjabi has developed in the way English has. As English became exported from Britain to America etc., American English , etc. were born. These developed their own words and spellings. The same is happening in Punjabi. It has taken most of its modern words from English and Urdu and Hindi. However everyday Punjabi Immigrants come across new countries, such as Spain and Holland. Some words have been adapted from these languages and especially Spanish has similar style to Punjabi, making it more logical and suitable to use to adapt words for animals that do not exist in the Punjab to define them and name them, a role used mainly by English until now. Some people are creating projects around the Diaspora Punjabi that is emerging. But there is no universal consent amongst Punjabis over spellings. Diaspora Punjabi will in the next century become like American English, with its own unique twists compared to that spoken alone in the Punjab. (See Diaspora Punjabi below)
Punjabi is derived from Sanskrit and is therefore Indo-European. Many sources subdivide the Punjabi language further, into Western Punjabi and Eastern Punjabi.
See also: Demographics of India for a list of the official languages of India.
External links
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Punjabi language."
Crosswords: Punjabi |
| Non-English Usage: "Punjabi" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Portuguese (panjabi), Swedish (Punjabi). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Jatt Punjabi (1979) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Pakistan | Urdu, Punjabi, Pushtu, and Baloch are Indo-European languages; Brahui is believed to have Dravidian (pre-Indo-European) origins. (references) |
Pakistan | Although the official language of Pakistan is Urdu, it is spoken as a first language by only 9% of the population; 65% speak Punjabi, 11% Sindhi, and 24% speak other languages (Pushtu, Saraiki, Baloch, Brahui). (references) | |
Pakistan | Languages: Urdu (national and official), English, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushtu, Baloch. (references) | |
Human Rights | Pakistan | The HRCP claimed that the Lahore district jail, built to house 1,045 prisoners, contains 3,200. In July 1999, the Punjab Home Department admitted before the Lahore High Court that more than 50,000 prisoners were held in Punjabi jails meant for 17,271. In the NWFP, 21 prisons with a total capacity of 7,397 prisoners housed 10,194 persons, including 485 children. (references) |
Pakistan | Punjabi police killed Tahir Prince in February 1999; after his mother filed a writ, the Lahore High Court ordered a case registered against two police officers, one of whom was dismissed midyear on charges of corruption. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Punjabi" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 69.44% of the time. "Punjabi" is used about 36 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 69.44% | 25 | 69,787 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 25% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Noun (plural) | 2.78% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.78% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 36 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Punjabi": punjabi-born, punjabi-speaking. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
mc punjabi | 743 | new punjabi song | 28 |
punjabi | 598 | punjabi recipe | 27 |
punjabi song | 488 | lyrics punjabi song | 27 |
punjabi music | 189 | punjabi matrimonial | 25 |
punjabi mp3 | 107 | punjabi sex | 25 |
lyrics mc punjabi | 99 | punjabi chat | 25 |
news punjabi | 72 | jay punjabi z | 24 |
lyrics punjabi | 56 | dj punjabi | 23 |
punjabi radio | 52 | poetry punjabi | 23 |
joke punjabi | 47 | album punjabi | 23 |
download punjabi song | 47 | patiala punjabi university | 21 |
jay mc punjabi z | 45 | punjabi language | 20 |
punjabi university | 40 | punjabi baby name | 19 |
punjabi singer | 40 | punjabi bhangra | 18 |
punjabi girl | 39 | punjabi ringtone | 17 |
punjabi suit | 33 | punjabi tiger | 17 |
name punjabi | 32 | mc mp3 punjabi | 17 |
online punjabi tiger | 30 | punjabi dictionary | 16 |
newspaper punjabi | 29 | mp3 punjabi song | 15 |
punjabi font | 29 | download music punjabi | 15 |
punjabi wedding | 15 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Punjabi"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | Пенджабски, Пенджаб. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Pandschabi, Pandschab-. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | Pandzsábi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | unjabipay natural do punjab, habitante do punjab. (various references) Панджабский, Панджабец. (various references) pendžabljanin. (various references) Punjabi. (various references) Pencaplı, Pencap Dili, Pencap (Punjab). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Misspellings | |
"Punjabi" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Panaji, Panjab, Poojari, Pujari, Pungavie. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-i-j-n-p-u" | |
-2 letters: nubia. | |
-3 letters: bani, jaup, juba, nipa, pain, pian, pina, puja, puna, unai. | |
-4 letters: ain, ani, ban, bap, bin, bun, jab, jib, jin, jun, nab, nap, nib, nip, nub, pan, pia, pin, piu, pub, pun. | |
-5 letters: ab, ai, an, ba, bi, in, na, nu, pa, pi, un, up. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Quotations: Non-fiction 7. Usage Frequency 8. Expressions | 9. Expressions: Internet 10. Translations: Modern 11. Derivations 12. Anagrams | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
