Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: PHENOMENA |
PHENOMENAPlural1. Of Phenomenon |
Date "PHENOMENA" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Tips from 1870 | Usage: Phenomena, Effluvia. "A strange phenomena," "A disagreeable effluvia" are incorrect forms not infrequently met with. Both words are plural, and require plural verbs and also the omission of the article a. Source: Slips of Speech. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A phenomenon (plural "phenomena") is an observable event, especially something special.
Kant's use of phenomenon
Phenomenon has a specialized meaning in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant who opposed the term 'Phenomenon' to 'Noumenon'. Phenomena constitute the world as we experience it, as opposed to the world as it exists independently of our experiences (thing-in-themselves, 'das ding an sich'). Humans cannot, according to Kant, know things-in-themselves, only things as we experience them. Thus philosophy should concern itself with understanding the process of experience itself.
The concept of 'Phenomena' led to a tradition of philosophy known as Phenomenology. Leading figures in this tradition include Hegel, Husserl, Heidegger and Derrida.
Kant's account of phenomena has also been understood as influential in the development of psychodynamic models of Psychology, and of theories concerning the ways in which the brain, mind and external world interact.
Phenomenon in the general sense
In general, apart from its specialized use as a term in philosophy, phenomenon stands for any observable event. Phenomena make up the raw data of science. Phenomena are often exploited by technology.
It is possible to list the phenomena which are relevant to almost any field of endeavor, for example, in the case of optics and light one can list observable phenomena under the topic optical phenomenon.
The possibilities are many, for example:
Some observable events are commonplace, some require delicate manipulation of expensive and sensitive equipment. Some are significant experiments which led to groundbreaking discoveries.
- Biological phenomenon (biology)
- Chemical phenomenon (chemistry)
- Electrical phenomenon (electricity)
- Geological phenomenon (geology)
- Hydrological phenomenon (hydrology)
- Meteorological phenomenon (weather)
- Optical phenomenon (optics)
- Physical phenomenon (physics)
- Statistical phenomena (statistics)
- Thermal phenomenon (thermodynamics)
There is a class of phenomena which lie outside generally accepted knowledge which knowledgeable scientists tend to discount. They are collected and discussed under the topic anomalous phenomenon
Quotes
- "no phenomenon is a phenomenon until it is an observed phenomenon" Niels Bohr.
- "Scientific theory is a contrived foothold in the chaos of living phenomena." - Wilhelm Reich
Phenomenon is a name of an album by a rock band called UFO.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Phenomenon."
Crosswords: PHENOMENA |
| English words defined with "PHENOMENA": Erratic phenomena ♦ psychic phenomena. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "PHENOMENA": Biological Phenomena ♦ transient phenomena. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "PHENOMENA": Tellurism. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | There are no enemies in science, only phenomena to be studied (The Thing From Another World; writing credit: George A. Romero; John A. Russo) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Phenomena (1965) The Psychic Phenomena (1916) Phenomena (1985) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Comet P/Halley as taken March 8, 1986 by W. Liller, Easter Island, part of the International Halley Watch (IHW) Large Scale Phenomena Network. Credit: NASA. |  | Photographer takes self-portrait in South Pole marker Atmosheric phenomena provide halo for observer. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Figure 2. A model of the vessel and equipment used by the French physiologist Paul Regnard for studies of light penetration in the water and its effects on chemical and biological phenomena. In 1889 and 1890, he performed several studies aboard a tartane, a small local fishing and trading vessel. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Graphic of phenomena measured by TIROS II infrared sensors. Credit: NOAA in Space. |
 | Diagrams of optical phenomena, including the rainbow, the double Icelandic spar, and prism refraction. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Climate change 3" by Lorena Molinari Commentary: "Strange clouds phenomena after a very strange summer in europe." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Roger Bacon | He therefore who wishes to rejoice without doubt in regard to the truths underlying phenomena must know how to devote himself to experiment. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Phenomena are perpetually folded back upon themselves |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | How peaceful the phenomena of the lake |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Better understanding of the reasons for each of these phenomena is needed. (references) | |
Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. (references) | ||
Study of the distribution of these phenomena in populations, linking them to clinical outcomes, is lacking. (references) | ||
Business | Both phenomena are explained below. (references) | |
This phenomena is similar to trends in Germany, with the only difference being income level between Germans and Czechs. (references) | ||
While none of these phenomena have revolutionized the Canadian market, they have encouraged existing suppliers to expand or modify their product lines, and they have created opportunities for new suppliers to expand into the Canadian market. (references) | ||
Economic History | Japan | Shintoism is founded on myths and legends emanating from the early animistic worship of natural phenomena. (references) |
Burkina Faso | Female genital mutilation, child labor, child trafficking, and social exclusion of accused sorcerers remain serious problems, although the government has taken steps in recent years to combat these phenomena. (references) | |
Peru | The textile and apparel industry in Peru has grown by 10 percent from 1994 with the exception of 1998 (the year of the El Nino phenomena). (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | ELECTRICITY, n. The power that causes all natural phenomena not known to be caused by something else. It is the same thing as lightning, and its famous attempt to strike Dr. Franklin is one of the most picturesque incidents in that great and good man's career. The memory of Dr. Franklin is justly held in great reverence, particularly in France, where a waxen effigy of him was recently on exhibition, bearing the following touching account of his life and services to science: "Monsieur Franqulin, inventor of electricity. This illustrious savant, after having made several voyages around the world, died on the Sandwich Islands and was devoured by savages, of whom not a single fragment was ever recovered." Electricity seems destined to play a most important part in the arts and industries. The question of its economical application to some purposes is still unsettled, but experiment has already proved that it will propel a street car better than a gas jet and give more light than a horse. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "PHENOMENA" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 99.93% of the time. "PHENOMENA" is used about 1,358 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 99.93% | 1,357 | 5,865 |
| Lexical Verb (-s form) | 0.07% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,358 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "PHENOMENA": Biochemical Phenomena ♦ Biological Phenomena ♦ Chemical and Pharmacologic Phenomena ♦ collective phenomena ♦ cooperative phenomena ♦ Erratic phenomena ♦ karstic phenomena ♦ map of phenomena ♦ Microbiologic Phenomena ♦ natural phenomena ♦ psychic phenomena ♦ Psychological Phenomena and Processes ♦ recurrence phenomena ♦ transient phenomena. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "PHENOMENA": phenomena-hypnotism. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "PHENOMENA"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | dukuritë e natyrës (natural phenomena). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | субективни явления, явления, феномени. (various references) | |
Chinese | 现象 (Phenomenal, Phenomenon). (various references) | |
Czech | úkaz (phenomenon). (various references) | |
Danish | Prosenc's fænomen (Prosenc phenomena), kollektive fænomener (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), dødstegn (post-mortem phenomena, signs of death), den nedre straekgraense er den laveste spaending i flydeomraa det, idet der ses bort fra indsvingningsforloebet (ignoring transitory phenomena, the lower yield point or lower limit of elasticity is the smallest unit stress during plastic deformation), disse tre processer:restitution,polygonisering og rekrystallisation er ofter svaere at skille fra hverandre,fordi deres temperaturomraader overlapper delvist (as their respective temperature ranges partly overlap, polygonization and recrystallization are often difficult to differentiate, these three phenomena of reCovery), dissipationsfaenomener (dissipation phenomena), flash-back (flash-back phenomena, flash-backs, recurrence phenomena), flervejsudbredelses-faenomener (multipath phenomena), for at anskueliggoere aandedraetsorganets virkemaade kan man enten simulere den oejeblikkelige aflejring af stoev i lungen, eller langtidsaflejringen, under hensyntagen til lungens evne til selvrensning (in order to reproduce the functioning of the bronchopulmonary system either by simulating lung retention at a given moment or by simulating cumulative retention, while taking into account pulmonary clearance phenomena), aftertrip (flash-back phenomena, flash-backs, recurrence phenomena), kohaerensfaenomener (coherence phenomena), unddragelsessymptomer (withdrawal phenomena), kollektive faenomener (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), mangelsymptomer (withdrawal phenomena), ofte bemaerker man,isaer ved de store smedeblokke,lagfoelger af ligeaksede korn af forskellige stoerrelser,der minder om sedimentationsfaenomener (is a series of superimposed zones of equiaxed crystallization of different sizes, particularly in large forging ingots, reminiscent of sedimentation phenomena), overgangsfaenomener (transient phenomena), raekkevidden af de elektromagnetiske boelger indskraenkes betydeligt ved daempning og reflektion (damping and reflection phenomena underground considerably impede the range of electromagnetic waves), udfaldsfænomener (phenomena of deficiency, symptoms of defunctionalization), udskylning (douching), fremkomsten af symptomer, der ligner dem, der frembringes ved en muskarin eller nikotin virkning (the appearance of phenomena similar to those produced by muscarinic and nicotinic effect). (various references) | |
Dutch | het optreden van verschijnselen die lijken op de muscarinewerking en de nicotinewerking (the appearance of phenomena similar to those produced by muscarinic and nicotinic effect), collectieve verschijnselen (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), de grote oceaanstromen,de wisselende of draaiende getijstromen,de door de wind veroorzaakte oppervlaktestromen en de kuststromen zijn blijvende verschijnselen (and coastal currents are permanent-type phenomena, reversing or rotating, surface currents due to the wind, the large ocean currents, tidal streams(U.S.tidal currents), whether alternating), de onderste vloeigrens is de laagste spanning tijdens het vloeien, waarbij overgangsverschijnselen worden verwaarloosd (ignoring transitory phenomena, the lower yield point or lower limit of elasticity is the smallest unit stress during plastic deformation), defecten (phenomena of deficiency, symptoms of defunctionalization), deze drie processen,herstel,polygonisatie en rekristallisatie,zijn vaak moeilijk van elkaar te onderscheiden omdat de temperatuurgebieden waarin zij optreden elkaar gedeeltelijk overlappen (as their respective temperature ranges partly overlap, polygonization and recrystallization are often difficult to differentiate, these three phenomena of reCovery), dissipatieverschijnselen (dissipation phenomena), drempelfenomeen (threshold phenomena), flash-backs (flash-back phenomena, flash-backs, recurrence phenomena), coherentieverschijnselen (coherence phenomena), het bereik van de elektromagnetische golven wordt in hoge mate beperkt door demping en terugkaatsing (damping and reflection phenomena underground considerably impede the range of electromagnetic waves), uitvalverschijnselen (phenomena of deficiency, symptoms of defunctionalization), karstverschijnselen (karstic phenomena), met betrekking tot elektrische verschijnselen in levend weef sel (electrophysiological, involving study of electrical phenomena in living bodies), microgolfverschijnselen (microwave phenomena), multipad-fenomenen (multipath phenomena), om de werking van het ademhalingssysteem na te gaan kan men of het direct stofbindende vermogen van de long nabootsen ofwel de eindfase, rekening houdend met de stofbindende eigenschappen van de long (in order to reproduce the functioning of the bronchopulmonary system either by simulating lung retention at a given moment or by simulating cumulative retention, while taking into account pulmonary clearance phenomena), ontbindingsverschijnsel (disintegration phenomena), onthoudingsverschijnselen (withdrawal phenomena), overgangsverschijnselen (transient phenomena), speciaal bij grote smeedblokken ziet men vaak een opeenstapeling van korrelige kristallisatiezones van verschillende fijnheid;zij herinneren aan sedimentatieverschijnselen (is a series of superimposed zones of equiaxed crystallization of different sizes, particularly in large forging ingots, reminiscent of sedimentation phenomena), gebrekverschijnselen (phenomena of deficiency, symptoms of defunctionalization). (various references) | |
Finnish | transientti-ilmiö (transient phenomena), siirtymäilmiö (transient phenomena), muutosilmiö (transient, transient phenomena), kollektiiviset ilmiöt (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), koherenssi-ilmiöt (coherence phenomena), häviölliset ilmiöt (dissipation phenomena), dissipaatioilmiöt (dissipation phenomena). (various references) | |
French | phénomène de récurrence (flash-back phenomena, recurrence phenomena), phénomène de Prosenc (Prosenc phenomena), phénomènes collectifs (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), phénomènes coopératifs (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), phénomènes déficitaires (phenomena of deficiency), phénomènes de carence (phenomena of deficiency), phénomènes de cohérence (coherence phenomena), phénomènes de dissipation (dissipation phenomena), phénomènes de manque (withdrawal phenomena), phénomènes de propagation par trajets multiples (multipath phenomena), phénomènes de seuil (threshold phenomena), phénomènes différés (delayed phenomena), phénomènes karstiques (karstic phenomena), phénomènes transitoires (transient phenomena), phénomène de désagrégation (disintegration phenomena), phénomènes de privation (withdrawal phenomena), bruit d'origine galactique (a radio noise caused by natural phenomena outside the earth's atmosphere), en vue de reproduire le fonctionnement de l'arbre broncho-pulmonaire, on peut soit simuler la rétention instantanée du poumon, soit simuler sa rétention finale en tenant compte des phénomènes d'épuration (while taking into account pulmonary clearance phenomena), ces trois phénomènes: restauration, polygonisation, recristallisation, sont souvent difficiles à distinguer car leurs domaines de température se recouvrent partiellement (these three phenomena of reCovery), carte géomorphologique (map of phenomena), flash backs (flash-back phenomena, recurrence phenomena), bruit galactique (a radio noise caused by natural phenomena outside the earth's atmosphere), on observe souvent surtout dans les gros lingots de forge des zones de cristallisation équiaxes de finesses différentes superposées, qui rappellent les phénomènes de sédimentation (reminiscent of sedimentation phenomena), apparition de phénomènes similaires à ceux produits par l'effet muscarinique et l'effet nicotinique (the appearance of phenomena similar to those produced by muscarinic and nicotinic effect), carte des phénomènes (map of phenomena), la limite inférieure d'écoulement ou limite inférieure d'élasticité est la plus faible valeur de la charge unitaire pendant l'écoulement plastique en négligeant les phénomènes transitoires (ignoring transitory phenomena), la portée des ondes électromagnétiques est considérablement réduite par amortissement et par réflexion (damping and reflection phenomena underground considerably impede the range of electromagnetic waves), nébulosité (cloud phenomena), ondes cosmiques (a radio noise caused by natural phenomena outside the earth's atmosphere), écho (flash-back phenomena, recurrence phenomena), signes de la mort (post-mortem phenomena), symptomes de carence (phenomena of deficiency), retraits (creep phenomena), les grands courants océaniques,les courants de marée,alternés,renversants ou tournants,les courants de surface due qu vent,les courants côtiers,sont des phénomènes de type permanent (and coastal currents are permanent-type phenomena). (various references) | |
German | Phänomene, Naturereignisse. (various references) | |
Greek | πρωτοφανήσ (unprecedented), φαινόμενα. (various references) | |
Hungarian | jelenség (occurrence, phenomenon, shape, symptom). (various references) | |
Italian | per riprodurre il funzionamento delle vie bronco-polmonari si puo' o imitare la ritenzione alveolare istantanea del polmone o simulare la sua ritenzione flnale, tenendo conto dei fenomeni di epurazione (in order to reproduce the functioning of the bronchopulmonary system either by simulating lung retention at a given moment or by simulating cumulative retention, while taking into account pulmonary clearance phenomena), fenomeno di disgregazione (disintegration phenomena), carta geomorfologica (geomorphological map, map of phenomena, surficial features map), fenomeni carsici (karstic phenomena), fenomeni collettivi (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), fenomeni cooperativi (collective phenomena, cooperative phenomena), fenomeni di astinenza (withdrawal phenomena), fenomeni di cammino multiplo (multipath phenomena), fenomeni di coerenza (coherence phenomena), fenomeni di privazione (withdrawal phenomena), fenomeni di soglia (threshold phenomena), fenomeni differiti (delayed phenomena), carta dei fenomeni (geomorphological map, map of phenomena, surficial features map), fenomeni transitori (transient phenomena), Spesso si osserva, specialmente nei grossi lingotti da fucinatura, una sovrapposizione di zone a cristallizzazione granulare di finezza differente, che ricorda fenomeni di sedimentazione (a commonly observed feature, is a series of superimposed zones of equiaxed crystallization of different sizes, particularly in large forging ingots, reminiscent of sedimentation phenomena), flash-backs (flash-back phenomena, flash-backs, recurrence phenomena), il carico unitario di snervamento inferiore e' il piu' basso valore del carico durante la deformazione plastica, trascurando i fenomeni transitori (ignoring transitory phenomena, the lower yield point or lower limit of elasticity is the smallest unit stress during plastic deformation), insorgono fenomeni simili a quelli prodotti dall'effetto muscarinico e dall'effetto nicotinico (the appearance of phenomena similar to those produced by muscarinic and nicotinic effect), la portata delle onde elettromagnetiche è considerevolmente ridotta per smorzamento e per riflessione (damping and reflection phenomena underground considerably impede the range of electromagnetic waves), le grandi correnti oceaniche,le correnti dovute all'alternarsi delle maree,le correnti di superficie dovute al vento,le correnti costiere sono fenomeni di tipo permanente (and coastal currents are permanent-type phenomena, reversing or rotating, surface currents due to the wind, the large ocean currents, tidal streams(U.S.tidal currents), whether alternating), manifestazioni carenziali (phenomena of deficiency, symptoms of defunctionalization), Questi tre fenomeni - ricupero, poligonalizzazione e ricristallizzazione-sono spesso difficili da distinguere perché i loro campi di temperatura in parte si sovrappongono (as their respective temperature ranges partly overlap, polygonization and recrystallization are often difficult to differentiate, these three phenomena of reCovery), rumore galattico (a radio noise caused by natural phenomena outside the earth's atmosphere, cosmic noise, extraterrestrial noise, galactic noise), signa mortis (post-mortem phenomena, signs of death), fenomeni dissipativi (dissipation phenomena). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 自然現象 (natural phenomena), 諸行 (all practices other than recitation of the nembutsu prayer, all worldly phenomena, meritorious acts leading to enlightenment), 天象 (astronomical phenomena, weather), 天遍 (natural calamity, striking phenomena in heaven and earth), 天変 (natural calamity, striking phenomena in heaven and earth). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しぜんげんしょう (natural phenomena), しょぎょう (act, all practices other than recitation of the nembutsu prayer, all worldly phenomena, deed, meritorious acts leading to enlightenment), てんぺん (change, mutation, natural calamity, striking phenomena in heaven and earth, vicissitude), てんしょう (astronomical phenomena, reincarnation, transmigration of souls, weather). (various references) | |
Korean | 현상 (Phenomenon). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | enomenaphay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | fenómenos. (various references) | |
Russian | явление (epiphany). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | pojave, fenomeni. (various references) | |
Spanish | pl. de phenomenon. (various references) | |
Swedish | fenomenen. (various references) | |
Turkish | fenomenler, doğal olaylar, algılanabilen olgular. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "PHENOMENA": phenomenal, phenomenalism, phenomenalisms, phenomenalist, phenomenalistic, phenomenalistically, phenomenalists, phenomenally, phenomenas. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "PHENOMENA": epiphenomena, superphenomena. (additional references) | |
Words containing "PHENOMENA": epiphenomenal, epiphenomenalism, epiphenomenalisms, epiphenomenally. (additional references) | |
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"PHENOMENA" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: fenomena, Filomena, phenformin, phenogeny, phenomema, phenomen, phenomenan, phenomene, phenomenea, phenomeno, phenomenom, phenomens, phenomenum, phenomina, phenomona, phenonema, Philomene. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "PHENOMENA" (pronounced funÄ"munu) |
| 4 | -m u n u | alumina, lamina, lumina, rumina, stamina. |
| 3 | -u n u | retina. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-h-m-n-n-o-p" | |
-2 letters: anemone, nonheme, penname, phoneme. | |
-3 letters: hempen, peahen, penman, penmen, pennae, phenom. | |
-4 letters: enema, henna, honan, mahoe, nomen, paeon, panne, penna, penne, phone. | |
-5 letters: aeon, ahem, amen, anon, epha, haem, haen, hame, heap, heme, hemp, home, hone, hope, mane, mano, mean, meno, moan, mope, name, nape, neap, neem, neep, nema, nene, neon, noma, nome, nona. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-h-m-n-n-o-p" | |
+1 letter: phenomenal, phenomenas. | |
+3 letters: epiphenomena, hymenopteran, phenomenally, phentolamine. | |
+4 letters: acetaminophen, epiphenomenal, hymenopterans, mesencephalon, metencephalon, phenomenalism, phenomenalist, phentolamines. | |
+5 letters: acetaminophens, metencephalons, myelencephalon, phenomenalisms, phenomenalists, superphenomena. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
