Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definitions: Penitentiary |
PenitentiaryAdjective1. Used for punishment or reform of criminals or wrongdoers; "penitentiary institutions". Noun1. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "penitentiary" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1842. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of a penitentiary, denotes you will have engagements which will, unfortunately, result in your loss. To be an inmate of one, foretells discontent in the home and failing business. To escape from one, you will overcome difficult obstacles. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonym: PenitentiarySynonym: pen (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Clergy | Pope, Papa, pontiff, high priest, cardinal; ancient flamen, flamen; confessor, penitentiary; spiritual director. |
Penitence | Penitential, penitentiary; reclaimed, reborn; not hardened; unhardened. |
Prison | Noun: prison, prison house; jail, gaol, cage, coop, den, cell; stronghold, fortress, keep, donjon, dungeon, Bastille, oubliette, bridewell, house of correction, hulks, tollbooth, panopticon, penitentiary, guardroom, lockup, hold; round house, watch house, station house, sponging house; station; house of detention, black hole, pen, fold, pound; inclosure; isolation (exclusion); penal settlement, penal colony; bilboes, stocks, limbo, quod; calaboose, chauki, choky, thana; workhouse. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Penitentiary |
| English words defined with "penitentiary": Penitentiaries, Penitentiaryship ♦ state prison. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "penitentiary": DEPUTY SHERIFF, GRAND JURY, deputy, grand jury ♦ justice-court judge ♦ Penitentiary, police judge ♦ Repenter Curls ♦ St. Thomas's Castle. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "penitentiary": Penitentiaryship. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | This is a hospital Mr. Clifford, not a penitentiary, everything obtaining to one of our patients is recorded in that patient's folder, weather you can make sense of it, or not! (When a Stranger Calls; writing credit: Steve Feke; Fred Walton) | |
Lyrics | And who'ed think in elementary, heeeey i'd see tha penitentiary (Dear Mama; performing artist: 2Pac) Down in the shadow of the penitentiary (BORN IN THE U.S.A.; performing artist: Bruce Springsteen) | |
Movie/TV Titles | State Penitentiary (1950) The Penitentiary (1938) Penitentiary (1938) Life in a Western Penitentiary (1914) Red Desert Penitentiary (1985) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Views of the Rebel capital and its environs. Penitentiary / Levy & Cohen.Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Illinois State Penitentiary, Joliet.Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Penitentiary, Columbus, O[hio].Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | State penitentiary. Jefferson City, Missouri.Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Change of guard at Missouri state penitentiary. Jefferson City, Missouri.Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Mrs. Evelyn Hauser, Red Corss nurse, prepares a volunteer blood donor at San Quentin for his donation. During the Red Cross mobile unit's visit to the penitentiary, 150 prisoners gave blood and more than twice that number volunteered but were unable to gi.Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Red Cross nurse Florence Aldrich readies a San Quentin prisoner for his blood donation during one of the Red Cross mobile unit's visits to the penitentiary.Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Warden Clinton T. Duffy of the San Quentin penitentiary talks with two men who are resting for a few minutes after giving blood to the Red Cross blood bank.Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | One of many similar signs strung along the fence enclosing San Quentin penitentiary grounds.Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Minn. state penitentiary.Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
William T. Sherman | If I was forced to choose between the penitentiary and White House for four years, I would say the penitentiary, thank you. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | So far, it was nothing more than a penitentiary matter. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Civil Liberties | Panama | On May 16, the judge of the 10th Criminal Court accepted Bernal's right to appeal based on Bernal's position that at the time of the incident Sosa was not a guard at the penitentiary on Coiba Island, and therefore could not bring charges. (references) |
Economic History | The Holy See | The Apostolic Penitentiary deals with matters of conscience; the Roman Rota is responsible for appeals, including annulments of marriage; and the Apostolic Signatura is the final court of appeal. (references) |
Costa Rica | However, the government expects to use the law in upcoming concession contracts for the national railroad, two Pacific ports, a new road to those ports from San Jose, and a new penitentiary facility. (references) | |
Human Rights | Cameroon | In April 2000, the Minister of Territorial Administration and the Secretary of State for Territorial Administration in charge of penitentiary administration visited Douala and Yaounde prisons. (references) |
Cameroon | In the north, the Government permits traditional Lamibe (chiefs) to detain persons outside the government penitentiary system, in effect in "private prisons." The places of detention in the palaces of the traditional chiefs of Rey Bouba, Gashiga, Bibemi, and Tcheboa have the reputation of seriously mistreating their inmates. (references) | |
Brazil | In January a convicted drug trafficker was hanged in his cell at the maximum-security Bangu penitentiary, in a manner that the authorities stated ruled out suicide. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Cameroon | The law provides for the protection of workers engaged in legal strikes and prohibits retribution against them; however, these provisions of the law do not apply to civil servants, employees of the penitentiary system, or workers responsible for national security. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | The building of the penitentiary has been commenced, and is in such a degree of forwardness as to promise that it will be completed before the meeting of the next Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Penitentiary" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 76.19% of the time. "Penitentiary" is used about 21 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 76.19% | 16 | 87,710 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 23.81% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Total | 100.00% | 21 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "penitentiary": penitentiary offense ♦ penitentiary system. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "penitentiary": penitentiary-like. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "penitentiary"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | pendimi (penitential), pendese (penitential), ndëshkimor (disciplinary, penal, punitive, vindictive), i dënueshëm me ligj, disiplinor (disciplinary), burg (cage, calaboose, can, choky, clink, gaol, jail, limbo, lockup, mill, Nick, pen, poky, prison, prison house, quod, stir). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | متابة, مجمع التوبة الرسولي, تكفيري, سجن (be imprisoned, can, clap, clink, confine, cooler, detain, detention, gaol, hatch, hock, immure, imprison, imprisonment, incarcerate, incarceration, intern, internment, jail, jug, lock up, lockup, log cabin, mure, nick, pokey, prison, quod, send up, stir, throw), الكاهن المكلف, إصلاحية (community home, reformatory), إصلاحي (corrective, reformative, reformist). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | наказуем със затвор, затвор (bastille, bondage, calaboose, can, choky, clink, confinement, duress, gaol, hold, jail, jug, kitty, limbo, lock, lockup, mew, pen, pokey, pound, prison, prison house, quod, shop, shut off, shutter, shuttle, stockade, stopper), папски трибунал, изправителен дом (bridewell, pen, workhouse), изправителен (amendatory, reformative). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | polepšovna (industrial school, reformatory), káznice (workhouse). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation (International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation), International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (> IPPF)). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | ندامتی , ندامتگاه , دارالتادیب (Reformatory), بازداشتگاه یازندان مجرمین . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | kuritushuone (convict prison, imprisonment penitentiary, prison for convicts sentenced to solitary confinement and hard labour). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | prison, pénitentiaire, pénitencier, pénitencerie, maison centrale. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | zuchthaus (penal servitude, prison, prison for convicts sentenced to solitary confinement and hard labour, sentence of penal servitude). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | σωφρονιστήριο (reformatory). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | כלא (confinement, jail, prison), בית כלא (jail, prison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | börtön (can, cells, confine, coop, gaol, hold, hoosegow, jail, jailhouse, jug, limbo, lockup, prison, prison house, quad, quod, stir, stockade), javítóintézet (detention home, house of correction, reformatory), gyónató, fegyház (big house, gaol, jail, zoo), büntető (penal, penalty, punitive). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | penitenziario (penal establishment, penal institution, prison), carcere (can, gaol, jail, oubliette, prison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 刑務所 (prison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | けいむしょ (prison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | pryssoon (brig, gaol, glasshouse, jail, lock up, prison). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | enitentiarypay penitenciário, penitenciária (zoo), sagrada penitenciária, relativo a penitência, reformatório penal, cardeal penitenciário, cadeia (cage, calaboose, cascade, catena, chain, choky, clink, cufflink, ewer, fetter, gaol, jail, jug, network, orlop, pokey, prison, prison house, quad, quod, shackle, stockade, ward, warp). (various references) penitenciar, tribunal papal, de penitenciar, de corecţie (penitent), casã de corecţie (bridewell, reformative, reformatory, workhouse). (various references) каторжная тюрьма. (various references) pokajnički (penitential, remorseful, repentant), kazneni zatvor, kazneni (penal, punitive, retributive, vindicatory), kažnjenički. (various references) penitenciaría. (various references) fängelse (bagnio, calaboose, can, clink, gaol, hold, imprisonment, jail, jailhouse, jug, limbo, Nick, pen, prison, prison house). (various references) pişmanlığa ait, suçluları ıslah etme ile ilgili, kilise mahkemesi başkanı rahip, hapishane (bull pen, cage, can, choky, clink, cooler, coop, gaol, institution, jail, Nick, pen, penal institution, pound, prison, quod, roundhouse, shop, stir, stockade, tank, ward), cezaevi (calaboose, jail, penal institution, prison, quod, roundhouse, stockade), ıslahevi (approved school, bridewell, detention center, detention home, house of correction, reformatory, workhouse). (various references) в'язниця (bandhouse, cage, calaboose, can, choky, clink, dump, gaol, jail, limbo, pound, prison, quod, slammer, ward), виправний будинок, виправний (correctional, corrective, corrigible, curative, redeemable, reformative, reformatory, remedial), пенітенціарій, пенітенціарний. (various references) trại cải tạo (bridewell, reform school, reformatory). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | ergastula, ergastulo. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Penitentiary" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: penetentiary, penitantiary, penitentary, penitentuary, penitetiary. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "penitentiary" (pronounced pe'nute"nkherē) |
| 5 | -e" n kh er ē | century. |
| 3 | -kh er ē | archery, butchery, debauchery, hatchery, treachery. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-i-i-n-n-p-r-t-t-y" | |
-2 letters: antipyrine, tripinnate. | |
-3 letters: entertain, inpatient, itinerant, itinerate, paternity, patienter, penetrant, pertinent, repentant. | |
-4 letters: antetype, antitype, aperient, entirety, entreaty, eternity, inertiae, intertie, intranet, paintier, penitent, renitent, retinite, tenantry, triennia, triptane. | |
-5 letters: arenite, ariette, entrain, entrant, entreat, inanity, inertia, interne, intrant, intreat, iterant, iterate, nattier, nettier, niterie, nitrate, nitrite, nittier, painter, pannier, partite, patient, pattern, peatier. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-i-i-n-n-p-r-t-t-y" | |
+3 letters: plenipotentiary. | |
+4 letters: antihypertensive, hyperventilating, hyperventilation. | |
+5 letters: antihypertensives, hyperalimentation, hyperpigmentation, hyperventilations, intraperitoneally. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)50 65 6E 69 74 65 6E 74 69 61 72 79 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).--. . -. .. - . -. - .. .- .-. -.--. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010000 01100101 01101110 01101001 01110100 01100101 01101110 01110100 01101001 01100001 01110010 01111001 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)P e n i t e n t i a r y |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0050 0065 006E 0069 0074 0065 006E 0074 0069 0061 0072 0079 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)507180758671808675678491 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Orthography | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.