Particle

Definitions: Particle

Particle

Noun

1. (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything.

2. A body having finite mass and internal structure but negligible dimensions.

3. A function word having different uses in different languages.

Date "particle" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references)

Etymology: Particle \Par"ti*cle\, noun. [Latin expression particula, dim of pars, gen partis, part: compare to the French expression particule. See Part, and compare to Parcel.]. (Websters 1913)

Specialty Definitions: Particle

Domain	Definitions
Aerospace	1. An elementary subatomic particle such as proton, electron, neutron, etc. 2. A very small piece of matter.3. In celestial mechanics, a hypothetical entity which responds to gravitational forces but which exerts no appreciable gravitational force on other bodies, thus simplifying orbital computations. (references)
Building & Civil Engineering	Wood which has been deliberately reduced to small pieces from wood in the rough or from industrial residues, suitable for pulping, for particle board and fibreboard production, for fuel wood or for other purposes. Source: European Union. (references)
Health	A tiny mass of material. (references)
Mining	A general term, used without restriction as to shape, composition, or internal structure, for a separable or distinct unit in a rock; e.g., a sediment particle, such as a fragment or a grain, usually consisting of amineral. (references)
Physics	Minute portion of matter or energy. Source: European Union. (references)
	A portion of a medium whose volume has small dimensions compared to the wavelength of the sound, but large compared to molecular dimensions. Source: European Union. (references)
Space	In general, a charged component of an atom, that is, an ion or electron. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Grammatical particle

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A particle is a word that is normally uninflected, and often has little clear meaning, but has an important function in a sentence or phrase, and is therefore called a function word. It is distinct from the other words in the sentence, but may reflect the attitude or even the mood of the speaker or narrator of the text, or may act as a sentence connector to the previous sentence or clause.

In Japanese and Korean (which are unrelated languages but have almost identical grammars), particles are used to mark nouns according to their case or their role (subject, object, complement, or topic) in a sentence or clause. In Korean, particles are considered as a distinct part of speech. The examples below use English particles.

Many linguists classify adverbs and prepositions as particles. Conjunctions may also count as particles when they correlate clauses in a sentence.
Interjections expressing attitude, mood, or state of mind may also be classified as particles. Yet another type of particle is the sentence substitutes. Sentence substitutes are sometimes single words that can stand on their own and take the place of a whole sentence, such as "Hello", or "Goodbye", or "Yes".
Finally, the word "to" in an infinitive is considered to be a particle.

As can be seen, the greater number of particles are relatively short words. However, there are also "particle phrases" (adverbial phrases), such as "of course", "as it were", etc., which remain unchanged and separate from other words within the sentence, although they may contain inflected elements, such as "were". Also the so-called tag questions, such as "isn't it(?)", "won't he(?)", "doesn't it(?)", etc. which generally go at the end of the sentence, fall under this category, in that they have a reinforcing or reassuring function, or a sentence connection function, or even indicate the mood of attitude of the speaker/narrator.

Also, words such as "the" (the articles with noun); the "to" (in infinitives) and the determiners "more", "most", "less", "least" (in comparatives and superlatives should be regarded as particles as they themselves are not inflected, but belong to other words that are. Yet it must be conceded that they are not isolated in the way particles normally are, since they are part of an over-all grammatical inflection.

However, if particles change into nouns or verbs, they take on the affixes of the inflections of these nouns and verbs, such as in "ifs and buts", or "humming and hawing" (of the interjection "hum").

Grammatical particles are particularly important in colloquial speech, which probably would not be able to convey many special shades of meaning without them. It is the subtle use of particles in phrases such as "now then, what's all this"; "so what"; "you spoke to her, then"?; "anyway, there I was"; "still, it could have been a lot worse"; and many others that make communication in colloquial speech so rich.

List of particles:

(The first four examples especially reflect a state of mind or attitude on the part of the speaker).
So (Sentence connector)
"So" has a defiant element as an answer to a challenging question or statement as in "so what" sentences, such as "I have spoken to your father about you". "So what"! "I have looked into this very closely". "So, does that mean you have found the answer"?
"So", then, is not only a sentence connector but it also shows what the speaker's attitude is.
Well (Sentence connector, as in "Well, that may be true")
Still (Sentence connector)
"Still" may be seen as a limiting factor in this example: "We have had a terrible day today". "Still. it could have been a lot worse".
Yet (Sentence connector)
"Yet" has a contrasting effect to what has just been said, similarly to "however". "I am seventy years old, and my bones are beginning to creak, yet/however I still enjoy doing some of the things I used to do". So judging by the speaker's state of mind, he doesn' t think he is too old by any means.
As (Sentence connector)
Also (Sentence connector)
Too (Sentence connector)
Then (Sentence connector, but also Adverb)
"Then" in this case is a sentence connector but also a sentence modifier in that it modifies the mood in which it was said, meaning "in that case" or "that being so". "You found your wallet then"? Or "go on then".
Nevertheless (Sentence connector)
However (Sentence connector)
"Nevertheless" and "however" are very similar contrast particles often contradicting what has just been said. "I do not like this person one little bit". "However/nevertheless we should work together with him on this project".
Anyway (Sentence connector)
"Anyway", too, is used in a similar way but has a limiting or concluding use as in "Anyway, let that be enough" or "anyway, he didn' t stay away long". It has the effect of a summing up or a looking back.
Even (Adverb, not in the sense of "evenly" but "even the youngest of them")
Hello, Hallo, or Hullo (Sentence substitute)
Hi (Sentence substitute)
Goodbye (Sentence substitute)
Farewell (Sentence substitute)
Yes (Sentence substitute)
No (Sentence substitute)

Coordinating Conjunctions:

You can remember this with the handy mnemonic FANBOYS.

Some use and/or in writing.

Subordinating Conjunction:

when
1. 'They shouted when the team arrived.' The independent clause 'they shouted' joined with 'when' to the independent clause 'the team arrived'.
Although (Conjunction)
Ah (Interjection, expressing pleasure, pain, etc.)
H'm (Interjection, expressing doubt, hesitation, pleasure, etc.)
Hum (Interjection, expressing again doubt, hesitation, uncertainty, etc.)
Oh (Interjection, expressing surprise, pain, etc.)
(There are, of course, many more interjections)
To (Infinitive, such as "to live", to make", etc.)

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Grammatical particle."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Particle

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
Entry	Source	Expression	Field
PASEM	English	Particle Analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy	N/A
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonyms: Particle

Synonyms: atom (n), molecule (n), mote (n), speck (n). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Particle

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Part	Piece, lump, bit cut, cutting; chip, chunk, collop, slice, scale; lamina; small part; morsel, particle; (smallness); installment, dividend; share; (allotment).
Pulverulence	Powder, dust, sand, shingle; sawdust; grit; meal, bran, flour, farina, rice, paddy, spore, sporule; crumb, seed, grain; particle. (smallness); limature, filings, debris, detritus, tailings, talus slope, scobs, magistery, fine powder; flocculi.
Smallness	Small quantity, modicum, trace, hint, minimum; vanishing point; material point, atom, particle, molecule, corpuscle, point, speck, dot, mote, jot, iota, ace; minutiae, details; look, thought, idea, soupcon, dab, dight, whit, tittle, shade, shadow; spark, scintilla, gleam; touch, cast; grain, scruple, granule, globule, minim, sup, sip, sop, spice, drop, droplet, sprinkling, dash, morceau, screed, smack, tinge, tincture; inch, patch, scantling, tatter, cantlet, flitter, gobbet, mite, bit, morsel, crumb, seed, fritter, shive; snip, snippet; snick, snack, snatch, slip, scrag; chip, chipping; shiver, sliver, driblet, clipping, paring, shaving, hair.
Unsubstantiality	Nothing, naught, nil, nullity, zero, cipher, no one, nobody; never a one, ne'er a one; no such thing, none in the world; nothing whatever, nothing at all, nothing on earth; not a particle; (smallness); all talk, moonshine, stuff and nonsense; matter of no importance, matter of no consequence. thing of naught, man of straw, John Doe and Richard Roe, faggot voter; nominis umbra, nonentity; flash in the pan, vox et praeterea nihil.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Particle

English words defined with "particle": alpha particle ♦ elementary particle ♦ fundamental particle ♦ K particle ♦ strange particle, subatomic particle. (references)

Specialty definitions using "particle": absolute vorticity, absorption cross section, absorption of a particle, Absorption of Plasma Wave Energy, accelerator mass spectrometry, ACCELERATOR OPERATOR, adiabatic invariant, aerodynamic diameter, agitation ratio, air elutriation, allowed transitions, ALMOND-PASTE MIXER, Alpha-Carbon Reaction, Alu Elements, Andreasen pipette, Andrews' elutriator, Anomalous plasma diffusion, apparent cohesion, arithmetic-mean particle diameter, atomic mass spectrometry, atomic particle, attraction particle, attrition mill, avalanche effect, average energy expended in a gas per ion pair formed, average energy expended per ion pair formed ♦ bank slope stability, barometric slope, bench hand, beta decay, bit decay, bit rot, bloating phenomena, Bounce Frequency, BREAKER-MACHINE OPERATOR, bremsstrahlung, bremsstrahlung effect ♦ centre of gyration, Cerenkov radiation, CERN, characteristic Larmor radius, Charged particle, charged-particle equilibrium, CHARGER II, clapotis, Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System, coal dust, coarse sand, coefficient of purifying, collision broadening, collision rate, Collisionless Plasma Model, columnar ionization, Compound Subjects, concentration gradient, condensation nucleus, conferatur, Confinement Time, confronta, consulta, coriolis acceleration, Coulomb Collision, Coulomb damping, Coulter counter, critical level of escape, CRS, crystal defects, crystallization nucleus, Curvature drift, cyclotron frequency, cyclotron radiation, Cyclotron Radius ♦ De Broglie wavelength, deep cell count, defect electron, definizione, Delias, density gradient, designated size, Direct Drive, Direct Observation of the Nu Tau, direct plot, directly ionising particle, directly ionizing particle, drift mobility, Drift Motion, drift velocity, dry deposition, dry grinding ♦ electrical double layer, Electrons, energy imparted, energy imparted to matter, energy transfer, equivalent diameter, equivalent freefalling diameter, event horizon, expansion wave, extinction cross section ♦ Fermi accelerations. (references)

Etymologies containing "particle": IF ♦ mica. (references)

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Modern Usage: Particle

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	Cirrus, Socrates, particle, decibel, hurricane, dolphin, tulip. (Artificial Intelligence: AI; writing credit: Ian Watson) Why, a particle of sunlight can't even be seen or measured. (Plan 9 from Outer Space; writing credit: Edward D. Wood Jr.) It's a particle of mud. But by virtue of its atomic structure it emits radiation. (X the Unknown; writing credit: Jimmy Sangster)
Clever	I have not a particle of confidence in a man who has no redeeming vices. (references; author: Mark Twain)
Movie/TV Titles	The Balanced Particle Freeway (1997) Particle Dreams (1988)
Song Titles	Particle Man (performing artist: They Might Be Giants)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Particle

Domain	Title
References	The World Market for Particle Accelerators: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics (reference) Lie Algebras in Particle Physics (Frontiers in Physics) (reference) Problems and Solutions on Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics: Major American Universities Ph.D. Qualifying Questions and Solutions (reference) Q Is for Quantum : An Encyclopedia of Particle Physics (reference) Quarks and Leptones: An Introductory Course in Modern Particle Physics (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Particle And Particle Systems Characterization (reference) Journal Of Physics : G Nuclear & Particle Physics (reference) Progress In Particle And Nuclear Physics 3 (reference) (more periodical examples)

Theater & Movies	LightWave Particle FX Concepts (reference) (more DVD examples; more video examples)

Music	Particle Zoo (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Particle

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	A. Peripheral blood leukocyte from an AIDS patient producing HIV. There are several particles budding from the periphery of the cell. Other virus particles cluster outside the cell membrane. (x30) b. Enlargement of far right center area of top photo showing mature HIV particles. (x90) c. HIV particle budding from cell membrane. (x200) d. Mature hiv particle with characteristic core. (x200). See artwork: GR-07.Credit: Matt Gonda (photographer).		The photo of an electron micrograph of HHV-6 also includes a labeled insert of the mature virus particle. The HHV-6 is a double stranded DNA virus of the herpes family. The virus particles shown here have matured and are then released from the lymphocyte which has been infected. The "owl's eye" appearance of the virus particles is characteristic of the herpes family. The HHV-6, or the human herpes virus-6, was thought to infect b-cells and was at one time called HBLV, human b-lymphotropic virus. It is now known to infect t-cells and is the cause of the childhood rash "roseola" and some cases of mononucleosis.Credit: Bernard Kramarsky (photographer).
	Aerosol Particle Analyzer at the ERC.Credit: NASA.		Particle impactor to study atmospheric particulate matter; Aiken condensation nuclei counter, and Dupont humidity sensor.Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.
	Our picture shows the control panel of the installation VEPP-2 with opposing charged particle beams in which they are going to realize collision of electrons and positrons with relative power of two thousand milliard electron-volts, being made at the Inst.Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Particle

Author	Quotation
Henry David Thoreau	Poetry implies the whole truth, philosophy expresses only a particle of it.
Ian Mclaren	Ability involves responsibility; power, to its last particle, is duty.
William Blake	For everything exists and not one sigh nor smile nor tear, one hair nor particle of dust, not one can pass away.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Particle

Title	Author	Quote
Les Miserables	Hugo, Victor	One of the false ideas of the restoration in point of aristocracy and nobility was its faith in the particle.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Particle

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		However, the UV light must penetrate to the virus particle. (references)
		Research suggests that TSEs are caused by an abnormal version of a protein called a prion (prion is short for proteinaceous infectious particle). (references)
Business		Two hundred companies are engaged in the manufacturing of fiber and particle board, impregnating and laminating for uses other than plywood. (references)
		In January 1999 Public Law No. 25.080 was passed to promote investment in cultivated forests and in the last four years, the highest growth had been generated by the pulp and particle board manufacturers. (references)
Economic History	Switzerland	Switzerland is the seat of many international, inter-governmental or private organizations ranging from the United Nations and associated organizations to CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics), the International Red Cross and the International Olympic Committee. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Particle

"Particle" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.85% of the time. "Particle" is used about 677 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	99.85%	676	9,770
Noun (common)	0.15%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	677	N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Particle

Expressions using "particle": absorption of a particle ♦ alpha particle ♦ atomic particle ♦ attraction particle ♦ beta particle ♦ charged particle ♦ directly ionising particle ♦ directly ionizing particle ♦ elemental particle ♦ elementary particle ♦ Elementary Particle Interactions ♦ fundamental particle ♦ heavy particle ♦ indirectly ionising particle ♦ indirectly ionizing particle ♦ interrogative particle ♦ J particle ♦ K particle ♦ lambda particle ♦ largest particle passed ♦ particle absorption ♦ particle accelerator ♦ Particle Accelerators ♦ particle beam ♦ particle board ♦ particle fluence ♦ particle fluence rate ♦ particle flux density ♦ particle gummed ♦ particle gun ♦ particle of dust ♦ particle physics ♦ precipitated particle ♦ psi particle ♦ Signal Recognition Particle ♦ strange particle ♦ subatomic particle ♦ wood particle board. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "particle": particle-antiparticle, particle-anti-particle, particle-beam, particle-concentration, particle-induced, particle-laden, particle-like, particle-physics, particle-shaped, particle-size, particle-to.
	Ending with "particle": A-Particle, A-particle, beta-particle, charged-particle, particle-anti-particle, single-particle, two-particle, wave-particle, w-particle.
	Containing "particle": wave-particle duality.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Particle

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
particle	153
subatomic particle	78
particle accelerator	65
particle counter	57
particle board	51
particle size	36
particle illusion	34
alpha particle	28
jam particle	24
particle size analyzer	22
particle truth	22
elementary particle	21
man particle	21
particle physics	21
particle band	17
particle size reduction	17
music particle	15
particle theory	15
magnetic particle	14
filtering particle	13
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Particle

Language		Translations for "particle"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Afrikaan		item (element, fragment, item). (various references)

Albanian		prapashtesë (suffix), pjesëz (fraction), parashtesë (prefix), thërrmijë (fraction), grimcë elementare, grimcë (corpuscle, crumb, grain, granule, mote, tiny bit), copëz (bit, cantlet, nodule, nugget, Pat, scrap). (various references)

Arabic		‏هتامة, ‏قذي (speck), ‏حرف (brim, brink, character, contort, corrupt, deviate, distort, diverge, edge, falsify, garble, letter, list, margin, misrepresent, slant, tamper, torture, twist, wrest), ‏ذرة عنصر (mote), ‏جسيم (gross, pretty), ‏أداة (agent, appliance, device, gadget, implement, tool, utensil), ‏رقاقة (chip, flake, plate, wafer). (various references)

Breton		ne (negative particle). (various references)

Bulgarian		частица (atom, bit, fleck, fraction, molecule, sippet, tittle, vestige, whit), трошица, капчица (drop, droplet, scintilla), неизменяема частица, наставка (affix, extension, suffix), представка (prefix, preformative, prosthesis), причастие (communion, eucharist, oblation, ordinance, participle, sacrament). (various references)

Chinese		助詞 , 微�' (particles). (various references)

Czech		smítko (speck), èástice, èásteèka (minim). (various references)

Danish		partikel (corpuscle, grain, precipitated particle). (various references)

Dutch		deeltje (element, fragment, item, parcel, part, part of a volume), partikel (element, fragment, item), jaartelling (element, era, fragment, item), item (detail, element, fragment, item, number, numeral), deel (beam, deal, element, flitch, fragment, item, part, part of a volume, Parthian, piece, plank, portion of a piece, share, volume). (various references)

Esperanto		ero (element, fragment, item). (various references)

Faeroese		smálutur (detail, element, fragment, item). (various references)

Farsi		لفظ (Word), حرف (Blabbermouth, Grapheme, Jib, Letter, Say, Speech, Talk, Word, Yap), ذره (Ace, Bit, Corpuscle, Dust, Grain, Iota, Jot, Nip, Scruple, Shred, Speck, Vestige, Whit), خرده (Bit, Bittock, Crumb, Debris, Fragment, Glimmer, Grain, Jot, Nip, Shred, Small, Vestige, Weeny, Whit), ریزه (Bit, Chip, Midget, Mince, Shiver, Teeny). (various references)

Finnish		osanen (corpuscle, element, fragment, item, small part), hiukkanen (aerosol, corpuscle, grain, particles, particulate matter). (various references)

French		particule (parcel, powder particle), grain. (various references)

German		Teilchen (bun, particles, pastries), Partikel, Teil (appanage, area, bit, body part, chapter, component, deal, detail, district, machine component, machine member, machine part, member, part, Parthian, partial, partition, parts, party, piece, piece of a machine, portion, proportion, scrap, section, segment, share, slice, spare, spare part, spur, stint, stretch, tract, unit, workpiece). (various references)

Greek		σωματίδιο (corpuscle), μόριο (corpuscle, molecule, whit). (various references)

Guarani		piko (interrogative particle). (various references)

Hebrew		מלת יחס (preposition), מלת �"טעם, שמץ (grain, iota, jot, mite, modicum, morsel, odor, odour, pinch, shade, shred, soupcon, sprinkling, suspicion, syllable, tincture, trace, whit), קורט (grain, sprinkle), חלקיק (molecule, mote, speck), �'ושיש (grain). (various references)

Hungarian		szemcse (button, corn, globule, grain, granule, pellet, speck). (various references)

Indonesian		unsur (element, factor). (various references)

Italian		particella (chip, compartment, fleck, mote, parcel, wood chip, woodchip). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		�'子 (grain), � �'子 (elementary particle), 助辞 (auxiliary word), 助詞 (postposition), 微塵 (atom), 一点 (dot, only a little, only one, point, speck). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		そりゅうし (elementary particle), いって�" (a turn, complete change, dot, firmament, only a little, only one, point, speck, the whole sky), りゅうし (grain), じょじ (auxiliary word, baby girl, description, narration, order, primary schoolgirl, sequence), じょし (arranging seats by seniority, foreward, girl, Ms., postposition, preface, woman), みじ�" (atom). (various references)

Korean		입자 (particles). (various references)

Manx		yn vonney (the many), scommag, partigal, monney (foreboding, foreshadow, much, omen, portent, premonition, presage, scrap, sign), meereen (counter, curio), kinneig (breadcrumb, crumb, paring, scraping), floag (dot, flake, jot, mote), breneen (atom, mote), ayrneen. (various references)

Pig Latin		articlepay

Portuguese		partícula (aught, blob, droplet, fragment, item, speck, whit). (various references)

Romanian		prepoziţie (preposition), particulã (atomy, molecule), pãrticicã (atom, bit, fleck, speck), granulã (grain, granule, Pearl, pellet), fir (bit, clue, grain, hair, lint, purl, stitch, thread, tittle, wire), fãrâmã (atom, bit, chip, crumb, element, fleck, fragment, morsel, scrap, smithereens, speck, whit), corpuscul (corpuscle, small body), conjuncţie (conjunction), conectiv, atom (atom, corpuscle), afix (affix). (various references)

Russian		частица (corpuscle, fraction, quantum, speck). (various references)

Scottish		sicear. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		partikula, rečca, čestica (mote, pinpoint, whit). (various references)

Spanish		partícula (speck). (various references)

Swedish		smådel. (various references)

Turkish		parçacık (corpuscle, corpuscular, corpuscule, fleck, shiver, Spall), zerre (atom, corpuscle, corpuscule, crumb, grain, granule, iota, jot, mite, molecule, monad, mote, rap, Ray, scintilla, shadow, sparklet, speck, tittle, touch, vestige, whit), tanecik (flake, fleck, grain, granule), takı (affix, ending, formative, garniture, jewelery, ornament, ornamentation, postposition, trappings), molekül (molecule), ilgeç (postposition, postpositive, preposition), edat (postposition, postpositive, preposition), adet (bleeding, consuetude, convention, courses, custom, element, fashion, flow, fragment, groove, habit, item, menses, menstruation, mounthly courses, mounthly periods, number, numeral, period, praxis, routine, sum, the usual thing, total, tradition, usage, use, wont). (various references)

Ukranian		розділ (book, chapter, column, theory), частка (allotment, ante, contingent, crumb, deal, detail, divvy, dose, draught, fraction, lobe, portion, quantity, quota, quotient, shred, slice), крупинка (fleck). (various references)

Vietnamese		tiền tố, chút (jot, shadow, smidgen, suspicion). (various references)

Welsh		rhithyn (atom, scintilla), mymryn (atom, bit, mite), as (ace, donkey), affliw (shred). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Particle

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	corpora, corpore, corpori, corporibus, corporis, corporum, corpus, corpusque, mica, micha, michae, micham, michas, micis, particula, particulam, particulatim. (various references)
Old French	900-1400	parcelle. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Particle

Derivations
	Words beginning with "particle": particleboard, particleboards, particles. (additional references)
	Words ending with "particle": antiparticle, interparticle, microparticle, multiparticle, quasiparticle. (additional references)
	Words containing "particle": antiparticles, microparticles, quasiparticles. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Particle" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: panticle, pareille, partale, partic, partical, particl, particlely, partic'ly, particul, particule, paticle, Patricke, Pericle, periculo, Pertile, porticle, practicle, pratice, praticle, pratile, Pratincola, Pratincole. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Particle"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "particle" (pronounced pÄ"rtukul)
7	-Ä" r t u k u l	article.
6	-r t u k u l	cortical.
5	-t u k u l	aeronautical, cuticle, diacritical, grammatical, hypothetical, impractical, nautical, obstacle, political, practical, receptacle, skeptical, spectacle, tentacle.
4	-u k u l	agrochemical, allegorical, anarchical, anatomical, anthropological, barnacle, biblical, biochemical, chemical, Chronicle, clavicle, clerical, clinical, commonsensical, coracle, domical, epochal, equivocal, etymological, farcical, follicle, geophysical, hierarchical, maniacal, medical, meteorological, methodical, miracle, monocle, mythical, numerical, Oracle, oratorical, photochemical, pinnacle, polemical, pontifical, quizzical, radical, reciprocal, satirical, typical, unequivocal.
3	-k u l	acoustical, alphabetical, analytical, ankle, antithetical, apolitical, archaeological, archeological, astrological, astronautical, astronomical, asymmetrical, atypical, autobiographical, bicycle, bifocal, biographical, biological, biomedical, biotechnological, botanical, brickle, buckle, cackle, categorical, cervical, chronological, chuckle, circle, classical, comical, conical, crackle, critical, cubicle, cycle, cyclical, cylindrical, cynical, debacle, dermatological, diabolical, dialectical, ducal, ecclesiastical, ecological, economical, ecumenical, egotistical, electrical, electrochemical, electromechanical, elliptical, empirical, encircle, encyclical, epidemiological, eschatological, ethical, ethnical, evangelical, fanatical, fecal, fickle, fiscal, focal, freckle, galenical, geographical, geological, geometrical, geopolitical, gonococcal, grackle, granduncle, graphical, gynecological, hackle, heckle, helical, heretical, heterocercal, historical, honeysuckle, Huckle, hypercritical, hypocritical, hysterical, icicle, identical, ideological, illogical, immunological, inimical, ironical, jackal, knuckle, lackadaisical, lexical, liturgical, local, logical, logistical, lyrical, magical, mathematical, matriarchal, mechanical, meikle, metallurgical, metaphorical, metaphysical, methodological, metrical, Mickle, morphological, motorcycle, muckle, musical, mystical, mythological, neoclassical, neurological, nickel, Nickle, Nicol, nonelectrical, nonpolitical, nonsensical, nonsurgical, nontechnical, ontological, optical, ornithological, paradoxical, pathological, patriarchal, pedagogical, periodical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, pharmacological, philosophical, phonological, physical, physiological, pickle, popsicle, preclinical, problematical, prototypical, psychical, psychological, pumpernickel, puritanical, rabbinical, radiological, ramshackle, rankle, rascal, recycle, rhetorical, ruckle, runkle, sabbatical, semiclassical, semicylindrical, semitropical, serological, shackle, shekel, sickle, sociological, Sokol, sparkle, speckle, spherical, sprinkle, statistical, stereotypical, stickle, strategical, suckle, surgical, symmetrical, tabernacle, tackle, tactical, technical, technological, teleological, testicle, theatrical, theological, theoretical, tickle, tinkle, topical, toxicological, trickle, tricycle, tropical, twinkle, typographical, tyrannical, umbilical, uncle, uncritical, uneconomical, unethical, unicycle, unshackle, untypical, vehicle, vertical, viatical, virological, vocal, whimsical, Winkle, wrinkle, zoological.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Particle

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Direct Anagrams: prelatic.
	Words within the letters "a-c-e-i-l-p-r-t"
	-1 letter: article, caliper, paretic, picrate, plaiter, platier, plectra, plicate, recital, replica.
	-2 letters: aplite, atelic, caplet, carpel, carpet, cartel, citral, claret, eclair, epical, lacier, palier, palter, parcel, pirate, placer, placet, plaice, plater, plicae, preact, rectal, relict, retail, retial, rictal, tailer, triple.
	-3 letters: alert, alter, apter, areic, ariel, artel, atrip, caper, caret, carle, carpi, carte, cater, ceria, citer, clapt, clear, cleat, clept, clipt, crape, crate, crept, cripe, eclat, epact, erica, ileac, irate, lacer, later, leapt, lepta, liter, litre, pacer, paler, palet, parle, pater, pearl, peart, peril, petal, pical, pieta, pilar, pilea, place, plait, plate, pleat, plica, plier, prate, price, ratel, react, recap, recta, recti, relic, relit, retia, taler, taper, tapir, telia, telic, tepal, terai, tical, tiler, trace, trail, triac, trial, trice, tripe.
	-4 letters: acre, airt, alec, alit, aper, aril, cape, care, carl, carp, cart, cate, ceil, celt, cire, cite, clap, clip, clit, crap, earl, epic, etic, ilea, lace, laic, lair, lari, late, lati, leap, lear, lept, liar, lice, lier, lipa, lipe, lira, lire, lite, pace, pact, pail, pair, pale, pare, part, pate, peal, pear, peat, pelt, peri, pert, pial, pica, pice, pier, pile, pita, plat, plea, plie, prat, race, rail, rale, rape, rapt, rate, real, reap, rial, rice, riel, rile, ripe, rite, tace, tael, tail, talc, tale, tali, tape, tare, tarp, teal, tear, tela, tepa, tier, tile, tire, tirl, trap, trip.
	-5 letters: ace, act, ail, air, ait, ale, alp, alt, ape, apt, arc, are, art, ate, cap, car, cat, cel, cep, ear, eat, era, eta, ice, ire, lac, lap, lar, lat, lea, lei, let, lie, lip, lit, pac, pal, par, pat, pea, pec, per, pet, pia, pic, pie, pit, rap, rat, rec, rei, rep, ret, ria, rip, tae, tap, tar, tea, tel, tic, tie, til, tip.
	Words containing the letters "a-c-e-i-l-p-r-t"
	+1 letter: particles, pearlitic, precoital, replicate.
	+2 letters: altarpiece, apiculture, birthplace, epicentral, explicator, participle, pratincole, preethical, replicated, replicates, replicator, triplicate.
	+3 letters: altarpieces, apicultures, birthplaces, caterpillar, centripetal, explicators, explicatory, malpractice, narcoleptic, participles, particulate, peculiarity, percolating, percolation, peristaltic, perithecial, planimetric, plasticizer, practicable, praelecting, pratincoles, precritical, predictable, predictably, problematic, prophetical, protractile, reduplicate, replicating, replication, replicative, replicators, specularity, spirochetal, telegraphic, triplicated, triplicates, tropicalize.
	+4 letters: antiparticle, archetypical, capitularies, caterpillars, chalcopyrite, corporeality, discrepantly, entropically, epicuticular, hyperplastic, hypertypical, inoperculate, malpractices, metaphorical, narcoleptics, operatically, organoleptic, particulates, perceptional, percolations, perspectival, petrological, phylacteries, pictorialize, plasticizers, plebiscitary, plutocracies, polarimetric, postcardlike, precentorial, preceptorial, precipitable, preeclamptic, problematics, projectional, recapitalize, recapitulate, reduplicated, reduplicates, replications, semitropical, spectatorial, superplastic, tropicalized, tropicalizes, ultraprecise, velociraptor.
	+5 letters: antiparticles, capillarities, centripetally, cephalometric, chalcopyrites, comparatively, complimentary, convertiplane, cooperatively, coplanarities, copyrightable, corporalities, deprecatingly, deprecatorily, geotropically, hypercritical, hypermetrical, imperialistic, impracticable, inoperculates, interparticle, intertropical, letterspacing, lycanthropies, microparticle, multiparticle, multispectral, orthoepically, parenthetical, parfocalities, particleboard, particularise, particularize, paternalistic, peculiarities, perissodactyl, personalistic, petrochemical, phallocentric, pictorialized, pictorializes, pictorialness, plantocracies, practicalness, precapitalist, preceptorials, precipitantly, precipitately, precollegiate, predicatively, prehistorical, prevocational, problematical, proleptically, prophetically, prosecutorial, provocatively, pyrotechnical, quadruplicate, quasiparticle, reapplication, recapitalized, recapitalizes, recapitulated, recapitulates, recompilation, reduplicating, reduplication, reduplicative, replicability, republication, specularities, stereotypical, supercritical, thermoplastic, unpredictable, unpredictably, unproblematic, velociraptors, xerophthalmic.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.