Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: PARSING |
PARSINGPersonal pronoun & verb & noun1. Of Parse |
Date "PARSING" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1844. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Computing | Parsing parser. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Parsing used to be taught as a formal activity in schools as part of language education.
In computer science, parsing is the process of splitting up a continuous stream of characters (read from a file or keyboard input, for example) into meaningful tokens, and then building a parse tree from those tokens. The name is by analogy with the usage in grammar and linguistics.
A parser is a computer program that carries out this task.
In machine translation and natural language processing systems, human languages are parsed by computer programs. Human sentences are not easily parsed by programs, as there is substantial ambiguity in the structure of human language.
The most common use of parsers is to parse computer programming languages. These have simple and regular grammars. The description below describes the common case of parsing a language with two levels of grammar: lexical and syntactic.
The first stage is the token generation, or lexical parse phase. For example, a calculator program would look at input like "12*(3+4)^2" and split it into the tokens 12, *, (, 3, +, 4, ^ and 2, each of which is a meaningful symbol in the context of an arithmetic expression. The parser would contain rules to tell it that the characters *, ( and ) mark the start of a new token, so meaningless tokens like "12*" or "(3" will not be generated.
The next stage is syntactic parsing or syntax analysis, which is checking that the tokens form an allowable expression. This is usually done with reference to a context-free grammar (CFG) which recursively defines components that can make up an expression and the order in which they must appear.
The final phase is semantic parsing or analysis, which is working out the implications of the expression just validated and taking the appropriate action. In the case of a calculator, the action is to evaluate the expression; a compilier, on the other hand, would generate the machine language that performs the functionality stated in the code.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Parsing."
Crosswords: PARSING |
| Specialty definitions using "PARSING": A PArse REquest Language ♦ backus normal form, backus-naur form ♦ Caml Light, command line option, concrete syntax, context clash ♦ LISP70, LL ♦ Nor ♦ Or ♦ parsed character data, PRECCX ♦ screen scraping ♦ Yet Another Yacc. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "PARSING": parse. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "PARSING" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. German (parsing). |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "PARSING" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 35.94% of the time. "PARSING" is used about 64 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 35.94% | 23 | 72,767 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 32.81% | 21 | 76,261 |
| Noun (singular) | 26.56% | 17 | 85,106 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.69% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 64 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "PARSING": chart-parsing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
parsing | 25 |
parsing xml | 9 |
address parsing | 5 |
email parsing | 4 |
parsing html | 4 |
parsing text | 4 |
error parsing | 4 |
parsing tool | 4 |
file parsing | 4 |
data parsing | 4 |
name parsing | 4 |
parsing php | 3 |
index.dat parsing | 3 |
language natural parsing | 3 |
html java parsing | 3 |
parsing string | 3 |
java parsing | 3 |
earley parsing | 3 |
resume parsing | 3 |
ifo parsing | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "PARSING"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | analizë gramatikore. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | граматичен разбор, морфологичен разбор. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 解析 (Cartesian, parse, parsed). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | parsing, syntaksanalyse. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | parsen. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | lauseenjäsennys (analysis), jäsennys. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | analyse syntaxique. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | syntaxanalyse (syntactic analysis), parsing. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | τεχνολογία (technological education, technology). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | nyelvtani elemzés. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | parsing, analisi sintattica. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | バ行 (Classification for Japanese verb with the dictionary form ending in "bu", par, park, park-and-ride, Parker, parking, parking area, parking driver, parking meter, parking valet, Parkinson, parse, parsec, parser, partial, partial freezing, pass, PC, percent, percentage, perceptron, percolator, percussion, pergola, personal, personal call, personal check, personal communication, personal computer, personal opinion, personal selling, personality, perspective, purge, purse, purser). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | パージング . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 분석 (Analyses, Analysis, Analytic, Analytical, Analyzing, Assaying). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | parsal (parse, parsley). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | arsingpay avareza (avarice, avidity, cheeseparing, cupidity, miserliness, piggery, pigpen), análise gramatical. (various references) разбор (analysis, dissection, scrutiny), анализ (analyses, analysis, analyzation, anatomy, scan). (various references) gramatičko raščlanjivanje. (various references) análisis sintáctico. (various references) parsning, språklig analys, satslösning. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "PARSING": misparsing. (additional references) | |
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"PARSING" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: arsing, Paarshin, pansying, parasing, pareing, parging, parning, parping, parsang, Parshin, parsin, parving, pearcing, perding, Persigny, Prasina, Prasong, pursine, Upharsin. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "PARSING" (pronounced pÄ"rsing) |
| 4 | -r s i ng | coursing, divorcing, endorsing, enforcing, forcing, horsing, outsourcing, piercing, reinforcing, sourcing. |
| 3 | -s i ng | accessing, acquiescing, addressing, advancing, affixing, amassing, annexing, announcing, assessing, balancing, basing, blessing, bouncing, boxing, bracing, busing, bussing, buttressing, bypassing, canvassing, caressing, casing, ceasing, chasing, classing, coalescing, coaxing, coercing, collapsing, commencing, compressing, condensing, conferencing, confessing, conversing, convincing, crisscrossing, crossing, cursing, cussing, dancing, debasing, decreasing, defacing, denouncing, depressing, diagnosing, digressing, disbursing, discussing, dismissing, dispensing, dispersing, displacing, distancing, distressing, dosing, dousing, dowsing, dressing, eclipsing, effacing, embarrassing, embracing, encompassing, engrossing, enhancing, enticing, erasing, expensing, experiencing, expressing, facing, faxing, fencing, financing, fixing, flexing, focusing, freelancing, fundraising, fussing, gassing, glancing, greasing, grimacing, grossing, grousing, guessing, hairdressing, harassing, harnessing, hissing, icing, impressing, increasing, indexing, inducing, influencing, intermixing, introducing, invoicing, kissing, Lancing, lapsing, leasing, lensing, licensing, loosing, massing, menacing, mensing, messing, mincing, missing, mixing, noticing, nursing, obsessing, oppressing, outdistancing, outpacing, overproducing, pacing, passing, perplexing, piecing, placing, policing, possessing, pouncing, practicing, prancing, prejudicing, pressing, pricing, processing, producing, professing, progressing, promising, pronouncing, pulsing, racing, reassessing, rebalancing, recessing, redressing, reducing, referencing, refinancing, refocusing, rehearsing, reimbursing, reintroducing, rejoicing, relapsing, relaxing, releasing, reminiscing, renouncing, replacing, repressing, repricing, reprocessing, reproducing, repulsing, repurchasing, resurfacing, retracing, reversing, rinsing, romancing, sacrificing, seducing, sensing, sentencing, sequencing, servicing, showcasing, silencing, slicing, sluicing, spacing, spicing, splicing, sprucing, stressing, subleasing, suppressing, surfacing, surpassing, taxing, teleconferencing, tossing, tracing, traipsing, traversing, trespassing, trouncing, unceasing, unconvincing, underpricing, unpromising, vexing, videoconferencing, voicing, waltzing, waxing, wincing, wissing, witnessing, xeroxing. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: parings, rasping, sparing. | |
| Words within the letters "a-g-i-n-p-r-s" | |
-1 letter: grains, paring, prangs, raping, rasing, sprain, sprang, spring. | |
-2 letters: airns, aping, gains, garni, girns, gnars, grain, grans, grasp, grins, grips, naris, nipas, pains, pairs, pangs, paris, pians, pinas, pings, pirns, prang, prigs, ragis, rains, ranis, rings, sarin, spang, sprag, sprig. | |
-3 letters: agin, ains, airn, airs, anis, gain, gaps, gars, gasp, gins, gips, girn, gnar, gran, grin, grip, nags, naps, nipa, nips, pain, pair, pang, pans, pars, pian, pias, pigs, pina, ping, pins, pirn, prig, ragi, rags, rain, rang, rani, raps, rasp, rias, rigs, ring, rins, rips, sain, sang, sari, sign, sing, snag, snap, snip, span, spar, spin. | |
-4 letters: ain, air, ais, ani, ars, asp, gan, gap, gar, gas, gin, gip, ins, nag, nap, nip, pan, par, pas, pia, pig, pin, pis, psi, rag, ran, rap, ras, ria, rig, rin, rip, sag, sap, sin, sip, sir, spa, sri. | |
-5 letters: ag, ai, an, ar, as, in, is, na, pa, pi, si. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-g-i-n-p-r-s" | |
+1 letter: aspiring, carpings, graplins, grasping, harpings, pairings, pargings, parkings, partings, phrasing, pingrass, praising, scarping, scraping, sharping, sparging, sparking, sparling, sparring, spearing, spraying, springal. | |
+2 letters: agrypnias, apprising, aspersing, escarping, grapiness, graplines, handgrips, pagurians, parawings, pastoring, pasturing, phrasings, preassign, presaging, raspingly, relapsing, repassing, repasting, reshaping, respacing, respading, scarphing, scrapings, scrapping, spanglier, sparingly, sparkling, sparlings, spiraling, sporangia, spraining, sprawling, spreading, springald, springals, strapping, traipsing, trapesing, trappings, unsparing, upraising, upsoaring, upstaring, vaporings, wrappings. | |
+3 letters: angiosperm, aphorising, appraising, asparagine, asperating, aspirating, carpetings, despairing, disparting, gingersnap, grapevines, grapplings, graspingly, hairspring, handspring, headspring, mainspring, misparsing, misparting, paganizers, panegyrics, panegyrist, paralysing, parentings, pargylines, pellagrins, persuading, pingrasses, plastering, pleasuring, polarising, practising, preassigns, precasting, prepasting, preshaping, presoaking, pretasting, prewashing, prolapsing, ptarmigans, purchasing, purgations, reclasping, rephrasing, resampling, respeaking, respraying, restamping, saprogenic, scampering, scarpering, separating, sharpening, spattering, spiralling, sporangial, sporangium, sporogonia, spraddling, sprattling, springalds, springhead, springtail, strappings, supergiant, surpassing, upstarting, vaporising, wingspread. | |
+4 letters: angiosperms, asparagines, bespreading, campaigners, disparaging, dispraising, dispreading, espaliering, frangipanes, frangipanis, generalship, gingersnaps, graphicness, grapinesses, greasepaint, hairsprings, handsprings, headsprings, impregnants, impregnates, lipreadings, mainsprings, managership, misphrasing, operagoings, overpassing, pageantries, panegyrists, paragenesis, parasailing, patronising, patternings, personating, pharyngitis, plaistering, plasterings, postmarking, preassigned, precreasing, pregnancies, prehearings, prestamping, privatising, prognathism, programings, prostrating, protagonist, respreading, semaphoring, spermagonia, splattering, sporulating, springboard, springheads, springtails, springwater, spurgalling, superadding, supergiants, suppurating, tapestrying, transpiring, transposing, trapnesting, trespassing, unsparingly, unstrapping, uppercasing, wingspreads. | |
+5 letters: appraisingly, bespattering, caparisoning, cheeseparing, despairingly, disappearing, disapproving, earsplitting, exasperating, expurgations, forespeaking, gallinippers, generalships, graspingness, greasepaints, guardianship, imparadising, impregnators, interspacing, jeopardising, managerships, negrophobias, newspapering, nomographies, outsparkling, outspreading, overpraising, papermakings, paraphrasing, parasailings, parasitising, parasitizing, pasteurising, pasteurizing, pawnbrokings, pelargoniums, peregrinates, phrasemaking, plagiarising, plantigrades, playwritings, popularising, preassigning, predeceasing, predesignate, premeasuring, printmakings, prognathisms, programmings, propagandist, propagations, prorogations, protagonists, reappraising, redisplaying, renographies, replastering, repugnancies, repurchasing, rhapsodizing, ropedancings, sandpapering, scenographic, scintigraphy, sonographies, spearfishing, spearheading, spermagonium, springboards, springwaters, stenographic, straphanging, superheating, superorganic, surpassingly, transhipping, transporting, transshaping, trapshooting, venographies, zoosporangia. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)50 41 52 53 49 4E 47 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).--. .- .-. ... .. -. --. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010000 01000001 01010010 01010011 01001001 01001110 01000111 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)P A R S I N G |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0050 0041 0052 0053 0049 004E 0047 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)50355253434841 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Usage Frequency | 5. Expressions 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Derivations | 9. Rhymes 10. Anagrams 11. Orthography 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
